SUN Strategy 3.0 2021-2025 - Scaling Up Nutrition

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SUN Strategy 3.0 2021-2025 - Scaling Up Nutrition
SCALING UP NUTRITION MOVEMENT

SUN Strategy 3.0
                       2021-2025
SUN Strategy 3.0 2021-2025 - Scaling Up Nutrition
SUN VISION
By 2030, a world free from malnutrition
in all its forms. Led by countries
and    governments,      supported      by
organisations and individuals – collective
action ensures every child, adolescent,
mother and family can realise their right
to food and nutrition, reach their full
potential and shape sustainable and
prosperous societies.
SUN Strategy 3.0 2021-2025 - Scaling Up Nutrition
Table of Contents                                                                    SUN Strategy 3.0    1

Table of Contents   01
                    Executive summary                                                                    3

                    02
                    Introduction: A changing external and internal context                               7
                         Who is SUN?                                                                     7
                         Why a new Strategy?                                                             7
                         Facing the challenges                                                           9
                         Emerging threats and opportunities                                              9

                    03
                    SUN 3.0: A Strategy to accelerate nutrition action and
                    systemic change, 2021–2025                                                          11
                         SUN 3.0 strategic objectives                                                   11
                         Priorities for each of the SUN 3.0 strategic objectives                        16

                    04
                    Financing for SUN 3.0                                                               23
                         Prioritising financing for nutrition                                           23
                         Mobilising financing for nutrition                                             24
                         Strengthening capacity to improve financing for nutrition                      25
                         Financing the SUN support structures                                           26

                    05
                    SUN 3.0 Governance and operations                                                   30
                         Implications of the SUN 3.0 Strategy for 2021–2025                             30
                         Membership, roles and capabilities for SUN members and
                         structures                                                                     31
                         SUN Movement Accountability Framework                                          39
                         Hosting arrangements for the SUN Movement Secretariat                          42

                    06
                    Managing conflicts of interest                                                      40

                    07
                    What success will look like in 2025                                                 41
                         Key outcomes for SUN 2021–2025                                                 41
                         Transitioning to a more sustainable scaling up nutrition approach
                         in SUN countries                                                               42

                    08
                    The Strategy development process and implementation                                 43

                    Annexes – see separate document
SUN Strategy 3.0 2021-2025 - Scaling Up Nutrition
Abbreviations and acronyms                                                        SUN Strategy 3.0   2

 Abbreviations                CC          Country coordinator
                              CSA
 and acronyms                             Civil Society Alliance
                              ExCom       Executive Committee
                              FCAS        Fragile and conflict-affected states
                              FCDO        Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office
                              GDP         Gross domestic product
                              GSS         Global Support System
                              ICE         Independent Comprehensive Evaluation
                              IDA         International Development Association
                              IBRD        International Bank for Reconstruction and Development
                              LG          Lead Group
                              MEAL        Monitoring, Evaluation, Accountability and Learning
                              MQSUN       Maximising the Quality of the Scaling Up Nutrition
                                          Programme
                              MSP         Multi-stakeholder platform
                              N4G         Nutrition for Growth
                              NGO         Non-governmental organisation
                              NNFSS       National Nutrition and Food Security Secretariat
                              NPC         National Planning Commission
                              OCHA        United Nations Office for the Coordination of
                                          Humanitarian Affairs
                              PF          Pooled Fund
                              SBN         SUN Business Network
                              SC          SUN Movement Coordinator
                              SDGs        Sustainable Development Goals
                              SMART       Specific, measurable, achievable, relevant and
                                          time-bound
                              SMEs        Small and medium enterprises
                              SMS         SUN Movement Secretariat
                              SO          Strategic objectives
                              SUN         Scaling Up Nutrition
                              UN          United Nations
                              UNN-REACH   United Nations Network–Renewed Efforts against Child
                                          Hunger and Undernutrition
                              UNOPS       United Nations Office for Project Services
                              WASH        Water, sanitation and hygiene
                              WHA         World Health Assembly

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01 Executive summary                                                                              SUN Strategy 3.0   3

01 Executive
   summary
                       The focus: The Scaling Up Nutrition            as well as corresponding mitigation
                       (SUN) Strategy 2021–2025 (SUN 3.0)             measures, have shown the need for large-
                       prioritises country leadership and focuses     scale coordinated action and institutional
                       on supporting systemic change at the           reform.
                       country level. It seeks to capture the
                                                                      Investing in nutrition remains a key
                       ambition of SUN countries and guide the
                                                                      element of building human capital
                       work of all actors at all levels – national
                                                                      and is essential to achieving the SDGs
                       and subnational, regional and global –
                                                                      and fostering resilience against future
                       aligning concerted action behind and
                                                                      pandemics. The challenges are greatest
                       responding to commonly agreed national
                                                                      in conflict-affected and fragile contexts,
                       priorities set out by governments in SUN
                                                                      requiring a stronger link between
                       countries. As part of these efforts, SUN 3.0
                                                                      humanitarian and development efforts
                       aims to contribute towards achieving the
                                                                      to reduce humanitarian needs through
                       goals of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable
                                                                      inclusive    risk-informed   development
                       Development.
                                                                      programming. An urgent, coordinated
                       SUN 3.0 is committed to fundamental,           response and scaled up investments
                       non-negotiable aspects of effective            from governments, donors, the private
                       nutrition action, including equity and the     sector, United Nations agencies and civil
                       principle of leaving no one behind. For its    society (international, national and local)
                       third phase, the SUN Movement will drive       are now crucial. The pandemic has made
                       forward gender equality and enshrine           clear that SUN 3.0 is needed now, more
                       youth leadership across the Movement.          than ever, to keep nutrition on the global
                       SUN 3.0 will strengthen partnerships           agenda, protect the most vulnerable,
                       to achieve greater impact on nutrition         prioritise evidence-informed actions and
                       through food systems, health systems,          make the case for investing in nutrition.
                       social protection systems, actions by
                                                                      SUN 3.0 is designed to lead this call to
                       the private sector and humanitarian
                                                                      action across all those working on the
                       and development actors, and through
                                                                      SDGs. This third phase of the Strategy will
                       education, water, sanitation and hygiene
                                                                      be judged a success if actors across the
                       (WASH) and climate change adaptation.
                                                                      Movement can demonstrate that their
                       Even before COVID-19, very few countries       individual and collective efforts contribute
                       were on track to meet the World Health         clearly to accelerating nutrition results
                       Assembly      (WHA)     and     Sustainable    through systemic change at the national
                       Development Goal (SDG) nutrition               and subnational levels and to saving lives
                       targets. The pandemic is likely to roll        and increasing resilience in countries
                       back many years of progress, particularly      affected by fragility and conflict (FCAS).
                       in low- and middle-income countries, as        Indicators of success are described further
                       strategies to reduce virus transmission are    in Section 8.
                       disrupting food and health systems and
                                                                      Key priorities: SUN 3.0 emphasises impact
                       overloading social protection systems,
                                                                      on nutrition at the country level and
                       with severe socio-economic impacts.
                                                                      country leadership in addressing all forms
                       The combined effects of COVID-19 itself,

