How Hilti's Fastening & Protection Products contribute to construction safety - Rainer Hüttenberger Hilti Cooperation, Oct 2007
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How Hilti`s Fastening & Protection Products
contribute to construction safety
Rainer Hüttenberger
Hilti Cooperation, Oct 2007
www.hilti.com Lisbon_Nov_2007.ppt | DL 1
1
Anchoring: Boston Tunnel Failure – Big Dig
Diagonal
Vertical
rods
rods
Support
The Application beams
www.hilti.com Lisbon_Nov_2007.ppt | DL 2
2
Anchoring: Boston Tunnel Failure–Collapse Sequence
Anchor deformation
Source: Mass. State Police
www.hilti.com Lisbon_Nov_2007.ppt | DL 3
3
Anchor Creep Testing in the Laboratory
Anchors loaded at 4000 pounds
0.30
0.28
0.26
0.24
0.22
Displacement (inch)
0.20
0.18 lb
s
0 92 lb
s
0.16 -4 01
4
#9 -4
0.14 #1
0
0.12
0.10
0.08
0.06
0.04
0.02 #7 - 4080 lbs
#8 - 4081 lbs
0.00
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
Figure courtesy
Time (Days) of FHWA TFHRC
www.hilti.com Lisbon_Nov_2007.ppt | DL 4
4
Fire: Madrid Feb 2005 Windsor-Building
The fire started about 11.30 p.m. on
Saturday night on the 21st floor of the
Windsor Tower, which was undergoing
renovations, but would likely have been
empty anyway on a Saturday night.
The flames consumed upper floors before
sweeping through the rest of the building.
Horizontal compartmentation by use
of fire-resisting floors
www.hilti.com Lisbon_Nov_2007.ppt | DL 5
5
…. 50% of reports describing collapse failure (GB) *)
Component
fixing failure
Unsuitable Inadequate
Materials experience
Refurbishments
and alterations
Frequency
of inspection
Lack of guidance
from original design
Causes of Failure during Causes of Failure during
constructing phase operation
)
* “The Structural Engineer” – 7 August 2007
www.hilti.com Lisbon_Nov_2007.ppt | DL 6
6
How safe is safe enough?
Source: Report 63 “Safety” Netherlands Committee for Concrete Research, 1975
Basic safety requirements for:
Structural systems: EC
Anchor systems: EOTA / ICC ES
Firestop systems National
Building Code
www.hilti.com Lisbon_Nov_2007.ppt | DL 7
7
The International context
Example: Prequalification of anchor products
Countries referring to regional approval guidelines
ETAG
Strong ETAG influence
Small ETAG influence
ICC - ES
Strong ICC-ES influence
Small ICC-ES influence
www.hilti.com Lisbon_Nov_2007.ppt | DL 8
8
Prequalification of Anchor (Approvals) : More than
“permission” to bring a product to market.
Content of Approvals (US, Europe)
Customer needs for
Anchors
anchor applications
Bring into market
Product - CE Mark
- Installation instructions
- Material Data Safety sheets
Technical
Documentat. /
Software Application & Design Information –
in ETA / ICC ES approval document
- Defines application range
Approval
- Lists performance data
Design
- Takes reference to design
Concept concept
www.hilti.com Lisbon_Nov_2007.ppt | DL 9
9
Approvals provide Safety / Quality on different levels:
Product Design, Manufacturing & Installation
Approved anchors represent high safety / quality
Anchors approved to theses criteria will show a high quality.
These products will be robust and even not sensitive to
reasonable variations which may occur in the construction
process
Approved anchors guarantee a continuous product quality
Only if continuous quality inspection of the manufacturing process by 3rd party
the approval will issued and valid. Therefore an approval is the proof of a
consistent product quality.
Proper installation of approved anchors is well defined
Approval contain explicit handling requirements. This will
prevent miss installations by users according to vague
recommendations.
www.hilti.com Lisbon_Nov_2007.ppt | DL 10
10Approvals provide transparent & consistent safety
level for all applications
Approved anchors cover all legal aspects in all member states
The use of approved anchors and by following the rules given in an European
Technical Approval will avoid any technical or legal discussion with building
authorities, owners or consultants. Basis for design.
Performance data of approved anchors are comparable
Third party approved independent technical data according to clear test procedures
allow fair comparison. There is no need for risky engineering judgment.
www.hilti.com Lisbon_Nov_2007.ppt | DL 11
11Example: Functioning in opening & closing cracks - a
prominent example in suitability testing
The ETA F5 test requires to test the performance of our anchors over 1000 load cycles
when set in a crack that is opening by 0.2 mm
www.hilti.com Lisbon_Nov_2007.ppt | DL 12
12Technically sound regulations are based on research
There is a clear & strict relation from research to
regulations and then to approvals
Research
Regulations
Approvals
Basic Document to
investigations Guidelines
prove the general
on performance for testing,
quality and
/quality / assessment
performance of an
reliability/ and design
anchor product
applications of anchors
according to the
of fastenings (e.g. ETAG,
intended use
(e.g. Stuttgart, CEN, AC`s,
(ETA, ICC ESR)
Vienna, San ACI)
Diego, ..)
www.hilti.com Lisbon_Nov_2007.ppt | DL 13
13Example: Seismic research in USA (UC San Diego)
7th
4th
Seismic
Gravity brace
support
1st
www.hilti.com Lisbon_Nov_2007.ppt | DL 14
14Measured real seismic loading on anchor
applications for non structural elements …
www.hilti.com Lisbon_Nov_2007.ppt | DL 15
15Full scale structural seismic testing –
direct fastening system
DX 76 PTR
X-ENP 19
AC43 test - load deflection curve
160
25ENP19a36s9_no12a6_18_1s4_5
140 23ENP19a36s5_no12a12_22_1s4_75
08_EDN19@36/7_#12@6_20_5
120 09_EDN19@36/7_#12@12_20_5
100
lo a d [K ip s ]
80
60
40
20
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
displacement [in]
www.hilti.com Lisbon_Nov_2007.ppt | DL 16
16…leads to qualified fastening and fire stop systems
Hilti Kwik Bolt TZ
Hilti HSL-3
Hilti HDA
Hilti Kwik Bolt 3
500
RE
IT-
ti H
Hilti HIT HY 150 Hil
USA: USA:
USA: ETAG 026
ICC ESR / AC 01 ICC ESR / AC 193
ICC ESR AC 43 (to be published)
ICC ESR / AC 58 ICC ESR / AC 308
ETAG 001: ETAG 001:
Part 1 – option 1 Part 1 – option 1
Part 5 – option 1
www.hilti.com Lisbon_Nov_2007.ppt | DL 17
17Report 63 “Safety” Netherlands Committee for Concrete Research, 1975
Summary
¾In many areas of construction business Fastening and
Protection products (anchors, pins, fire stop products)
contribute significantly to the safety of the total structure.
¾State of the Art prequalification procedures require complete
understanding (function, application) of products.
¾Sound / independent research is the basis for appropriate
prequalification methods for safety relevant products.
¾Safety assessment of structural systems requires clear and transparent
prequalification and design procedures (ETA, ICC ES, ..) of the involved products
www.hilti.com Lisbon_Nov_2007.ppt | DL 18
18Example: Comparison of published data for
Heavy duty anchors – Still some lack of
consistency
www.hilti.com Lisbon_Nov_2007.ppt | DL 19
19You can also read
