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DATA CENTRE - THE NEXT DATACENTRE HUB FEBRUARY 2021 - Prasa Infocom
THE NEXT
       DATACENTRE HUB
                        F E B R U A R Y 2 0 21

       Automation                   Data
                                  Analytics                    IoT

                        AI                    Cloud

IaaS                                                                 PaaS
                                Edge Cloud
           Colocation                                 Edge Devices

       DATA                              CENTRE
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    FOREWORD
     DEBJANI
     GHOSH
     President
Covid-19 has made the online world even
more valuable, with the lockdowns
accelerating the usage of data across
enterprises, individuals as well as               Also, investments in datacentres support
governments. This increasing online focus         growth opportunities for a number of
with government’s call for being                  allied sectors such as telecom, IT
‘Atma-Nirbhar’ or self-reliance; and data         infrastructure and construction, further
protection through data localisation makes        acting as a catalyst to boost country’s
datacentres a critical part of the country’s      overall economy.
data ecosystem.
                                                  This report “India – The Next Datacentres
The criticality of datacentres came to the fore   Hub” is NASSCOM’s attempt to highlight
during the pandemic when most businesses          the huge potential that the country has
were unable to access their in-house servers      from a datacentre market perspective by
during lockdowns, while datacentres were          leveraging the ‘India Advantage’.
still operating as they were deemed as
essential services.                               We hope you find this report interesting
                                                  and we look forward to your suggestions
Demand for datacentres remains upbeat,            and feedback at research@nassom.in.
despite the pandemic - highlighting
datacentre as the backbone of the
“newnormal online era”.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
    Executive Summary                                                                       5

                          Global Datacentre Market – Key Takeaways                          8
    Global Datacentre     Global Datacentre Market - ~$200 billion by 2025                  9
    Market

                          Cloud Adoption and Data Localisation – The Key Drivers   22
    Drivers, Trends and   Focus on Clean Energy and Consolidation – The Key Trends 24
    Challenges            Land, Carbon Emissions and Security – The Key Challenges 26

                          India Datacentre Market – Key Takeaways                       29
                          India – The Growing Data Economy                              30
     India Datacentre     India Market Outlook                                          56
     Market               Recommendations                                               57

                                                                                            61

     Appendix
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    TABLE OF FIGURES
                                                                                9
    Global Datacentre Market Investment
    2019–2025 ($ billion)

    Global Datacentre Investments Share by                                     12
    Infrastructure 2019

    Leading Datacentre Hubs Across the World (2019)                            20

    India Datacentre Market Investment                                         32
    2019–2025 ($ billion)

    Global Datacentre Projects by Status (nos.)                                61

    Global Datacentre Projects by Region (nos.)                                61

    Global Datacentre Market Investment by                                     61
    Region 2019–2025 ($billion)

    India Datacentre Market Investment by                                      68
    Area 2019–2025 (million Square feet)

    India Datacentre Market Investment by                                      69
    Power Capacity 2019–2025 (MW)

    Retail Colocation Pricing (per Rack per Month) – 1H2020                    70

    Colocation Pricing (per kW per Month) 1H2020                               71
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The pandemic has pushed the demand for cloud across the globe with digital transformation
accelerating across industries, and internet becoming a lifeline for people both for work as
well as entertainment. This shift towards cloud has pushed increased investments in
hyper-scale datacentres with the global datacentre market investments expected to reach
~$200 billion per annum by 2025, and India is expected to account for 2.3% of these total
investments.

Global Datacentre Market                          India Datacentre Market
Cumulative investments of $1.3 trillion are       India datacentre market investments are
expected over 2019-2025, with North               expected to grow at a CAGR of 5% (~2X of
America being the leading market in terms of      the global market) to reach $4.6 billion per
investments, and MEA & LATAM being the            annum by 2025.
fastest growing markets followed by APAC.
                                                  India is well positioned to garner a larger
Majority of the global datacentre players are     share of global datacentre investments as it
colocation providers, followed by cloud           provides: significant cost advantage both in
service providers. With growing investment        construction and operations; growing online
opportunities, the market is witnessing           market and international connectivity; ample
increased interest from real estate and private   skilled workforce; and majority investments in
equity players, and entry of many new             Tier IV datacentres.
players.

With the increasing investment in hyper-scale
                                                  Major Datacentre Locations
datacentres the average size of datacentres
as well their power capacity has increased        Mumbai, Chennai, Bengaluru, Hyderabad,
manifold over the last decade.                    Delhi (NCR) - As they offer good fiber
                                                  connectivity,  proximity      to customers,
IT Infrastructure accounts for ~77% share of      availability of skilled workforce, and
total datacentre investments; with the rest       submarine cable connectivity.
being invested in electrical & mechanical
infrastructure, and general construction.         Selection Criteria
Focus on green datacentres, advanced IT           Geographic      location,  power,      fiber
Infrastructure,    emergence     of     edge      connectivity, and general construction &
datacentres, and market consolidation are the     operations remain the key selection criteria
other key trends shaping up the market.           for site selection before setting up a
                                                  datacentre.
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    Outlook

India has a huge potential to take a large
share of global datacentre investments if it is
able to act fast on implementing the recently
announced datacentre draft policy growing
the CAGR by 2X-3X, with annual
investments reaching $6 -$8 billion by
2025.

    KEY RECOMMENDATIONS

              Faster implementation of
              Government’s draft policy

              Encourage use of                                 Deemed approvals for
              renewable energy                                 regulatory clearances

              Level playing ground for all                     Digitization of RFPs to
              datacentre investments                           lead by example

               India Datacentre Market Investment

                                                                                $6 - 8 billion

                                                              $4.6 billion

                $3.4 billion
                               BUSINESS AS USUAL SCENARIO

                  2019                                                       2025F
                                      SOURCE: Arizton and NASSCOM
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                                         3

1
          NOVEMBER 2020

    GLOBAL
    DATACENTRE
    MARKET
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GLOBAL DATACENTRE MARKET –
KEY TAKEAWAYS
Global Datacentre market is expected to
reach ~$200 billion per annum by
2025, primarily driven by increased
investments in hyper-scale datacentres
amidst rising demand for cloud.

      Cumulative investments of $1.3 trillion expected over 2019-2025, with 2020
      witnessing highest growth of 3.6%.

      Majority of the global datacentre players are colocation providers, followed by
      cloud service providers.

      IT Infrastructure accounts for ~77% share of total datacentre investments; the rest is
      for electrical & mechanical infrastructure and general construction.

      Real estate companies are pushing a lot of new investments into datacentres as they
      see higher and faster RoI vs. leasing out to other commercial businesses.

      During 2019, the market saw entry of 15 new datacentre providers.

      Rise in average size (~3X) and power capacity of datacentres as hyper-scalers
      focus on investing in large campuses.

      North America, the leading market in terms of investments; MEA & LATAM, the
      fastest growing markets followed by APAC; currently, India accounts for about 2%
      share in global datacentre investments.

