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210
April 2013 - No.
English edition
Close-up
BANANA
http://passionfruit.cirad.fr
Counter-season avocado in 2013:
slightly smaller potential on a
vigorous market!
Citrus and exotics:
monthly reviews
'All animals are equal, but some animals are more equal than
others' wrote George Orwell. This is something that everyone can check in their
lives, whether in the old European democracies or elsewhere. Tax inequality is a
common feature. The thousand and one ways of 'optimising' fiscal expenditure forms
a body of expertise with shop fronts. Transnational companies have made it one of
their basic principles for decades, making the profits appear where the taxes are
lowest. This is not necessarily fair play for everyone—both countries and people—
involved in a production chain, but it is legal. It is healthy accounts management in a
way but it does not go well with healthy social management. But it is the model and
there would seem to be little—including the current systemic crises—that could call it
into question. And then there is inequality in the face of regulations. France has just
given us another example of this. Bursting with good intentions, it wants to apply an
ecotax on heavy goods haulage. Various lobbies—including the dairy sector—hit the
roof and some regions are exonerated. Hauliers in Brittany are spared. But their
colleagues in Normandy cough up. The river Couesnon, the frontier between Brittany
and Normandy, marks the limit. Apart from anything else, this is going to revive an-
cestral enmities between the two regions. It can be seen that in questions of equality
before the law, the authorities have preferred once again to go for Orwell's Animal
Farm than apply Article 1 of the French Constitution: '…the equality of all citizens
before the law…'.
Denis Loeillet
Publisher
C ontents
Direct from the markets
Cirad
TA B-26/PS4 p. 2 MARCH 2013
34398 Montpellier cedex 5, France
Tel: 33 (0) 4 67 61 71 41
Fax: 33 (0) 4 67 61 59 28
• Banana: The United States market opens to Philippine bananas — India, the leading
Email: odm@cirad.fr country for Musaceae — Jump in the volumes of bananas sold in the EU in February
http://passionfruit.cirad.fr 2013 — French banana consumption continues to decrease.
Publishing Director • Avocado: Strong ambitions for avocado exports in the Dominican Republic —
Hubert de Bon
Enough for a monstrous quantity of guacamole!
Editors-in-chief
Denis Loeillet and Eric Imbert • Exotics (pineapple, mango): Development of Cape Verde fruit production.
Editor • Citrus (orange, easy peelers and grapefruit): Record sanction for Brazilian juice
Catherine Sanchez industry giants — Dark prospects for medium and long-term citrus production in
Computer graphics Florida and possibly Brazil — Two new easy peeler varieties coming soon from UC
Martine Duportal
Riverside — Florida grapefruit: less and less — Southern Africa: moving towards
Iconography another record year for citrus exports!
Régis Domergue
• Roots and tubers and other exotics
Website
Unité multimédia (Cirad) • Sea freight and sector news: L’évaluation de la durabilité by Franck-Dominique
Advertising Manager Vivien, Jacques Lepart and Pascal Marty.
Eric Imbert
E. Imbert, D. Loeillet, C. Dawson, P. Gerbaud, T. Paqui, R. Bright
Subscriptions
odm@cirad.fr
Translator
Simon Barnard The latest on...
Printed by
Impact Imprimerie p. 15 • Counter-season avocado in 2013:
n°483 ZAC des Vautes
34980 Saint Gély du Fesc, France
slightly smaller potential on a vigorous market!
Eric Imbert
Separate French and English editions
ISSN
French: 1256-544X / English: 1256-5458 Close-up by Denis Loeillet : BANANA
© Cirad p. 29 • The European banana market: a trompe-l’oeil effect
Subscription rate • European banana consumption: EU down and USA up!
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• The banana market in France: very disappointing sales
This document was produced by the Markets News
Service of the PERSYST department at CIRAD, for • The banana market in Spain: the Canary Islands increase their market share
the exclusive use of subscribers. The data pre-
sented are from reliable sources, but CIRAD may • The banana market in the United States: we are the champions
not be held responsible for any error or omission.
Under no circumstances may the published prices • The banana market in Russia: permanent restructuring
be considered to be transaction prices. Their aim is
to shed light on the medium and long-term market • The banana market in Asia: a market dominated by the Philippines
trends and evolutions. This publication is protected
by copyright, and all rights of reproduction and • World statistic panorama
distribution are prohibited.
• Pests and diseases
• Quality defects
• The genetic diversity of banana
Cover photograph: Denis Loeillet
No. 210 April 2013 1
Direct from the markets
Banana
March 2013
In spite of an overall increase in the India, the leading country Banana - India
supply of bananas, most markets be- for Musaceae. The Indian har- Production by region
came better balanced in March. How- vest is reported to have exceeded
ever, the seasonal increase in volumes the symbolic figure of 30 million
from several sources that had started in tonnes in 2012-13 for the first
February continued. Supply from the time. India is the leading world
French West Indies continued to in- producer of banana and plantain
crease very moderately but at levels that ahead of China, the Philippines Others
were 15% higher than the average. and Uganda (between 9 and 10 21% Tam il Nadu
Shipments from Africa continued to rise million tonnes). The main produc- 26%
to high levels with quantities from Cam- tion states are in the south (8 mil-
eroon still stable and higher than the lion tonnes in Tamil Nadu) and Karnataka
average and the start of the seasonal west of the country (slightly more 9%
i nc re ase in s hi p me nts fro m Cô t e than 4 million tonnes in the states
Maharashtra
d'Ivoire. Furthermore, the shortfall in Andhra 17%
of Gujarat and Maharashtra). Pradesh
dollar bananas continued to decrease.
Practically all the fruits are sold
Shipments from Costa Rica were similar 11% Gujarat
locally. Exports have totalled some
to last year's, the deficit in produce from 16%
45 000 t to 60 000 t in recent
Ecuador was smaller and Colombian
years, with shipments going
shipments increased distinctly. Demand
mainly to the markets in the Mid-
was slow at the beginning of the month
but after the end of the school holidays dle East.
Source: APEDA
in most countries it began to liven up in Source: Apeda
mid-March, especially because spring
has been late (cold weather and no or
© Clio Delanoue
little competition from the season's The United States
fruits) and promotion operations were market opens to Philippine
run. As a result, several markets re-
bananas. At the end of March,
gained their balance. Likewise, sales to
USDA authorised the entry of
Eastern European countries were bus-
ier. The fall in green prices seen in bananas from the Philippines to
France and Italy at the beginning of the USA, on condition that a
March was thus halted and prices re- drastic sanitary protocol is re-
mained stable until the end of the spected. The fruits must be
month, but slightly lower than the aver- grown with a system approach
age. Prices in Germany remained at the that limits the presence of fruit
same level throughout the month after flies and must be inspected by
the renegotiation of contracts for March- the Philippine officialdom. Each
April. Finally, the Spanish market kept a batch must also be accompa-
certain balance as arrivals of Canary nied by a phytosanitary certifi-
Island bananas were stable and slightly cate that guarantees traceabil-
short. The collapse of the Russian mar- ity and the absence of quaran-
ket continued with prices at record lows tine diseases. The Philippines
for the season after massive shipments export some 2 million tonnes of
since the beginning of the year. bananas each year, mainly to
Asia (Japan, South Korea and
NORTHERN EUROPE — IMPORT PRICE China) and the Middle East.
