Da scarto a risorsa: il progetto CirCo

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Da scarto a risorsa: il progetto CirCo
Da scarto a risorsa:
         il progetto CirCo

Nicoletta Ravasio
CNR ISTM, Milano

                             Milano, 22 febbraio 2019
Da scarto a risorsa: il progetto CirCo
“Ricerca integrata sulle biotecnologie industriali e sulla bioeconomia – edizione 2017”
Da scarto a risorsa: il progetto CirCo
The chemical approach

                                            Cellulose
                                            Proteins
                                             Oil
                                            Sterols

                          Valorization
Nicoletta Ravasio
Da scarto a risorsa: il progetto CirCo
olio
Proteine

                                 steroli
     Silice

                            lignina

                cellulosa

                  RiceRes

              Rapporto Enel – Symbola 2018
              100 storie di Economia Circolare
Da scarto a risorsa: il progetto CirCo
Il silverskin

   Italia 2° posto nella tostatura
    500.000 ton/y
    7.500 ton silverskin
Da scarto a risorsa: il progetto CirCo
Grasso

Antiossidante   Funzionalizzazione

Cellulosa
Da scarto a risorsa: il progetto CirCo
Fat with unusual composition

                      C14:0   C16:0   C18:0   C18:1   C18:2   C18:3   C20:0   C20:1   C22:0   C24:0

Coffee Silver Skin     1.2    30.2     6.6     6.2    25.0     0.6    12.1     0.3    15.6     2.1
Spent Coffee Ground     -     32.8     7.3    11.5    43.7     0.6     3.0      -      0.5      --
Da scarto a risorsa: il progetto CirCo
WP1: extraction of lipids from CS
                                                                  Not selective
                                     soxhlet, percolation,        Expensive
                  Conventional       maceration                   Not eco-friendly
                                                                  Organic solvents (n-
                                                                  hexane, methanol etc.)
 Extraction
 tecniques

                                      MicroWave, ultrasound ,         Expensive
                      Non                                            Alternative solvents
                                         Pressurize Liquid
                  conventional                                       More selective
                                     Extraction, enzyme-based
                                     extraction, supercritical       Low environmental
                                          fluid extraction            impact

              Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE)
              SFE employees carbon dioxide (CO2) at its supercritical conditions (T 31°C, 73 atm)
              as extractor fluid ensuring a safe, not expensive and eco-friendly extractions.
               Selective (co-solvent)
               No degradation of thermolabile substances

              Key parameters: temperature, pressure, particle size of substrate
              that can influence the yield of extraction
Da scarto a risorsa: il progetto CirCo
WP1: extraction of lipids from CS
No literature data reported the application of SFE on CS, only on spent coffee ground
Several extractions were carried out properly matching temperature and pressure, 15mL/min .
The SF extractor is present at Department of Environmental Science and Policy of the University of
Milan
                                VESSEL

              PUMP                          MODIFIER                                                        Silverskin coffee oil
                                             PUMP

                                                                           FA composition (%mol)*                                    Yield
                                                       C14:0    C16:0     C18:0     C18:1     C18:2     C20:0     C22:0      C:24    (%)
                              COLLECTION
                                 VIAL                    3        33       6.3       7.3      23.3      12,2      12.9       1.1      3
                                                       *Data provided by ISTM-CNR, Milan
                                                        GC-FID, column: SP-2560 non-bonded poly(bis-cyanopropyl )siloxane, 100 mt)
    SFT-110 XW, Supercritical Fluid Technologies,
    inc, Newark, USA.

          Preliminary
       industrial scale-up

 The extraction were carried out at ILSA
 srl, obtaining the same results in terms
 of yield (2.8%) and chemical profile of
                 coffee oil
Da scarto a risorsa: il progetto CirCo
Lipid in cosmetics

          SENSORY
          PROFILE    Le miscele di lipidi nelle formulazioni
                     determinano il profilo sensoriale dei
                     prodotti

                          Potere emolliente
                          After-feel
                          Idratazione
WP3 - New cosmetic ingredients

                    How to select cosmetic
                         ingredients

             ORGANOLEPTIC PROPERTIES

                   CHEMICO-PHYSICAL
                      PROPERTIES

-Colour &odor       -
-Polarity           - Volatility
-Viscosity          (vapour pressure)

-Surface tension    - Melting point

-Density
-Refractive index
Chlorgenic acid

               Anti-aging
               UV screen
               Antimicrobial
               Anti-inflammatory
Chlorgenic acid esters

                           Solid
                           catalyst

                   Anti-aging
      R = C4       UV screen
          C8       Antimicrobial
          C12      Anti-inflammatory
          C16
Industria cosmetica
• 10,5 Miliardi di € (2016) con 35000 addetti
• Italia 4° in Europa (51,56% in Lombardia)
• 54% donne vs 28% manifatturiero
«CRUSH»
Paper from silverskin

  Cellulose from silverskin allows to save 20-25% virgin cellulose
SYLVERSKIN TO PAPER: LCA

• LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT: approccio olistico usato per valutare, quantificare e
  misurare l’impatto ambientale di un prodotto durante tutto il suo ciclo di vita.
• ISO 14040-44

        Carta da Coffee
        Silverskin                                 Carta da polpa di legno
Silverskin to paper: LCC

• LIFE CYCLE COST tiene conto die costi legati a tutti gli stadi del prodotto, dallo
  sviluppo alla vendita all‘eliminazione confrontandoli con quelli di un prodotto
  alternativo usando un‘unità di valore monetaria (€)
Industrial Symbiosis

                   Lipid fraction

                                          Paper

               Lipid and       Cosmetic
               phenolic        products
                fraction

                    Cellulosic fraction
Grazie !!
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