How's Life in Germany? - OECD
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How’s Life in Germany?
How’s Life in Gerrnany?
Germany’s current well-being, 2018 or latest available year
CIVIC INCOME AND
ENGAGEMENT WEALTH
Hav ing House-
Voter no say in hold House-
turnout gov ernment* income hold S80/S20
w ealth income
SOCIAL Lack of
CONNECTIONS social share ratio*
support* HOUSING
Housing
Social
affordability
inter-
actions Ov er-
crow ding
WORK-LIFE Gender rate*
gap in
BALANCE hours
Employ -
w orked*
ment rate
Time off Gender WORK AND
w age JOB QUALITY
Gender gap*
gap in Long hours
feeling in paid
safe w ork*
SAFETY
Homicides*
Life
Negativ e ex pectancy
affect Gap in life
balance* Life ex pectancy
SUBJECTIVE
satisfaction Student by education HEALTH
WELL-BEING Ex posure to
Students skills in (men)*
outdoor air Access
to green w ith science
pollution*
space low skills*
AVERAGE
KNOWLEDGE
INEQUALITY ENVIRONMENTAL
AND SKILLS
QUALITY
Note: This chart shows Germany’s relative strengths and weaknesses in well-being compared to other OECD countries. Longer bars always
indicate better outcomes (i.e. higher wellbeing), whereas shorter bars always indicate worse outcomes (lower well-being) – including for negative
indicators, marked with an *, which have been reverse-scored. Inequalities (gaps between top and bottom, differences between groups, people
falling under a deprivation threshold) are shaded with stripes, and missing data in white.
Germany’s resources for future well-being, 2018 or latest available year
Natural Capital Economic Capital Human Capital Social Capital
Educational
Greenhouse gas
Produced fixed assets attainment of Trust in others
emissions per capita
young adults …
Financial net worth of Trust in
Material footprint Premature mortality
government government
Red List Index of Labour Gender parity in
Household debt
threatened species underutilisation rate politics
Note: ❶=top-performing OECD tier, ❷=middle-performing OECD tier, ❸=bottom-performing OECD tier. ➚ indicates consistent
improvement; ↔ indicates no clear or consistent trend; ➘ indicates consistent deterioration, and “…” indicates insufficient time series to
determine trends since 2010. For methodological details, see the Reader’s Guide of How’s Life? 2020.
HOW’S LIFE? 2020 © OECD 20202
For more information
Access the complete publication, including information about the methods used to determine trends at:
https://doi.org/10.1787/9870c393-en.
Find the data used in this country profile at: http://oecd.org/statistics/Better-Life-Initiative-2020-country-
notes-data.xlsx.
Deprivations in Germany
Deprivations in selected indicators of current well-being, 2018 or latest available year
GERMANY
10% 31%
of the population live in relative would be at risk of falling into poverty if they
income poverty had to forgo 3 months of their income
10% 9%
of poor households spend more than of the population report low
40% of their income on housing costs life satisfaction
9% 21%
say they have no friends or family are not satisfied with how they
to turn to in times of need spend their time
Source: OECD (2020), How’s Life? 2020: Measuring Well-Being
Note: Relative income poverty refers to the share of people with household disposable income below 50% of the national median; financial
insecurity refers to the share of individuals who are not income poor, but whose liquid financial assets are insufficient to support them at the
level of the national relative income poverty line for at least three months; housing cost overburden refers to the share of households in the
bottom 40% of the income distribution spending more than 40% of their disposable income on housing costs; and low satisfaction with life and
with time use refer to the share of the population rating their satisfaction as 4 or lower (on a 0-10 scale).
HOW’S LIFE? 2020 © OECD 20203
Inequalities between men and women in Germany
Gender ratios (distance from parity) for selected indicators of current well-being, 2018 or latest available year
Feeling safe 0.78
Earnings 0.84
Having a say in
government
0.87
Employment rate 0.90
Adult skills (numeracy) 0.94
Perceived health 0.95
Hours worked
(paid and unpaid)
0.97
Life satisfaction 0.99
Time off 0.99
Social support 1.00
Student skills (science) 1.00
Life expectancy 1.06
Social interactions 1.10
Homicide victims 1.25
Job strain 1.36
Long-term
unemployment rate
// 1.44
Long working hours
(in paid work)
// 3.29
Deaths from suicide,
alcohol, drugs
// 3.53
Men doing better OECD average Women doing better
Note: Grey bubbles denote no clear difference between men and women, defined as gender ratios within 0.03 points distance to parity.
HOW’S LIFE? 2020 © OECD 20204
Inequalities between age groups in Germany
Age ratios (distance from parity) for selected indicators of current well-being, 2018 or latest available year
A. Younger and middle-aged people
Employment rate // 0.56
Earnings 0.64
Voter turnout 0.92
Long-term
unemployment rate
0.98
Adult skills (numeracy) 0.98
Feeling safe 0.99
Life satisfaction 1.02
Social support 1.04
Time off 1.06
Satisfaction with time
use
1.09
Having a say in
government
1.13
Social interactions 1.40
Job strain // 1.43
Long working hours
(in paid work)
// 4.65
Middle-aged people doing better OECD average Younger people doing better
B. Younger and older people
Earnings 0.62
Employment rate 0.66
Voter turnout 0.89
Satisfaction with time
use
0.90
Time off 1.04
Adult skills (numeracy) 1.04
Life satisfaction 1.05
Social support 1.07
Feeling safe 1.17
Having a say in
government
1.20
Long-term
unemployment rate
1.24
Social interactions 1.40
Job strain // 1.51
Long working hours
(in paid work)
// 4.65
Older people doing better OECD average Younger people doing better
Note: Age ranges differ according to each indicator and are only broadly comparable. They generally refer to 15-24/29 years for young people,
25/30 to 45/50 years for the middle-aged and 50 years and over for older people. See How’s Life? 2020 for further details. Grey bubbles denote
no clear difference between age groups, defined as age ratios within 0.03 points distance to parity.