      COVID-19 Impact :

    Increased data traffic has pushed the       A temporary halt in construction of datacentres
    occupancy rate of colocation datacentres    during the lockdown, which quickly recovered
    with several investors planning to expand   as lockdowns were relaxed. Operations of
    their capacities across major datacentre    datacentres continued during the lockdown as
    locations worldwide.                        these were deemed essential services across all
                                                major countries.
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GLOBAL DATACENTRE INVESTMENTS:
~$200 BILLION BY 2025
The global datacentre market witnessed significant investments over the last few years
owing to strong growth in consumption of internet related services, to reach $171 billion in
2019. Moreover, as investments continue to rise in hyper-scale datacentres amidst rising
demand for cloud services accelerated by digital transformation across industries, this
market is expected to reach ~$200 billion by 2025.

     Global Datacentre Market Investment 2019–2025 ($ billion)

       CAGR 2.5%                                      The global market is expected to see
                                      198
                                                      cumulative investments of over ~$1.3
                                                      trillion during 2019-2025, with 2020
                                                      set to witness fastest growth at 3.6%
                               190
                                                      y-o-y, due to demand for datacentre
                   181
                                                      capacity surging post the pandemic,
          171                                         as more users are being pushed
                                                      online.
          2019     2021        2023   2025
                    Source: Arizton

                             Cumulative
       ~ $1.3                investments over
                             2019-25
        trillion                                                      2020 to witness
                                                      3.6%            fastest growth
                                                                      in investments
                                                                      (y-o-y)

                                             APAC - Second fastest
                              3.6%           growing region
                                             (CAGR 2019-25)
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Growing Investments: Over Jan 2017–Jun 2020, the global datacentre industry saw
investments in 1,340 projects1; 900 are currently operational, others are expected to be
operational by 2025. North America led in terms of total investments in 2019, with Europe
leading in terms of number of projects (Details in Appendix1).

                                           Share of Global
                                         Investments - 2019                                    Trends

                                              IT Infrastructure                           2019: Saw entry
                                              78%                                         of 15 new
                                              Support                                     market players
                                              Infrastructure
                                              22%

                                                                                              >10%: APAC
                                                                                             (China, India,
                                            ~43% North America                                Indonesia) &
                                            ~30% APAC                                        MEA - fastest
                                            ~22% Europe                                   growing regions
                                            ~5% MEA & LATAM                                  over 2015-19

                                                                        Source: Arizton

Emergence of New Regional Players: Increased demand is creating opportunities for
new players in the market. During 2019, 15 new players entered the global datacentre
market including Princeton Digital Group (APAC), NDC Data Center (Europe), Yotta
Infrastructure Solutions (India) among many others (Details in Appendix 2).

Increasing interest of Real Estate and Private Equity Firms: This has been a major
growth factor for datacentre investments. Real estate firms have an advantage of owing the
land and they expect to generate higher ROI through leasing the land out to datacentre
providers vs. other commercial ventures2. Expectations of higher and faster ROI is also
getting the private equity interested - accounted for 80%3 of 100+ global datacentre M&A
deals in 2019, with investments increasing 2X over 20163.
        May 2020: KKR & Co. Inc. announced its plan to invest $1 billion4 in Europe through its
        investment arm Global Technical Realty, the largest private equity investor in datacentres
        since 2016.
        August 2020: Hiranandani Group, a major real estate developer in India, announced
        investments worth ₹19,000 crore ($2.6 billion)5 in datacentres through Yotta
        Infrastructure Solutions.

1
    Arizton   2
                  CBRE Survey   Synergy Research Group (CRN)
                                3                              4
                                                                   S&P Global   5
                                                                                    The Week
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Local Datacentre Providers Driving Growth: By developing large facilities at multiple
locations:
       Sunevision, Hong Kong - In 2018, acquired land covering 27,444 square meters in
       Tseung Kwan O, Hong Kong, for datacentre development.
       CtrlS, India - Investing in hyper-scale datacentre campuses in Mumbai and Hyderabad
       each covering over 2 million square feet of area.

The Rise of Colocation Providers: Majority of this growth in investments is expected to
come from colocation providers who are expected to invest in 300+ projects annually
between 2019-2025.
       Colocation providers dominate the global datacentre market.
          Global datacentre colocation market by revenue was valued at $35 billion in
          2019 and is expected to reach $54 billion in 2025, growing at a CAGR of 7.5%6.
       Equinix and Digital Realty, two of the world's leading colocation providers accounted for
       31%7 of the total M&A deal value over 2015-2019.
       In developed countries, enterprise on-premise datacentre investments are declining due
       to significant initial CAPEX & ongoing high OPEX for operating datacentres older than 15
       years.

Rise in Average Size and Power Capacity of Datacentres: Over the last five years, the
average size of a facility has increased 3X with majority of the upcoming datacentres
having an area of >50,000 square feet. The total power capacity of a single datacentre
facility on full build-out grew 10X over the past decade crossing 50 MW per facility in
2019. This trend is expected to continue in the coming years as hyper-scalers invest in large
campuses.

        Investments by area expected to increase at CAGR 3.6% to reach 39 million square feet
        by 2025 (Details in Appendix 3).
        Investments by power capacity expected to increase at CAGR 3.5% to reach 7,119 MW
        by 2025 (Details in Appendix 4).

MEA & LATAM, the Fastest Growing Markets: Investments in the region (MEA+LATAM)
are expected to grow at CAGR 6.4% over 2019-25, followed by APAC (CAGR 3.6%).

       Increase in demand for cloud services and datacentre outsourcing services (colocation
       services) remain key drivers.

6
    Arizton (Based on revenues of colocation providers worldwide)   Synergy Research Group (Fierce Telecom)
                                                                    7
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IT Infrastructure accounts for
over ~75% share
of total datacentre investments

Investments in datacentre infrastructure can be classified based on critical (IT Infrastructure)
and support infrastructure (electrical, mechanical and general construction).
       The share of global spend on IT and support infrastructure was 78% and 22%,
       respectively in 2019. Going forward this share is expected to remain largely unchanged.

     Global Datacentre Investments Share by Infrastructure, 2019 (100% = $171 billion)

                                                                    8%
                  GENERAL CONSTRUCTION                         5%

                                                          9%
          MECHANICAL INFRASTRUCTURE

              ELECTRICAL INFRASTRUCTURE
                                                                         78%
                      IT INFRASTRUCTURE

                                                                    Source: Arizton

                 IT Infrastructure

 Comprised of servers (55% share), storage devices (32%), network (13%)
 Servers: USA and China lead the server market, followed by Japan, the UK, and
 Germany.

 Storage: Enterprises are migrating from traditional hard disk drive (HDD)-only systems to
 all-flash and hybrid storage infrastructure.
         Cost of Solid-State Device (SSD) likely to decline 4X over 2019-2025, leading to
         strong growth of all-flash and hybrid arrays. ~85% of critical applications are
         expected to run on all-flash arrays by 2025.

         All-flash arrays storage market was valued at ~$12 billion in 2019, expected to reach
         ~$25 billion by 2025, CAGR of ~14%8.

8
    Arizton
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 Network: Adoption of high-capacity Ethernet switches, which include 25GbE, 40GbE
 and 100 GbE switch ports is expected to grow due to the explosion in data traffic.
 Consequently, this is leading to the decline in low capacity ethernet switches namely,
 1/10 GbE port switches.