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01 Executive summary                                                                                SUN Strategy 3.0   4

                        of malnutrition. This includes supporting         and ensure such promotion, alignment
                        nutrition-specific and nutrition-sensitive        and mutual accountability is realised.
                        actions through strengthened food,                In fragile and conflict-affected states
                        health and social protection systems, and         (FCAS),    where   the     government
                        with a focus on gender and economic               may be unwilling or unable to lead,
                        equity.                                           SUN partners shall work together
                                                                          in collaboration with humanitarian
                        The SUN Movement urges all stakeholders
                                                                          actors and include them in any multi-
                        to adopt, own and deliver collectively
                                                                          stakeholder platforms.
                        developed      strategic   objectives    as
                        immediate priorities. All parts of the         Since the outset, the Movement has
                        Movement – member governments, the             aspired to achieve an empowered and
                        four SUN networks, the SUN Movement            elevated nutrition coordination position
                        Coordinator,     the     SUN    Movement       and structure led by government and
                        Secretariat, the SUN Movement Executive        supported by a multi-stakeholder team
                        Committee and the SUN Movement                 in each country. In this Strategy, the
                        Lead Group – are expected to step up in        term ‘country coordinator’ refers to the
                        equal measure and intensify their efforts      responsibility for and function of nutrition
                        to accelerate the delivery of nutrition        coordination in SUN member countries
                        outcomes at scale, and to work together to     and the institutional arrangements
                        align and focus those efforts on priorities    to ensure empowered and adequate
                        within countries. Opportunities such as        support. Countries may decide to adopt
                        the Nutrition for Growth (N4G) Summit          this title or to retain the title of focal point.
                        offer an important chance for countries        However, for the purposes of this Strategy,
                        and donors to recommit to scaling up           the position is generically referred to as
                        nutrition action and resources.                country coordinator. SUN 3.0 encourages
                                                                       flexibility for countries in determining the
                        The SUN 3.0 Strategy sets out four
                                                                       appropriate shape and terminology that
                        strategic objectives as reflected in the
                                                                       these roles and arrangements take in
                        SUN 3.0 strategy framework (theory of
                                                                       different country contexts.
                        change):
                                                                       The Strategy sets out the financing needs
                        1) Strengthen and sustain strong policy
                                                                       for countries to be able to scale up actions,
                           and advocacy environments at the
                                                                       accompanied by a call for enhancing
                           subnational, national, regional and
                                                                       the efficiency of current spending,
                           global levels to position nutrition
                                                                       and emphasising the need to leverage
                           outcomes as a key maker and marker
                                                                       additional resources from domestic
                           of sustainable development.
                                                                       budgets, donor partners, private investors
                        2) Develop and align shared country            and innovative sources (i.e., ‘more money
                           priorities for action.                      for nutrition’ and ‘more nutrition for the
                        3) Build    and    strengthen       country    money’).
                           capacity to develop, prioritise, finance,   The Strategy also details the proposed
                           implement      and    track      country    governance approach and the need for
                           actions     through      strengthened       clear accountability mechanisms. These
                           technical assistance and knowledge          will be developed in the operational
                           management.                                 planning phase, together with revised
                        4) Ensure governance of SUN that               terms of reference, to support the shift
                           promotes country leadership and             from SUN 2.0 to SUN 3.0 and manage
                           responsibilities   of    government,        potential conflicts of interest across all
                           aligns the resources of all Movement        duty bearers and stakeholders, including
                           stakeholders behind country priorities,     national and subnational governments,
                           strengthens mutual accountability           global partners, networks (Civil Society,
                           between Movement stakeholders and           United Nations, Business, Donors and
                           to those most at risk of malnutrition,      potentially Academia), the Lead Group,
                           with robust mechanisms to encourage         the SUN Coordinator, the Executive
                                                                       Committee and the SUN Secretariat.

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01 Executive summary                                                                                             SUN Strategy 3.0    5

TABLE 1: Strategic shifts from SUN 2.0 to SUN 3.0

              SUN 2.0                                  SUN 3.0                                    Commentary
 Someone else (e.g., the Secretariat)   You (and we) are all SUN                   Stronger ownership: everyone steps up to
 is SUN                                                                            meet SUN 3.0 objectives

 Definition of success: “all            Definition of success: “actors across      A shift from a focus on advocacy and setting
 countries will continuously            the Movement demonstrate that              up multi-stakeholder platforms to a focus on
 improve country planning               their individual and collective efforts    nutrition results at national/subnational levels
 and implementation to end              contribute clearly to accelerating
 malnutrition; mobilise, advocate       nutrition results through systemic
 and communicate for impact; and        change at the national and
 strengthen capacity for multi-         subnational levels and to saving lives
 sectoral and multi-stakeholder         and increasing resilience in countries
 collaboration at all levels”           affected by fragility and conflict”

 Intended to be country-led             Country-driven, country-led, country-      A stronger focus on country leadership is
                                        owned                                      reflected in the proposed new governance
                                                                                   arrangements. The composition of the
                                        ‘Walking the talk’ on country leadership
                                                                                   leadership and governance structures more
                                                                                   purposefully reflects the spirit of ‘country-
                                                                                   owned, country-led’

 Individual focal points nominated      An empowered senior country                A major departure from SUN 2.0 to empower
 by national governments were           coordinator and multi-stakeholder          and support countries to be able to lead, act
 responsible for country-level          platform team with the authority           at scale and accelerate progress. Countries
 coordination; however, they did not    to lead coordination, incentivise          will determine the institutional system that
 feel empowered/ supported to play      integration and align stakeholders,        is right for their contexts, supported at the
 this role                              and to facilitate the empowerment of       highest levels, and provide political and
                                        the powerless (voices of malnourished      technical leadership for nutrition
                                        women and children, youth, minority
                                        groups, humanitarian actors)

 Focus on undernutrition                Scope of focus expanded to all forms       An emphasis on all forms of malnutrition
 (stunting, wasting, micronutrient      of malnutrition (stunting, wasting,        based on stakeholder consultations and
 deficiencies)                          micronutrient deficiencies, and            changing epidemiology
                                        overweight and obesity)

 Knowledge and technical                More strategic knowledge                   An explicit focus on technical assistance for
 assistance provided                    management and technical                   mobilising financial resources
                                        assistance available to countries on
                                        demand

 Progress made in areas such as         Focused and proactive approaches to        A significant shift towards proactively
 financial tracking and budget          financing nutrition action                 leveraging financing for nutrition, with
 analysis                                                                          stronger links between advocacy and
                                                                                   financing