March Comparison Source: Reefer Trends
2013 previous average for
euro/box month last 2 years
14.80 0% - 6%
Allem agne
Germany - Prix
- Green (2nd
vert
price /3rdetbrands)
(2e 3e EUROPE — RETAIL PRICE
14.8 March 2013 Comparison
14.5 14.8
Country February average for last
type euro/kg
E 2013 3 years
U
euros/colis
R France normal 1.61 0% + 3%
euro/box
O special offer 1.46 + 8% + 10%
P Germany normal 1.37 + 2% + 4%
E discount 1.24 + 2% + 8%
UK (£/kg) packed 1.19 - 1% - 3%
J F M A M J J A S O N D loose 0.78 0% - 7%
Spain plátano 1.84 - 2% + 3%
2013 2012 2011 banano 1.33 + 3% - 3%
2 April 2013 No. 210
Direct from the markets
Banana
Etats-Unis - Prix
USA - Green vert
price (spot)
(spot) Jump in the volumes of Banana - France
U bananas sold in the EU in
N 17.9 17.6 Net supply in February
I 16.8 February 2013. Supply to the Euro- 49
T pean market increased again in Feb- 43 41 44 45
40 41 41
USD/colis
E ruary. After strong growth in January
USD/box
36
D (+ 4 %), this favourable trend was
confirmed in February with consump-
000 tonnes
S tion up by 3% to 435 000 t. This time,
T
A
imports drove the trend with an in-
T crease in arrivals of ACP and dollar
E J F M A M J J A S O N D produce. Shipments from Africa con-
S tinue to increase in February but at a
2013 2012 2011 reasonable rate: 5% against the previ-
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
ous 22%. The other ACPs gained
USA — IMPORT PRICE 10% in comparison with February
Comparison 2012. The increase was smaller from Sources: customs, CIRAD
March
2013
dollar suppliers at about 3%. Commu-
previous average for nity production confirmed the de-
USD/box month last 2 years
crease that started in November French banana consumption
16.00 0% - 15% 2012. On an individual basis, Panama continues to decrease. The Janu-
performed best with 17 000 t, a figure ary improvement did not last long.
not attained since June 2010. Costa Sales decreased substantially in Feb-
Russie -Russia - Green
Prix vert price
CIF St Petersburg Rica confirmed its good January per- ruary at 13% less than in 2012. On a
formance. Shipments increased from month on month basis, the shortage
14.8 Cameroon, Surinam and Brazil in was greatest in bananas from African
15.3
comparison with last year. Côte ACP sources—both Côte d’Ivoire and
R 13.3 d’Ivoire took breathing space after a Cameroon. Exports from French terri-
USD/box
U very positive January. Exports from
USD/colis
tory remained substantial. In spite of
S the Dominican Republic stabilised the increase in French production,
S after a catastrophic start to the year. the decrease in the supply of im-
I
A
Ecuadorian shipments remained ported bananas weighed on the
smaller than those of 2012. However, trend. The 36 000 tonnes sold in Feb-
the worst performance was that of ruary marked an almost historical low
J F M A M J J A S O N D Colombia which, with the exception of point. It is reminded that the average
2013 2012 2011 November, has seen exports de- for February since 2005 is 42 000
crease since July 2012. tonnes.
RUSSIA — IMPORT PRICE Source: CIRAD Source: CIRAD
March Comparison
Banana - January to February 2013 (provisional)
2013 previous average for Difference
month last 2 years tonnes 2011 2012 2013
USD/box 2013/2012
EU-27 — Total supply 824 579 852 807 881 493 + 3%
13.30 - 11% - 28% Total import, of which 737 901 751 376 785 523 + 5%
MFN 594 624 606 844 630 050 + 4%
ACP Africa 80 483 77 387 87 983 + 14%
Spain - Platano
Espagne green
- Prix vert price*
platano* ACP others 62 794 67 145 67 490 + 1%
Total EU, of which 86 678 101 431 95 970 - 5%
Martinique 16 542 25 891 22 910 - 12%
C 16.2 Guadeloupe 6 576 9 537 9 873 + 4%
A 15.0 Canaries 60 053 62 496 60 849 - 3%
N 14.0 EU sources: CIRAD, EUROSTAT (excl. EU domestic production)
euro/colis
euro/box
A
R
I
E EUROPE — IMPORTED VOLUMES — MARCH 2013
S
Comparison
J F M A M J J A S O N D Origin February March cumulated total 2013
2013 2012 compared to 2012
2013 2012 2011
French West Indies + 15% 0%
Cameroon/Ghana/Côte d’Ivoire + 13% + 18%
CANARIES — IMPORT PRICE* Surinam 0% + 3%
Comparison Canaries - 10% - 5%
March
2013 previous average for Dollar:
euro/box month last 2 years Ecuador - 22% - 22%
Colombia* + 18% + 10%
14.00 - 7% - 28% Costa Rica = - 7% - 2%
* 18.5 kg box equivalent Estimated thanks to professional sources / * total all destinations
4 April 2013 No. 210
Direct from the markets
Avocado
March 2013
The performance of the 'Hass market' Strong ambitions for Avocado - Dom inican Republic
was excellent once again with prices avocado exports in the Exports
and volumes sold increasing simultane- Dominican Republic. The FEDA
ously for the third month running. Sup- (Fondo Especial para el Desarrollo 0.4
ply of the European market was fairly Agropecuario — the Dominican 0.5
substantial in spite of limited arrivals of government's 'Special Fund for Ag- 0.2 0.4 0.4
green varieties. Arrivals of 'Hass' were ricultural Development') has de- 4.6
2.3
large. The Israeli and Spanish seasons cided to allocate some USD750 000 2.6
were still at their peak and exports held 2.8 3.7
for the strengthening of the avocado
000 tonnes
at higher than average levels. Chile export sector. This funding is des-
remained strongly present in the EU in tined for producers in the Cambita 0.1
spite of an increase in the United region and will be used for the reha- 0.5
States, and complementary Mexican bilitation of orchards and the devel-
supply was still substantial. However, opment of international sales, espe-
the market remained very tense and cially to the United States. The FAO 16.0 16.9 15.4
17.3
even under-supplied at the end of the reports that the Dominican Republic 14.6
month, proof of strongly growing sales is the second largest avocado pro- 11.5
on some markets. Prices firmed, with ducing country after Mexico, with an
the monthly average reaching levels annual harvest of around 300 000 t.
previously unseen for 'Hass' in March. Its position on the international mar-
ket is more modest as West Indian
type cultivars like 'Semil 34' form an 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
Avocado - France- -Prix
Avocat - France Import price
im port essential part of the orchards. Ex-
ports, with more than 80% shipped USA EU Others
2.8 to the United States, have oscillated
2.4 between 18 000 and 22 000 t in Source: national customs
2.0 recent years.
euro/kg
1.6
1.2 Sources: El Caribe, El nuevo diario
0.8
Enough for a monstrous
0.4
0.0 quantity of guacamole!
O N D J F M A M J J A S
Some 900 to 1 000 containers
of avocados per week, that is
12/13 11/12 10/11 to say about 18 000 t, are
shipped from Mexico to the
United States during the three
Average
Comparison weeks running up to the Su-
P price in
R
Varieties
France
with the last per Bowl. When the further
2 years volumes from other sources
I euro/box
C Green 7.00-7.50 + 28% are added to this, the 55 000 t
E imported to the USA during
Hass 9.50-10.00 + 17% this period is the equivalent of
a quarter of the volumes en-
V Comparison tering the EU in the year from
O September 2011 to August
Varieties previous average for
L 2012!
month last 2 years
U
M Green - 5% Sources: InfoHass.com, HAB
E
=
S Hass + 53% © Régis Domergue
Comparison Cumulated
total /
Source previous average for Observations cumulated
month last 2 years average for
last 2 years
V
Late end of the 'Hass' season. Volumes large during the first half of the
O Chile + 293% + 39%
month and still significant in the second.
