The Ballari District Survey Report
←
→
Page content transcription
If your browser does not render page correctly, please read the page content below
The Ballari District Survey Report
Preamble:- This District Survey report for sand mining or river bed mining and
mining of other minor minerals is prepared as per Paragraph 7 (iii) (a) of
Ministry Of Environment, Forest And Climate Change Notification, New Delhi,
the 15th January 2016.
1. INTRODUCTION:-
Ballari district takes its name from the word Ballari which refers to
goddess Durugamma as this goddess had manifested herself in the town. Some
of the events in the great epic Ramayana are related to this historical place. It is
said that Rama while searching for Sita met Sugreeva and Hanuman at a place
which is very near to Hampi, the celebrated capital of Vijayanagara kingdom.
The history speaks volumes about significant role it acquired during
Satavahanas, Kadambas, Chalukyas of Kalyana, Kalachuryas, Sevunas and
Hoysalas period. There upon the Vijayanagara rulers built the " City of
Victory " on the bank of Tungabhadra river at Hampi in Hospet Taluk. This
area which had witnessed the prosperity to its peak fell into political turmoil
after the fall of Vijayanagara in 1565. This district was transferred to the
erstwhile Mysore State on 1st October 1953 from Madras State. With the re-
organisation of the districts during 1997, the number of taluks is reduced to 7.
The Harapanahalli taluk has been transferred to Davanagere district.
Mineral and ores are exhaustible resources. Their conservation through
rational mine planning, prudent exploitation and judicious utilization is
therefore, obligatory on the part of the individuals responsibility for as well as
of institutions charged with, the exploitation of minerals / ores from the mother
earth. Mineral resources get progressively exhausted as they are mined and
removed greatest care is, therefore, required in planning for a wise utilization of
mineral resources which are non-renewable.
1A) OBJECTIVE:
Identification of areas of aggradations or deposition where mining can be
allowed; and identification of areas of erosion and proximity to infrastructural
structures and installations where mining should be prohibited and calculation
of annual rate of replenishment and allowing time for replenishment after
mining in that area.
2) OVERVIEW OF MINING ACTIVITY IN THE DISTRICT.
In Ballari district, fairly well endowed with a wide variety
of Major and Minor minerals. Major minerals includes Iron ore, Manganese,
Red Ochre, Yellow Ochre (as per schedules 11 of MM(RD)1957 and minor
mineral includes Building stone such as Granitic gneiss, Gneises and
steatite(soap stone), Quartz and Granite. Ballari District has 125 Mining leases
of Major minerals of which 30 leases are working and 92 quarry leases of minor
minerals.
03. The List of Mining Leases in the district:-
In total there are 125 Major Mineral Mining Leases in the district. Table
given below may be referred for details:
2LIST OF MINING LEASES IN BELLARY DISTRICT
Total Date of
SL. ML Period CEC
Lessee's Name & Address Mineral Extent Village & SY No Taluk Grant
No. No. (Yrs) Category
(Ha) w.e.f.
M/s. Gavisiddeshwara Enterprises,
Vidyanagar, 2nd Cross, 1st House, 80/ Belagallu
1 Iron ore 5.67 Bellary 16.04.1958 30 B
Airport Road, Bellary. 2469 SY.No.90(P)
(Sri.H.K.Thimmanna)
M/s.S.B. Minerals,
2 Post Box No:58, KR Road, 615/ Iron ore 21.85 NEB Range Sandur 07.01.1966 30 -
Hospet, Bellary
N. Rathnaiah, Iron ore & Red
3 670 14.16 Vittalapuram Sy.No.1 Sandur 28.11.1962 30 B1
Cart street, Bellary. oxide
H.P. Manjunatha,
Jambunathanahalli
4 699 Iron ore 3.03 Hospet 06.06.1967 30 A
SY No:115/B
III rd Main, RMV II stage, Bellary
Shanthalakshmi Jayaram,
Ingalagi
W/o Late V.M.Jayaram, M/s. Vinag
5 922 Iron ore 157.64 SY No:210, 211 Hospet 27.04.1971 30 B
Mining Co., S.R.Theater
E & D, 213B and 299
Compound, Bellary.
Mysore Minerals Ltd.,
Iron Ore Sector Office , Near New Ubbalgundi
6 995 Iron ore 80.94 Sandur 29.09.1970 20 C
KSRTC Bus-stand Sandur-583119 DM Block
Bellary Dist.
Yerrenahalli
M/s. Gadagi Mineral Mining Co.,
7 1031 Manganese 136.38 SY.No.1/A(Part) Sandur 12.09.1969 20 A1
Gadagi building, Bellary-
Tumbarguddi RF
3M/s.S.B. Minerals,
8 Post Box No:58, KR Road, 1058 Iron ore 6.48 NEB Range Sandur 31-11-1971 30 -
Hospet, Bellary
M/s. NMDC Ltd., Kumaraswamy &
Donimalai Iron Ore Mine Subbarayanahalli
9 1111 Iron ore 647.50 Sandur 18.10.1972 30 A
Donimalai Township -583118, Villages
Sandur Taluk,Bellary Sandur SF
Smt M. Omkaramma Tonasigere
10 1168 Manganese 16.19 Sandur 23.05.1973 10 A1
(Lingoji Rao) SY.No.18(Part)
M/s. Narayana Mines P.Ltd. Narayanapura
11 1602 Iron ore Manganese 109.27 Sandur 23.01.1977 20 B
1st Floor, Bus stand road, Hospet. SM Block
M/s. Sri Marketing Corporation
12 No:79/18, Neharu Colony, 1st 1611 Iron ore 30.76 Ramanadurga RF Sandur 18.06.1979 20 A1
Cross, Bellary
M/s. P. Venganna Shetty & Bros. Karadikolla
13 1620 Iron ore 25.89 Sandur 01.03.1975 10 -
Nehru Co-operative colony, Hospet. NEB Range
Sri K. Bramhananda
Legal Heir of K.Channabasappa, Iron ore & Red Karadikolla
14 1626 80.94 Sandur 18.02.1978 20 B
Shivam, #353/A, 5th Cross, oxide of Iron Ore NEB Range
M.J.Nagar, Hospet.
Mysore Minerals Ltd.,
Jambunathanahalli
15 Iron Ore Sector, Near New KSRTC 1659 Iron ore 51.71 Hospet 10.04.1980 20 B
SY No:115/B
Bus-stand Sandur-583119
V.N.K.Menon, Ramanadurga RM
16 1715 Iron Ore 1.62 Sandur 01.01.1981 10 A1
PWD Contractor Sandur-583819 Block
4M/s. Trident Mining Co. Pvt. Ltd.,
17 Embitee Complex, Bellary Road 1732 Iron ore 5.26 NEB Range Sandur 05.03.1981 30 C
Hospet-583201.
M/s. H.T. Minerals
18 Hothur Ground, #771, 100 ft Road, 1746 Manganese 159.86 R.M. Block Sandur 12.10.1980 20 -
Indhira Nagar, Bangalore-8.
M/s MML,
Harishankar Village
19 Near KSRTC Bustand, 1754 Iron ore 6.07 Sandur 27.05.1981 20 A
S M Block
Sandur-583119
V.S. Suguna Raj,
Iron ore & Yellow
20 No.29, Kappagal road, 1779 6.07 Thumti SY.No.3(P) Sandur 11.09.1981 20 A1
Oxide
Gandhinagar, Bellary dist.
M/s. Gajanana Minerals,
Iron ore Araginamarada
21 Mineral delars, Kumaraswamy 1791 9.30 Sandur 18.10.1976 20 -
Manganese pattana
Nilaya, Sandur, Bellary dist.
R. Pampapathi,
Legal Heir & S/o Late
Iron Ore, Red Jambunathanahalli
22 R.Gangadharappa A.A.R.P.T.T. 1806 182.45 Hospet 30 B
Oxide SY No:115/B 05.04.1982
Iron ore Mine,XI/313, Bellary
Road, Hospet, Bellary Dist.
Allum Basavaraj, Jambunathanahalli
23 1893 Iron ore 56.75 Hospet 08.03.1982 20 A1
Gadagi Palace, Car street, Bellary Sy.No.11, 113,114
Sri Srinivasa Minerals
Kariganuru
24 Mine owners and Exports, Main 1933 Iron ore 6.66 Hospet 05.03.1984 20.00 A1
SY No:161 & 162
Bazar Hospet-583203.
Sri Onti Channappa
Yashwanthanagar
25 Yeshavanthnagar Village, Sandur 1940 Manganese 2.17 Sandur 11.05.1984 20 A1
SY.No.94
TQ, Bellary.
5Sri Onti Channappa
Yashvanth Nagara
26 Yeshavanthnagar Village, Sandur 1941 Manganese 5.44 Sandur 11.05.1984 20 A1
SY.No.90&91/2
TQ, Bellary.
M/s Ramgad minerals and mining
Jaisingapur Village
27 Limited (Dalmia Cements (Barath) 2010 Iron ore 331.44 Sandur 25.11.1983 20 A1
NEB Range
Pvt Ltd).
Khaja Bee W/o S.Abdul Rasheed
(Late), No:211, 7th Ward,
28 2072 Iron ore 161.87 R.M. Block Sandur 20 -
Brucepet, Pathakandakam Street,
Bellary-1 07.07.1985
M/s. Kariganuru Mineral Mining
1799/ Iron ore, Kariganuru
29 Industries, Embitee Complex, 199.43 Hospet 08.03.1982 30 A1
2075 Redoxide SY No:192
Bellary Road, Hospet 583 201
Kumarswamy Mining Company
2nd cross Vidya Nagar Manganese & Iron
30 2087 25.50 Deogiri Village Sandur 10 B
Airport Road, Near opposite - Ore 15.04.1989
Cantonment Bellary.