 SUN Movement governance                Executive Committee steps up to play       Based on recommendations from the Mid-
 led by the Lead Group, which           a stronger governance role                 term Review, Strategic Review and guidance
 had high turnover and met                                                         from Lead Group in September 2019
 infrequently

 SUN Movement Secretariat               Global support system capacity and         To be finalised in the operationalisation phase
 capacities tailored to SUN 2.0         skill sets upgraded to reflect SUN 3.0
                                        priorities

 Strategy process built on the          Strategy developed through a highly        Building on recommendations from the SUN
 SUN Independent Comprehensive          consultative and inclusive process         Independent Comprehensive Evaluation,
 Evaluation through a highly                                                       Mid-term Review and Strategic Review and
 consultative and inclusive process                                                stakeholder consultations

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01 Executive summary                                                                         SUN Strategy 3.0   6

                            FIGURE 1: Strategic shifts from SUN 2.0 to SUN 3.0

                                      The SUN                  Definition of               Consultative process
                                     Movement                 success: From              building on Independent
                                    working as a              strengthening                   Comprehensive
                                 team rather than           processes to results           Evaluation, Mid-term
                                   a collection of            on the ground              Review, Strategic Review
                                       entities                                          and country stakeholder
                                                                                                  inputs

Re-orient
capacities of                         From weak                                             Country ownership:
SUN Movement                    governance to clearer                                          From intent to
country and global                and more effective
                                lines of accountability
                                                             Strategic                      investible nutrition
                                                                                            priorities backed by
support structures
(including the SUN                   and stronger              shifts                       committed political
Secretariat, global                 governance by                                            and institutional
networks) for                   Executive Committee                                                systems
SUN 3.0

                                 Technical assistance                                      Country leadership:
                                   and knowledge                                           From overstretched
                                    management:             From undernutrition               focal points to
                                increasingly organisec     to a focus on all forms             an engaged
                                   around country              of malnutrition               and capacitated
                                     priorities and                                        leadership, country
                                embedding a systems                                          coordinator and
                                       approach                                               support team

                            The process: The Strategy development       transparent and inclusive as a Movement
                            process has built on SUN 2.0 and            with the need for urgency demanded by
                            recommendations from the Mid-term           changing events. Operationalisation of
                            Review (2018) and the Strategic Review      the Strategy will be set out in separate
                            (2019–2020). It has been informed by        plans, including a change management
                            a wide consultation process among           process, and will reflect the strategic
                            SUN stakeholders and has combined           shifts outlined in Table 1.
                            the importance of being consultative,

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02 Introduction: A changing external and internal context                                                       SUN Strategy 3.0   7

02 Introduction
                        A changing external and internal context

                        Who is SUN?                                            Why a new Strategy?
                        ‘We’ are all SUN. Anyone who cares about               The SUN Movement requires a new
                        nutrition and is willing to take effective             Strategy to guide and accelerate progress
                        action, while adhering to SUN principles,              in its third phase. The Strategy must
                        is SUN. SUN exists for the communities                 build on the Movement’s progress and
                        and people at risk of malnutrition. While              achievements over the last decade,
                        governments are responsible for ensuring               respond to the lessons learnt and
                        adequate nutrition for their populations,              feedback from the Movement, and
                        all SUN stakeholders have an obligation                adapt to new challenges and changing
                        to align behind and support these efforts              contexts. By revisioning its future, the
                        and ensure accountability to those at risk             SUN Movement can be fit for purpose in a
                        of malnutrition.                                       changing world.
                        SUN     includes    every      government              Two independent evaluations, together
                        member of SUN; every individual,                       with feedback gathered at the 2019 SUN
                        business, organisation, or independent                 Global Gathering, inform the priorities
                        humanitarian and development actor                     and thinking for the next phase of SUN
                        that is a member of a SUN network at                   (2021–2025).1 Annex 1 summarises the
                        the country or global level; every member              approaches and issues identified in SUN
                        of the Lead Group and the Executive                    external assessments.
                        Committee, and the organisations they
                                                                               Much has been achieved under SUN
                        represent; the SUN Coordinator; and the
                                                                               2.0. The Movement has facilitated the
                        SUN Movement Secretariat.
                                                                               establishment of institutional homes for
                        SUN is a Movement – not an organisation,               nutrition within governments through
                        development programme or financing                     the creation of multi-stakeholder, multi-
                        mechanism. Its members currently                       sectoral platforms, and through the
                        include 62 countries, four states in India,            development of nutrition plans and
                        four networks, at least 14 government and              analyses of national nutrition budgets
                        philanthropic donors, two development                  (see Annex 2). Notable successes in the
                        banks, 16 United Nations agencies, more                second phase include:
                        than 3,000 civil society organisations
                                                                               •   42 SUN countries have a national
                        and over 800 small, medium and large
                                                                                   nutrition plan, 36 of which have
                        businesses.
                                                                                   developed action plans to achieve the
                                                                                   goals set out in their national nutrition
                                                                                   plans.

                           1  These include the Mid-term review (2017–2018) of the SUN 2.0 Strategy and the Strategic Review (2019–
                           2020).

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02 Introduction: A changing external and internal context                                                       SUN Strategy 3.0   8

                         •   55 SUN countries have an active                        keynote addresses at high-level events
                             national multi-stakeholder platform,2                  (e.g., the SUN Global Gathering and
                             while 42 SUN countries are working                     the Tokyo International Conference on
                             with key actors across sectors at the                  African Development).
                             subnational level (local governments
                                                                                 Key findings of the 2018 Mid-term
                             and officials, grassroots organisations,
                                                                                 Review and the 2020 Strategic Review
                             local businesses and development
                                                                                 are highlighted in Box 1. The findings
                             partners).
                                                                                 indicate the need for the SUN Movement
                         •   30 SUN countries have a monitoring                  to re-orientate to be more country-led,
                             and evaluation framework, while                     country-driven    and     action-oriented.
                             50 SUN countries have completed a                   The SUN Movement must be rooted in
                             national budget tracking exercise.                  country structures, supported by a global
                                                                                 system that is equally country-focused
                         •   The Youth Leaders for Nutrition
                                                                                 and supporting countries to finance and
                             programme          was        developed,
                                                                                 drive needs-based, context-appropriate
                             empowering 13 young champions to
                                                                                 and evidence-based nutrition actions at
                             advocate for nutrition in their countries,
                                                                                 scale.
                             including through community and
                             youth training programmes and

       Box 1: Highlights from the Mid-term Review and Strategic Review
       “In conclusion, the findings show that the SUN Movement has many strengths, but it has more
       to do if it is to seriously ‘move the needle’ on the many issues that its members face in improving
       nutrition. This requires more attention to the following:
       — Good practice in delivery of known interventions
       — Experimenting with and evaluating new approaches
       — Increasing investment both by SUN member countries and by international partners in
         nutrition- specific and nutrition-sensitive measures
       — Improving the alignment and harmonisation of financial and technical resources in support
         of interventions that are likely to be effective.
       Mutual accountability, stronger governance that pays greater attention to country impact,
       engagement of both SUN member countries and of international partners at the level of senior
       decision makers and improved learning and knowledge sharing all have their part to play in
       this.” (Mid-term Review, 2018)
       “As SUN’s second phase draws to a close, there is a need to reorient the locus of power and
       decision-making and the focus of the Movement towards SUN member countries.”
       “We urge the Movement to respond with the same innovation and boldness that characterised
       its inception.”
       “The goal of being country-driven, country-led and country-centred will need to be reflected
       in how the Movement is structured and operates, not just in what it articulates as its strategic
       priorities or principles.” (Strategic Review, 2020)
          Source: MQSUN+ 2018 and MQSUN+ 2020

                             2   Multi-stakeholder platforms in all countries seek to ensure multi-sectoral government engagement
                             by having representation from a range of ministries. Stakeholder groups outside the government are also
                             represented.