         Electrical Infrastructure

 Includes UPS systems, generators, power distribution units, transfer switch &
 switchgears and others
 UPS: VRLA-batteries are likely to be replaced by lithium-ion batteries, which are expected
 to capture 25% market share by 2025. Introduction of innovative battery technology like
 Nickel Zinc and Sodium-ion is expected to gain traction.

 Generators: Generators continue to play a vital role in powering datacentres due to
 unreliability in grid power supply. Also, fuel cells are considered as an alternative solution
 for generators for backup power supply. For instance, Microsoft tested hydrogen
 powered fuel cells as backup power solutions to diesel generators for datacentre in July
 2020.

 Power Distribution Units (PDUs): Busway systems and rack PDUs are predominantly
 used across datacentres. Increased awareness on reducing power consumption is leading
 to strong growth in intelligent power distribution solutions.

         Mechanical Infrastructure

 Consists of cooling systems, rack cabinets and others

 Cooling solutions: The use of free cooling solutions has grown considerably in markets
 like North America, Europe, China, Japan, South Korea and ANZ. Countries
 experiencing tropical climatic conditions such as India depend on air-cooled chillers and
 chilled water-based cooling solutions. Regions which experience water scarcity are likely
 to use innovative cooling solutions to reduce water consumption.

 Racks: Majority of modern datacentres are built with flexible designs, supporting up to
 52U rack adoption. The developed market is witnessing the penetration of OCP-rack
 infrastructure solutions among hyper-scale facilities.
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                 General Construction

    Core & shell development, installation & commissioning services, building & engineering
    design are the major services. It also includes services such as physical security and
    datacentre infrastructure management.
          Construction costs vary by location of the datacentre. For example, in 2018, it cost
          around $200 per square feet in Japan, whereas it was around $40 per square feet in
          India9.
          Over the last 2-3 years, sustainable datacentre designs have been a priority for
          datacentre operators so as to improve operational efficiencies. It includes use of
          innovative power and cooling infrastructures and renewable energy sources
          Datacentres are built with minimum four layers of security, i.e. perimeter security,
          datacentre building security, data hall security and electromagnetic pulse (EMP)
          shielding.
          Use of automation and AI to monitor and manage datacentre operations is expected
          to increase. For instance, use of automation and AI enabled controls for datacentre
          cooling, which in-turn reduces power consumption.

9
    Turner & Townsend
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 IMPACT OF COVID
 The global economy witnessed a slowdown due to the outbreak of the COVID-19
 pandemic. While the pandemic has affected industries across the world, the datacentre
 industry has been impacted in the following ways:
       Temporary halt in construction projects: Several construction projects were brought
       to a halt but only for about a month or so to prevent the spread of infection.
       However, construction soon continued when the lockdown restrictions were eased.
       Datacentre services continued during the lockdown as they were deemed as
       essential services in most countries.
       Supply chain disruptions: The pandemic resulted in several supply chain challenges,
       which impacted the revenue of several infrastructure providers in Q1 and Q2 2020.
       However, with easing of lockdown restrictions worldwide, the impact is expected to
       decrease from Q3 2020.
       Availability of high-quality datacentre services: Necessary precautionary measures
       taken by operators worldwide ensured availability of high-quality services.

 COVID-19 has significantly increased data traffic and the demand for datacentre services.
 The pandemic has increased the occupancy rate of colocation datacentres with several
 investors planning to expand their capacities in major datacentre locations worldwide.
 Investments in capacity expansion by operators worldwide started to pick up in Q3 2020
 owing to the surge in demand in the market.

        FACTORS               Q1 2020                Q2 2020               Q3 2020

      Construction

      Supply Chain

         Impact Indicators:
                               VERY LOW        LOW        MODERATE       VERY HIGH
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 KEY GLOBAL HUBS
 Worldwide datacentre market is dominated by USA
 and China. The UK, Germany, Netherlands and
 France are leading datacentre hubs in Europe. In
 APAC, Singapore, Hong Kong, Australia and
 Japan are established datacentre hubs. India and
 Indonesia are the upcoming markets as they are
 expected to experience strong growth during
 2021-2025.

 In APAC, shortage of land in Singapore and Hong
 Kong is expected to increase datacentre
 development in India and Indonesia. However,
 compared to Indonesia, availability of skilled
 workforce is higher in India along with government
 support in offering incentives. The Indian market
 also has strong potential to support datacentre
 demand from African and Middle Eastern countries,
 owing to availability of skilled workforce and
 improvement in submarine network connectivity
 between India and other countries.

 USA
                     The US market is witnessing investments in at least 80 datacentre
      INVESTMENTS    projects on an annual basis. Virginia is the leading state with
                     investments of over $1 billion in 2019

                     Strong demand for datacentre services among enterprises operating
      KEY DRIVING    in the market coupled with increase in self-built hyper-scale facility
       FACTORS       development by Facebook, Google, AWS and Microsoft

                     Digital Realty, Equinix and CyrusOne are each investing a minimum
                     of $500 million in datacentre buildouts on a y-o-y basis.
      KEY PLAYERS/   Hyper-scale operators namely, AWS, Google, Microsoft, Facebook
       INVESTORS     and Apple are also investing on datacentre campuses supporting a
                     minimum of 100 MW of power capacity
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 GERMANY
                     In 2019, Germany’s datacentre market witnessed investment in
      INVESTMENTS    around 25 datacentre facilities

                     The market is mainly driven by data localization law i.e. General
                     Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) which came into effect from
                     May 2018. In addition, Industry 4.0 and IIoT are expected to
      KEY DRIVING    drive market growth in Germany between 2019 and 2025. Also,
       FACTORS       UK’s decision to move out of European Union (EU) has aided in
                     the increased of demand for datacentre services in Germany,
                     Netherlands, and France

      KEY PLAYERS/   Equinix, Interxion, CyrusOne, Global Switch and NTT Global
                     Data Center (e-Shelter) were the leading datacentre investors in
       INVESTORS     Germany

 UK
                     In 2019, the UK datacentre market witnessed investments in over 20
      INVESTMENTS    datacentre projects. Colocation providers were the major
                     contributors with a share of >90% in 2019

      KEY DRIVING    The UK is the most sought-after location for datacentre owing to
                     strong business demand for datacentre services from local as well
       FACTORS       as global enterprises operating in the market

                     Equinix, Digital Realty, CyrusOne, ST Telemedia Global Data
      KEY PLAYERS/   Centres (VIRTUS Data Centres), Telehouse and Colt Data Center
       INVESTORS     Services
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 CHINA
                     In 2019, China dominated datacentre spending in the APAC region
      INVESTMENTS    with a share of around 48%. China has been seeing an addition of
                     >20 new datacentres annually between 2017 and 2020

                     Datacentre investment is led by internet, cloud and
                     telecommunication service providers like Alibaba, China Unicom,
      KEY DRIVING    Baidu, China Telecom, Tencent and China Mobile. And the
       FACTORS       increase in digitalization initiatives carried out by Chinese
                     enterprises and growing consumption of internet-related services
                     by consumers in the county