M/S Kumara Swamy Mineral
Yashvanth Nagara
31 Exports Gurukrupa Nilaya, Nehru 2141 Iron Ore 60.80 Sandur 24.01.1992 20 B
RM Range
Road, Bellary-583101
H.G. Rangana Gowda,
Yashvanth Nagara
32 No. 15/142, Nehru Co-operative 2148 Iron ore 60.70 Sandur 21.07.1992 20 C
RM Range
Colony, Hospet.
M/S Veerabhadrappa Sangappa Co.
33 Mine Owners, Sandur- 2160 Iron Ore 18.62 RM Range Sandur 19.10.1992 20 B
583119,Bellary
Sri J.M. Vrushabendraiah,
Iron Ore & Red Ramagad Village
34 S/o Maliyappaiah, MJ Nagar, 2173 3.36 Sandur 24.08.1993 20 C
oxide SY.No.19
Hospet.
6M/s. Mineral Mines & Traders,
Redoxide & Iron Janikunte
35 Mine owners, No.17/5, Patelnagar, 2185A 46.13 Bellary 23.07.2002 10 C
ore SY.No.326(P)
Bellary
B.R. Yogendranath Singh, 741/
Iron ore & Red
36 #31/659, Milaralinga Nilaya, Singh (871)/ 13.00 Kakabalu Village Hospet 27.12.1987 10 C
Oxide
Colony, Old checkpost Hospet 2186
M/s Rajapur Mines,
Rajapur
37 No 444, 15th Ward, M.J, 2190 Iron Ore 93.89 Hospet 30.12.1994 20 C
SY No:114 O/2
Nagar Hospet, Bellary Dist
M/S Zeenath Transport Co. Ltd., Iron Ore Red
Ramagad Village RM
38 Mine Owners, Zeenath house, 2239 Oxide Red Ochre 44.28 Sandur 04.10.1996 20 B
Block
Cowl Bazar, Bellary. Manganese Ore
M/S Bharath Mines & Minerals,
Mine Owners, Singhi-sadhan, Iron ore &
39 2245 26.20 Nandihalli Village Sandur 20 C
Infantry Road, Cantonment Manganese Ore 06.04.1996
Bellary - 583104.
M/s.A.M. Minerals,
40 No-4/269, Patelnagar, 2278 Iron ore 2.02 RM Block Sandur 31.07.2000 20 A1
Hopset-5823201
Sri. Allum Prashanth,
Sanjivarayana kote
41 Gadagi Palace, Carstreet, 2289 Iron ore 42.90 Bellary 02.12.2000 20 A1
Sy.No.343
Bellary-583 101
M/s V.S Lad & Sons,
Sannajagalaharavu
42 Prashanth Nivas, Krishnanagar, 2290 Iron ore 105.06 Sandur 31.07.1996 20 C
(Lakshmipura)
Sandur-583 119, Bellary district
Sri J.M Vrushabhendraiah,
President, Belalry dist, Co- Yerrayyanahally
43 2292 Manganese 4.85 Sandur 29.12.2000 20 B
operative Central Bank Ltd, SY.No.436/B (P)
Hospet-583 201
7M/s.Tiffin Barytes Asbestos &
Paints Ltd., Sunit 6 B, Kences 2086/ Iron ore & Red Haraginadona
44 191.13 Bellary 26.05.1998 20 A
loverNorth Oorgaum RoadT.Nagar, 2293 Oxide SY.No.311
Chennai.
M/s Veerabhadrappa Sangappa &
45 Co., No.2/138, Bellary 2296 Iron ore 51.00 Ramadurga Range Sandur 17.2.2001 20 A
Road,Sandur-583111,Bellary dist
Iron ore,
M/s Zeenath Transport Co.,
Manganese ore Ramghad Village RM
46 Mines owners & Exporters Zeenath 2309 51.00 Sandur 03.10.2000 20 B
Red Ochre& Red Blcok
House, CoolBazar, Bellary 583 102
oxide,
M/s Hottur Traders
Mine Owners & Exporters plot
Manganese & Iron
47 2313 21.11 Melagolla Village Sandur 23.12.1998 20 C
ore
nagar, Infantry Road,
Bellary 583 104.
M/s.Trident Minerals
Venkatagiri,
48 Embitec complex Bellary Road, 2315 Iron ore 32.27 Sandur 10.05.1993 20 C
NEB Range
Hospet 583 201, Bellary dist
M/s Mineral Syndicate
49 Mine owners Mazjid E llah 2320 Iron ore 2.12 NEB Range Sandur 08.04.1994 20 B
compound Hospet-583201
M/S Muneer Enterprises
2151/
50 Masjid E#-allah Compound, Iron Ore 36.42 NEB Range Sandur 12.02.2000 10 B
2339
Hampi Road, Hospet .
Allum Prashanth IronOre,
Hariginadona,
51 Gadigi PalaceCar street 2352 Red Oxide & 69.61 Bellary 20.07.2000 20 A
SY.No.276 (P)
Bellary 583101. Yellow oxide
8Smt. Ambika Ghorpade Kammatharavu
52 Shivapura PalaceKarthikeya 2354 Iron ore 4.95 SY.No.57,65, Sandur 15.06.2002 20 C
NivasKritha FormSandur 58319 66 & 67
M/s Thungabhadra Minerals,
Ettianahatti Village
53 Vishwas Complex, J.M. Building, 2365 Iron & Red Oxide 125.58 Sandur 20 C
Donimalai SF 30.07.1988
Station Road, Hospet-583201.
M/s Thungabhadra Minerals,
Ettianahatti Village
54 Vishwas Complex, J.M. Building, 2366 Iron Ore 33.97 Sandur 20 C
Donimalai SF 14.11.2000
Station Road, Hospet-583201.
V.Venkateshulu
Iron ore, Yellow
No. 1/30 Saranappa Compund,
55 2368 Ochre, RedOxide & 56.74 Janekunta SY.No.326 Bellary 26.07.2002 20 B
Opp: TVS Suzaki Show room
BHQ
Parvathi Nagar,Bellary 563103.
M/s Adarsha Enterprises, Manganese & Iron
56 2369 3.03 Ramgad Village Sandur 26.07.2002 20 C
3rd ward,Sandur- 583119 ore
M/s S.B.Minerals,
C/o B.S.Deepak Singh, Beside RamadurgaVillage
57 2393 Iron ore 40.47 Sandur 20 C
Venugopal Temple, 3rd Ward, Patel RM Block 30.11.1992
Nagar, Hospet-583201.
M/s. NMDC Ltd.,
Donimalai Iron Ore Mine
58 2396 Iron ore 608.00 Donimalai Range Sandur 04.11.1988 20 A
Donimalai Township -583118,
Sandur Taluk,Bellary.
M/s. M.S.P.L.ltd Iron ore/Manganese
Vyasanakere
59 .Nehru Co-op. Colony Hospet 2416 & Red Oxide of 347.23 Hospet 20 B
SY No:1, 4, 5 & 6 14.11.2002
583203. Iron Ore
9Nidhi Mining Pvt Ltd.
Iron Ore & Red Ubbalagundi Village,
60 Owner, No. 35, IInd Link Road, 2433 31.84 Sandur 20 C
Oxide Donimalai SF 25.04.1997
Parvathinagar, Bellary-583103.
M/s Associated Mining Co.,
Mine Owners, 123/350, Veerana
61 Gouda Colony, Opp. 2434 Iron Ore 10.12 R.M. Block Sandur 10 C
24.03.2000
Kumaraswamy Temple, Club Road,
Bellary-583101.
M/s Ramghad Minerals & Mining
62 Pvt.ltd., Nehru Co.op.colony. 2451 Iron ore 24.28 Venkatagiri Sandur 20 C
30.01.2003
Hospet-583203.
M/s Vibuthigudda Mines p.ltd.
Belagallu
63 ,Regd.office No.60/356 A Hospt 2469 Iron ore 55.00 Bellary 20 B
SY.No.90(P) 07.04.1994
road,Allipur,Bellary-583105
M/s.Marva minig Co,
Jiginihalli Village
64 Sandur 583119, Bellary dist. 2482 Manganese 22.45 Sandur 06.07.2000 20 B
SY.No.1 A/1
(VNK Menon)
M/s.H.R. Gaviyappa & Co., 24.04.2002
Navalatti Village,
65 Mine Owner, Parvathinagar, 2483 Iron ore 34.00 Sandur to 14 B
Donimalai SF
Bellary-583101. 17.10.2016
M/s. Lakshminarayana Mining Co.,
Siddapura Village
66 No.33, Sannidhi Road, 2487 Iron ore 105.22 Sandur 21.05.2003 20 C
NEB Range
Basavanagudi, Bangalore-04.
S.A. Thawab,
Ramghad Village RM
67 Mine owners & Exporters, Zeenath 2488 Iron ore 24.72 Sandur 04.08.2001 20 B
Blcok
House, Coul Bazar, Bellary-583102
10M/s. Gadagi Mineral Mining Co., Jiginihalli &
68 Gadagi Palace, Car Street, 2489 Manganese Ore 39.63 Yerrenahalli Sandur 25.03.1995 20 B
Bellary-583101. (SY.No.1A)
Sri P.Balasubba Shetty & Son,
Iron ore & Red Karadikolla
69 Mine owners & exports, P.B.No.3, 2502 44.11 Sandur 05.09.2003 20` A
oxide NEB Range
Hampi Road, Hospet, Bellary.