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02 Introduction: A changing external and internal context                                                       SUN Strategy 3.0   9

                        Facing the challenges                                       gender inequalities and human rights
                                                                                    in access to power, food and health care.
                        The SUN Movement has made important                         Unequal nutrition outcomes within
                        strides in raising the visibility of nutrition              nations are rooted in deeper inequities
                        within global and national agendas and                      arising from unjust systems and
                        enhancing the status of nutrition in                        structures affecting people’s daily living
                        global health and development priorities,                   conditions. Significant progress has been
                        such as the WHA targets, the SDGs and                       made in measuring nutrition inequalities,
                        the United Nations Decade of Action on                      but efforts to address them remain
                        Nutrition.3 Despite this progress, globally,                weak (Development Initiatives, 2020).
                        no country is on track to meet all six of                   Persistent inequities take considerable
                        the WHA nutrition targets and only eight                    effort and time to change; therefore, the
                        countries are on track to meet four of the                  role of independent humanitarian action
                        targets. For stunting, 31 of 76 countries are               to address the immediate and mid-
                        on track to meet the target; for wasting, 40                term nutritional consequences of these
                        of 79 countries are on track; for exclusive                 inequities is vital. The independence,
                        breastfeeding, 33 of 71 countries are on                    competencies and experience of national
                        track; and no countries are on track to                     and international humanitarian actors
                        meet the anaemia or overweight targets.                     must be protected and included in the
                        These challenges are greater in fragile                     SUN Movement approach to combating
                        contexts, particularly in areas of conflict                 malnutrition in all its forms.
                        (Development Initiatives, 2020).
                        The triple burden of malnutrition,                          Emerging threats and
                        characterised    by    the      coexistence                 opportunities
                        of    undernutrition     (stunting      and
                        wasting),    micronutrient     deficiencies,                Climate change threatens nutrition
                        and overweight and obesity, has risen                       through the seasonality of infections,
                        dramatically in recent years. Most                          cropping patterns and the diminishing
                        countries experience at least two forms                     micronutrient content of foods. Climate
                        of malnutrition (Development Initiatives,                   change is increasing our vulnerability
                        2020). More than 70 per cent of people                      to humanitarian crises, with the world’s
                        with overweight and obesity live in low-                    eight worst food crises all linked to both
                        or middle-income countries, and as                          conflict and climate shocks (OCHA, 2020).
                        economies grow, the burden of obesity                       However, responding to these threats
                        shifts to the poor (Shekar and Popkin,                      is also an opportunity to form strong
                        2020)"mendeley":{"formattedCitation":"(M                    alliances with the climate community and
                        Shekar and B Popkin, 2020. An enabling                      look for ‘triple-duty actions’ that address
                        environment – to make it easier for                         the syndemic of undernutrition, obesity
                        people to make healthy food choices –                       and climate concerns (Swinburn and
                        is essential. Governments can provide                       others, 2019). Awareness of the importance
                        positive    incentives   to     responsible                 of food systems is increasing and a United
                        businesses to build affordable and                          Nations Food Systems Summit planned
                        healthy food markets. They can also pass                    for 2021 is an opportunity to demonstrate
                        regulations to curb and end irresponsible                   the value of nutrition to other audiences.
                        business nutrition practices, including the                 The COVID-19 pandemic has interrupted
                        production, marketing and promotion of                      the delivery and scale-up of nutrition
                        products containing high levels of added                    interventions, strained food systems and
                        sugar, salt and saturated and trans fats                    health care, and devastated livelihoods
                        (AlphaBeta, 2016).4                                         and economies. There is a serious risk
                        Action to improve nutrition cannot achieve                  that the pandemic could wipe out years
                        lasting success without addressing                          of development progress, with profound
                                                                                    consequences for nutrition. Moreover,

                            3 For more information, see the Global Targets 2025
02 Introduction: A changing external and internal context                                       SUN Strategy 3.0   10

                         malnutrition may exacerbate the impacts      make the case for investing in nutrition.
                         of COVID-19: undernutrition compromises      More than ever, it is time to work with
                         the body’s immunity, and emerging            policymakers and businesses to avert
                         evidence suggests that obesity may           the harsh COVID-related consequences
                         predispose individuals to the most serious   of rising diet-related non-communicable
                         impacts of COVID-19.                         diseases and obesity, and to protect the
                                                                      nutrition of mothers, infants and young
                         The pandemic makes it essential for SUN
                                                                      children in the first 1,000 days of life
                         members to keep nutrition high on global
                                                                      (Wellesley and others, 2020). These actions
                         and national agendas to protect the most
                                                                      are critical to prevent the pandemic
                         vulnerable, make health, food and social
                                                                      from cascading across generations by
                         protection systems work for nutrition,
                                                                      compromising human capital.
                         prioritise evidence-informed actions and

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03 SUN 3.0: A Strategy to accelerate nutrition action and systemic change, 2021–2025                              SUN Strategy 3.0   11

03 SUN 3.0:
                        A Strategy to accelerate nutrition action
                        and systemic change, 2021–2025