L
U Arrivals of 'Hass' peaked at a significantly higher level than average,
M Israel = + 43% especially during the first fortnight. Decline of the season for green varieties - 2%
E but volumes larger than average.
S Supply still average in the EU in contrast with the practically total absence of
Mexico = + 3 400% + 132%
produce in the two preceding seasons.
The 'Hass' season continued strongly with quantities slightly larger than
Spain = + 10% + 12%
average. Green avocado season reaching the end with limited volumes.
No. 210 April 2013 5
Direct from the markets
Orange
March 2013
Confirmation of the improvement seen Record sanction for Brazilian
in February. Demand held at a fairly juice industry giants. Total fines
good level for the season thanks to cold of USD 227 million for Sucocitrico
weather favouring the purchase of cit- Cutrale, Louis Dreyfuss Commodi-
rus fruits, the small supply of competing ties, Citrovita and Fisher. The court in
fruits (apples and spring fruits) and Mataõ found that the companies in-
improved quality of the supply of or- fringed labour laws for more than
anges with 'Navelate' from Spain. The 10 years by setting up cooperatives
price of the latter variety was therefore whose sole function was the harvest-
increased, returning to an average level ing of fruits. The four companies con-
even though fairly large volumes were cerned are to appeal.
available for sale this season. The
prices of 'Salustiana' from Spain also Source: FoodNews
increased with the season for this vari-
ety finishing at the end of the month. Dark prospects for medium
The volumes of produce from other and long-term citrus production
sources remained very modest in West- in Florida and possibly Brazil. mortality on a moderate scale
ern Europe, with the exception of The situation is still precarious for the (99 million boxes in 2022-23) or a
'Maltese' from Tunisia that continued to Florida citrus sector according to the strong one (82 million boxes in 2022-
complete supply on the French market. conclusion of FDOC's biennial fore- 23) and if the rate of replanting were
cast. The decrease in world demand to remain small. The picture is no
for orange juice and the poor sanitary better in Brazil. The 2012 slump is
state of orchards, mainly because of reported to have led a large number
Orange France --Import
Orange - France Prix imprice
port the impact of greening, continue to of small growers to abandon citrus.
0.9
have a very negative effect on the Eduardo Teofilo of the specialised
0.8 sector. The most probable trend, with consultants GCONCI estimates that
0.7 the maintaining of replanting rates between 80 000 and 100 000 hec-
0.6 (small) and mortality rates (small), is tares of orange groves were grubbed
euro/kg
0.5 a decrease in production of about up. If the figure is confirmed, it would
0.4 14% by 2022-23 (down to 120 million
0.3 represent about 15% of the groves in
0.2
field boxes from 139 million this sea- the Sao Paulo region.
0.1 son). The decrease would be much
0.0 more marked with an increase in Source: FoodNews
O N D J F M A M J J A S
12/13 11/12 10/11 Orange - Florida - Evolution of production trends
Replanting rate = 50% of losses
Average Comparison 180
monthly with average 163 147
P Type
for last 2
160
R price
140 134 141 139
million field boxes
euro/box 15 kg years
I 120
C Dessert
oranges 10.50 + 4%
E 100
Juice 80
oranges 8.85 + 2%
60 Light losses (4%per year)
40 Average losses (6%per year)
Comparison
V 20 Strong losses (8%per year)
O Type previous average for 0
L month last 2 years
08/09 10/11 12/13 14/15 16/17 18/19 20/21 22/23
U
Dessert
M oranges + 21% Source: FDOC
E
S Juice = + 25%
oranges
Comparison Cumulated
Varieties total /
by previous average for Observations cumulated
V source month last 2 years average for
O last 2 years
L
U Navelate Volumes peaking at higher than the average, especially during the second
from Spain + 24% + 21%
M half of the month.
E Salustiana Season prolonged. Supply held at a practically steady level, higher than
S from Spain = + 25%
average, for the whole of the month.
+ 5%
Maltese Volumes smaller than the average. Season ending and uneven quality of
from Tunisia = - 20% - 10%
certain brands in the second half of the month.
6 April 2013 No. 210
storres@camposol.com.pe
Direct from the markets
Grapefruit
March 2013
Spring does not mean improvement on Two new easy Easy peelers — New varieties
the grapefruit market. Arrivals of fruits peeler varieties 'Encore LS' 'Nova Sin'
from Florida held at slightly above aver- coming soon from UC Harvest period Feb.-April Dec.-Feb.
age volumes while demand did not Riverside. 'Encore LS' Diameter 67 mm 65 mm
increase, especially because of the and 'Nova Sin' will be Brix* 15.5° 14.5°
disappointing peel quality of some launched by the Univer- Acidity* 1.10% 1.07%
batches. Prices decreased slightly and sity of California in July. Maximum number of seeds 2.6 0.9
remained close to cost price. The situa- The fruits of both varieties Yield 45-55 t/ha 45 t/ha
tion was no better for Mediterranean contain fewer than three * totally ripe / Source: University of Riverside
grapefruit. In spite of the early ending of seeds under conditions of strong
Turkish and Israeli seasons, supply 15 million field boxes in 2022-23 if
cross-pollination. They are resis- present trends remain unchanged:
was above average while demand re- tant to Alternaria and yields can
mained slow. Prices did not follow the tree mortality low at around 4% and
reach 45 tonnes per hectare. They low replanting rate representing half
seasonal upward movement and re- were bred by the irradiation of ex-
mained low. Supply was completed by the mortality rate. The decrease
isting cultivars ('Encore' and 'Nova', represents a little more than 10% of
a few batches from Cyprus and Cor- better known in Spain as
sica. present production (17 million
'Clemenvilla'), like four other varie- boxes this season). The Florida
ties: 'Tango' in 2006, 'Daisy LS' in harvest has shrunk by nearly
2009, 'Fairchild LS' in 2010 and 10 million boxes in the last five
'Kinnow LS' in 2012. The hybrid years, that is to say a decrease of
breeding programme at the same more than 35%.
university made it possible to
launch three triploid easy peelers in Source: FDOC
Pom elo - -France
Grapefruit France -- Prix im price
Import port
2002 ('Shasta Gold®', 'Yosemite
1.2 Gold®' and 'Tahoe Gold®') and two
1.1 diploids ('Gold Nugget' in 1999 and
1.0 'USDA 88-2' in 2010).
euro/kg
0.9 Sources: Riverside, agraria.pe
0.8
0.7 Florida grapefruit: less and
0.6 less. According to the FDOC, the
0.5 Florida harvest should total some
O N D J F M A M J J A S © Régis Domergue
12/13 11/12 10/11
Grapefruit - Florida - Evolution of production trends
Replanting rate = 50% of losses
Average Comparison
monthly 25
with average 22
P Type price for last 2 20 20
R 20 19
million field boxes
euro/box
years
I 17 kg box eq. 17
C Tropical 17.20 - 2% 15
E
Mediterranean 10.50-11.00 - 12% 10 Light losses (4%per year)
Average losses (6%per year)
5
Comparison Strong losses (8%per year)
V
O Type previous average for 0
L month last 2 years 08/09 10/11 12/13 14/15 16/17 18/19 20/21 22/23
U
M Tropical Source: FDOC
= + 8%
E
S Mediterranean + 10%
Comparison Cumulated
total /
Source previous average for Observations cumulated
V month last 2 years average for
O last 2 years
L Florida Total exports smaller than normal but the flow remained higher than the EU
= + 8% - 4%
U average.