Sri M. Hanumantha Rao,
70 No.13, Near Park, Patel Nagar, 2505 Iron ore 40.47 S.M. Block Sandur 12.12.2005 20 B
Bellary.
Smt. K.M. Parvathamma, Rajapura Village
71 IInd Link Road, Parvathinagar, 2514 Iron ore 24.91 Sy.No.6,7&9 Sandur 21.09.2003 20 B
Bellary. D.M. Block
M/s. S.B. Minerals, K.R. Road, Vyasanakere
72 2515 Iron ore 80.92 Hospet 13.01.1997 20 C
Hospet-583201 SY No:1(P)
B. Kumaragowda,
73 No.125/B, L.B. Colony, Sandur 2516 Iron ore 54.22 S.M. Block Sandur 14.03.2006 20 A
taluk, Bellary district.
M/s. G.G. Brothers,
NEB Range
74 P.O. No.4, Nehru Co-operative 2520 Iron ore 18.21 Sandur 04.09.2003 20 B
(Kardikolla)
Colony, Hospet-583203.
M/s. G.G. Brothers,
Iron ore & Red
75 P.O. No.4, Nehru Co-operative 2522 42.90 NEB Range Sandur 20.10.1999 20 B
oxide
Colony, Hospet-583203.
M/s. RBSSN Das, Sankalapuram
76 P.O.No.38, Hospet, 2524 Iron ore 76.09 (Old SY No:51, 52 ) Hospet 20 A1
23.06.2006
Bellary-583201. New SY No: 185/P
11M/s. Deccan Mining Syndicate Pvt.
Kammatheravu
77 Ltd., Sumeer Mension, No.6, 2525 Iron ore 19.02 Sandur 20.05.2006 20 C
(Deogiri)
Martin Road, Bellary-583101.
M/s Nadeem Minerals
Iron ore &
78 ML No:2526,#12, KHB Colony, 2526 53.20 Donimalai Range Sandur 19.07.2006 20 A
Manganese
Kudligi Road, Sandur
T. Narayana Reddy,
Mine owner, Ganesh Colony, 17th Tumti Village
79 2527 Iron ore 11.00 Sandur 16.05.1989 20 B1
Ward, Plot No. 42, D.No.13, Sy.No.1
S.N.Pet, Bellary -583102.
M/s. Aswathnarayana Singh & Co.
NEB Range
80 No.53, 3rd Main Road, Parvathi 2531 Iron ore 56.50 Sandur 20 B
Sandur SF 24.03.1996
Nagar, Bellary-583103.
H.N. Premkumar,
Bharath Villa, No.35, 3rd Main, 3rd Kallahalli, SY
81 2538 Iron ore 19.15 Hospet 28.02.2007 30 B
Cross, RMV II Stage, H.T.G. No:1
Colony, Bangalore.
M/s. Shanthipriya Minerals Pvt Ltd.
Iron ore &
82 3rd Floor, Rajapur Skies,Collage 2540 80.94 R.M. Block, Sandur 10.06.1994 20 A1
Manganese
Road, Hospet.
Suggalammagudda Mining Co.,
Belagallu
83 7/19, Karnal Street, Coul Bazar, 2541 Iron ore 10.11 Bellary 14.03.1992 20 B1
SY.No.90(P)
Bellary
M/s.Vibhuthigudda Mines Pvt. Ltd.,
Iron ore & Vanahalli
84 No.60/356, Hospet Road, 2542 137.00 Bellary 16.03.2007 20 B1
Manganese ore SY.No.283(P)
Allipur Bellary-583105
Sri V.Narayanakutti Menon ,
85 No.6, KHB Colony, Sandur, 2543 Iron ore 10.00 Dharmapura Village Sandur 22.03.2007 20 A
Bellary,
12R. Charuchandra,
Kallahalli,
Srinidhi Mines, Dr. Naganagowda
86 2544 Iron ore 45.00 NEB Range Hospet 13.08.1999 20 B
Gardens, Station Road,Hospet,
SY No:1(P)
Bellary
M/s. Lakshmi Minerals,
Iron ore & Jaisingpur Village,
87 No.216, Near 100 bed Hospital 2545 36.42 Sandur 18.04.2007 20 B
Manganese Ramgad Range
M.J.Nagar, Hospet, Bellary district
M/s. Chowgule & Co.,
Iron ore & Red Bhavihalli
88 Chowgule House, Marmagoa 2546 100.00 Sandur 20 B
Oxide NEB Range 23.09.2003
Harbar, Goa-403803.
M/s. Zeenath Transport Co,
Iron ore &
89 Zeenath House, Coul Bazar, 2547 50.00 Ramgad Range Sandur 27.04.2007 30 A
Manganese Ore
Bellary-583102
M/s. Hind Traders,
Vittalapuram
90 Mine Owner, 140(1) Kolachalam 2548 Iron ore 19.63 Sandur 20 B1
SY.No.1 30.10.1992
Compound, Bellary.
H.G. Rangana Gowda,
NEB Range,
91 No. 15/142, Nehru Co-operative 2549 Iron ore 54.64 Sandur 20 B
(Thimmappana Gudi) 05.08.2002
Colony, Hospet-583201.
M/s. S.B. Minerals, Jaisingpur Village
92 2550 Iron ore 44.52 Sandur 20 C
K.R. Road, Hospet-583201. N.E.B. Range 17.01.2006
M/s. Lakshmi Minerals,
Iron ore & Venkatagiri Village,
93 No.216, Near 100 bed Hospital 2551 22.25 Sandur 18.06.2007 30 A
Manganese Sandur SF
M.J.Nagar, Hospet, Bellary district
13M/s Shree Gavisiddeshwara
Minerals Srinivasa Nilayam,
Iron ore &
94 No.168/C, 18th Ward, Near Water 2552 134.00 Donimalai Range Sandur 03.07.2007 20 A
Manganese Ore
Booster, Gandhinagar, Bellary-
583103.
Shanthalakshmi Jayaram,
71/18, Samala Mareppa Compound, Kallahalli
95 2553 Iron ore 50.47 Hospet 20 C
S.C Junior College Road , Gandhi SY No:169 26.06.1992
Nagar, Bellary-583103.
Essar Steel Ltd.,
Essar House 11 K.K.Marg, Kakubalu
96 2555 Iron ore 56.65 Hospet 11.09.2007 20 A1
Mahalakshmi Mubai-400034. SY No:225
www.essar.com ( Shaffi Sab )
M/s. Karthikeyas Manganese &
97 IronOres (P) Ltd. Karthikeya Nivas, 2559 Iron ore 27.23 Swamymalai Range Sandur 06.10.2007 20 C
Karthik Form, Sandur, Bellary.
K.R. Kaviraj Kallahalli
98 No. 216, Behind 100 Bed Hospetal, 2561 Iron ore 34.40 SY No:1 Hospet 17.10.2007 20 B
M.J.Nagar, Hospet, Bellary (Hospet RF)
M/s. Kanhailal Dudheria,
Ramanadurga
99 Behind New Bus Stand, 2563 Iron ore 30.75 Sandur 20 C
Range 16.06.2000
Bellary Road, Sandur
M/s. Balaji Mines and Minerals Pvt.
Ltd., 322/3, 2nd Floor, Sri Jaisingpur
100 2564 Iron ore 22.66 Sandur 20 B
Sapthagiri Exclave,, College Road, NEB Range 25.09.1993
Hospet.
14M/s. Spark Line Mining
Ramgad Village
101 Corporation, NO.03, Patelnagar, 2567 Iron ore 4.86 Sandur 19.12.2007 20 C
SY.No.21
Ananthpur Road, Bellary
Mehaboob Transport Co.,
Tumti
Plot No: 5, 6, 7 &
SY.No.1
102 2568 Iron ore 16.19 Sandur 20 B1
Vittalapuram 21.09.1992
Infantry Road, Cantonment Bellary-
SY.No.1
583104
Sri N. Sheikh Sab,
Late N. Yamanoor Sab, 11th Ward, Siddapura
103 2572 Iron ore 15.00 Sandur 05.01.2008 20 B
Siddalingapura Chowka, Hospet, NEB Range
Bellary
M/s RBSSN Das Sankalapuram
104 Sankalapura Iron ore Mines, 2576 Iron ore 31.56 (Old SY No:52) Hospet 21.12.2006 20 A1
NO.1499/1, P.O.No.38, Hospet. New SY No:185(P)
M/s. SMIORE, Iron ore,
105 2580 1863.02 SM & RM Block Sandur 20 A
Lakshmipura, Sandur, Bellary. Manganese, 01.01.1994
M/s. SMIORE, Iron ore,
106 2581 142.58 SM & RM Block Sandur 20 A
Lakshmipura, Sandur, Bellary. Manganese, 01.01.1994
Kallahalli
Sy No:1
M/s. Auro Minerals,
(NEB Range) of
Anegody House, N.C. Colony, Iron ore & Red
107 2584 31.00 Hospet Taluk and Hospet 23.05.2001 20 B
Hospet-583203.(Smt Rani Oxide
Venkatagiri Village
Lalkumari Bai)
(Sandur RF) Sandur
Taluk
15M/s. G.G. Brothers,
Iron ore & Red Kwategudda
108 P.O. No.4, Nehru Co-operative 2586 15.10 Hospet 27.05.2001 20 B
ochre (Joga RF)
Colony, Hospet-583203.