                        SUN 3.0 will be country-led and country-                       SO2: Develop and align shared country
                        driven. SUN has always been country-                                priorities for action. This will
                        driven in its aspirations and intent, but has                       help focus, catalyse and align the
                        not yet fully achieved this in execution,                           resources of the entire Movement
                        as articulated by the Mid-term Review                               to deliver a manageable set of
                        and the Strategic Review. Becoming                                  actions that advance the nutrition
                        more country-led and country-driven will                            status of all. Country priorities come
                        accelerate progress towards the nutrition                           from and build on existing national
                        outcomes desperately needed to meet                                 nutrition plans, where they exist.
                        the WHA and SDG nutrition targets. SUN
                                                                                       SO3: Build and strengthen country
                        3.0 will focus and align the Movement’s
                                                                                            capacity to develop, prioritise,
                        energy where it is needed most.
                                                                                            finance, implement and track
                        A behavioural shift – from words to                                 country      actions      through
                        action – will need to take place to make                            strengthened technical assistance
                        this happen. All parts of the Movement                              and    knowledge     management.
                        will share the vision to support and help                           Knowledge     management       and
                        realise country leadership and priorities.                          technical  assistance   will   also
                        All organisations and institutions – at                             demonstrate the SUN Movement’s
                        the country and global level – will ask                             value addition, both to nutrition
                        themselves (and be asked): are we                                   outcomes and to the conditions and
                        supporting a given country’s current                                actions needed to generate those
                        action plan? If not, why? SUN values                                outcomes.
                        teamwork without egos, accomplishment
                                                                                       SO4: Ensure governance of SUN that
                        without logos, and mutual accountability
                                                                                            promotes country leadership and
                        mechanisms to build trust (see Section 5:
                                                                                            responsibilities of government,
                        ‘Governance and operations’).
                                                                                            aligns the resources of all
                                                                                            Movement stakeholders behind
                        SUN 3.0 strategic objectives                                        country priorities, strengthens
                        SUN 3.0 will be more country-led and                                mutual accountability between
                        country-driven by achieving four strategic                          Movement stakeholders and to
                        objectives (SOs).                                                   those most at risk of malnutrition,
                                                                                            with robust mechanisms to
                        SO1: Strengthen and sustain strong                                  encourage and ensure such
                             policy and advocacy environments                               promotion, alignment and mutual
                             at     the  subnational,   national,                           accountability is realised. In FCAS,
                             regional and global levels to                                  where the government may be
                             position nutrition outcomes as a key                           unwilling or unable to lead, SUN
                             maker and marker of sustainable                                Movement members shall work
                             development. This will increase the                            together in collaboration with
                             likelihood of generating additional                            humanitarian actors and include
                             resources and political capital to                             them in any multi-stakeholder
                             accelerate nutrition improvement.                              platforms.

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03 SUN 3.0: A Strategy to accelerate nutrition action and systemic change, 2021–2025                                 SUN Strategy 3.0   12

                         Figure 2 summarises the SUN 3.0                                Key suggestions and ideas for advancing
                         strategic objectives and is based upon the                     private sector engagement through SUN
                         principle that collective, consistent and                      3.0 are as follows and elaborated in Annex
                         evidence-based action by all stakeholders                      3:
                         leads to an acceleration in improved
                                                                                        •   Emphasise the importance of a food
                         nutrition    outcomes      and    systemic
                                                                                            systems approach, including food
                         change at national and subnational
                                                                                            fortification, to increase access to healthy
                         levels. This approach is more effective
                                                                                            diets; and emphasise the underlying
                         than fragmented, individual actions.
                                                                                            importance of consumer demand and
                         The summary describes the essential
                                                                                            consumer purchasing power to diet
                         requirements for achieving each strategic
                                                                                            quality.
                         objective and the roles and responsibilities
                         required of each entity.                                       •   Support small and medium enterprises
                                                                                            to produce and sell more locally or
                         Figure 3 presents the strategy framework
                                                                                            regionally produced nutritious foods
                         for SUN 3.0 (theory of change) and the
                                                                                            and secure their access to markets
                         key elements for delivering the SUN 3.0
                                                                                            (Monitor Deloitte, 2019).
                         outcomes and vision.
                                                                                        •   Diversify the approach to the private
                         Box 2 describes the fundamental, non-
                                                                                            sector and unlock the potential of retail,
                         negotiable basis for effective nutrition
                                                                                            logistics, marketing, communications
                         action that is vital for success and upon
                                                                                            and other non-food sectors (e.g., soap
                         which SUN action is based. Governments
                                                                                            and hygiene product manufacturers)
                         of SUN member countries and all actors
                                                                                            to mobilise resources and improve
                         who support them at the national and
                                                                                            access to healthy diets.
                         global levels must address these systemic
                         drivers of malnutrition.                                       •   Integrate these considerations in the
                                                                                            commitments of the SUN Business
                                                                                            Network.

                            5 For more information, see 

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03 SUN 3.0: A Strategy to accelerate nutrition action and systemic change, 2021–2025          SUN Strategy 3.0   13

      Box 2: Fundamental basis for effective nutrition action
      SUN works to strengthen partnerships between all stakeholders to achieve greater impacts on
      nutrition. The key enabling conditions for effective nutrition action are:
      — Food systems that deliver healthy, accessible, affordable and sustainable foods
      — Health systems that provide quality nutrition services for all, including in hard-to-reach areas
      — Social protection systems that integrate nutrition outcomes, particularly those focusing on
        the first 1,000 days from conception to age 2 years
      — A private sector – including food and non-food businesses (large, medium, small) – that
        shifts its resource base/core business towards improved nutrition and aligns with global and
        national norms
      — Girls’ education, which is crucial to an improved nutrition legacy
      — Safe drinking water and sanitation and hygiene services, which support improved nutrition
        outcomes
      — An understanding that improved nutrition leads to gender equality and that improved
        gender equality leads to improved nutrition
      — Placing nutrition at the forefront of tackling the climate crisis on national and international
        agendas
      — Initiatives to end poverty and address structural inequalities that deliver improved nutrition
        and efforts to address malnutrition that deliver economic and social benefits
      — Promoting and protecting independent humanitarian spaces and humanitarian actors to
        provide impartial needs-based assistance and humanitarian assistance leveraged to deliver
        nutrition in FCAS and other humanitarian contexts
      — Promoting civil society and community-based organisations to ensure that community
        voices are heard
      Key commitments in delivering SUN 3.0 are:
      — Driving equity in support of ‘leaving no one behind’, including responding to the call for action
        on gender equality, diversity, and women’s empowerment so that all SUN Movement actors
        can re-orient their work, translating gender equality and empowerment commitments into
        action and results at the country level. Gender equality should be reflected in SUN governance
        structures at all levels.5
      — Building on the success of the SUN Civil Society Network Youth Leaders for Nutrition
        programme by enshrining youth leadership across the Movement and incorporating youth
        into all SUN governance structures. This will be developed in the operationalisation phase in
        collaboration with young people, including the Youth Leaders for Nutrition.
      — Ensuring the inclusion of humanitarian actors, humanitarian donors and civil society that are
        required to deliver nutrition assistance impartially and independently to those most in need,
        in conflict situations and other humanitarian settings.

