WHISPERS 2021 Sponsor Video Presentation - IEEE Whispers
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WHISPERS 2021
Sponsor Video Presentation
March 2021
Ross Nakatsuji
Product Manager Remote Sensing
Headwall Photonics
The following presentation is a brief overview of Solar-Induced Fluorescence, its
importance to plant researchers, and a high-resolution hyperspectral sensor designed
and deployed for imaging this phenomena.
Video filename: Headwall_SIF-Imaging-Sensor_March_2021_5-Min_1080p.mp4
Download location: https://headwallphotonics.sharefile.com/d-
s5ad67108e280413595935f715dad24eb
© 2021 Headwall Photonics, Inc. • Slide 1 CONFIDENTIAL
SOLAR-INDUCED
FLUORESCENCE
IMAGING SENSOR
Application & Product
Overview
March 2021
Ross Nakatsuji
Product Manager Remote Sensing
© 2021 Headwall Photonics, Inc. • Slide 2 CONFIDENTIAL
HEADWALL HIGH-END SYSTEMS
Co-Aligned VNIR-SWIR SIF Imaging Sensor
Integrated sensor system High spectral resolution sensor system
Outstanding SWaP (Size, Weight, and Power) SWaP optimized for deployment on manned aircraft
UAV turnkey or payload package Market for deployment on tower/tripod
© 2021 Headwall Photonics, Inc. • Slide 3
SOLAR-INDUCED FLUORESCENCE (SIF)
• Photosynthesis is a complex process
• Light is absorbed by chlorophyll-
containing plants and used in 3 ways:
– Photochemistry
– Heat dissipation
– Fluorescence emission
• Fluorescence emission (lower graph)
– PSI = photosystems I
– PSII = photosystems II
– Healthy leaves usually have a red peak
lower than the far-red peak
– Interest in 685–690nm and 730–740nm
Remote Sensing of solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) in vegetation: 50 years of
progress, Jing M. Chen, ed., Gina H. Mohammed, et al., Remote Sensing of Environment
231 (2019) 111177 © 2019 Elsevier Inc.
© 2021 Headwall Photonics, Inc. • Slide 4
BENEFITS TO UTILIZING SIF AS A PROXY
NASA Goddard G-LiHT flight over USDA ARS experimental farm with Headwall SIF Imaging Sensor
• Many plant health/stress measurements report on latent effects
– Damage is already done a while ago
– Beneficial factors may have disappeared
• Photosynthesis is a key process to plant health, crop production and atmospheric
CO2 reduction/carbon cycle
• Measurement of photosynthesis in real-time is critical to understanding
factors/mechanisms that are beneficial or harmful
– Symptoms can be detected using SIF before they become visible using other means
© 2021 Headwall Photonics, Inc. • Slide 5
RESEARCH STUDY TOPICS UTILIZING SIF
Topic1 Space Air / Field Greenhouse
Absorbed PAR2
Bacterial infection
Fungal infection
Diurnal dynamics
Seasonal dynamics
GPP & NPP3
Heat effects
Herbicide effects
Nitrogen deficit
Phenotyping
Stress detection
Water deficit
1 This list is not exhaustive. Source: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2019.04.030
2 Photosynthetically Active Radiation
3 Gross Primary Production & Net Primary Production (agriculture)
© 2021 Headwall Photonics, Inc. • Slide 6
CHALLENGES TO MEASURING SIF
• SIF is a weak signal that
competes with:
– Atmospheric effects
– Sensor characteristics
– Observation angle
• An effective and reliable SIF
Imaging Sensor must have:
– High spectral resolution
– Narrow bandpass (FWHM)
– Low stray light
– Low dark current
– Rugged construction for
airborne or field use
Right: Flow-chart of potential influences on SIF signal from Characterization of
FIREFLY, an Imaging Spectrometer Designed for Remote Sensing of Solar-Induced
Fluorescence, Ian Paynter, et al., Sensors 2020, 20, 4682; doi:10.3390/s20174682
© 2021 Headwall Photonics, Inc. • Slide 7
SIF MEASUREMENT PLATFORMS
Different platforms used for top-of-canopy SIF measurements applied over time at different scales and spatial resolutions.
