INDUSTRIAL MICROWAVE, ALTERNATIVE ENERGY TRANSFER - WILLEM DELEU - PROCESS ENGINEER/BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT - BIOBOOST
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Industrial MicroWave, alternative energy transfer…
Willem Deleu - Process Engineer/Business development
Willem.Deleu@meam.be
MICROWAVE ENERGY APPLICATIONS MANAGEMENT
Microwave History
COLD AIR
2th generation
3th generation
1st generation
Transformer &
magnetron
HOT
MW
AIR
HOT & MOIST AIR
6/18/2018 www.meam.be-Copyright of MEAM bvba 2
Microwave hybrid principle
Magnetron converts electrical energy into electromagnetic energy (µ~) and heat
Very
efficient!
± 20% of this heat can be recovered by heat
recuperation after the process step
6/18/2018 www.meam.be-Copyright of MEAM bvba 3
knowledge - microwave basics
MICROWAVE
• dielectric properties
• penetration depth
• mono/multi mode AMBIENT CONDITIONS
HEAT TRANSFER • environment gas
• conduction (air, nitrogen, oxygen)
• convection • pressure
• radiation • (vacuum, 1 bar, high pressure)
MW HEATING
PROCESS
CHEMICAL REACTIONs
MASS TRANSFER • exothermic reaction
• evaporation • endothermic reaction
A microwave heating process is very complex.
Depending on the application, one or few factors can be neglected to simplify the calculation.
6/18/2018 www.meam.be-Copyright of MEAM bvba 4
Microwave principle
• Microwaves = electromagnetic radiation
≠ ionizing radiation (!)
• Safety concerns: radiation < 5 mW/cm²
(@ 5cm) for 2,45 GHz ovens
6/18/2018 www.meam.be-Copyright of MEAM bvba 5
Microwave principle
Classical Heating Microwave Heating
External source The material is the source
Limited energy transfer, slow Energy transfer very quick
T material, A source (2nd power dim) T material, V material (3rd power dim)
Efficiency 20-40% Efficiency 80-100%
Loss ~ A material Loss ~ A material
Tproduct = Tdesired ( no crust formation )
Tcore ≤ Tdesired
Microwave Pasteurization & Sterilization
• Temperatures indicated wih full lines
• F0-values (sterility) with dotted lines
• Bacterial F0-values with equal product
conditions are faster achieved with
microwave heating
• Conventional heating comes with more
losses of nutritional value.
• nutritional waste!
Quality parameters for microwave and conventional heating
compared using computed values for typical heating situations
(Datta and Hu 1992). F0 represents the accumulated lethality
6/18/2018 www.meam.be-Copyright of MEAM bvba 7
Modern Industrial applications
Pharmaceutical industry
Microwave vacuum dryer
Start combination of different drying techniques
Faster drying @ lower temperatures
Better product quality
Less product losses
1 m³ cavity with 24 kW (4 x 6 kW)
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Modern Industrial applications
Food industry
Microwave temperer Microwave pasteurization & sterilization
Full-continuous in-line MW pasteurization process
e.g. Top’s Food (Belgium): 13 mln/year
The meals are already packed
9
MW transparant materials: PP, EVOH, CPET…
Modern Industrial applications
Feed industry
Microwave powder drying
Fluidised bed, sieved fraction
No agitation during drying process
= less particle fragmentation
1250 kg/h output (12-18 w% → 5 w%)
Surface 16 x 2,5 = 40 m² with 12 x 1,4 = 20 m²(!)
Continuous operation & high degree of automation
E.g. in-line measurement of product temperature and humidity
6/18/2018 10 microwave, unsieved fractionIndustrial applications for µ-wave
(In)organic and (bio)waste industry
Microwave slurry drying
Microwave filter drying
100-600 kg/h (< 1 w%)
Full PLC-automation
32 kW (16 x 2 kW)
12°C 12% DS| 54°C 16% DS | 72°C 31% DS | 72°C 60% DS | 72°C 86% DS | 75°C 95% DS | 88°C 100% DS
11innovation – products and processes
(In)organic and (bio)waste industry
Microwave slurry drying
56% mass reduction
Total amount of sludge mass to be treated for 1 ton DM
20
=
56% less mass transport!
18 Microwave hybrid technology
16
3
14
sludge mass (ton)
12
10 2
8
6
1
4
2
0 0
Initial After thickening After dewatering After drying After dewatering After drying
dry matter cellular water capillary water free water dry matter cellular water
6/18/2018 www.meam.be 12MEAM test centre:
MEAM BOX 12
(Herk-de-Stad)
MEAM BOX 24
MEAM LAB 2 MEAM HEAT 32 MEAM DRY 46/18/2018 14
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