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FIGURE 2: Summary of SUN 3.0 strategic objectives
                                                                                Shared vision, principles of engagement, and ways of working

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                                                          Strategic objective 1: Strengthen and sustain strong policy and advocacy to position nutrition outcomes

          Country coordinator (CC) positioned      Create regional peer learning           SUN Movement Secretariat (SMS), global networks,         SMS, SC, global networks support country-level advocacy for
          in strategic and institutionalised       platforms for country stakeholders      SUN coordinator (SC) support the CC and country          nutrition and the country priorities. Lead Group (LG), Executive
          government structure to allow            to promote sharing and dialogue         stakeholders to develop and implement priorities.        Committee (ExCom), SC, SMS and global networks undertake
          maximum leveraging of resources          via links to existing regional bodies   Focus on aligning resources, building country            advocacy at all levels to promote nutrition action in line with
          and influence for nutrition action                                               capacities and mobilising financial resources            broad country priorities—in their organisations and ecosystems

                                                                         Strategic objective 2: Develop and align shared country priorities for action

          Accelerated           More countries          Accelerated progress in nutrition      Country priorities           Commitments to country         Country priorities         Led by CC, country-level
          progress towards      make faster             actions: policy, legislation,          implemented by country-      priorities agreed by           developed, with            stakeholders (governments,
          achieving all         progress towards        finance and coverage, enabled          level stakeholders working   country-level stakeholders     outcomes, targets,         donors, United Nations, civil
          SDGs, especially      WHA nutrition           by strengthened policy, legislation    together, supported          (government, donors, UN,       outputs, inputs and        society, business) join together
          SDG2                  targets                 and improved resource allocation to    proactively by all SUN       civil society, business) and   costings                   to develop country priorities
                                                        nutrition action                       stakeholders                 global

                                                   Strategic objective 3: Build and strengthen country capacity with technical assistance and knowledge management

          Monitoring of the development and                   Annual reporting on progress        Lessons learnt and new knowledge        Mutual accountability: annual 360       Review of country progress
          implementation of country priorities is             against priorities, led by CC,      proactively used, exchanged             – degree light touch performance        towards WHA, SDG and other
          led and facilitated by the CC, supported by         to country stakeholders and         and translated into policies            assessment of all SUN Movement          targets and SUN added value,
          country stakeholders and SMS, leveraging            ExCom, SC, networks and SMS         and strategies for advocacy and         entities implemented                    shared with CC, networks, SC,
                                                                                                                                                                                                                         03 SUN 3.0: A Strategy to accelerate nutrition action and systemic change, 2021–2025

          joint annual assessments                                                                programming                                                                     ExCom, LG, and SMS

                       Strategic objective 4: Ensure SUN governance promotes country leadership and government responsibilities, aligns resources and strengthens mutual accountabilities

          Country coordination team           Global networks                 SMS                                 ExCom                                     SUN Movement Coordinator           LG

          Accountable to government           Accountable to their            Accountable to Coordinator for:     Accountable to the LG and entire          Accountable to United Nations      Accountable to the
          and the country coordinator for:    members, steering                                                   Movement for:                             Secretary-General, LG chair,       entire Movement for:
                                              committees, SC and              • Articulating and amplifying the                                             working closely with ExCom
          • Leading inclusive                 ExCom for:                        needs of countries to design      • Providing strategic direction           for:                               • Overall leadership
            development and review of                                           and implement priorities                                                                                         and guidance for
            country priorities                • Organising work                                                   • Reviewing and supporting                • Execution of the SUN               all parts of the
                                                to support country            • Improving coordinated               country progress                          strategy at the global level       Movement
          • Lead oversight of execution         prioritisation via              advocacy and communications
            of country priorities                                               at the global and country level   • Supporting the performance              • Contributing to setting the      • Nutrition
                                                technical assistance,                                               of the Secretariat and global
                                                capacity-building,                                                                                            strategic direction as an ex       leadership within
          • Leveraging financial and                                          • Supporting country processes        networks                                  officio member                     their respective
            political support and               advocacy and                    to deliver country priorities
                                                knowledge mobilisation                                            • Supporting SC, SMS and network                                               organisations and
            knowledge, as well as                                                                                                                           • Leveraging assets of the LG        at the highest
            evidence and technical                                            • Facilitating support to meet        leadership in fundraising for SUN
                                              • Mobilising financial            country needs through               support system                          • Leading and supporting             political levels
            assistance to support country       resources and capacities                                                                                                                         to promote
            priorities                                                          resources from Movement                                                       fundraising for SMS and
                                                (donors responsible for         members                           • Providing fiduciary oversight of          networks, with ExCom               investment in and
          • Ensuring the tracking of            collectively funding well-                                          SUN infrastructure                        support                            action for nutrition
                                                                                                                                                                                                                         SUN Strategy 3.0

            progress against priorities         defined priorities)           • Supporting proactive
                                                                                knowledge management              • Managing membership of ExCom
                                                                                                                    and LG
                                                                                                                                                                                                                         14
FIGURE 3: Strategy framework for the third phase (theory of change)

                                    By 2030, a world free from malnutrition in all its forms. Led by countries and governments, supported by organisations and
               VISION          individuals – collective action ensures every child, adolescent, mother and family can realise their right to food and nutrition, reach their
                                                                     full potential and shape sustainable and prosperous societies.

                GOAL                                        Speeding up progress towards WHA global targets on all forms of malnutrition

                                   Outcome 1: Greater priority given to nutrition in national                       Outcome 2: Country priorities scaled up
             OUTCOMES                                  development

                                1: Strengthen and sustain          2: Develop and align shared           3: Build and strengthen              4: Ensure SUN governance
                               strong policy and advocacy          country priorities for action      country capacity with technical             promotes country
            STRATEGIC           environments to position                                                assistance and knowledge             leadership and government
            OBJECTIVES              nutrition outcomes                                                         management                  responsibilities, aligns resources
                                                                                                                                               and strengthens mutual
                                                                                                                                                   accountabilities

                                Collective, coherent and evidence-based action leads to accelerated improvement in nutrition outcomes and systemic change at the
                                                                                                                                                                                                                     03 SUN 3.0: A Strategy to accelerate nutrition action and systemic change, 2021–2025

             APPROACH                                                             national and subnational levels

                              • Food systems deliver healthy, accessible, affordable and sustainable foods
                              • Health systems provide quality nutrition services for all, including in hard-to-reach areas
                              • Social protection systems integrate nutrition outcomes, particularly those focusing on the first 1,000 days, from conception to two
                                years of age
                              • Private sector (including large, medium and small food and non-food businesses) shifts its resource base/core business towards
                                improved nutrition and aligns with global and national norms
                              • Girls education is crucial to an improved nutrition legacy
                                                                                                                                                                                OVERARCHING GUIDING PRINCIPLES (7)

           FUNDAMENTAL
              BASIS           • Safe drinking water and sanitation and hygiene services support improved nutrition outcomes
                              • Improved nutrition leads to gender equality and improved gender equality leads to improved nutrition
                              • Nutrition placed at the forefront of tackling the climate crisis on national and international agendas
                              • Independent humanitarian space and humanitarian actors are promoted and protected to provide impartial needs-based assistance
                                and humanitarian assistance leveraged to deliver nutrition in countries affected by fragility and conflict and other humanitarian
                                contexts
                                                                                                                                                                                                                         SUN Strategy 3.0