M Israel + 21% Seasonal peak in supply at higher than the average. Mainly large fruits. + 8%
E
S Early end to the season and exports smaller than average, especially to the
Turkey = - 27% - 13%
EU.
Spain = - 35% Early end of the season. Steady, limited volumes throughout the month. - 10%
8 April 2013 No. 210Direct from the markets
Easy peelers
March 2013
The market remained satisfactory over- Southern Africa: moving
© Régis Domergue
all. Demand slowed distinctly as every towards another record year
year at this time. But it matched the for citrus exports! This is what
increasing volumes of top of the range can be understood from the cumu-
fruits. Sales of 'Nadorcott' from Spain lated export forecasts for South
and 'Or' from Israel were fairly brisk in Africa, Zimbabwe, Mozambique
spite of high prices. The market was and Swaziland released by the
merely adequate for 'Nadorcott' from Citrus Growers’ Association. Vol-
Morocco as the quality of some brands umes should exceeded 100 million
was uneven. The price range was boxes for the second time, in spite
broad according to brand and fruit sizes of the floods that hit certain north-
from this source. Sales of 'Ortanique' ern provinces at the beginning of
from Spain remained slow. the year and hail in the Nelspruit
region and the Western Cape. After
a dip in 2012, positive production
alternation should allow grapefruit
exports to return to slightly above
the average of about 15 million
boxes seen in the past. All the
other varietal groups display record
export potential, with a slight in-
crease in comparison with 2012 but
8 to 13% above the four-year aver- regards oranges, the increase in
age. The increase in areas under 'Navel' exports should rise to 8%
Petits
Easyagrum es- France
peelers - France - Prix im
- Import port
price easy peelers should lead to exports above the average and 'Valencia'
increasing to some 13% above the about 13%. Fruit size should also
2.7
2.4 average, with the rise being greater be greater (especially for grape-
2.1 for late varieties than early ones. fruit, 'Navel' orange and lemon in
1.8 The scale of the rise in the figures the Eastern Cape) and the crop will
euro/kg
1.5 for lemons should be similar but, be markedly early.
1.2
unlike easy peelers, will concern
0.9 Source: CGA
0.6 early fruits more than late ones. As
0.3
0.0
S O N D J F M A Citrus — South Africa — Exports
12/13 11/12 10/11 Comparison
million boxes Estimate 2013/
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
(15 kg) 2013 2013/
average
Average Comparison 2012
4 years
P monthly with average
R Type
price for last 2 Valencia 43.2 38.5 46.7 44.2 47.2 47.7 +1% +8%
I euro/kg years
C Navel 21.5 19.4 22.9 21.2 24.6 24.9 +1% +13%
E
Hybrids 1.09 + 15% Grapefruit 12.8 14.2 12.5 15.9 13.0 15.0 +15% +7%
Lemon 9.6 8.7 9.7 10.8 10.5 11.1 +6% +13%
V Comparison
Easy peelers 7.3 6.8 7.5 6.9 7.6 8.2 +7% +13%
O
L Type previous average for Total 94.5 87.6 99.3 99.0 103.0 106.8 +4% +10%
U month last 2 years
M Source: CGA
E
Hybrids - 15%
S
Comparison Cumulated
Varieties total /
by previous average for Observations cumulated
source month last 2 years average for
V last 2 years
O
Ortanique
L from Spain = - 24% Arrivals distinctly smaller than average. - 4%
U
M Nadorcott Arrivals distinctly larger than in previous years, especially during the first half
from Spain = + 83% + 80%
E of the month. New groves yielding increasing volumes.
S Nadorcott
from Morocco - 35% Early end of the season in the EU. Last arrivals in mid-month. + 15%
Or
from Israel = + 43% Arrivals remained markedly larger than average. + 38%
No. 210 April 2013 9Direct from the markets
Pineapple Mango
March 2013 March 2013
At the beginning of the month operators The European supply of mango was market and the French market in par-
received confirmation that supply of strongly dominated by Peru in March. ticular were already saturated and were
'Sweet' would be much smaller than However, deliveries decreased in the soon clogged by very ripe produce re-
planned for Easter. The first fortnight of second half of the month and were par- quiring rapid sale at low prices. Price
the month therefore featured a firming tially compensated by an increase in ranges broadened with the upper limit
of prices because of the decrease in arrivals from Brazil. The arrival of regu- rarely exceeding EUR 4.00 per kg for
supply from Latin America. However, lar quantities while demand increased fruits with good keeping potential and
the price rise was short-lived. Cold and in the run-up to Easter helped to main- good colour. Riper produce changed
bad weather affected demand and it tain firm prices for Peruvian fruits, with hands at around EUR 3.00 per kg and
was difficult to shift the small quantities an increase for the holiday. Meanwhile, sometimes less. Finally, the release on
released on the market. Operators had shipments from Brazil were stepped up the market in the second half of the
trouble selling the few batches that they in the second part of the month. They month of sea mangoes of air quality
held, except for promotion operations. consisted mainly of 'Tommy Atkins', also aggravated sales difficulties, with
The market situation became more with most sales being the markets in Peruvian produce competing with Peru-
tense at the end of the month as supply Northern Europe at a stable average vian produce (EUR 2.50 per kg). The
was small (ships delayed) and price of EUR 5.50 per box. A few West African season started in this
there was no particular enthusiasm batches of 'Palmer' and 'Keitt' com- difficult context with the first small
for this fruit, even though Easter was plet ed Braz ilian supply and sold quantities of 'Amélie' and 'Valencia'
approaching. at around the same price as 'Tommy from Mali, broadening the range of va-
Atkins'. rieties available.
Sales of 'Smooth Cayenne' remained
fluid with a good price level throughout The air market was strongly disturbed
the month. The fruits received were throughout the month. Attracted by the MANGO — ARRIVALS (estimates)
well coloured, kept well and had no high prices seen at the end of Febru- Tonnes
trouble in occupying their niche market. ary, Peruvian exporters increased their Weeks
shipments and soon saturated the mar- 2013
10 11 12 13 E
Air supply was fairly small throughout ket. The substantial increase in arrivals U
the month and so sales were fluid for coincided with the winter half-term holi- By air R
fruits from all sources. The momentary day period when demand for air pro- O
Peru 130 150 130 30
P
increase in arrivals from Cameroon at duce decreases. In addition, logistic E
the beginning of the second half of the problems resulting from strikes at the By sea
month did not cause a real increase in airline Iberia resulted in the accumula- Brazil 880 970 1 430 1 320
overall supply. Small supply thus gave tion of goods at departure airports and
stable prices in spite of a few quality Peru 2 840 3 250 2 730 2 510
many late deliveries. The European
problems here and there. Fairly small
volumes of 'Sugarloaf' from Benin sold
MANGO — IMPORT PRICE ON THE FRENCH MARKET — Euro
at EUR 1.95 to 2.05 per kg throughout
the month. Average Average
Weeks 2013 10 11 12 13 March March
2013 2012
Sales of 'Victoria' were fluid and prices
high since market supply was small By air (kg)
overall. Although not dynamic, demand
was sufficient for sales at fairly high Peru Kent 3.50-4.50 3.50-4.20 3.00-3.80 3.00-3.80 3.25-4.10 4.30-4.90
prices.