                     As per government rules, global operators can’t hold majority
      KEY PLAYERS/   share in ownership of datacentres, leading to complete dominance
       INVESTORS     by local operators namely, GDS Services, Shanghai Athub,
                     ChinData, Qnet, Chayora, China Unicom and Tenglong Holdings

 JAPAN
                     Traditionally dominated by domestic IT companies such as Fujitsu,
                     Hitachi, NTT Communications, Mitsubishi Electric and NEC. Japan
                     is now evolving into a global datacentre market driven by global
      INVESTMENTS    hyper-scale cloud providers such as AWS, Google, Microsoft
                     Azure and IBM SoftLayer, expanding their presence in the country.
                     Tokyo is the major datacentre destination in Japan. However, over
                     the past three years, datacentre operators have increasingly shown
                     interest to build facilities in Osaka, a cost-effective destination

                     Adoption of cloud-based services and digitalization of enterprise
                     business environment is the major driver for Japan’s datacentre
      KEY DRIVING
                     market. However, major drawback of Japan is the high construction
       FACTORS       cost and environmental hazards namely, earthquakes - which
                     makes site selection a difficult task

      KEY PLAYERS/   MC Digital Realty, NTT Communications, Fujitsu, Colt, INAP,
       INVESTORS     Equinix and KDDI Telehouse are the leading datacentre operators
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 INDIA
                    The India market is witnessing investments in at-least 10 datacentre
                    projects on an annual basis from datacentre service providers. The
      INVESTMENTS
                    state of Maharashtra continues to dominate with investment share
                    of over 50% in the market

                    Government's Digital India initiatives to spur demand for
      KEY DRIVING   datacentre services from central and state government in India. The
                    proposed Data Protection Bill 2018/19 will be one of the key
       FACTORS
                    driving factors for market growth going forward

                    Service providers including NTT Global Data Centers (Netmagic),
                    ST Telemedia Global Data Centres India, CtrlS, Yotta Infrastructure
  KEY PLAYERS/      Solutions, RackBank are investing in datacentre development to
   INVESTORS        support the unprecedented demand that will arise through data
                    localization policy
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 Leading Datacentre Hubs Across the World (2019)                                          Illustrative

                                                                Power                 Global
       Country       Investment          Area
                      ($ Billion)   (Mn. Square Feet)          Capacity             Investment
                                                                  (MW)               Share (%)

     US             70.0 (1.2%)      13.0 (0.6%)            2,280 (1.6%)                 41%

     China          20.4 (3.3%)       3.0 (3.3%)             600 (3.0%)                  12%

     UK              7.5 (4.8%)       1.1 (0.6%)             189 (1.0%)                  4%

     Germany         7.0 (4.6%)       1.1 (2.7%)             227 (2.9%)                  4%

     Japan           5.9 (3.7%)      0.6 (5.8%)              126 (4.1%)                  3%

     Australia      4.9 (4.9%)        0.7 (3.6%)             129 (3.1%)                  3%

     Netherlands     4.1 (4.3%)       1.0 (5.0%)             169 (3.0%)                  2%

     Hong Kong       3.7 (2.6%)       0.7 (2.6%)             101 (2.9%)                  2%

     India           3.4 (5.0%)       1.7 (7.0%)             310 (7.0%)                  2%

     Singapore       3.1 (4.6%)      0.8 (4.6%)              160 (3.8%)                  2%

     Indonesia      1.2 (10.8%)      0.2 (8.3%)               35 (7.3%)                   1%

                                             Note: Figures in brackets represent % CAGR over 2019-2025
                                                                                        Source: Arizton
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2    DRIVERS,
     TRENDS AND
     CHALLENGES
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CLOUD ADOPTION AND DATA
LOCALISATION – THE KEY DRIVERS
 The global datacentre market is witnessing a continuous uptrend owing to growing internet
 penetration, increased adoption of cloud, rising use of big data analytics and IoT,
 increased thrust on data localisation and tax incentives10.

               COVID-19 has further accelerated
               the market growth as the demand
               for data traffic, cloud and digital
               technologies witnessed an increase,
               with more businesses moving online
               post the lockdowns globally.

             Global internet penetration increased                                 Global public cloud services market is
             to 62% in 2019 from 39% in 2010                                       expected to grow at a CAGR of
                                                                                   14.5% to reach $364.1 billion by
             In India, it grew to 55% in Mar’20                                    2025
             (48.5% - Mar’19)
                                                                                   India’s public cloud services is
             Global Mobile Traffic is expected to                                  expected to reach $5 billion by 2023
             reach 164EB per month by 2025
             (33EB -2019)

        INTERNET PENETRATION AND
                                                                                        CLOUD ADOPTION
              DATA TRAFFIC

10
   NASSCOM SMB Cloud Adoption In India, TRAI, Gartner Research, Frost and Sullivan, IDC, Miniwatts Marketing Group,
Ericsson Mobility Report 2019, PriMetrica and Company Press Releases
23                                                                                                    INDIA- THE NEXT DATACENTRE HUB

             Big data analytics is expected to grow                                +400 submarine cables                   under
             at CAGR ~29% to reach $68 billion                                     deployment globally (2019)
             by 2025
                                                                                   ~ 90 submarine cable projects are
             Number of IoT devices to reach ~75                                    expected during 2019-22
             billion in 2025, generating 79.4 zetta-
             bytes of data                                                         Jio (India) has proposed 2 submarine
                                                                                   cable systems connecting Singapore
                                                                                   and Europe (operational by 2022)

          BIG DATA ANALYTICS & IOT                                         IMPROVED FIBER CONNECTIVITY

             Data localization laws are gaining                                    Datacentre is a capex intensive
             prominence such as GDPR in Europe                                     business, thus most countries are
             and Cybersecurity Law in China                                        offering incentives on :

             Personal Data Protection Bill,                                           Sales and property tax
             2018/19 in India is also under                                           Electricity pricing
             consideration

          DATA LOCALIZATION LAWS                                                          TAX INCENTIVES

10
   NASSCOM SMB Cloud Adoption In India, TRAI, Gartner Research, Frost and Sullivan, IDC, Miniwatts Marketing Group,
Ericsson Mobility Report 2019, PriMetrica and Company Press Releases
24                                                                                                           INDIA- THE NEXT DATACENTRE HUB

FOCUS ON CLEAN ENERGY AND
CONSOLIDATION – THE KEY TRENDS
 Increasing efficiency of datacentres has always been a key focus area for operators and
 developers. In 2007, The Green Grid, a non-profit organization, was established to focus
 on ways to improve the efficiency of datacentres11. This also resulted in an increase in use
 of renewable sources and other energy efficient innovations. A shift towards advanced IT
 Infrastructure, emergence of edge datacentres, and market consolidation are the other key
 trends shaping up the market.