M/s. P. Venganna Shetty & Bros.
Kardikolla
109 Nehru Co-operative colony, 2587 Iron ore 50.00 Sandur 22.07.1992 20 B
NEB Range
Hospet
M/s. Ramagad Minerals & Mining
Pvt., Ltd., Baldata Enclave, Iron ore, &
110 2593 20.23 Ramanadurga Range Sandur 20 B
Abheraj Baldata Road, Hospet - Manganese, 24.02.2006
583203.
M/s.Tungabhadra Minerals
Pvt.Ltd., 322/3, 2nd Floor, Sree
111 2594 Iron ore 196.46 Appenahalli Village Sandur 20 B
Sapthagiri Enclave, Collage Road, 19.08.1990
Hospet - 583201.
M/s.Tungabhadra Minerals
Ubbalagundi Village,
Pvt.Ltd., 322/3, 2nd Floor, Sree
112 2595 Iron ore 36.30 SY.No.18 & Sandur 20 B
Sapthagiri Enclave, Collage Road, 02.07.1989
Donimalai SF
Hospet - 583201.
Sri S.V.Srinivasulu,
Mine owner, Old Income Tax office
Jaisingpur Village
113 Bldg., Near Sahakari 2604 Iron ore 60.00 Sandur 28.05.1999 20 B
N.E.B. Range
Kalyanamantapa, N.C.Colony,
Hospet - 583201
Mysore Minerals Ltd.,
Iron Ore Sector Office, Near New Thimmappanagudi
114 2605 Iron ore 136.97 Sandur 27.12.2005 20 A
KSRTC Bus-stand Sandur- Sandr RF
583119 Bellary Dist.
16M/s.Varalakshmi Mining Co.,
Near Vivekananda School, Ashoka Devagiri Village
115 2611 Iron ore 10.66 Sandur 06.11.2009 20 A
Colony, Sandur - 583 119, Sy.No.55,56,57,58
Bellary dist.
M/s.Veeyem (P) Ltd.,
Kardikaolla (NEB
116 Anjuman Shadimahal Complex, 2615 Iron ore 20.23 Sandur 02.09.1990 20 C
Range)
Shop No.1, Arvind Nagar, Hospet.
N. Manjoor Ahmed,
Ahmed Manzil, # 1217,
Venkatagiri
117 Ward No.24, Behind Govt. 2616 Iron ore 15.97 Sandur 07.04.2006 20 C
(NEB Range)
quarters, H.L.Chennel, Bellary
Road, Hospet -583 201.
Sri P. Abubakar,
Siddapura
118 Class I Contractor, Dam Road, 2619 Iron ore 14.00 Sandur 20 C
(NEB Range) 25.08.2004
Hospet, Bellary district.
Sri Ram Rao M.Poal,
119 S/o Late Mansingh Rao Poal No.14, 2621 Iron ore 28.33 Ramgad Range Sandur 04.02.2010 20 C
Ward No.9, Sandur - 583 119.
Sri L.V.Ashok Kumar Lingala
Deogiri Village
120 Plot No.4, Gandhi Colony, Near 2622 Iron ore 3.36 Sandur 06.02.2010 20 -
Sy.No.27
Baldota House, Hospet - 583 201
Mysore Minerals Ltd.,
Subbarayanahalli SM
121 Iron Ore Sector Office, Near New 2629 Iron ore 80.93 Sandur 20 B
Block 13.04.1999
KSRTC Bus-stand, Sandur-583119
M/s Shivavilasa Trust,
Iron ore & Ramgad Village
122 Shivavilasa Palace, 90, Palace 2646 19.22 Sandur 30.08.2010 30 -
Manganese Enclosure -H
Road, Sandur , Bellary Dist.
17M/s. Bellary Mining Corporation
Halakundi
123 98B, 1st Floor, Singhi Mansion, 2651 Iron ore 15.80 Bellary 20 B1
SY.No.465(P) 31.10.1992
Bangalore Road, Bellary.
Sri K.N.Srinivas,
Iron ore,
Brahmadevi Nilayam, Bank Kammatheravu
124 2654 Manganese ore & 10.12 Sandur 30.12.2010 20 B
Colony, Gowribidanur, (Deogiri) SY.No.1to9
BHQ
Chickballapur dist.
The General Manager Mysore
Minerals Ltd., Iron Ore Sector,
125 1710 Iron Ore 98.95 Jambunathana Halli Hospet 19.12.1980 20 A1
Near New KSRTC Bus-stand
Sandur-583119 Bellary Dist.
Total 9536.21
activities in the district of Bellary. Later, as per
ugh e-
auction by the Monitoring Committee since 14.09.2011.
The joint survey t
survey and demarcation of 117 leases of the district. The CEC, categorized the mining leases into A, B & C category Based on the
intensity of illegalities / encroachment noticed after outcome of the survey and demarcation.
18Table Showing Category wise leases in the District as per CEC:-
Sl No: Category No: Of Leases
1. A 18
2. A-1 18
3. B 43
4. **B-1 7
5. C 31
Total 117
**Survey and Demarcation of 07 leases under Category B-1 is awaited as the inter-state
boundary dispute is left un-resolved.
The 31 C-Category leases of the district have been cancelled by the
These leases are being disposed in phases through e-tender by the Government
of Karnataka as per orders of The
The Indian Council of Forestry Research and Education (ICFRE) of
Ministry of Mines, GOI carried out Reclamation and Re-Habilitation (R & R)
plans for the mining leases in the district. Mining leases falling under A & B
Category which have implemented the R &R plan successfully are being
allowed to resume the mining activity after approval from the CEC, subjected to
requisite statutory clearances. So far in the district, 29 Mining Leases have
resumed their mining activity since 2012-13.
production limit of iron ore production of the district to 25 Million Metric
Tonnes per annum. Table given below may be referred for the details of mining
leases which have resumed their mining activities
19Details of Mining Leases of Resuming mining activities in Hospet Taluk.
Consent Head office
Sl ML Extent
Name of the Lessee Cat in permission Remarks
No NO in Ha
MTPA date
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 9
1 NMDC Ltd 1111 -- 647.50 7.0000 -
2 NMDC Ltd 2396 -- 608.00 7.0000 -
3 Nadeem Minerals 2526 A 53.20 0.4100 20.10.2012
4 B Kumargouda 2516 A 54.22 0.6400 20.10.2012
Veerabhadra Sangappa
5 2296 A 51.00 0.5900 04.01.2013
& Co.,
Sandur Manganese & Manganese
6 2581 B 142.58 0.0074 24.01.2013
Iron Ore Co., Ltd., Ore
Sandur Manganese &
0.7400 24.01.2013
Iron Ore Co., Ltd.,
7 2580 A 1863.02
Manganese
Manganese 0.1800 18.02.2013
Ore
8 Zeenath Transport Co., 2547 A 50.00 0.4400 18.02.2013
9 Mysore Minerals Ltd., 2605 A 136.97 1.0600 11.03.2013
P Balasubba Setty &
10 2502 A 44.11 0.4800 10.05.2013
Son
11 MSPL Ltd., 2416 B 347.23 0.9100 16.05.2013
12 M Hanumanth Rao 2505 B 40.47 0.1000 16.05.2013
13 RMMPL 2593 B 20.23 0.3200 06.07.2013
14 VNK Menon 2543 A 10.00 0.0430 31.07.2013
Gavisiddeshwar
15 2552 A 134.00 0.2600 06.09.2013
Minerals
16 RBSSN 2576 A1 31.56 0.0900 29.11.2013
17 RBSSN 2524 A1 76.09 0.2050 29.11.2013
18 Chowgule & Co., 2546 B 100.00 0.3800 23.12.2013
19 Mysore Minerals Ltd., 2629 B 80.93 3.0000 06.02.2014
20 Lakshmi Minerals 2551 A 22.25 0.0660 06.02.2014
21 GG Brothers 2522 B 42.90 0.1400 06.02.2014
H.R.Gaviyappa &
22 2483 B 32.34 0.1050 25.08.2014
Company
23 H.N Premkumar 2538 B 19.29 0.0700 24.03.2015
24 S.V Srinivasalu 2604 B 60.00 0.0800 04.08.2015
25 Zeenath Transport Co., 2239 B 43.58 0.1200 05.09.2015
26 GG Brothers 2586 B 15.10 0.0360 29.01.2016
27 ANS 2531 B 52.00 0.1200 31.03.2015
28 Sri.Allum Prashant 2352 A 69.63 0.4600 27.04.2002
29 Sri.Allum Prashant 2289 A 42.91 0.9000 02.12.2000
30 M/s T.B.A.Pvt Ltd 2293 A 191.13 - 26.05.1998
Total 4778.57 24.5924
20Table showing details of working leases for quarrying minor minerals:
Statement Showing the Running Quarry Leases List (O/o Deputy Director , Hosapete)
SL. Extent Type of Date of Period in Expired
Name & Address QL. No Mineral Sy. No Village Taluk
No in Acres Land Execution Years Date
1 B.Datta, Near Hiremat Kalayana 338 ODBS 2.00 Revenue 711 H.K.Halli Sandur 05.05.2008 10 Years 04.05.2018
Mantapa, Bapuji Nagar, Kudligi
K.Rajesh S/o Kottureshwara Rao,
2 Shanti Nilaya,58th ward, Arvind Nagar 339 ODBS 2.00 Revenue 711 H.K.Halli Sandur 05.05.2008 10 Years 04.05.2018
Colony, Hosapete
B.Datta, Near Hiremat Kalayana ODBS Amardevara
3 340 6.00 Revenue 98 Kudligi 05.05.2008 10 Years 04.05.2018
Mantapa, Bapuji Nagar, Kudligi Gudda
Siddi Minerals Prop: Sunita
4 Mallikarjuna, No.43, TGS Layout, 368 ODBS 1.00 Revenue 711 H.K.Halli Sandur 31.07.2008 10 Years 30.07.2018
Moka Road, Bellary.