Mali Amélie - - 3.20 3.20-3.50 3.20-3.35 3.00-3.35
Mali Valencia - - 3.50 3.50 3.50 3.65-3.95
By sea (box)
Peru Kent 4.00-5.50 5.00-6.00 5.00-6.00 6.00-6.50 5.00-6.00 4.25-5.10
PINEAPPLE — IMPORT PRICE PINEAPPLE — IMPORT PRICE IN FRANCE — MAIN ORIGINS
Weeks 2013 10 11 12 13
Weeks By air (euro/kg)
Min Max Benin 1.80-1.95 1.80-1.95 1.80-1.90 1.90-1.95
E 10 to 13 Smooth Cayenne
U Cameroon 1.70-1.95 1.70-1.95 1.70-1.90 1.70-1.95
R By air (euro/kg) Ghana 1.80-1.95 1.80-2.00 1.80-2.00 1.80-1.95
O Victoria Réunion 3.50-3.80 3.50-3.80 3.50-3.80 3.30-3.60
P Smooth Cayenne 1.70 2.00 Mauritius 3.00-3.30 3.00-3.40 3.00-3.40 3.00-3.40
E Victoria 3.00 3.80 By sea (euro/box)
By sea (euro/box) Sweet Côte d’Ivoire 7.00-9.00 7.00-8.50 8.00-8.50 8.00-8.50
Cameroon 7.50-9.00 7.50-9.00 7.50-9.00 8.00-9.00
Sweet 7.00 9.00 Ghana 7.50-9.00 7.50-9.00 7.50-9.00 8.00-9.00
Costa Rica 7.50-9.00 7.50-8.50 7.50-8.50 8.00-9.00
10 April 2013 No. 210Direct from the markets
Roots & tubers
First quarter of 2013
It only started sending larger quantities of ally stable. Variations in volume can
Sweet potato sweet potatoes with orange flesh in cause upward or down price movements
March. These were sold at lower prices but these are very limited. The average of
Sweet potatoes with red skin and white than those of the white flesh varieties. EUR 1.10 per kg masks different prices
flesh seem to have clearly dominated the for different commercial brands. Ordinary
French market in the first quarter of 2013. The USA and Brazil sent a few very lim-
cassava is often sold at EUR 1.00 per kg
The main source countries were Egypt, ited shipments of sweet potatoes with
whereas brands that apply greater rigour
China and Honduras. Egyptian produce white peel and flesh. These sold at EUR
in selection and packing sell at around
was sold at an average of EUR 0.70 per 1.40 to 1.80 per kg.
EUR 1.20 per kg.
kg, with a minimum at EUR 0.60 per kg
and a few peaks at EUR 0.90 in periods Yam
of shorter supply. Produce from China
Eddoe
The first quarter was marked by the
fetched around EUR 1.10 per kg. Hondu- In the first quarter the bulk of eddoe sup-
French yam season from January to mid-
ras supplied higher quality produce sold ply was exported from Costa Rica. Prices
March. Prices ranged from EUR 2.30 to
at more than EUR 1.50 per kg until the remained stable and healthy at an aver-
2.40 per kg with a few peaks at EUR 2.60,
beginning of February before the price fell age of around EUR 1.50 per kg, with
especially at the end of the period. Sales
and stabilised at about 1.35. Prices recov- peaks at EUR 2.00 per kg during periods
of yams from Ghana continued, with
ered to their initial levels in the second of small arrivals. From February to mid-
prices slightly lower from mid-February.
half of March. Brazil only shipped sweet March, modest volumes from Ecuador
The fairly irregular volumes consisted of
potato in January with prices the same as sold for EUR 0.30 per kg more because of
white yams and pona yams in proportions
those for produce from Honduras. the higher transport costs. A few batches
that varied each week. Pona, delivered in
of cocoyams, a related tuber, also arrived
At the same time, the USA shipped sweet smaller quantities, were generally sold at
from Costa Rica in mid-February (EUR
potatoes with red skin and orange flesh, a slightly higher price. A few batches from
2.70 per kg) and at the end of March for
selling at an average of EUR 1.20-1.25 Côte d'Ivoire also reached the market but
Easter. The small quantities available and
per kg in January and February and EUR their uneven quality and irregular delivery
brisk demand resulted in sales at a good
1.10 per kg in March. Israel only shipped did not allow coherent, continued sales.
price. Cocoyams with red flesh sold at
sweet potatoes with orange flesh in Janu-
EUR 2.80-3.00 per kg and the rarer white
ary at rising prices. Honduras had been a Cassava fleshed variety changed hands at EUR
large supplier of sweet potatoes with or-
Costa Rica is still the only regular supplier 3.00-3.50 per kg at the end of March.
ange flesh in previous years but now
shipped mainly produce with white flesh. of cassava to the EU, with prices gener-
Sw eet potato - France - Weekly average w holesale price Yam - France - Weekly average w holesale price (Rungis)
(Rungis) 3.5
2.0
RO 3.0
1.8 RB
BB 2.5
euro/kg
1.6
2.0
1.4
euro/kg
1.5
1.2
1.0
1.0
0.5
0.8
14 17 20 23 26 29 32 35 38 41 44 47 50 1 4 7 10 13
0.6
Ghana w hite Ghana Pona Brazil w hite
0.4
France Colombia Brazil Cuscus
14 18 22 26 30 34 38 42 46 50 2 6 10 RCI w hite
Cassava - France - Weekly average w holesale price Eddoe - France - Weekly average w holesale price (Rungis)
(Rungis) 2.4
1.3 2.2
1.3 2.0
1.2
1.8
euro/kg
1.2
euro/kg
1.6
1.1
1.1 1.4
1.0 1.2
1.0 1.0
0.9 0.8
14 17 20 23 26 29 32 35 38 41 44 47 50 1 4 7 10 13 14 17 20 23 26 29 32 35 38 41 44 47 50 1 4 7 10 13
Costa Rica Costa Rica Brazil China
Sweet potato: RB: red skin, white flesh / RO: red skin, orange flesh / BB: white skin, white flesh / Source: Pierre Gerbaud
No. 210 April 2013 11Direct from the markets
Other exotics
First quarter of 2013
became the sole supplier of chayote in Chilli peppers
Plantain February and March with prices at a
steady average of EUR 1.10-1.15 per kg. The Dominican Republic supplied most
The market was supplied by Colombia Prices were higher in March as ship- of the West Indian chilli pepper sold on
and Ecuador. The quality of the Colom- ments from Costa Rica decreased. the French market in the first quarter of
bian produce was more regular and it 2013. Prices were high in January, de-
fetched slightly higher prices than that creased in February and then rose again
Christophine from Costa Rica supplied
from Ecuador. The general trend for the in the second half of March, although
the market throughout the first quarter of
first quarter of the year was a descend- they did not return to the price observed
2013. It fetched higher prices because
ing curve. In March in particular, the lar- at the beginning of the year. The price
supply was smaller. Prices rose before
ger volumes shipped from Colombia recovery in March resulted from a de-
Easter as demand was stronger. A few
coincided with weak demand and prices crease in shipments. It is reported that
batches arrived from Martinique in the
fell. There were also problems of quality. heavy rain hit the production zones, dis-
second half of March to meet growing
The start of an 'excessive supply – stor- turbing plant growth and harvesting.