              The rise of                                                         Shift towards Advance
          Green Datacentres                                                          IT Infrastructure

 In 2019, the average PUE of datacentres                                        Enterprises in datacentres are shifting
 was in the range of 1.8–2.0 worldwide;                                         towards advanced IT infrastructure
 while the ideal PUE value is 1.0                                               including:
                                                                                    Hyperconverged          Infrastructure
 Thus, there is an increasing focus on green
                                                                                    (HCI): Offers scalability, reliability,
 datacentres which utilize energy-efficient
                                                                                    easier       configuration        and
 technologies and renewable energy
                                                                                    administration at lower costs
      August 2020: Digital Realty powered                                           All Flash Array Storage: Enables
      its Dallas area datacentre with 65                                            faster storage and retrieval of data
      MW solar energy from Pattern Energy,                                          compared to traditional storage
      Texas                                                                         (Hard drives)
 Increased Use of Energy Efficient
                                                                                    High Capacity Switches: Enhances
 Solutions such as free cooling and
                                                                                    network performance as they come
 liquid-immersion/ direct-to-chip solutions
                                                                                    in high capacity variants of 200GbE
 which increases PUE efficiency; and DCIM
                                                                                    and 400GbE switch ports
 software that leverages automation to
 enable predictive maintenance

 Introduced key efficiency metrics - Power Usage Effectiveness (PUE), Carbon Usage Effectiveness (CUE), Water Usage Effectiveness
11

(WUE). Sources: Digital Realty, Amazon, EdgeMicro, Smart Edge Data Centres, Digital Realty-Adani Group, Equinix-GPX,
451 Research & Ericsson
25                                                                                                          INDIA- THE NEXT DATACENTRE HUB

                                                                                   Need for Geographic
         Emergence of Edge                                                          Expansion Driving
           Datacentres                                                                Consolidation

Increasing use of compute-intensive                                            The need for stronger market presence is
technologies like IoT and AI has                                               driving M&A deals in the market
increased the need for faster network
                                                                                      >1,700 datacentre M&A deals
response to customers, in-turn driving the
                                                                                      worth ~$115 billion closed during
demand for edge datacentres
                                                                                      2010-2020 (as of Sep’ 20)
      In 2020, Smart Edge DC announced
                                                                                      Leading      colo-market     players
      its plans to deploy edge datacentres
                                                                                      Equinix and Digital Realty have
      across ~1,000 locations in the UK,
                                                                                      invested +$30 billion over the last
      highlighting more storage being
                                                                                      decade
      deployed in secondary and regional
                                                                                        August 2020: Equinix announced
      markets
                                                                                      acquisition of GPX Global Systems in
                                                                                      India ($161 million)
      In August 2020, EdgeMicro
      announced its plans to deploy 5
                                                                                      New investor segments-infra funds,
      edge datacentres in US
                                                                                      SWFs, pension funds and family
                                                                                      pushing more money into the market
                                                                                        October 2019: Equinix & GIC,
                                                                                      Singapore launched a JV to invest $1
                                                                                      billion in Europe

 Introduced key efficiency metrics - Power Usage Effectiveness (PUE), Carbon Usage Effectiveness (CUE), Water Usage Effectiveness
11

(WUE). Sources: Digital Realty, Amazon, EdgeMicro, Smart Edge Data Centres, Digital Realty-Adani Group, Equinix-GPX,
451 Research & Ericsson
26                                                                                                              INDIA- THE NEXT DATACENTRE HUB

LAND, CARBON EMISSIONS AND
SECURITY – THE KEY CHALLENGES
 Location of the datacentre facility plays a vital role in assuring service continuity of the
 facility. The cost of downtime for 33% of all incidents globally, cost enterprises over
 $250,000 per incident, and about 15% of incidents cost over $1 million12 per incident.
 Apart from choosing the best location, datacentre operators are reeling under pressure to
 cut-down carbon emissions and ensuring both physical and logical security of datacentres.

                 Location Constraints

 Skill Availability: Developed countries such as the US and the UK have moderate skill
 shortages for advanced datacentre construction and design, while for India, this remains a
 key challenge

 Government Approvals: Smooth in countries like Singapore, while a time-consuming
 process in India

 Power and Other Resources: Inadequate availability of power and water is a key
 challenge for emerging countries in LATAM, Africa and India. Availability of land is
 becoming a key concern in countries like Singapore and Hong Kong; this, along with entry
 barriers for global providers in China, is expected to help India emerge as a preferred
 location in APAC region

                 Carbon Emissions

 High Power Consumption: With significant growth in datacentres worldwide, their use of
 power has increased. In 2018, datacentres consumed 1% of the world’s electricity; this is
 set to grow further in the coming years. A datacentre with a total power capacity of 1,300
 kWh and 1,000 kWh of IT load, operating at PUE of 1.30, consumes an average of 11.4
 million kWh of energy and emits 7,500 tons of CO2 annually

 Pressure to Reduce Carbon Emissions amidst a likely Carbon Tax: Increasing focus on
 renewable energy as a carbon tax on datacentres is likely due to growing emissions. In
 2019, Singapore Govt. set a carbon tax of S$5/ton of CO2

12
     Uptime Institute, Schneider Electric’s Carbon Footprint Calculator, Singapore Carbon Tax, Sciencemag.com
27                                                                                                              INDIA- THE NEXT DATACENTRE HUB

                Datacentre Security

Security Threats: To the datacentre facility from physical damages; safety of IT Infrastructure
from attacks and network vulnerabilities

Growing Complexities in Datacentre Environment Increasing Logical Threats: With a
variety of hardware and software platforms integrated to handle data flow in and out of the
facility, a variety of logical threats are emerging such as DDoS attacks, web application
attacks, DNS infrastructure exploits, SSL-induced security blind spots, weak authentication,
and brute force attacks. Legacy systems in datacentres are more prone to these attacks

12
     Uptime Institute, Schneider Electric’s Carbon Footprint Calculator, Singapore Carbon Tax, Sciencemag.com
28          INDIA- THE NEXT DATACENTRE HUB

3    INDIA
     DATACENTRE
     MARKET
29                                                                  INDIA- THE NEXT DATACENTRE HUB

INDIA DATACENTRE MARKET –
KEY TAKEAWAYS
India datacentre market is expected to
reach ~$5 billion by 2025, primarily
driven by growing internet penetration,
increased cloud adoption, government’s
digitization initiatives and the push
towards localization.

     Cumulative investments of ~$28 billion expected over 2019-2025.

     At about $3.4 billion investments in 2019, India’s share in the global datacentre
     market stood at ~2%; in the base case scenario, by 2025, India’s share is estimated
     to be 2.3%.

     In terms of CAGR over 2019-2025, India is expected to grow at ~5%, 2X faster
     than global.

     India is currently home to 80+ third-party datacentres and is witnessing investments
     in around 15 projects annually, with growing presence of both local and
     international players.
       Majority of these investments are being done in outsourced datacentres which are
       gaining demand amidst increasing cloud adoption.

The India Advantage
     Majority of investments in India are focused on advanced Tier IV datacentres.

     India has a major cost advantage compared to matured regions both on
     development as well as operational costs.

     Availability of Engineering skillset.

COVID-19 Impact
     Increased capacity utilization of existing outsourced datacentres.

     Consequently, service providers have fast track their planned expansions.
30                                                                              INDIA- THE NEXT DATACENTRE HUB

INDIA – THE GROWING DATA ECONOMY
Growing internet penetration, increased adoption of cloud, IoT, growing use cases for
AR/VR, AI/ML, big data analytics and edge computing coupled with the Government of
India’s (GoI) digitisation initiatives are key factors driving the growth of India’s data
economy.