                              • Promotion of civil society and community-based organisations to ensure community voices are heard
                                                                                                                                                                                                                         15

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03 SUN 3.0: A Strategy to accelerate nutrition action and systemic change, 2021–2025                              SUN Strategy 3.0   16

                         Priorities for each of the SUN 3.0                             development. This will not always be
                         strategic objectives                                           possible, however, and countries will
                                                                                        determine the appropriate location based
                         SO1: Strengthen and sustain strong                             on their specific context. The country
                         policy and advocacy environments                               coordinator is someone who can mobilise
                                                                                        action across government ministries, at
                         An enabling environment for nutrition
                                                                                        the national and subnational levels, and
                         places nutrition firmly within global
                                                                                        across different stakeholder groups, and
                         and country development initiatives
                                                                                        would have the required resources to do
                         and plans (see Box 3, ‘Sierra Leone’ and
                                                                                        so. An active web of support would be
                         ‘the Philippines’). This (a) reinforces the
                                                                                        built up around the country coordinator’s
                         centrality of nutrition for sustainable
                                                                                        office, comprising national, regional
                         development; (b) secures domestic
                                                                                        and global stakeholders. Ministerial
                         financing for nutrition; (c) ensures
                                                                                        responsibility for the work and support of
                         strong nutrition policies and legislation
                                                                                        the country coordinator and any technical
                         are in place on vital issues, such as the
                                                                                        staff will be decided within each country
                         International Code of Marketing of Breast-
                                                                                        context. Parliaments also have a role in
                         milk Substitutes, maternity protection,
                                                                                        helping countries prioritise nutrition in
                         the right to food, and mandatory food
                                                                                        their development agenda, including
                         fortification; and (d) promotes links with
                                                                                        investments. In 2019, multi-stakeholder
                         broader economic and social policies,
                                                                                        nutrition platforms were engaging with
                         such as housing, labour, urban planning,
                                                                                        parliaments in 45 countries, while 15
                         transport, gender, education and social
                                                                                        SUN member countries had dedicated
                         protection, in order to achieve more
                                                                                        national parliamentary networks.
                         equitable nutrition outcomes for all. There
                         is an urgent need to develop strategies                        The country coordinator function is
                         for embedding nutrition actions into                           intended to be a more empowered
                         resource allocation decisions relating to                      position. The empowerment derives from
                         COVID-19 responses.                                            the support given to the coordinator from
                                                                                        their government and all parts of the
                         Country leadership for nutrition is
                                                                                        Movement and reflects the convening
                         nurtured and sustained through the
                                                                                        power and resources needed to fulfil
                         establishment of a strong institutional
                                                                                        the function successfully. SUN partners
                         home        for    nutrition      within     the
                                                                                        will align behind country priorities,
                         government. In this Strategy, the term
                                                                                        including     through     existing   multi-
                         ‘country coordinator’ is used to describe
                                                                                        stakeholder platforms, and this will be
                         the responsibility for and function of
                                                                                        enforced by the SUN governance and
                         nutrition coordination in countries and
                                                                                        accountability mechanisms that support
                         the institutional arrangements for that
                                                                                        the country coordinator. In contexts with
                         support. Countries may decide to adopt
                                                                                        an active nutrition cluster/coordination
                         this title or to retain the title of focal point.
                                                                                        mechanism,       the     multi-stakeholder
                         At the country level, governments should
                                                                                        platform should include the cluster in
                         ensure that the country coordinator
                                                                                        the platform in a fully functional manner.
                         position and structure are sufficiently
                                                                                        Annex 4 includes the generic terms of
                         elevated and empowered to effectively
                                                                                        reference for the country coordinator to
                         position      nutrition     within      national
                                                                                        be tailored to each country context.
                         development priorities.
                                                                                        The country coordinator, with support
                         The country coordinator and the
                                                                                        from country stakeholders across sectors,
                         supporting team have the potential to be
                                                                                        will converge and align actions at the
                         key agents of change in SUN 3.0. Ideally,
                                                                                        subnational level, mobilise resources and
                         the office of the country coordinator would
                                                                                        scale up effective actions. These efforts
                         be located within a high government
                                                                                        will draw on evidence and experience,
                         office (e.g., within Planning, Finance,
                                                                                        both nationally and from other countries,
                         Coordination, Prime Minister/President’s
                                                                                        driven by equity principles. A recent review
                         Office) and would be empowered to
                                                                                        of subnational collaboration from 14 case
                         coordinate across line ministries to reflect
                                                                                        studies highlights important lessons, such
                         the centrality of nutrition for sustainable

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03 SUN 3.0: A Strategy to accelerate nutrition action and systemic change, 2021–2025                           SUN Strategy 3.0   17

                        as situating leadership of national and                        decision-making;      and    advocacy,
                        subnational multi-stakeholder platforms;                       community mobilisation, convergence of
                        creating incentives for collaboration                          services, financing and monitoring and
                        through policy coherence; promoting                            evaluation.6
                        decentralisation and autonomy for

      Box 3: Sierra Leone: Community-level nutrition advocacy to create an
      enabling environment for nutrition
      FOCUS 1000, an NGO, has played a critical role in strengthening the policy and advocacy
      environment for nutrition in Sierra Leone. The organisation is a SUN pooled fund grant recipient,
      and works with over 6,000 religious leaders, 10,000 traditional healers, 4,000 market women,
      70 media practitioners and 180 community-based organisations, specialising in advocacy
      and awareness-raising, capacity development, community engagement and evidence-based
      research.
      FOCUS 1000 increases linkages and synergies between community health workers and nutrition
      service providers from district to community levels, thereby strengthening community-based
      services. In partnership with the Government, United Nations agencies and the SUN Movement
      Secretariat, FOCUS 1000 is championing the legislation of a bill to regulate the marketing of
      breastmilk substitutes in Sierra Leone. FOCUS 1000 has also convened leaders of different faiths
      to work respectfully together.
      Sierra Leone has made improvements in nutrition data quality, with the support of Focus 1000.
      Between 2017–2018, as part of the CHANGES Consortium (supported by the United Kingdom
      Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office (FCDO)) to improve the quality, availability
      and accessibility of reproductive, maternal, newborn and child health services, FOCUS 1000
      supported the Ministry of Health and Sanitation to improve the quality and timeliness of data
      collection and reporting from health facilities and communities. With this support, the data
      collection and reporting system transformed from a paper-based to a digital system with
      significant improvements in both quality and timeliness of submissions.
      The Philippines: Engaging all levels of government for coordinated nutrition action
      The Government of the Philippines, supported by FCDO-funded Nutrition International,
      formulated the Plan of Action for Nutrition 2017–2022 and ensured its alignment with the new
      Philippine Development Plan.
      Strong engagement took place at the national and subnational level through consultations and
      focus group discussions, which provided important information for landscape analyses, mobilised
      less engaged government units, identified potential nutrition champions and facilitated greater
      understanding of how nutrition outcomes could be integrated into programmes and platforms.
      This resulted in a set of priority nutrition actions that were used to develop a Common Results
      Framework. The Government also carried out an exercise in budget assessments and allocations
      to compare existing commitments and additional resource requirements.
      The Plan of Action for Nutrition 2017–2022 has provided a rallying point for nutrition stakeholders
      at the national level since its launch. Local governments, the Philippine Coalition of Advocates
      for Nutrition Security, tertiary-level students (through the Philippine Association of Nutrition),
      and other nutrition actors from the various stakeholder groups have come together to support
      the Plan’s implementation. The Plan has also led to the development and implementation of a
      Regional Plan of Action for Nutrition 2019–2022.