HOW’S LIFE? 2020 © OECD 20205
Inequalities between people with different educational attainment in Germany
Education ratios (distance from parity) for selected indicators of current well-being, 2018 or latest available year
Job strain // 0.21
Long-term
unemployment rate
// 0.47
Earnings 0.67
Having a say in
government
0.68
Perceived health 0.86
Voter turnout 0.90
Feeling safe 0.91
Employment rate 0.93
Life satisfaction 0.95
Social support 1.00
Satisfaction with time
use
1.01
Long working hours
(in paid work)
// 1.55
People with tertiary education doing better OECD average People with upper secondary education doing better
Note: Grey bubbles denote no clear difference between groups with different educational attainment, defined as education ratios within
0.03 points distance to parity.
HOW’S LIFE? 2020 © OECD 20206
Inequalities between top and bottom performers in Germany
Vertical inequalities for selected indicators of current well-being, 2018 or latest available year
Household income of the top 20% relative to the bottom 20% Share of wealth owned by the top 10%, percentage
12 90
80
10
70
59.8
8 60
51.7
50
6 5.4
4.6 40
4 30
20
2
10
0 0
Earnings of the top 10% relative to the bottom 10%, PISA score in science of the top 10% relative to the bottom 10%
full-time employees
6 2
1.74
1.67
5
4
3.4 3.3
3 1
2
1
0 0
Life satisfaction scores of the top 20% relative to the bottom 20% Satisfaction with time use scores of the top 20%
relative to the bottom 20%
4 4
3.68
3 3 2.78
2.3
2.1
2 2
1 1
0 0
Note: For all figures, countries are ranked from left (most unequal) to right (least unequal).
HOW’S LIFE? 2020 © OECD 20207
Trends in current well-being since 2010 in Germany - I
Household income
(household net adjusted disposable income, Average
USD at 2017 PPPs*, per capita) OECD DEU
~ 28 000 ~36 000
Income and Wealth
Household wealth
Average
(median net wealth, USD at 2016 PPPs)
DEU OECD
~75 000 ~162 000
S80/S20 income share ratio
(the household income for the top 20%,
Inequality
divided by the household income for the OECD DEU
bottom 20%) 5.4 4.6
Housing affordability
(share of disposable income remaining after Average
housing costs) OECD DEU
79.2
Housing
79.8
Overcrowding rate
(share of households living in overcrowded Inequality
conditions) OECD DEU
12 6
Employment rate
(employed people aged 25-64, as a share of Average
the population of the same age) OECD DEU
76.5 81.3
Work and Job Quality
Gender wage gap
(difference between male and female median Inequality
wages expressed as a share of male wages) DEU OECD
16.2 12.9
Long hours in paid work
(share of employees usually working 50+ Inequality
OECD DEU
hours per week) 7 3.9
Life expectancy
Health
(number of years a newborn can expect to Average
live) OECD DEU
80.5 81.1
Note: The snapshot depicts data for 2018, or the latest available year, for each indicator. The colour of the circle indicates the direction of
change, relative to 2010, or the closest available year: = consistent improvement, = consistent deterioration, = no clear trend,
and white for insufficient time series to determine trends. The OECD average is marked in black. For methodological details, see the Reader’s
Guide of How’s Life? 2020. * = Purchasing Power Parity.
HOW’S LIFE? 2020 © OECD 20208
Trends in current well-being since 2010 in Germany - II
Environmental Knowledge and
Student skills in science
Skills
Average
(PISA mean scores)
OECD DEU
489 503
Quality
Exposure to outdoor air pollution
Inequality
(share of population > WHO threshold)
DEU OECD
90.3 62.8
Life satisfaction
Subjective Well-being
Average
(mean value on a 0-10 scale) DEU
OECD
7.4 7.4
Negative affect balance
(share of population reporting more negative Inequality
than positive feelings and states yesterday) OECD DEU
13 10
Homicides
Average
(per 100 000 population) DEU
OECD
2.4 0.4
Safety
Gender gap in feeling safe
(percentage difference that women feel less Inequality
safe than men when walking alone at night) OECD DEU
-16 -14.1
Time off
Work-life
Balance
(time allocated to leisure and personal care, Average
hours per day) OECD DEU
15 15.6
Social interactions
Average
Social Connections
(hours per week)
OECD DEU
6 7
Lack of social support
(share of people who report having no friends
Inequality
or relatives whom they can count on in times OECD
DEU
of trouble) 9.3 8.6
Engagement
Voter turnout
Civic
Average
(share of registered voters who cast votes)
OECD DEU
69 76
Note: See note on page 7.
HOW’S LIFE? 2020 © OECD 2020You can also read