S.Gurubasavaraj, 10th cross, ODBS Hos
5 384 2.00 Revenue 542 D.N.Kare 10.10.2008 10 Years 09.10.2018
M.J.Nagar, Hosapete apete
Smt Sunita Mallikarjuna, W/o
6 V.Mallikarjuna, No.43, TGS Layout, 388 ODBS 2.00 Revenue 99 Thimmalapur Sandur 26.11.2008 10 Years 25.11.2018
Moka Road, Bellary.
Smt Sunita Mallikarjuna, W/o
7 V.Mallikarjuna, No.43, TGS Layout, 389 ODBS 4.00 Revenue 1 Mallapura Sandur 26.11.2008 10 Years 25.11.2018
Moka Road, Bellary.
Siddi Minerals , No.43, TGS Layout,
8 391 ODBS 2.00 Revenue 711 H.K.Halli Sandur 26.11.2008 10 Years 25.11.2018
Moka Road, Bellary.
21K.Basavaramaiah, #148/A, Ward ODBS
9 399 3.00 Revenue 168 Basavanadurga Hosapete 29.11.2008 10 Years 28.11.2018
No:22, J.P Nagar, Hosapete
M.Ramesh Kumar S/o Veervasant
10 Rao, K.K.Pura, Rampura Post, 400 ODBS 3.25 Revenue 236 Halasagara Kudligi 17.12.2008 10 Years 16.12.2018
Molkalmuru Tq, Chitradurga
Kailash Stone Crusher, No.125(F), ODBS
11 403 5.00 Revenue 236 Halasagara Kudligi 19.12.2008 10 Years 18.12.2018
Goggarhatti, Bangalore Road, Bellary.
Kailash Stone Crusher, No.125(F),
12 404 ODBS 2.00 Revenue 236 Halasagara Kudligi 19.12.2008 10 Years 18.12.2018
Goggarhatti, Bangalore Road, Bellary.
S.Sridhara, S/o Subramanya,
ODBS Hos
13 No.121/A, 22nd ward, J.P.Nagar, 422 4.00 Revenue 63 Gollarahalli 06.02.2009 10 Years 05.02.2019
apete
Hosapete
N.Lakshmaiah S/o Champaiah,
14 Kerekondapura Village, 465 ODBS 1.63 Revenue 307 Kalingeri Sandur 23.06.2010 10 Years 22.06.2020
Tq:Molakalmuru, Dist:Chitradurga.
A.B.Stone Crshurs, KRS Compund, ODBS
15 476 5.60 Revenue 239 Varadapura H.B.Halli 30.06.2010 10 Years 29.06.2020
H.B.Colony, Bellary Road, Hosapete.
A.Reeta Prop: Annai Stone Crusher,
16 493 ODBS 3.00 Revenue 605/C D.N.Kare Hosapete 09.08.2011 10 Years 08.08.2021
HES Colony, TB Dam, Hosapete
Sri B.S.Ramachandra Rao, Partner, Sri
17 Raghavendra Enterprises, 498 ODBS 3.00 Revenue 849 Choranuru Sandur 09.12.2013 5 Years 08.12.2018
Bhommaghatta, Sandur Taluk
22Sri B.G.Siddanagouda S/o B.G
18 Ujjanagouda, Bhujanga Nagar, Sandur 499 ODBS 3.00 Revenue 849 Choranuru Sandur 09.12.2013 5 Years 08.12.2018
Taluk
S.Abdul Sajid S/o S.Abdul Wahad,
19 #209, 7th Ward, P.K Streat, Bruspet, 501 ODBS 2.00 Revenue 122 Malapura Sandur 19.01.2015 5 Years 18.01.2020
Ballari
L.Nagendra Naik S/o Lakshma Naik,
20 502 ODBS 2.00 Revenue 222 Halasagara Kudligi 09.02.2015 5 Years 08.02.2020
Appayyanahalli Thanda, Kudligi Taluk
V.Shivaprakash, Hamsa sadana,
21 Behind Phoolban School, Eshwara 503 ODBS 3.50 Revenue 372/C2 Dashamapura H.B.Halli 11.02.2015 5 Years 10.02.2020
Nagar, Hosapete
Sri K. Zaheer Ahmed
Devarabuddena
22 S/o K.Kareem Ahmed, #270/2, CB 504 ODBS 4.00 Revenue 62 Sandur 23.02.2015 5 Years 22.02.2020
halli
Main Road, Ballari
Sri K.Farooq Ahmed
ODBS Devarabuddena
23 S/o K. Zaheer Ahmed, #268/3, CB 505 4.00 Revenue 62 Sandur 23.02.2015 5 Years 22.02.2020
halli
Main Road, Ballari
Sri B. Naganagouda
S/o Late. B.Kumargouda,
24 507 ODBS 25.00 Revenue 240 Kalingeri Sandur 26.06.2015 5 Years 25.06.2020
#2198, BKG House, KHB Colony,
Sandur, Ballari District.
Sri Manjunath Hiremath
25 S/o Bakkappaiah H.M 508 ODBS 3.50 Revenue 240 Kalingeri Sandur 23.09.2015 5 Years 22.09.2020
#434, Teachers Colony, Sandur.
23M/s Kottureshwara Enterprises
26 Prop: S.H.M Shivalingamurthy 509 ODBS 7.00 Revenue 240 Kalingeri Sandur 23.09.2015 5 Years 22.09.2020
#695, SMIORE Colony, Sandur
Sri K.Anka Rao
S/o Subba Rao
27 329 ODBS 5.25 Revenue 122 Malapura Sandur 07.10.2015 5 Years 06.10.2020
D.No:50/C, Vijaya Nagar Colony,
Cantonment, Ballari. (1st Renewal)
Sri R.Ramakrishna
S/o R.Chinnavenkateshwaralu,
28 Vishveshwaraiah Nagar, 330 ODBS 3.00 Revenue 122 Malapura Sandur 07.10.2015 5 Years 06.10.2020
10th Cross, Kappagal Road,
Ballari. (1st Renewal)
Sri Shankarappa
29 S/o Siddappa, 510 ODBS 2.50 Revenue 240 Kalingeri Sandur 07.10.2015 5 Years 06.10.2020
D.Anthapura, Sandur Taluk
M/s Shree Enterprises
C/o Raghuvamshi Hardware and Ply ODBS
30 511 6.50 Revenue 273 Banavikallu Kudligi 13.10.2015 5 Years 12.10.2020
Opp: Hotel Malligi, J.F Road,
Hosapete, Ballari District.
Sri D.Rajgopal Reddy
Srinivasa Nilaya
31 512 ODBS 6.00 Revenue 414 Kudligi Kudligi 13.10.2015 5 Years 12.10.2020
Housing Board Colony, J.P Nagar,
Hosapete.
24Sri D.Srinivas Rao,
S/o D.Nagendra Rao
ODBS Chikka
32 #.292/40, 5th Cross, 16th Ward, 513 7.00 Revenue 418 Sandur 14.10.2015 5 Years 13.10.2020
kereyaginahalli
Basaveshwara Badavane,
Hosapete
Sri S.Ramakrishnareddy
S/o S.Anki Reddy
33 514 ODBS 8.50 Revenue 240 Kalingeri Sandur 15.10.2015 10 Years 14.10.2025
Ishwarya Colony, Cantonment,
Ballari.
Sri K.Bhaskarkumar
S/o K.Koteshwara Rao
No:1G/2G/112, ODBS
34 515 4.00 Revenue 240 Kalingeri Sandur 15.10.2015 10 Years 14.10.2025
Opp: Govt. Hospital, 1st Ward,
Hiremat Colony, Bapuji Nagar
Kudligi.
Sri K.Rajesh
S/o K.Koteshwara Rao
35 No:1G/2G/112, Opp: Govt. Hospital, 516 ODBS 3.00 Revenue 240 Kalingeri Sandur 16.10.2015 10 Years 15.10.2025
Hiremat Colony, Bapuji Nagar,
Kudligi.
Sri B.Srinivasaraju
36 5th Main, Near Park, M.J Nagar, 517 ODBS 5.00 Revenue 240 Kalingeri Sandur 16.10.2015 10 Years 15.10.2025
Hosapete.
25Sri Bandarupalli Srikanth
S/o Prasad Rao
37 #204, Kerekondapura Road, 518 ODBS 2.00 Revenue 240 Kalingeri Sandur 21.10.2015 10 Years 20.10.2025
Rampura, Molakalmuru Taluk
Chitradurga District.
Sri Gowtham Inturi
D.No:1G/2B/79, ODBS
38 519 8.00 Revenue 240 Kalingeri Sandur 28.10.2015 10 Years 27.10.2025
Ward No:1, Bapuji Nagar
Kudligi.
Raghu S/o Sadanandhachar,
39 Thambralli Village, 520 ODBS 4.50 Revenue 137/A Hosakeri H.B.Halli 06.11.2015 5 Years 05.11.2020
Hagaribommanahalli Taluk.