Internet penetration in India witnessed a significant increase to 50% in January 2020
with the number of active internet users increasing 3X13 over 2015, with both urban and as
rural areas contributing to this growth. Further impetus came from government’s regulations
to localize data storage, ₹8,000 crore (~$1.1 billion) budget allocation in 2020 under
the National Mission on Quantum Technologies and Applications (NM-QTA) and the
Reserve Bank of India’s target of a tenfold increase in digital financial transactions.

Moreover, this digitisation push accelerated during the COVID-19 with
data-usage-per-subscriber rising at an all-time high of 12.1 GB14 per month in quarter
ending June 2020, amidst increased work-from-home, online education, OTT
consumption, online gaming and casual internet use during the lockdown.

India has the second largest internet user base globally, which has further accelerated
post the pandemic as more number of people moved online and small businesses
digitised. India had an internet subscriber base of 749.1 as of June 202015, which is
expected to cross 1 billion16 by 2025.

This has led to an increase in the amount of data generated and consumed. Indians
consumed the highest amount of data per month at ~12GB in 2019, globally, which is
expected to double over the next five years.17

This rise in data coupled with an increasing focus on data protection and data localisation
policies is driving the demand for datacentres in the country. Consequently, datacentre
investments have risen significantly over the last few years and this trend is expected to be
maintained in the coming years.

¹³Atlas VPN   14
                   TRAI and CARE Ratings    TRAI
                                           15      16
                                                        Atlas VPN    Ericsson
                                                                    17
31                                                                  INDIA- THE NEXT DATACENTRE HUB

                                          Investments in Datacentre Market
                                          in India expected to reach about
                                          $5 billion by 2025
                                         India is home to 80+ third-party datacentres and
                                         is witnessing investments in around 15 projects
                                         annually.

       Mumbai, Bengaluru, Chennai, Delhi (NCR), Hyderabad and Pune are the key cities
       accounting for majority of the datacentres. Calcutta, Kerala and Ahmedabad are the
       upcoming destinations.

       India has a growing presence of global datacentre operators such as NTT Global
       Data Centers (Netmagic Solutions) and ST Telemedia Global Data Centres (India),
       Colt DCS, Equinix and Digital Realty (in partnership with Adani Group).

       The market also has a strong presence of local service providers such as CtrlS, ESDS
       Data Center Solutions, RackBank, Pi Datacenters and BSNL (Nextgen Infinite),
       NGBPS, WebWerks, Airtel (Nxtra Data Centers), Sify Technologies.

  Datacentre Projects Status In India (January 2017 - June 2020)

                  25               20                     20                       5
           PROJECT               UNDER                ANNOUNCED                PLANNED
         OPERATIONAL          DEVELOPMENT              PROJECTS                PROJECTS
                                PROJECT
Source: Arizton
32                                                                                     INDIA- THE NEXT DATACENTRE HUB

      India Datacentre Market Investment 2019–2025 ($ billion)

               CAGR 5.0%
                                                         These growing datacentre market
                                            4.6
                                  4.2                    investments in turn drive the demand for
                           3.8                           datacentre infrastructure investments
                   3.4
                                                         including the demand for IT, electrical,
                                                         mechanical and general construction
                                                         services in India.

                  2019     2021   2023     2025
Source: Arizton

       Cumulative investments                            Share in global
         over 2019-2025                                investments in 2019

                 ~$28
                 billion                 2X                ~2%                                    80+

                                  Faster growth than                                          Third party
                                    global market                                             datacentres

               India Datacentre Market Investment Share by Infrastructure ($billion)18

India has strong presence of infrastructure
providers such as Dell Technologies,
Schneider Electric; system integrators                       $3.4                              $4.6
(Wipro, TCS and Prasa Infocom) as well as                     9%                                11%
                                                              9%                                10%
general construction providers (Sterling &                    15%                               17%
Wilson, L&T Construction), which further
support investments in datacentres in the                     67%                               63%
country.

With increasing investments in hyper-scale
                                                             2019                              2025
datacentres, share of support infrastructure
(electrical, mechanical and general                         IT Infrastructure                  Electrical Infrastructure

construction services) is expected to                       Mechanical Infrastructure          General Infrastructure
increase in the coming years.

18
     Arizton
33                                                                         INDIA- THE NEXT DATACENTRE HUB

 Datacentre Market Landscape – Captive Vs Outsourced
 Broadly the datacentre investments in India can be categorized into captive datacentres
 and outsourced datacentres.

 Captive Datacentres: Owned and operated by enterprises themselves. On an average,
 there are new investments in at least 60 captive datacentre projects annually in India
 primarily driven by the public sector.

           The market is expected to see an increase in deployment of modular/containerized
           captive datacentre facilities i.e. 20-30 annually in the coming years, as that helps in
           better utilization of the commercial office space.

           However, investments in captive datacentres by private sector enterprises in India
           have been declining primarily on account of the shift to cloud platforms, though it is
           growing for governments and public enterprises.

           The new demand in the segment is primarily coming from public sector and
           educational institutions, while it is majorly restricted to expansion/upgradation of the
           existing facilities for the private sector.

                                      CAPTIVE DATACENTRE

                                    Control over          Higher CAPEX
                                    infrastructure        and OPEX
                            PROS

                                                                             CONS

                                    Security              Scalability
                                                          Challenges
                                    Less
                                    Dependence            Highly Prone
                                    on Internet           to Data Loss
                                    Access

 Outsourced Datacentres: Developed and operated by third-party service providers;
 these can be classified as – Hosting Services, Colocation Services and Hybrid Services
 (Details in Appendix 9).

18
     Arizton
34                                                                               INDIA- THE NEXT DATACENTRE HUB

 Hosting Services account for most revenues
 Majority of the outsourced datacentre developers/operators such as NTT Global Data
 Centers (Net Magic), Ctrl S offer hosting services in India. Also, global cloud service
 providers such as AWS, Microsoft, Google, IBM, and Oracle offer cloud hosting services
 for Indian customers through their physical cloud regions in India. On an average, hosting
 services contribute to 50% of the local outsourced datacentre service providers’ total
 revenue, while colocation and hybrid services together account for remaining 50% of the
 revenue.

                                               OUTSOURCED DATACENTRE

                                           Scalability        Possible Hidden
                                                              Cost
                                PROS

                                                                                      CONS
                                           Up to 99.99%
                                           Uptime             Less Control over
                                                              Infrastructure
                                           Reduced CAPEX

                                           Improve Physical
                                           Security

 Colocation Services Market
 Colocation services in the market has gained significant traction especially among large
 enterprises users in India

           NTT Global Data Center (Netmagic) and ST Telemedia Global Data Centres (India)
           are the leading players in terms of colocation services. Netmagic as well as other
           colocation service providers such as Ctrl S, Sify Technologies, Reliance, Rackbank
           and Airtel (Nxtra) also offer hosting services.

           Major end-users of colocation services in India include cloud service providers, BFSI
           and entertainment sector, content delivery network providers, and e-commerce
           organizations. Emerging sectors include healthcare, state & central government
           agencies, manufacturing and logistics.

           Consequently, the colocation market in India is expected to increase at a CAGR of
           16% to reach ~$1.4 billion by 2025 from $550 million in 201919, a 2.5X growth.