demand from the ethnic market. The
age – quality deterioration' cycle in-
produce was shipped by air and sold at
creased pressure on prices and resulted There were also regular shipments from
EUR 2.00-2.50 per kg.
in clearance sales at low prices. Guadeloupe during this period. Price
was stable at about EUR 6.00 per kg. In
A few small batches shipped from Mar- contrast, shipments from Martinique
tinique by air were put on sale at EUR Dasheen were more variable and speculative. The
2.00-2.30 per kg. high prices asked since the beginning of
Dasheen from St Vincent was practically
the sole supply for the French market the year gradually decreased, especially
and sold steadily at around EUR 2.20- from mid-February onwards, as the qual-
Chayote / christophine 2.30 per kg. The price sometimes rose ity of the batches received was more
The last batches of French chayote were when deliveries were smaller. Small uneven.
sold in January, marking the end of a batches from Martinique completed sup-
season that had started in August and ply from St Vincent. Transport was by air
finished early because of cold weather in with the produce selling at a distinctly
the production zones. Costa Rica thus higher price (EUR 3.50-4.00 per kg).
Plantain - France - Weekly average w holesale price (Rungis) Chayote and christophine - France - Weekly average
2.4 w holesale price (Rungis)
2.2 2.2
2.0 2.0
1.8 1.8
euros/kg
euro/kg
1.6 1.6
1.4 1.4
1.2 1.2
1.0
1.0
0.8
0.8
0.6
14 17 20 23 26 29 32 35 38 41 44 47 50 1 4 7 10 13
14 17 20 23 26 29 32 35 38 41 44 47 50 1 4 7 10 13
Christophine Costa Rica Christophine France
Colombia Ecuador Martinique Chayote Costa Rica Chayote France
Dasheen - France - Weekly average w holesale price Chilli peppers - France - Weekly average w holesale price
(Rungis) (Rungis)
3.4 10.5
8.5
2.9
euro/kg
6.5
2.4
euro/kg
4.5
1.9
2.5
1.4 0.5
0.9 14 17 20 23 26 29 32 35 38 41 44 47 50 1 4 7 10 13
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Dom. Rep. Martinique Guadeloupe
Morocco Portugal Spain
St Vincent France
12 April 2013 No. 210Direct from the markets
Sea freight
March 2013
The TCE average for March is almost L’évaluation
identical to February, disguising an de la durabilité
inactive period before and after an early by Franck-Dominique Vivien,
Easter. A disappointing banana market Jacques Lepart and Pascal Marty.
in the eastern Med, saturated with poor
quality fruit coupled with a relatively How can the actual notion of
high exit price and general shortage in sustainable development be
Ecuador inhibited banana chartering. It evaluated? Sustainability
was Chile that made the difference this analysed from the socio-
year. economic and political
viewpoints.
The slow start to the grape season led
to an early mini- peak, leaving reefer The notion of sustainable devel-
schedules under tonnaged. With Star opment was defined in the 1980s
Reefers absent for the first time ever, by the Commission on Environ-
chartering this year was dominated by ment and Development and is
Seatrade and NYKCool. Such was the still the subject of considerable
strength of demand for grapes in the controversy. The main aim of this
US that principal charterers Pacific book is to contribute to its
Seaways and CSAV were obliged to fix evaluation. What is the distinctive
in extra tonnage – as indeed was NYK- nature of sustainable develop-
Cool. While top quality modern units ment? What are its relations with
with deck-stow capacity were achieving growth? What time scale is it set
TC numbers in the 110-120c/cbft in—that of long-term develop-
range, it was the yields from the ment or that of a countdown?
‘workhorse’ units fixing bananas that Sustainability is studied via sev-
brought the average down. eral sector aspects: urban, land-
scape, biodiversity, industry and
The strikes in the container ports of Development of Cape Verde
agromaterials. Evaluation using
San Antonio in Chile and Kwai Tsing in fruit production. The policy of re-
the so-called 'procedure ap-
Hong Kong were a potent reminder to launching and diversifying the fruit
proach', that is more pragmatic
charterers and cargo interests all over sector is continuing in the Cape Verde
and favoured today, consists of
the world of the potential dangers of Islands, thanks to support from the
respecting a number of principles
entrusting cargo into box-based supply European Union (annual funding of
(precautionary principle, partici-
chains in which there are too many EUR 600 000). Banana, mango and
pation principle, etc).
variables outside their control. pineapple cultivars with better resis-
In French tance to diseases were introduced at
the beginning of the year. In March,
Indisciplines series, Editions Quae,
ISBN 978-2-7592-1904-9,
pitahaya, a species well suited to
March 2013, 280 pages, EUR 30, semi-arid environments, made its ap-
serviceclients@quae.fr, pearance in the archipelago.
http://www.quae.com
Source: Reefer Trends
Large reefers
Grands reefers Small reefers
Petits reefers
MONTHLY SPOT AVERAGE
jours
150
jours
125
30days
30days
2013 2013
100 2012 125 2012
Cubftxx30
2011
Cubft xx 30
R USD cents/cubic foot Large Small 2011
100
E x 30 days reefers reefers 75
Cents //Cubft
Cents // Cubft
E 75
50
F 50 *
March 2013 88 113
E
US Cents
25
US Cents
R 25
March 2012 53 59 0 0
US
US
1 6 11 16 21 26 31 36 41 46 51 1 6 11 16 21 26 31 36 41 46 51
March 2011 110 131 Semaines / SourceReefer
Weeks / Source: : Reefer Trends
Trends Semaines / Source
Weeks / Source: : Reefer
Reefer Trends
Trends
No. 210 April 2013 13THE LATEST ON...
Counter-season avocado in 2013
Slightly smaller potential
on a vigorous market!
© Régis Domergue
The counter-
season avocado
season has not
T
been hit by the he dynamics—within the limits Avocado - EU-27 - Sum m er season supply
slump, as was set by alternate bearing—has
been faultless since the early
clearly 2000s, when volumes peaked at 132
demonstrated by between 50 000 and 60 000 t. Suc-
cess was complete as this fine 120
115
the 2012 season. performance in volume has been 110
104
European imports accompanied by excellent prices.
In spite of the scale of supply, the 89
reached a record average season price calculated by 83 83
our market watch was a very hon-
000 tonnes
132 000 t, an all- ourable EUR 7.40 per 4 kg box in 69
62
time record that is 2012. This was the second best
performance after the EUR 8.00
even higher than per box in 2011, a season that was
the figure for very short in volume because of
the strong South African deficit.
volumes sold in What are the prospects for 2013?
the winter. What Although the volumes available
seem to be at a good level they are
will happen in probably not such as to set a new
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013? record. Cumulated arrivals from
Peru, South Africa and Kenya, the
sources that provide more than
95% of EU supply, promise to be Source: Eurostat
somewhat smaller than in 2012.
No. 210 April 2013 15THE LATEST ON...