Sri M. Maresha
S/o M.Basappa, 14th Ward, ODBS
40 521 5.00 Revenue 233 Moraba Kudligi 20.11.2015 5 Years 19.11.2020
Old Chapparadahalli, Sandur, Ballari
District
Smt. Pushpa Karibasappa
W/o A.S Karibasappa
41 522 ODBS 1.60 Revenue 191 Anekallu H.B.Halli 21.11.2015 10 Years 20.11.2025
Nanda-Nilaya, Ramanagara,
Hagaribommanahalli.
Sri Govindaraj Kenche
S/o Nagaraj Kenche
42 R/o Shree Lakshmi Nivasa, 21st Ward, 523 ODBS 6.00 Revenue 137/A Hosakeri H.B.Halli 13.01.2016 5 Years 12.01.2021
Near Kattananjappa School, JP Nagar.
Hosapete.
26Sri T.Gopal
43 S/o Bheemavva, Myasakeri, 33rd 453 ODBS 5.00 Revenue 137/A Hosakeri H.B.Halli 25.01.2016 5 Years 24.01.2021
ward, Hosapete (1st Renewal)
Sri C. Hassain Sab,
44 S/o C. Abdul sab, 14th Ward, Teachers 524 ODBS 6.50 Revenue 306 Mallapura Sandur 16.03.2016 5 Years 15.03.2021
Colony, Sandur
Sri C. Hassain Sab,
45 S/o C. Abdul sab, 14th Ward, Teachers 525 ODBS 4.00 Revenue 306 Mallapura Sandur 16.03.2016 5 Years 15.03.2021
Colony, Sandur
Sri Bangari Hanumantha
S/o B. Somappa, Near Amardevara
46 Veerabhadreshwara Talkies 424 ODBS 5.75 Revenue 98 Kudligi 21.04.2016 10 Years 20.04.2026
Gudda
Sandur Road, Kudligi,
Ballari District. (1st Renewal)
Sri B. Shivamurthy S/o Subbanna, ODBS
47 526 3.00 Revenue 346 Kalingeri Sandur 22.04.2016 5 Years 21.04.2021
Taranagara, Sandur Taluk
Sri B.K Basavaraj
48 #2198, BKG House, KHB Colony, 527 ODBS 13.00 Revenue 415 C.K.Halli Sandur 27.04.2016 5 Years 26.04.2021
Sandur- 583119, Ballari District.
Smt. Sunitha Mallikarjuna
W/o B. Mallikarjuna
49 Door No: 43,TGS Layout, 369 ODBS 4.00 Revenue 711 H.K.Halli Sandur 27.04.2016 10 Years 26.04.2026
Moka Road, Gandhinagar,
Ballari 583103. (1st Renewal)
Sri Allam Prashanth, White
50 2300 12.00 Revenue 96 Devalapura Hosapete 20.03.2001 20 years 19.03.2021
Gadagi Place, Car Street, Ballari. Quartz
27Sri R.Balaramudu, Mine Owner
White
51 2nd Stage, Raghavendra Colony, 2311 1.58 Revenue 84 Appalapura Sandur 15.06.2001 20 years 14.06.2021
Quartz
Ananthapura Road, Ballari.
Smt.P.Sarsa Bai, W/o.Sri.R.Chandra White
52 Naik House No:58/61, Youth Hostel 2647 Quartz 44.90 Revenue 31 Belgal Ballari 23.09.2010 20 years 22.09.2030
Road, Cantonment, Ballari.
Sri.M.Neelakantappa, 1/A, 29th Ward, White
53 2nd Cross, M.J Nagar, Near Citi 2415 Quartz 10.65 Pvt Land 552 Kolgal Ballari 30.07.2003 20 years 29.07.2023
Hospital, Hospete, Ballari (Dist)
Sri.Y.DoddaBasappa, Belgal (Post), White
54 2351 Quartz 2.00 Pvt Land 21 Belgal Ballari 09.05.2002 20 years 08.05.2022
Ballari (Dist)
Sri.Shivanna S/o.Pakirappa,
55 Honnahalli (V), Bandihatti (P), BLR-320 ODBS 1.00 Revenue 294 Honalli Ballari 06.08.2009 05 Years 05.08.2014
Ballari (T) & (Dist)
Sri.N.Srinivas S/o.Venkata Rao,
56 BLR-325 ODBS 3.00 Revenue 76 Lakshmipura Ballari 27.01.2010 05 Years 26.01.2015
No:206/A, Mustagatta, Ballari
M/s R.K Infra & Engineering (India)
57 Pvt Ltd, Plot No:24, Vijaya mouli BLR-326 ODBS 5.00 Revenue 234/B Sindhavala Ballari 16.02.2010 05 Years 15.02.2015
Nilaya, I main, Jaya Nagar, Ballari
M/s Tirumala Venkateshwar Stone
58 Crusher, C/o.K.Venubabu Timalapura BLR-327 ODBS 5.00 Revenue 666 Kurugodu Ballari 10.05.2010 05 Years 09.05.2015
(V), Kudithini(P), Ballari (Dist)
M/s Md.Habeebulla Basha Stone
59 Crushing Unit, No:5, W.No:23 CB BLR-300 ODBS 0.50 Revenue 151 Honalli Ballari 03.07.2008 05 Years 02.07.2013
Ballari
M/s Sri Sai Shankara Stone Crusher
60 C/o.Appa Rao, Lakshmipura (V), BLR-328 ODBS 2.00 Revenue 76 Lakshmipura Ballari 18.05.2010 05 Years 17.05.2015
Kurugodu (P), Ballari (Dist)
Sri.N.Rudragouda S/o.N.Rajashekara
61 BLR-329 ODBS 0.20 Revenue 666 Kurugodu Ballari 26.05.2010 05 Years 25.05.2015
gouda, Kurugodu(P), Ballari (Dist)
28M/s Md.Habeebulla Basha Stone
62 Crushing Unit, No:5, W.No:23 CB BLR-340 ODBS 1.00 Revenue 151 Honalli Ballari 18.07.2011 05 Years 17.07.2016
Ballari
M/s Md.Habeebulla Basha Stone
63 Crushing Unit, No:5, W.No:23 CB BLR-341 ODBS 0.50 Revenue 151 Honalli Ballari 18.07.2011 05 Years 17.07.2016
Ballari
M/s Md.Habeebulla Basha Stone
64 Crushing Unit, No:5, W.No:23 CB BLR-342 ODBS 1.25 Revenue 151 Honalli Ballari 18.07.2011 05 Years 17.07.2016
Ballari
Sri.M.Sreedhar S/o.Bhogaraju, No:128
65 Krishna Nagar Camp, Yerrangli(P) BLR-343 ODBS 2.00 Revenue 76 Lakshmipura Ballari 24.09.2011 05 Years 23.09.2016
Ballari (Dist)
Sri.G.Srinivas, S/o.Smt.Krishnaveni
66 No:148, Karknakunte Masjid Left road BLR-337 ODBS 1.50 Revenue 30A/7 Bevinahalli Ballari 27.06.2011 05 Years 26.06.2016
Devi Nagar, Ballari
Sri.G.Srinivas, S/o.Smt.Krishnaveni
67 No:148, Karknakunte Masjid Left road BLR-338 ODBS 1.00 Revenue 30A/7 Bevinahalli Ballari 27.06.2011 05 Years 26.06.2016
Devi Nagar, Ballari
Sri.N.Ravi Kumar, Bhuvanagiri
68 Colony, Near Jagadamba Temple, BLR-301 ODBS 1.50 Revenue 354 Halekote Siruguppa 29.08.2008 05 Years 28.08.2013
Siruguppa Road, Ballari
Sri.V.Murali Krishna
69 S/o.V.V.Raghavaiah, No:45/161, BLR-307 ODBS 5.00 Revenue 594 Halekote Siruguppa 15.12.2008 05 Years 14.12.2013
Havambhavi, Siruguppa road, Ballari
Sri.Jayaprakash Reddy, M/s Lakshmi
Ganapathi Enterprises, No:49, Gannu
70 Neelamma Nilaya, 2nd Link, Krishna BLR-311 ODBS 5.00 Revenue 594 Halekote Siruguppa 23.01.2009 05 Years 22.01.2014
Nagar, Ballari road, Siruguppa (P)
Ballari (Dist)
Sri.P.A.Ramakoteshwara Rao
71 BLR-312 ODBS 4.00 Revenue 354 Halekote Siruguppa 27.01.2009 05 Years 26.01.2014
S/o.Chinna Hanumaiah,
29C/o.Lakshmana Rao, Tekkalakote(V)
Siruguppa (T), Ballari (Dist)
Sri.Shekappa S/o.Kempa Hanumaiah
72 W.No:2 Halekote(P), Siruguppa (T), BLR-321 ODBS 1.00 Revenue 594 Halekote Siruguppa 26.09.2009 05 Years 25.09.2014
Ballari (Dist)
Sri.Shekappa S/o.Kempa Hanumaiah
73 W.No:2 Halekote(P), Siruguppa (T), BLR-322 ODBS 1.00 Revenue 253 Halekote Siruguppa 26.09.2009 05 Years 25.09.2014
Ballari (Dist)
Sri.Makineni Sai Baba S/o.Venkatesh
Plot No:23, Bhuvanagiri Colony, Near
74 BLR-324 ODBS 3.00 Revenue 528 Halekote Siruguppa 13.11.2009 05 Years 12.11.2014
Jagadamba Temple, Siruguppa Road,
Ballari
Sri.C.Yantrodharaka S/o.Late Venkata
75 Ramana, No:138 & 139, Sabha Pathi BLR-335 ODBS 5.00 Revenue 528 Halekote Siruguppa 18.04.2011 05 Years 17.04.2016
Street, Ballari
Sri.C.Yantrodharaka S/o.Late Venkata
76 Ramana, No:138 & 139, Sabha Pathi BLR-336 ODBS 5.00 Revenue 528 Halekote Siruguppa 18.04.2011 05 Years 17.04.2016
Street, Ballari
Sri.G.Srinivas, S/o.Smt.Krishnaveni
77 No:148, Karknakunte Masjid Left road BLR-344 ODBS 2.00 Revenue 526 Halekote Siruguppa 04.10.2011 05 Years 03.10.2016
Devi Nagar, Ballari
Sri.G.Srinivas, S/o.Smt.Krishnaveni
78 No:148, Karknakunte Masjid Left road BLR-345 ODBS 1.50 Revenue 526 Halekote Siruguppa 04.10.2011 05 Years 03.10.2016
Devi Nagar, Ballari
Sri.Vamshi Krishna, S/o.Veerabhadra
79 rao, W.No:14, Tekkalakote(V) BLR-346 ODBS 1.50 Revenue 594 Halekote Siruguppa 15.11.2011 05 Years 14.11.2016
Siruguppa (T), Ballari (Dist)
Sri.Vamshi Krishna, S/o.Veerabhadra
80 rao, W.No:14, Tekkalakote(V) BLR-347 ODBS 2.00 Revenue 594 Halekote Siruguppa 15.11.2011 05 Years 14.11.2016
Siruguppa (T), Ballari (Dist)
81 Sri.Naqeeb Ahmed, S/o.Mohammed QL-595 Granite 4.22 Revenue 339 Genikehal Ballari 30.06.2003 20Years 29.06.2023
30Valiulla, Near Venkateshawara
Temple, S.N.Pet Kampli(P), Hospete
Sri.Mohammed Muneeb Ahmed
82 S/o.Mohammed Habeeb Ulla, NGO QL-596 Granite 2.22 Revenue 339 Genikehal Ballari 30.06.2003 20Years 29.06.2023
Colony, Post Office road, Challakere
M/s Jubilee Granites India Pvt Ltd
83 QL-203 Granite 7.00 Revenue 82 Dammur Ballari 18.08.1998 10Years 17.08.2008