                           6    For more information, see .

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03 SUN 3.0: A Strategy to accelerate nutrition action and systemic change, 2021–2025                               SUN Strategy 3.0   18

                         At the regional level, the Movement will                       SO2: Develop and align shared
                         build on existing regional entities to allow                   country priorities for action
                         governments and networks to coordinate,
                                                                                        A successful country prioritisation process
                         learn from and engage with each other
                                                                                        will (a) focus action on achieving specific
                         and encourage the regional entities to
                                                                                        outcomes; (b) incentivise stakeholder
                         raise nutrition as a priority and speak as
                                                                                        alignment within the country and from the
                         one voice (e.g., the African Union, the
                                                                                        GSS; (c) increase the chances of attracting
                         Economic Community of West African
                                                                                        investments of energy, resources and
                         States, the South Asian Association for
                                                                                        finances from governments, donors,
                         Regional Cooperation, the South African
                                                                                        businesses and other investors to a
                         Development Community and SUN Civil
                                                                                        manageable set of evidence-informed
                         Society regional networks). Alignment at
                                                                                        actions that systemically change supply
                         regional level across the entire SUN Global
                                                                                        and demand in favour of nutrition; and
                         Support System (GSS) (see Section 5:
                                                                                        (d) improve accountability within the
                         ‘Governance and operations’) would also
                                                                                        Movement by reducing ambiguity about
                         help to ensure coordination and stronger
                                                                                        country priorities.
                         partnerships for improved nutrition
                         outcomes.                                                      The majority of SUN countries have a
                                                                                        national nutrition plan – a significant
                         At the global level, all components of
                                                                                        achievement of SUN 2.0 – and are
                         the GSS will commit to aligning with
                                                                                        therefore already building on a strong
                         the government-led country consensus
                                                                                        foundation (MQSUN+ 2020). The challenge
                         on priorities. Being driven by country
                                                                                        in SUN 3.0 is to identify the priorities
                         priorities also means that global networks
                                                                                        for the next 3–5 years that will advance
                         and the SUN Secretariat must work
                                                                                        nutrition in all countries. Figure 4 outlines
                         together more effectively and efficiently
                                                                                        the relationship between these different
                         to provide that support. An example
                                                                                        entities.
                         of one way to improve the collective
                         functioning of the GSS is through a joint                      There is no one-size-fits-all approach and
                         workplan and budget.                                           no blueprint for specific countries.

                         FIGURE 4: SUN entity relationships

                                                      Country priorities for action:
                                                      a magnet, drawing in support,
                                                     alignment and investment from
                                                         the rest of the Movement

                                                       Country coordinator and strong country-level
                                                       multi-stakeholder web of support with strong
                                                         alignment of the Global Support System

                                                             National development plan and national
                                                                   nutrition plan (if available)

                                                                         Multi-stakeholder platform

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03 SUN 3.0: A Strategy to accelerate nutrition action and systemic change, 2021–2025                              SUN Strategy 3.0   19

                        The common principles for prioritisation                       Under the leadership of the country
                        are: (a) government is in the lead; (b) each                   coordinator, each country will be
                        set of country stakeholders will identify                      supported to convene, guide and
                        its own process for developing feasible                        align different government entities,
                        priorities for each stakeholder, drawing on                    civil society organisations (including
                        support from the global networks and the                       indigenous groups and local community
                        SUN Movement Secretariat as requested;                         organisations), donors, United Nations
                        (c) a wide range of country stakeholders                       agencies and businesses at the country
                        and sectors will be brought into the                           level to facilitate a process that leads to
                        process, in line with SUN principles; (d)                      a set of prioritised actions.7 Governments
                        actions from a wide range of sectors and                       that commit to finance an enhanced
                        stakeholders will be considered; (e) a focus                   proportion of these actions from their
                        on evidence and results on the ground,                         national budgets will be more likely to
                        with strong emphasis on equity, including                      leverage financing from partners and
                        gender equity, displaced and migrant                           will help motivate other governments to
                        populations and refugees, and FCAS                             emulate them. If feasible, WHA and SDG
                        where relevant (see Box 4, ‘Mali’); and (f)                    targets should be considered by countries
                        the activities of the rest of the Movement                     in setting their own targets.
                        outside the country will be closely aligned
                        to support country priorities.

      Box 4: Mali: Aligning country priorities in fragile and conflict-affected
      states
      To overcome challenges and address needs more efficiently and effectively in fragile and
      conflict-affected countries, humanitarian and development actors need to establish links to
      deliver shared objectives in fighting malnutrition. During the National Nutrition Forum in June
      2019, the Government of Mali committed to increasing its nutrition budget line to fund activities
      previously covered by humanitarian funding and to ensure coherence between existing nutrition
      coordination mechanisms.
      In this spirit, in October 2020, all nutrition stakeholders validated the new Nutrition Multisectoral
      Action Plan, which includes both humanitarian and development issues. Members of the
      Nutrition Cluster and the SUN multi-stakeholder platform and SUN networks met to discuss
      DHIS2 (District Health Information System) data and share experiences on national prevention
      campaigns, screening for malnutrition and other nutrition interventions.
      SUN networks also develop specific activities with the Nutrition Cluster. For instance, the
      SUN Civil Society Alliance and the Nutrition Cluster jointly led and participated in a regional
      workshop in January 2020, organised by Action Against Hunger, in preparation for the N4G
      Summit. Collaboration was strengthened through the creation of a country roadmap and the
      establishment of a committee to implement it ahead of the Summit, bringing together all
      the SUN networks. A Nutrition Inter-Ministerial Committee meeting brought together all the
      ministerial departments and allowed humanitarian and development actors to discuss the
      country’s participation, the level of participation and the type of commitments to be made. The
      SUN Civil Society Alliance and the Nutrition Cluster are discussing the setup of a small working
      group with the Protection Cluster to work on protection and nutrition issues in conflict areas.

                           7     The Multi-Stakeholder Platforms toolkit was created to support this: .

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