19
     Arizton (Based on company colocation revenues)
35                                                                    INDIA- THE NEXT DATACENTRE HUB

Outsourced Datacentres Gaining Traction
     The outsourced datacentre market in India is expected to grow significantly in the
     coming years owing to the migration of IT enterprises from captive datacentres to
     hyper-scale facilities, which is further aided by the need to establish physical
     infrastructure by global organizations amidst the push for data localization.

        Cloud leading the demand - Key sectors driving this growth include cloud
        service providers, content providers (such as OTT players) and BFSI sector.

        Majority investments in Tier 1 cities, with growing focus on Tier 2 - Majority
        of these outsourced datacentre investments are currently focused on Tier 1 cities,
        with only a few outsourced datacentre providers such as NGBPS Limited, BSNL
        (Nxtgen Infinite), Pi Datacenters, and RackBank operating facilities in Tier 2 cities.
           Going forward, outsourced datacentre investments in Tier 2 cities is expected
           to increase amidst a rising demand from local governments, enterprises, and
           educational institutions

        Hyper-scale Datacentres to lead the new normal - In recent years, increased
        demand for third-party datacentre services such as colocation and hosting
        services has led to the evolution of datacentres. The datacentre industry has
        evolved from small-scale facilities (40 MW).

Hybrid Services
      Hybrid services is combination of colocation as well as hosting services. Enterprise
      customers procure infrastructure and host in a colocation facility, while the datacentre
      service provider manages the day-to-day operations.

      In India, the market is still in the nascent stage, with only a few datacentre operators
      like, NTT (Netmagic Solutions) and CtrlS, able to provide advanced hybrid services.
      Currently, ~20% of the customers opt for hybrid services. Going forward, this is
      expected to grow with the increase in adoption of colocation services.

Outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic has increased capacity utilization of existing
outsourced datacentres during 1H2020. This has prompted service providers to fast
track their planned expansions, thereby aiding the growth in investments in the market.
In addition, the possibility of implementation of data localization laws, growing
e-commerce and other digital transformation initiatives are also acting as a growth
catalyst.
36                                                                  INDIA- THE NEXT DATACENTRE HUB

The India Advantage

                 Focus on Tier IV Standards:

Majority of these upcoming investments in datacentres are for Tier IV standards (the
highest rating in datacentre standards), certified by the Uptime Institute in India. Yotta
Infrastructure Solutions, GPX Global Systems (Equinix) and Pi Datacenters are the notable
companies investing in Tier IV facilities.

                 Cost:

In India, cost of developing a Tier III datacentre costs around $3.0–$3.5 million, while
for a Tier IV datacentre it is around $4.5-$5.0 million. This is 50%20 cheaper compared
to major global markets such as the US, the UK, Germany, Singapore, Hong Kong, and
Japan.
     The retail and wholesale colocation prices in matured markets such as Singapore,
     Hong Kong, and Japan are higher compared to India with the difference being 1.4X
     - 2X21 as of 1H2020 in case of retail colocation (Details in Appendix 10).

                 Skills:

Skilled workforce is among the major site selection criteria for datacentre development
and operations. Engineering skill shortage is a major challenge in developed datacentre
markets such as the North America and Western Europe, where it is a benefit for India to
position itself as a major datacentre hub.

                 Location advantage:

India has a huge data consuming market, a growing submarine cable connectivity
system, and a fairly stable geography (with most cities not prone frequent
earthquakes/other natural disasters). These factors coupled with the increasing shift
towards cloud makes India a hotspot for datacentres. Building datacentres in new tier 2
cities where internet use is booming is also a strategic business move, as it would help in
easing congestion and speed up internet services, creating increased opportunities for
edge datacentres in the country.

 Arizton (Primary Research)
20                            21
                                   Arizton
37                                                                          INDIA- THE NEXT DATACENTRE HUB

           India has an internet user base of over 700 million subscribers which is expected to
           reach one billion22 by 2025. It is also the wold’s second largest internet user market.23

           As of June 2020, there were 17 submarine cable projects which connected India with
           the rest of the world; with Mumbai, Chennai, Cochin, Tuticorin, and Puducherry
           being the landing cities for submarine cables in India.
                 With increasing internet traffic, more investments are being put into new projects.
                 For example - Reliance Jio has planned two submarine cables - India-Asia-Xpress
                 (IAX) and India-Europe-Xpress (IEX), which connect India indirectly to the US
                 through Southeast Asia and Europe. These cables are likely to support capacity of
                 over 100 Tbps, and are likely to be operational by 2023.

22
     Atlas VPN    IAMAI/NIelsen
                 23
38                                                                                                          INDIA- THE NEXT DATACENTRE HUB

Major Datacentre Locations in India

Majority of the datacentres in the country are concentrated in Tier 1 cities namely,
Mumbai, Chennai, Bengaluru, Hyderabad, Delhi as they offer good fiber connectivity,
proximity to customers, availability of skilled workforce, and submarine cable connectivity.

            Submarine cable connectivity is a key advantage in case of Mumbai and Chennai
            making them the top two locations in terms of number of operational outsourced
            datacentres.

            Bengaluru and Hyderabad are best placed in terms of environmental hazards criteria
            as they fall in Seismic Zone II. They also have favourable land costs compared to
            Mumbai, Chennai and Delhi.

            Hyderabad and Mumbai also offer tax incentives for datacentres, while skills
            availability remains a major support factor across all locations.

Kolkata and Pune are key upcoming cities as the demand across these locations is driven
by digital transformation initiatives by government, improvement in terrestrial network
connectivity, and proximity to customers.

                       Mumbai (Maharashtra)24

 All major datacentre operators in India such as ST Telemedia Global Data Centres India,
 NTT Global Data Centers (Netmagic), Reliance Communications, CtrlS and Sify
 Technologies have their presence in Mumbai. Mumbai has attracted significant
 investments from datacentre operators because the city is connected to 12 submarine
 network cables, which connects the city with rest of the world.

 Mumbai is the financial and commercial capital of India and is the headquarters for
 several global and local organizations including major banks. As of Sep-2020, there
 were at-least 20 operational outsourced datacentres in Mumbai which supported a total
 of over 250 MW of power capacity.