Dammur (V), Ballari (Dist)
Sri.G.G.Jayarama Reddy, 1st Main, 5th
84 QL-606 Granite 1.00 Revenue 82 Dammur Ballari 20.10.2003 10Years 19.10.2013
Cross, Basaveshwara Nagar, Ballari
Sri.G.G.Jayarama Reddy, 1st Main, 5th
85 QL-607 Granite 1.00 Revenue 82 Dammur Ballari 20.10.2003 10Years 19.10.2013
Cross, Basaveshwara Nagar, Ballari
M/s Jubilee Granites India Pvt Ltd
86 QL-899 Granite 45.00 Pvt Land 79/A Dammur Ballari 30.12.2013 10Years 29.12.2023
Dammur (V), Ballari (Dist)
Sri.A.Veeresh, S/o.A.Nagaraj, KHB
87 Colony, Near Rotary Club, Sandur(P) QL-635 Granite 2.00 Revenue 107/A Dasapura Siruguppa 18.03.2004 10Years 17.03.2014
Ballari (Dist)
Sri.A.Veeresh, S/o.A.Nagaraj, KHB
88 Colony, Near Rotary Club, Sandur(P) QL-636 Granite 5.00 Revenue 107/A Dasapura Siruguppa 18.03.2004 10Years 17.03.2014
Ballari (Dist)
Sri.T.M.Shaikshavali S/o.T.Mehaboob
89 Sab, Darga Street, Sandur(P), Ballari QL-637 Granite 5.00 Revenue 107/D2 Dasapura Siruguppa 30.01.2009 10Years 29.01.2019
(Dist)
Sri.T.Khasim Peer C/o.NMPL Granites
90 QL-843 Granite 8.00 Revenue 107/D2 Dasapura Siruguppa 05.07.2010 10Years 06.07.2020
Pvt Ltd, Sandur(P), Ballari (Dist)
Sri.G.G.Anand Murthy Basaveshwara
91 Khanavali, Near Bus Stand, QL-847 Granite 1.00 Revenue 79/A Nadavi Siruguppa 15.05.2002 10Years 14.05.2012
Kampli(P), Hospete
Sri.S.N.Mallikarjuna S/o.Nagappa,
92 Near Old Police Quarters, Sirigeri(V) QL-493 Granite 1.00 Revenue 486/A Sirigeri Siruguppa 16.02.2002 20Years 15.02.2022
Siruguppa (T), Ballai (Dist)
3104. Details of production of Royalty / Revenue received in last three years.
Revenue received in last 03 years
Sl. No Year **Major Mineral (in Rs.) Minor Mineral (in Rs.)
1 2013-14 6218728253+00.00= 68134767+00.00=
2 2014-15 7108325018+00.00= 53800383+00.00=
3 2015-16 5370253147+00.00= 58797213+00.00=
**Disposal of iron ore in the district is through e-auction by the Monitoring Committee
05. Detail of production of Sand/Bajari/Minor minerals in last three years.
Sand Mining / Transportation details from PWD
Year Production Of Sand (Cu. Meters)
2013-14 265545.17
2014-15 119445.59
2015-16 104707.00
TOTAL 489697.76
06. Process of Deposition of sediments in the rivers of the District.
Sand deposition in the district is by fluvial process. i.e. weathering,
scouring, sediment transportation by water course and settlement of Bed load at
places where the current velocity suddenly drops.
Sediment refers to the conglomerate of materials, organic and inorganic,
that can be carried away by water, wind or ice. While the term is often used to
indicate soil-based, mineral matter (e.g. clay, silt and sand), decomposing
organic substances and inorganic biogenic material are also considered
sediment. Most mineral sediment comes from erosion and weathering, while
organic sediment is typically detritus and decomposing material such as algae.
These particulates are typically small, with clay defined as particles less than
0.00195 mm in diameter, and coarse sand reaching up only to 1.5 mm in
diameter. However, during a flood or other high flow event, even large rocks
can be classified as sediment as they are carried downstream. Sediment is a
naturally occurring element in many bodies of water, though it can be
32influenced by anthropogenic factors. Sediment transport is the movement of
organic and inorganic particles by water. In general, greater the flow, more the
sediment that will be conveyed. Water flow can be strong enough to suspend
particles in the water column as they move downstream, or simply push them
along the bottom of a waterway. Transported sediment may include mineral
matter, chemicals and pollutants, and organic material. Another name for
sediment transport is sediment load. The total load includes all particles moving
as bedload, suspended load, and wash load. Sediment transport is not constant.
In fact, it is constantly subject to change. In addition to the changes in sediment
load due to geology, geomorphology and organic elements, sediment transport
can be altered by other external factors. The alteration to sediment transport can
come from changes in water flow, water level, weather events and human
influence.
Bed load is the portion of sediment transport that rolls, slides or bounces
along the bottom of a waterway. This sediment is not truly suspended, as it
sustains intermittent contact with the streambed, and the movement is neither
uniform nor continuous. Bed load occurs when the force of the water flow is
strong enough to overcome the weight and cohesion of the sediment. While the
particles are pushed along, they typically do not move as fast as the water
around them, as the flow rate is not great enough to fully suspend them. Bed
load transport can occur during low flows (smaller particles) or at high flows
(for larger particles). Approximately 5-20% of total sediment transport is bed
load. In situations where the flow rate is strong enough, some of the smaller bed
load particles can be pushed up into the water column and become suspended.
Sand is a residual material of preexisting rocks. It is therefore composed
of minerals that were already there in the rocks before the disintegration
commenced. However, there is one important aspect - sand occurs in a harsh
environment where only the strongest survive.
33Quartz is one of these minerals but not the only one. It is so dominant in
most sand samples because it is so abundant. 12% of the crust is composed of it.
Only feldspars are more abundant than quartz.
Relatively rare minerals like tourmaline, zircon, rutile, etc. are also very
resistant to weathering, but they rarely make up more than few percents of the
composition of sand.
Sand forms mostly by the chemical and/or physical breakdown of rocks.
This process is collectively known as weathering. Physical and chemical
weathering are usually treated separately, but in reality they usually go hand in
hand and it is often difficult to separate one from another because they tend to
support each other.
Chemical weathering is much more important sand-producing factor
overall. It operates most efficiently in humid and hot climate. Physical
weathering dominates in cold and/or dry areas. Weathering of bedrock which
produces sand usually takes place in soil. Soil covers bedrock as a thin layer,
providing moisture for the disintegration process of rocks.
Granite is a common rock type and serves as a great example of sand
forming processes. Granite is composed of feldspar (pink and white) which
decomposes chemically into clay minerals. Another important constituent of
granite is quartz (gray). Quartz is very resistant to chemical weathering. It does
not alter to any other mineral - quartz is quartz and will remain that way. It
eventually goes into solutions but very slowly. Hence, disintegrated granite
yields lots of quartz grains which will be transported mostly by running water as
sand grains.
Sand is transported by rivers, but average sand grains are too large and
heavy for Average River to carry them in suspension. Hence, sand grains tend to
move in jumps. They are lifted up by more energetic current and settle out when
current velocity decreases and then wait for the next jump. This mode of
34movement is known as saltation. Average silt grain moves differently. It is
light-weight enough to be carried in suspension for a long time and this is
actually one of the most important reasons why we treat silt separately from
sand.