© Denis Loeillet
Hass avocado - Peru
Average sum m er season price in France
(average grades 16-20)
8.0
7.4
7.0 7.0
6.7
6.1 6.3
5.9
euro/box
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Source: CIRAD
16 April 2013 No. 210THE LATEST ON...
Avocado — EU-27 — Summer season supply
tonnes 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
Total 68 937 62 386 82 664 83 329 88 956 114 946 104 013 120 419 109 712 131 985
S. Africa 36 404 29 872 46 955 35 934 37 944 50 451 38 377 47 286 26 844 48 376
Peru 11 266 14 590 18 096 30 508 35 857 49 894 45 818 56 345 65 217 62 480
Kenya 19 828 16 236 15 458 13 641 11 999 11 841 15 038 14 123 14 273 17 078
Brazil 979 979 931 1 442 1 447 1 790 2 797 2 665 3 006 3 937
Argentina 460 709 1 224 1 804 1 709 970 1 983 0 372 114
Source: Eurostat
A good
© Eric Imbert
Avocado - South Africa
South African Exports by variety
harvest but not
8
as exceptional
7
as in 2012
6
million boxes
South African export potential is clearly 5
smaller than it was in 2012 because the 4
latter was a record season with volumes
exceeding the symbolic 12 million boxes 3
for the second time ever. With 10.5 mil- 2 Hass
lion boxes expected in 2013, SAAGA 1 Green
(South African Avocado Growers Asso-
ciation) is expecting good supply run- 0
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
ning at about 15% above the average
for the last years of normal production,
in spite of heavy rainfall in April. Supply Source: SAAGA
of 'Hass' could even be as large as last
year, because the decrease affects
mainly green varieties. 'Fuerte', 'Ryan'
and 'Pinkerton' are sold increasingly on Hass avocado - South Africa
the domestic market (average EUR 0.50 EU arrivals after w eek 40
per kg (ZAR 25 per box) according to
the National Department of Agriculture) 700
which is growing in particular thanks to
600
the promotion operations conducted by
thousand boxes
SAAGA. The good export potential in 500
'Hass' is an indicator of the increase in 400
the area devoted to this variety. Exports
reached an average of 5 million boxes 300
in the mid-2000s and approached 200
8 million boxes in 2012. Growth is
marked in particular in late shipments, 100
with an increase in volumes of 'Lamb 0
Hass' and fruits from Kwazulu-Natal and
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
the cool highland zones of Mpumalanga
and Limpopo.
Source: SAAGA
Avocado — South Africa — Exports
tonnes 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
EU-27 36 404 29 872 46 955 35 934 37 944 50 451 38 377 47 286 26 844 48 376
Source: Eurostat
No. 210 April 2013 17THE LATEST ON...
Avocado — Kenya — Exports
tonnes 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
EU* 11 832 13 229 13 371 15 964 15 743 14 273 17 078
Arabic peninsula 1 243 2 107 2 196 2 972 4 280 - -
Others 172 366 121 147 160 - -
Total 13 246 15 702 15 688 19 083 20 183 - -
Sources: Eurostat*, Comtrade
An unexpected
Slight decrease 20% increase
in Kenyan export in Peruvian exports
potential that that should benefit
does not reflect the EU only
the increase in very partially
the area under 'Hass'
The expected increase in Peru-
A decrease, but probably just as small, will be vian production will not be a
observed in Kenya. Although the rise of the surprise for anybody, given the
shilling against the euro affected returns, the annual 20% increase in orchard
2012 season was nonetheless a good one for area since 2006. The 89 000 t
this source, with a record total of about export potential announced by
17 000 t shipped to the EU (best performance ProHass is somewhat lower
since 2003) and the consolidation of its im- than the first estimates that give
age. This success is closely linked to the in- a total in excess of 100 000 t.
crease in the production of 'Hass', which Colder weather than usual at the
© Guy Bréhinier
formed nearly three-quarters of shipments in beginning of the year seems to
2012, against 20% six years previously. How- have slowed fruit growth. But
ever, the increase in exports of this variety the increase will be large—
should pause in 2013, even though volumes nearly 20% more than the
will remain very close to those of 2012. The 75 000 t exported in 2012. How-
increasing yields from new plantations is ever, the extra volume should
counter-balanced by a conjunctural decrease not benefit the EU very much.
in the main producer's harvest. Although The 65 000 t allocated to
problems of piracy in the Gulf of Aden are Europe is less than 10% up on
less acute, logistic facilities are limited and last year's figure if export fore-
costly. But operators have learned to live with casts for the other markets are
that. The companies operating can ship pro- accurate.
duce to the south of Europe in about 20 days,
with a weekly service.
Avocado — Peru — Exports
tonnes 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
EU, of which 18 380 30 521 36 129 49 832 46 312 56 750 67 050 64 208
Netherlands 5 601 8 011 14 430 23 106 24 160 26 570 38 124 35 209
Spain 6 111 12 291 12 362 17 669 13 612 20 224 20 708 21 313
UK 3 378 4 757 5 899 4 953 4 097 4 412 6 030 5 428
France 2 934 4 962 3 058 3 957 4 170 5 025 1 828 1 902
N. America 224 891 807 1 013 1 426 1 700 11 481 17 530
United States 54 563 84 434 8 998 15 729
Canada 224 891 753 450 1 342 1 266 2 483 1 801
Chile - 102 400 453 479 281 400 678
Others 66 224 270 0 129 790 2 500 931
Total 18 670 31 738 37 606 51 298 48 346 59 521 81 431 83 347
Source: SUNAT
18 April 2013 No. 210AVOCADO AT ITS BEST
“Year-round supplies of the finest varieties
from the best sources in the world".
Gabriel Burunat
Conception TPC : 01 41 31 58 90 - Photo : Stew Patrikian©
Let's all respond to consumer expectations
and increase sales by supplying ripe fruits!
31, Avenue de l’Europe - Zone des Entrepôts - Bât. I 9
BP 70122 - 94538 Rungis Cedex - FRANCE
Tel +33 (0)1 46 87 30 00 - Fax : +33 (0)1 45 12 96 74
g.burunat@commercial-fruits.comLong term AVOCADO
specialist
Kenya
Chile
We offer Peru
Avocado 4 kg – 8 kg – 12 kg
Avocado punnets Israel
Pre-ripened avocados Mexico
Avocado bagging and neng
Avocado girsac
Georges HELFER SA Georges HELFER SA Georges HELFER SA
Rungis Cavaillon Switzerland
1 rue des tropiques - ent. 133 ZI du Pont - 717 avenue des vergers Chemin de Fontenailles
94538 RUNGIS Cedex - France 13750 PLAN D'ORGON - France CH - 1196 GLAND - Switzerland
Tél. + 33 1 45 12 36 50 Tél. + 33 4 90 73 19 19 Tél. + 41 22 999 99 99
Fax + 33 1 48 53 78 85 Fax + 33 4 90 73 44 66 Fax + 41 22 999 99 98THE LATEST ON...
The United States
market under Avocado - California - Production
very strong
pressure in 2013 273
242 234*
The degree of opening of the US market is 208
196
topical again this season, and more strongly
000 tonnes
than in 2012. Pressure from Mexico, which 149
137
136
should be very marked in the coming months, 118
is no surprise in the light of the historic size of
the harvest of 1.3 million tonnes forecast in 79
2012-13, mainly from Michoacán. According to
professional sources, US imports from Mexico
already exceeded 400 000 t at the beginning
of April and could reach 500 000 t by the end
03/04
04/05
05/06
06/07
07/08
08/09
09/10
10/11
11/12
12/13
of the season in July, breaking the previous
record set in 2013 by nearly 140 000 t! How-
ever, the very large Californian harvest was * estimate/ Source: CAC
completely unexpected as it defies the practi-
cally systematic law of alternate bearing. But a
near record 230 000 t, 40% above the aver-
age of the last four years, will follow the very Avocado - United States - Volum es and prices
large 208 000 t harvest of 2012. It seems that on the sum m er m arket (May-August)
satisfactory weather conditions and good cul-
tural practices have counter-balanced alter- 52
nate bearing and the decrease in cultivated Supply (000 t, after
area, especially in the San Diego area. HAB)
38
32
31 246 260*
205
175 30
151 158 Price index
(USD/box 11.1 kg,
source The Packer
grade 40)
* estimate
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
Avocado - California - Evolution of orchard
10.9
2005
7.7 2009
7.0
000 hectares
7.0
6.4 6.6 2011
3.0 3.4 3.4
2.7
2.6 2.3 1.8
1.4 1.6
San Riverside Ventura Santa San Luis
Diego Barbara Obispo
Source: CAC
No. 210 April 2013 21THE LATEST ON...