24
     Sources: Maharashtra Tax & Incentives Data Centre, Wheebox India Skill Report 2019, Mumbai Climate AccuWeather, Arizton
39                                                                     INDIA- THE NEXT DATACENTRE HUB

     Major Site Section Criteria                            Description

                                   Seismic Zone III: Low-moderate impact from earthquake
      Environmental                Floods: Moderate to high impact through monsoon
      Hazards                      floods    (June-October), resulting  in   power
                                   outages/fluctuations

                                   High Temperature (2019): 40 Degree Celsius
      Climatic
                                   Low Temperature (2019): 13 Degree Celsius
      Conditions
                                   Water Shortage: Moderate to High

                                   Increased government support for hyper-scale facility
                                   development with over 100 MW power capacity
      Power Availability           through incentives for establishing datacentre park.
      & Cost
                                   Power Cost: From $0.08 to $0.13 per kWh per month

                                   Datacentre developers/operators involved in the
                                   building of integrated datacentre parks with minimum
                                   investment of $200 million can obtain incentives in terms
      Tax Incentives               of stamp duties and VAT refunds. The exemption on
                                   electricity duty is provided as per the state’s IT policy
                                   2015

                                   Maharashtra Industrial Development Corporation
                                   (MIDC) had allocated 600 acres of land for datacentre
      Land Availability            development near Taloja Industrial Estate, Navi Mumbai,
      & Costs                      Maharashtra, India in 2019. Land Cost: $20–$35 per
                                   square feet

                                   Navi Mumbai is a targeted location for datacentre
                                   development. The estimated distance from Navi Mumbai
      Transport and                to Mumbai International Airport and Mumbai Railway
      Accessibility                Station is 30–40 kilometers
                                   Upcoming: Navi Mumbai Airport (~10 kilometer) from
                                   datacentres

                                   Skilled Workforce: Moderate to High
      Skilled Workforce            Ranked fifth in employability, according to Wheebox
                                   India Skill Report 2019
40                                                                                          INDIA- THE NEXT DATACENTRE HUB

      Internet                                    DE-CIX, National Internet Exchange (NIXI), Extreme
      Exchanges                                   Internet Exchange (Extreme IX)

                  Chennai (Tamil Nadu)25

Chennai’s connectivity to Asian countries through the seven submarine cables is a major
factor attracting datacentre investments, making it a preferred disaster recovery location
among customers.

During 1H2020, the Tamil Nadu government signed a MoU with Yotta Infrastructure
Solutions, Princeton Digital Group, HDCI Data Center, ST Telemedia Global Data
Centres, and Adani Group, for over $1 billion datacentre investment in Chennai. As of
Sep-2020, at-least seven operational outsourced datacentres in Chennai supported a
total of over 50 MW of power capacities.

     Major Site Section Criteria                                                  Description
                                                  Seismic Zone III: Low impact from earthquakes

                                                  Floods: Moderate to high impact through monsoon
      Environmental                               floods   (October–December),        resulting power
                                                  outages/fluctuations and affecting commute
      Hazards
                                                  Natural Disasters: Tsunami (2004) and Chennai Floods
                                                  (2015)

                                                  High Temperature: 43 Degree Celsius
      Climatic
                                                  Low Temperature: 21 Degree Celsius
      Conditions
                                                  Water Shortage: High Risk

                                                  Government support for datacentre development based
                                                  on IT/ITeS policy with minimum threshold in investment
      Power Availability                          amount
      & Cost
                                                  Power Cost: From $0.09 to $0.12 per kWh per month

 Sources: Wheebox India Skill Report 2019, Chennai Climate AccuWeather, Arizton
25
41                                                                                    INDIA- THE NEXT DATACENTRE HUB

                                                  In 2020, the state government extended its support to
     Land Availability                            facilitate datacentre development through allocation
     & Costs                                      of land and increase in power capacities in Chennai.
                                                  Land Cost: $20–$35 per square feet

                                                  Hyper-scale datacentres deployment outside the central
                                                  city of Chennai are being developed in locations such
     Transport &                                  as Oragadam and Sriperumbudur, apart from existing
                                                  datacentres in the city centre.
     Accessibility                                Distance from these datacentres to Chennai International
                                                  Airport: Approx. 40 Km and Chennai Railway Station:
                                                  approx. 60 Km Nearest City: Bangalore (~350 Km)

                                                  Skilled Workforce: Moderate to High
     Skilled Workforce                            Ranked second for employability, according to
                                                  Wheebox India Skill Report 2019

     Internet Exchanges                           DE-CIX, National Internet Exchange (NIXI), Extreme
                                                  Internet Exchange (Extreme IX)

                  Bengaluru (Karnataka)26

Availability of skilled workforce and strong network connectivity to Chennai and
Hyderabad are the major factors supporting the growth of datacentres in Bangalore.

The market has witnessed increase in datacentre development over the last 2–3 years
driven by demand from IT/ITeS companies based in the city. As of Sep-2020, at-least 12
operational outsourced datacentres in Bangalore supported a total of more than 60 MW
of Power Capacity.

 Sources: Wheebox India Skill Report 2019, Bangalore Climate AccuWeather, Arizton
26
42                                                                     INDIA- THE NEXT DATACENTRE HUB

     Major Site Section Criteria                           Description

      Environmental                Seismic Zone II: Low impact to earthquakes
      Hazards

                                   High Temperature (2019): 37 Degree Celsius
      Climatic
                                   Low Temperature (2019): 12 Degree Celsius
      Conditions
                                   Water Shortage: High Risk

      Power Cost                   Power Cost: From $0.08 to $0.12 per kWh per month

      Land Costs                   Land Cost: $15–$25 per square feet

                                   Operational datacentres in Bangalore are mostly located
                                   outside the city. Approximate Distance of existing
      Transport and                datacentres to Bangalore International Airport: 40–60
      Accessibility                KM and Bangalore Railway Station: 20 KM
                                   Nearest City: Chennai (~350 Kilometers)

                                   Skilled Workforce: High
      Skilled Workforce            Ranked first for employability, according to Wheebox
                                   India Skill Report 2019

      Internet Exchanges           National Internet Exchange (NIXI)
43                                                                                             INDIA- THE NEXT DATACENTRE HUB

                   Hyderabad (Telangana)27

 Hyderabad is headquarters to several global cloud service providers - AWS, Microsoft,
 and Google. In 2016, State government of Telangana introduced tax incentives for
 datacentres to attract several hyper-scale investments. AWS, a global cloud provider, has
 announced hyper-scale datacentre development in Hyderabad in November 2020. As
 of Sep-2020, at-least six operational outsourced datacentres in Hyderabad supported a
 total of over 25 MW of power capacity.

     Major Site Section Criteria                                                     Description

      Environmental                               Seismic Zone II: Low impact to earthquakes
                                                  No Impact from floods and other natural disasters
      Hazards

                                                  High Temperature (2019): 43 Degree Celsius
      Climatic
                                                  Low Temperature (2019): 18 Degree Celsius
      Conditions
                                                  Water Shortage: High Risk

                                                  Datacentre building permissions will be covered under
                                                  the single window clearance system of TS-iPASS to fast
                                                  track approvals
                                                  Datacentres will be permitted to avail renewable energy
                                                  sources under an open access system from within the
                                                  state after paying the cost component to DISCOMs as
      Tax & Other                                 fixed by the ERC (subject to a maximum of one-third of
      Incentives                                  their total power requirements)
                                                  The government will aid in obtaining approvals and
                                                  permits through a single-window for on-site renewable
                                                  energy plants
                                                  Government shall provide fuel at a price lower than the
                                                  market rates to eligible players in the Datacentres
                                                  Campus

                                                  The government will establish a network of dual power
                                                  grids to ensure uninterrupted electricity supply to
      Power Availability                          datacentre campuses
      & Cost                                      The government will provide power to eligible
                                                  datacentre projects at the cost of generation.
                                                  Power Cost: From $0.11 to $0.14 per kWh per month

 Sources: Hyderabad Climate AccuWeather, Telangana Datacentre Policy 2016, Arizton
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