Most sand grains carried by the rivers are eventually deposited at the river
mouths where the current velocity suddenly drops.
Sediment builds up on human-made breakwaters because they reduce the
speed of water flow, so the stream cannot carry as much sediment load.
Sediment is transported based on the strength of the flow that carries it and its
own size, volume, density, and shape. Stronger flows will increase the lift and
drag on the particle, causing it to rise, while larger or denser particles will be
more likely to fall through the flow. Rivers and streams carry sediment in their
flows. This sediment can be in a variety of locations within the flow, depending
on the balance between the upwards velocity on the particle (drag and lift
forces), and the settling velocity of the particle.
07. GENERAL PROFILE OF THE DISTRICT:
Ballari district is spread from southwest to northeast and is situated on the
eastern side of Karnataka state. The district is 15° 30' and 15°50' north latitude
and 75° 40' and 77° 11' east longitude. This district is bounded by Raichur
district on the north, Koppal district on the west, Chitradurga and Davanagere
districts on the south, and Anantapur and Kurnool districts of Andhra Pradesh
on the east. It comes under the administrative control of Gulbarga division and
development jurisdiction of H.K.D.B, Gulbarga. The District comprises of 7
Taluks namely, Ballari, Sandur, Hosapete, Siraguppa, Kudligi, Huvina Hadagali
and Hagari Bommanahalli.
35Salient features of the District:-
Sl. No. Geographical Area 8420 sq. Km.
1 No. of Habitations 1034
2 No. of Revenue Villages 522
3 No. of Grama panchayats 189
4 No. of Hoblies 27
5 No. of Town panchayats 7
6 No. of Revenue Blocks 7
7 No. of Education Blocks 8
8 No. of Town Municipalities 1
9 No. of City Municipal Councils 1
10 No. of City Corporations 1
11 No. MLA Constituency 9
12 No. MP Constituency 1
3637
BELLARY DISTRICT INDICATING KARNATAKA STATE MAP
3839
7.1 Demography:-
As per 2011 census the population of the district stood at 2532383 (Male
: 12,80402, Female : 12,51981).The geographical area is 8447 sq. km. It has 2
revenue sub divisions, Ballari subdivision and Hospet subdivision, which in all
have seven taluks. The Ballari subdivision has 3 taluks viz Ballari, Sandur &
siraguppa, while there are four taluks viz Hosapete, Kudligi,
Hagaribommanahalli and Huvinahadagali taluks in Hospet subdivision. There
are 27 hoblies, two CMC's, one town municipality, seven town panchayats, 542
revenue villages, and 436 thandas/habitations. The rural population constitute
62% of the total population. The density of population is 290 per sq. km. The
scheduled caste/scheduled tribe population constitute 39.50% of the total
population. The sex-ratio was 983.
40Table : BELLARY DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILES
Description 2011 2001
Actual Population 2,532,383 2,027,140
Male 1,280,402 1,029,714
Female 1,251,981 997,426
Population Growth 24.92% 22.41%
Area Sq. Km 8,439 8,439
Density/km2 300 240
Proportion to Karnataka Population 4.14% 3.84%
Sex Ratio (Per 1000) 978 969
Child Sex Ratio (0-6 Age) 954 947
Average Literacy 67.85 57.4
Male Literacy 77.24 69.2
Female Literacy 58.28 45.28
Total Child Population (0-6 Age) 341,804 319,086
Male Population (0-6 Age) 174,946 163,892
Female Population (0-6 Age) 166,858 155,194
Literates 1,486,230 980,483
Male Literates 853,834 599,137
Female Literates 632,396 381,346
Child Proportion (0-6 Age) 13.50% 15.74%
Boys Proportion (0-6 Age) 13.66% 15.92%
Girls Proportion (0-6 Age) 13.33% 15.56%
4108. Land Utilization pattern in the district: Forest, Agriculture,
Horticulture, Mining Etc:-
09. Climate, Temperature & Rainfall:-
The climate of Bellary district is quite moderate shows dryness in major
part of the year and a hot summer from March to May months where mean
maximum temperatures ranges from 23.2°C to 40.4°C. June to September is the
southwest monsoon period where the temperature 19.7°C to 35.1°C, October
and November is the post monsoon retreating monsoon season with clear bright
weather with the mean daily temperature ranges from 14.4°C to 31.1°C. During
December to February weather remains dry and comparatively cool season. The
skies clouded or overcast during southwest monsoon. During October and
November some of the depressions and cyclonic storms originates in Bay of
Bengal moving in a westerly to north westerly direction which passes through
42the district causing wide spread heavy rains and high winds. The mean
maximum temperature in the district is 40.4°C and the mean minimum
temperature is 14.3°C (January month). Relative humidity ranges from 48 to
74% in the morning and in the evening it ranges from 27% to 61%. The winds
are light to moderate with some strengthening in the south west monsoon.
During October to April, the winds blow from directions between north east and
south 6 east and are calm in morning. Winds blow southwest and northwest
direction during May to September with an average velocity of 12 kmph. These
high winds combined with higher temperature result in high degree of
evaporation to the tune of 12.5 mm/day in May against a minimum of 5.4
mm/day in the month of December. Bellary district receives rainfall from
southwest monsoon from June to September and northeast monsoon from
October to December. Overall on an average, there are 43 normal rainy days
(1901-1970), where minimum in Bellary taluk with 32.4 rainy days, maximum
in Sandur taluk with 56.4 rainy days. Actual rainy days recorded during the year
2005 ranged from 41 to 67 wherein Kudligi taluk is the minimum with 41 rainy
days and maximum is in Sandur taluk again with 67 rainy days. As per the 1951
to 1970 rainfall data analysis, the precipitation during southwest monsoon
accounts for 60% of the total amount of rainfall and during northeast monsoon it
is 24% the remaining 11.62% is sporadic in summer. September is the wettest
month in the year.
The district has a meteorological observatory at Bellary. The period from
the later half of November is the coolest part of the year. The temperature
begins to rise by the end of the February and by April it is hottest.
As per rainfall data from 2005 to 2012, the district has received an
average rainfall of 578.4mm. Details as follows:
43Year Average Rainfall Recorded (mm)
2005 754.7
2006 426.3
2007 426.3
2008 656.26
2009 878.71
2010 671.8
2011 366.1
2012 447
Total 4627.17
Average 578.40
10. Physiography Geomorphology and Soil Types:-
The district may be classified as Northern Maidan region with
monotonous, treeless, and expansive plateau landscape. The step like landscape,
hills and ridges are the general features of the northern maidan region. The
central part of the Bellary district is occupied by hills and plains to east and
west. The Sandur hills run North West of the district dividing the district in to
two distinct parts. The eastern part consists of Hospet, Bellary and Siruguppa
taluks. The western part consists of Hadagalli, Hagaribommanahalli, Kudligi
and Sandur taluks. The Tungabhadra River forms the eastern and northern
boundary of the district. The average elevation of the district is 493.71m amsl.
The Sandur hills are the main physical features with valley and its lush green
forest growth. It extends from Mallapuram on the bank of river Tungabhadra
and runs for 48 kms in the south easterly direction up to Bellary. The highest
elevation in the ridge is the famous Kumaraswamy hills which is 1084m amsl.
Ramanmalai (993.1m amsl) and jambunatha hill (908 m amsl) are the major
ridges in the district. The other ridges in the district are Ramagod (1058 m amsl)
and Donimalai (1027m amsl). Some of the isolated peaks in the district are
44Kallahalli gudda (836m amsl), Narasimhadevaragudda (775 m amsl), Gudekote
(836m amsl) and Bellary hills (602m amsl). The sandur hills, the
mallappanagudi and kallahalli gudda ranges are of dharwar schists while the rest
of the hills and clusters are of older granitic formation. The soils of the district
are derived from Granites, Gneisses and Schistose rocks. The Sandy loam soil
mixed with black and grey soil occurs along the stream beds. These are
originated from gneisses and granites. They are permeable and mildly alkaline
in nature. The thickness of the soil varies from 0.2 to 1.00m. The Red soil are
the major type of soil in the district, found mainly at elevated places especially
at fringes of hills due to decomposition of rocks and surrounding granitic and
gneissic 7 hills. These soils are with high permeability and neutral PH. Black
soil with high initial infiltration rate when dry and cracked. On getting wet
cracks will close and infiltration rate will be very low. These are derived from
schistose rocks. The Black soil is found in the prolonged submerged areas and
canal command areas having low Permeability. It is calcareous and mildly
alkaline in nature.
11. Geology & Mineral Wealth:-
Geology of the area is dated back to pre-Cambrian age. The rocks
occurring in the district can be broadly divided into two types namely a)
Schistose rocks of Dharwarian age b) Gneissess and granite belonging to PGC
& Closepet granite. The schistose rock occur as long and linear bands which
comprise of both sedimentary and volcanic suites subjected to low grade
regional metaphorphism and different phases of deformation. There are a few
major schist belts within the district, which trend in a general NorthWest-
SouthEast direction. They are named as i) SandurSchist Belt, ii) Pennar Hagari
Schist Belt, and iii) Southern part of Gadag Belt. While the western part of the
district exposes a fragment of metabasalt-gewacke sequence of Dharwar
Supergroup (Gadag Belt). The major portion of the sandur belt renowned for its
rich iron and manganese deposits occupy the central part of the district and
Hagari segment of Hungund-Kushtagi-Hagari belt is seen in the eastern part. In
all these belts, volcanic are represented by repetitive sequence of meta / basalt,
45You can also read