A probable increase
Avocado — Peru — Main operators
of shipments
% 2012 exports from Peru to
CAMPOSOL S.A. 15% diversification markets
CPF (Consor. Prod. Frutas) 12%
Canada should also import increasing volumes
Soc. Agri. DROKASA 8% (about 2 000 t in preceding years) while Japan, a
Agro. SOLCACE 8% sizeable diversification market, could open its doors
AVO PERU SAC 5% this year. The process of access to this strongly
growing market of nearly 50 000 t, with no posthar-
Corp. Fruticola de Chincha 4%
vest treatment planned, is being finalised. But the
Agro. VERDEFLOR 4% Chilean frontier will probably not be opened before at
Agro. Las Lomas de Chilca 4% least 2014. This neighbouring county has strong
counter-season market potential and large domestic
Agri. AYACUCHO 3%
consumption potential but the phytosanitary protocol
Source: SUNAT
as defined today is incomplete according to Chilean
growers because it does not cover avocado sun-
blotch disease.
A sizeable argument
to allow Peru to Increased but
sell better in the USA still very limited
than in 2012 volumes from outsiders
The HAB (Hass Avocado Board) forecasts cumu- Among 'outsider' sources, the volumes shipped from
lated supply of the United States market with 10% Argentina could increase by about 30% but should
more Mexican and Californian fruits than last season remain limited (about 100 tonnes last year according
from April to June, with a very conservative hypothe- to customs sources). The sector is still very small
sis with regard to the entry of Mexican fruits. Can and tending to shrink. A further increase in supply
Peru sell more than the 15 000 tonnes exported in from Brazil is expected. Shipments consisting almost
2012 under these circumstances? ProHass counts entirely of 'Hass' approached 4 000 t in 2012 (about
on 23 000 t, using the serious argument that the size 1 million boxes). Tanzania, a new source, has also
of Californian fruits is limited to an average of 60 this made its debut in Europe this season. Its production
season, corresponding to European size 22 for a calendar is particularly interesting and the still mod-
4 kg box. Peruvian fruits could find a position as they est volumes should increase in the coming years
seem to be of good size, in contrast with fears at the (see box).
beginning of the season. In addition, the trade
agreement recently concluded between large Peru-
vian and Chilean exporters with a longstanding posi-
© Robert Clowes
tion in the United States are also advantages.
Tanzania
Production of 'Hass' for export is centred in two zones. Most
of production, on 650 hectares, is in the south of the country
near Mount Rungwe. The Rungwe Avocado Company con-
trols about a 100 hectares with the rest being in the hands of
nearly 3 500 small growers. The production calendar runs
from the beginning of January to mid-May, thus stretching
from the end of the winter season to the beginning of the sum-
mer. Exports transit via the port of Dar es Salaam or Mom-
basa. The export potential should attain 1 250 000 boxes in
five years. The other production zone is in southern Tanzania,
south-west of Mount Kilimanjaro near the town of Sanya Juu.
The area is smaller (about 150 ha) and the production calen-
dar is slightly later.
22 April 2013 No. 210THE LATEST ON...
Strong awakening
of demand in Europe
Sales during the 2012
The various hypotheses result in fore- summer season
casting total supply of the European Avocado — Estimated annual consumption
market at between 125 000 and 130 000 Do trees grow to the sky? per capita
t, slightly less than in 2012. The quantity This is a question that Summer Year
should be perfectly manageable, espe- can be asked in the light Population
season 2012
cially as the season is starting under (millions)
of the development of 2012 (g) (g)
particularly favourable conditions. Prices sales in Scandinavia. Scandinavia 24.5 *817 1 616
per box of size 18 peaked at EUR 11 to These were 24% greater Denmark 5.4 1 124 2 131
12 at the beginning of April, a level hith- than in the preceding Sweden 9.1 1 035 2 064
erto unseen at this time of the year. But season while the annual Norway 4.7 *766 1 509
what should be highlighted is the excel- Finland 5.3 176 418
consumption of over 2 kg
France 63.4 600 1 197
lent behaviour of the market in recent per person in Sweden United Kingdom 60.8 320 592
months, revealing a distinct acceleration and Denmark is already Germany 82.3 127 272
of demand in Europe, bringing hope for the highest in Europe and Eastern Europe 102.2 35 87
the coming summer season and for the an excellent level for non- Russia 141.9 28 79
future in general. Statistics supplied by producer countries. The * estimate / Source: Eurostat
professionals and those of our market two main EU markets
watch indicate a parallel increase of held their positions: volumes held at within the 38 000 to 40 000 t
25% in prices and volumes in the first range of the two preceding years in France. The difference in con-
quarter of 2013 in comparison with the sumption of nearly 1 kg per person in comparison with Denmark and
four-year average. Sweden indicates the margin for growth still available and the inter-
est of investing in promotion in a country in which the generalisation
of ready-to-eat fruits means that full benefit can be drawn from sales
Avocado - Apparent consum ption
promotion operations. The small increase to nearly 20 000 t in the
(May to October) United Kingdom may indicate the end of the downward trend from
45 2007 to 2011. The UK, with consumption at less
than 600 g per person, and Denmark are the
40
only countries in which avocado sales are
35 greater in the summer than in the winter
30 (53 to 54% of volumes are sold in the
summer). Germany has continued to
000 tonnes
25
make progress, slowly but surely! And
20 operators working in this market in the
15 winter consider that the in-
crease should be more marked
10 this season, especially as the
5 scope for development is still
0 enormous (annual consump-
tion is less than 300 g per per-
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
son). The volumes sold in the
countries in the eastern EU are
Germany also growing but are still very
Scandinavia*
France limited, as in Russia. Summer
United Kingdom avocado consumption forms
Eastern NMC 2004-2007 only 35 to 40% of annual con-
* excl. Norw ay / Source: Eurostat sumption in the eastern part of
Europe.
Avocado — Apparent consumption in the main European markets (May to October*)
Comparison 2012 on
tonnes 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 average
2011
2007-08
Germany 7 446 6 029 6 689 8 748 9 816 10 471 +7% + 55 %
Scandinavia** 7 649 10 285 10 768 12 520 13 241 16 423 + 24 % + 83 %
France 37 803 35 942 34 545 40 131 37 659 38 049 +1% +3%
United Kingdom 22 033 21 377 18 771 19 631 17 889 19 439 +9% - 10 %
Eastern NMC 2004-2007 2 801 2 289 1 984 3 097 2 965 3 579 + 21 % + 41 %
* including most customs declarations for South African, Peruvian and Kenyan produce / ** excl. Norway / Source: Eurostat
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