Top of NEON ecological sensor tower added above drone illustration. Source of original graphic: Sensors 2020, 20, 1144;
doi:10.3390/s20041144
© 2021 Headwall Photonics, Inc. • Slide 8
IMPORTANCE OF THE ESA FLEX MISSION
• First satellite mission specifically designed to measure SIF
• Mission website provides live updates
• Current anticipated launch date is mid-2024
• High-resolution FLORIS (FLuORescence Imaging
Spectrometer is very similar in design to Headwall’s SIF
Imaging Sensor
• Many organizations such as NASA, NEON (National The potential of fluorescence to serve
Ecological Observatory Network), and major research as an early indicator of stress – that
is, before damage is irreversible – is a
universities have deployed or plan to deploy SIF major aspect to be considered in the
instrumentation exploitation of FLEX measurements,
since reflectance changes often are
– Provide higher spatial resolution than space-based imagery
detectable only in dramatic and/or
– Provide ground-truth for data produced by FLEX mission advanced cases of physiological strain
when remediation likely is too late. –
– Provide SIF data over time in order to observe changes ESA mission statement
© 2021 Headwall Photonics, Inc. • Slide 9
HEADWALL SIF IMAGING SENSOR
• Headwall’s SIF Imaging Sensor Package meets the
challenge:
– FWHM 0.1 – 0.2nm
– 0.051nm spectral sampling interval
– 671 – 780nm wavelength range 2019 Paul F. Forman Team
– 2134 spectral bands Engineering Excellence Award
– 1600 spatial pixels
– 23.5° Angular FOV with included 25mm lens
– High dynamic range 16-bit focal plane array (TE-cooled
sCMOS)
– Full CameraLink interface, 80-bit
– 6.3kg / 13.9lbs
– < 30W max power
– High-capacity Hyperspectral Data-Processing Unit with
removeable storage
© 2021 Headwall Photonics, Inc. • Slide 10 CONFIDENTIALVERY HIGH SPECTRAL RESOLUTION
Standard (~5nm) spectral resolution Chlorophyll Fluorescence Imager
Vibrational
features obscured Vibrational features
in the Oxygen A
band still apparent
SIF
SIF is still very
SIF not clearly apparent
apparent
© 2021 Headwall Photonics, Inc. • Slide 11 CONFIDENTIALPERFORMANCE VALIDATION
• Headwall SIF Imaging Sensor installed as
NASA Goddard’s FIREFLY (Fluorescence
Imaging of REd and Far-red Light Yield)
onboard G-LiHT (Goddard’s LiDAR,
Hyperspectral & Thermal Imager)
• Tested using GLAMR (Goddard’s Laser
for Absolute Measurement of Radiance)
• Absolute Spectral Response (ASR)
• Calibration
• Comparison to standard field
spectrometer
© 2021 Headwall Photonics, Inc. • Slide 12PERFORMANCE VALIDATION
* Laser wavelength
− Gaussian fit
− Band center
• Absolute Spectral Response (ASR) − FWHM
• Calibration
• Comparison to standard field
spectrometer (Ocean Insight QE Pro)
• Higher spectral resolution
• Lower dark current (not shown here)
© 2021 Headwall Photonics, Inc. • Slide 13 CONFIDENTIALEXAMPLE DEPLOYMENT
G-LiHT Airborne Observations
1) Calibration tarps, vegetation at USFS Intl. Institute of Tropical Forestry (IITF)
2) Native and exotic tropical tree species
• Botanical Garden of the University of Puerto Rico (UPR)
• Arboretum Parque Doña Inés
3) USFS, NSF, Smithsonian and university ground plots (island-wide)
VNIR Spectrometer FIREFLY Spectrometer
VNIR, SIF, thermal
and RGB imagers
3D FOV model
Fine-Resolution Stereo RGB
© 2021 Headwall Photonics, Inc. • Slide 14EXAMPLE DEPLOYMENT
G-LiHT Airborne Observations
• SIF Retrieval Example
• Approx. 50 data-flight hours
• Support Next-Gen Ecosystems DOE Project
Different retrieval methods
show similar spatial patterns
Ian Paynter, 618/Biospheric Sciences (B33, A107)
© 2021 Headwall Photonics, Inc. • Slide 15DEPLOYMENTS ON TOWERS/PLATFORMS
• Many existing non-imaging or low-spatial-res systems currently deployed
• Hundreds of environmental-observation towers in place worldwide
• Headwall SIF Imaging Sensor
provides high-quality spectral
and high-resolution spatial data
Brazil
Panama
FLUXNET Map circa 2015 View downward from top
© 2021 Headwall Photonics, Inc. • Slide 16HEADWALL SIF IMAGING SENSOR
• Application-specific sensor for Solar-Induced Fluorescence
• High spectral & spatial resolution
• Performance-validated
• Deploy on aircraft
• Deploy on observation towers
2019 Paul F. Forman Team
Engineering Excellence Award
• High-value, award-winning product
• Wavelength and radiometrically calibrated
© 2021 Headwall Photonics, Inc. • Slide 17 CONFIDENTIALWant to know more?
Contact me at:
RNakatsuji@headwallphotonics.com
Phone: +1-978-353-4051
w w w. h e a d w a l l p h o t o n i c s . c o m
© 2021 Headwall Photonics, Inc. • Slide 18SUPPLEMENTAL SLIDES
The following slides provide supplemental
information that might be useful.
© 2021 Headwall Photonics, Inc. • Slide 19SIF PHENOMENA
YouTube video Keeping an Eye on Photosynthesis...from Space!: https://youtu.be/xmomejWq2qs
© 2021 Headwall Photonics, Inc. • Slide 20SUPPLEMENTAL SLIDE: HEADWALL SIF DATA
Some relevant figures from Characterization of FIREFLY, an Imaging Spectrometer Designed for Remote Sensing
of Solar Induced Fluorescence, Sensors 2020, 20(17), 4682; https://doi.org/10.3390/s20174682
© 2021 Headwall Photonics, Inc. • Slide 21You can also read
