LA MÉTABOLOMIQUE 20 ANS DÉJÀ - Dominique Rolin Université de Bordeaux - INRA - Université de Lille

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LA MÉTABOLOMIQUE 20 ANS DÉJÀ - Dominique Rolin Université de Bordeaux - INRA - Université de Lille
LA MÉTABOLOMIQUE
                  20 ANS DÉJÀ….

                      Dominique Rolin
                Université de Bordeaux - INRA

                            Lille 15 octobre 2019
ANR-INBS-0010
LA MÉTABOLOMIQUE 20 ANS DÉJÀ - Dominique Rolin Université de Bordeaux - INRA - Université de Lille
Menu du jour

➡ Métabolomique versus lipidomique et fluxomique

➡ Une approche analytique
   • récente
   • adaptée aux enjeux de la biologie du XXI° siècle
   • à haut débit et à haute densité
   • avec un workflow complexe

➡ Enjeux et défis de la métabolomique
   • Quels étaient les enjeux au début des années 2000 ?
   • Bilan de ces 20 années
   • Que reste-t-il à faire ?

                            MetaboHUB
LA MÉTABOLOMIQUE 20 ANS DÉJÀ - Dominique Rolin Université de Bordeaux - INRA - Université de Lille
Metabolomics versus lipidomics and
           fluxomics
LA MÉTABOLOMIQUE 20 ANS DÉJÀ - Dominique Rolin Université de Bordeaux - INRA - Université de Lille
Life sciences: Facing waves                                        Synthetic
                                                                                      biology
                  of technological revolutions
                                                                            System
                                                                            biology

                                                                       Integrative
                                                                         biology

   Life                                Molecular     Sequencing   Functionnal
                        Cell Biology
observation                             Biology       genome       genomics

  XVII°        XVIII°   XIX°             XX°                         XXI°       Century

              No science without progress in technology
              No progress in technology without science
                                         MetaboHUB                                    4
LA MÉTABOLOMIQUE 20 ANS DÉJÀ - Dominique Rolin Université de Bordeaux - INRA - Université de Lille
Metabolomics versus Fluxomics
    Metabolomics & Fluxomics are 2 technological TOOLS to carry out Life Science

        Metabolomics                                           Fluxomics
                                  Metabolic network
                                     Metabolism
     Metabolite identification                            Dynamic analysis of
     & quantification                                      metabolic fluxes

                                                             Flux quantification

        Fingerprinting M
        Profiling M.

                                                          Movie: at which speed
     Pictures: which cars are         Traffic on             drive the cars
       driving on the roads         road network

                                          MetaboHUB
Metabolomics & Fluxomics are more complicated than a simple biochemical analysis ?
LA MÉTABOLOMIQUE 20 ANS DÉJÀ - Dominique Rolin Université de Bordeaux - INRA - Université de Lille
The functional genomics and the
            OMICS tool world ?
                 Molecule diversity

     MetaboHUB
LA MÉTABOLOMIQUE 20 ANS DÉJÀ - Dominique Rolin Université de Bordeaux - INRA - Université de Lille
What do we mean by
                                  metabolomics and metabolome ?
Metabolome (lipidome):
all small molecules named polar metabolites
(apolar metabolites) occurring in a biological
system.

Fluxome:
All quantified metabolite fluxes occurring
in a biological system.

Metabolomics (lipidomics):
Tools and strategy for determination of metabolite levels occurring in a biological
system and their changes over time as a consequence of stimuli

Fluxomics:
Tools and strategy for determination of metabolite fluxes occurring in a biological
system and their changes over time as a consequence of stimuli

                                            MetaboHUB
LA MÉTABOLOMIQUE 20 ANS DÉJÀ - Dominique Rolin Université de Bordeaux - INRA - Université de Lille
Monarch butterfly : one genome but at
 least 3 proteome and 3 metabolome

          MetaboHUB
LA MÉTABOLOMIQUE 20 ANS DÉJÀ - Dominique Rolin Université de Bordeaux - INRA - Université de Lille
The multi-OMICS family and their biological significations

                               • ce qui peut arriver

                               • ce qui semble se
                               passer
                               • ce qui fait que ça
                               arrive
                               • ce qui s'est passé et
                                ce qui se passe

                         MetaboHUB
LA MÉTABOLOMIQUE 20 ANS DÉJÀ - Dominique Rolin Université de Bordeaux - INRA - Université de Lille
Flux maps provide more real informations
             Same pools of metabolites but different metabolic flux

                   Metabolomics

100                                                 100
            40                                                    20

                     40                                                20
 60                                                 80
            10                                                    5

 60                                                 75
            60            40                                    75          30

                    20                                                 45

      20                                                   45
                           20                                                45
Fluxomics                 Condition 1               Condition 2
                                        MetaboHUB
Une approche analytique récente
« Metabolome » terme first
                          appeared in 1998

                 Trends Biotechnol. 16, 373–378 ( 1998).
The Metabolome

                                  Steven G. Oliver
                   MetaboHUB
25471 publications depuis 2000
Web of Science DB du 29/09/19 interrogée sur la période 1956-2019

       Web of science DB:
        Metabolomics

                             MetaboHUB
Plus de 185 domaines d’application de la métabolomique
     Les 25 domaines qui publient le plus en métabolomique sur la période 2001-2019

                                         MetaboHUB
Les 10 publications les plus citées
                                                                       entre 2001 et 2005
  Total     Year   Title                                  Authors                                Source Title
Citations
                                                                                                   PLANT
                   Metabolomics - the link between
 2079       2002
                   genotypes and phenotypes
                                                          Fiehn, O                Strategy       MOLECULAR
                                                                                                  BIOLOGY

                   A functional genomics strategy that
                                                                                                   NATURE
  732       2001   uses metabolome data to reveal the     Raamsdonk et al.        Strategy     BIOTECHNOLOGY
                      phenotype of silent mutations

                     Plant metabolomics: large-scale
  632       2003     phytochemistry in the functional     Sumner, LW et al.       Strategy     PHYTOCHEMISTRY
                             genomics era

                   Metabolomics by numbers: acquiring
                                                                                                  TRENDS IN
  753       2004   and understanding global metabolite Goodacre, R et al.         Strategy     BIOTECHNOLOGY
                                  data

                                                                                                 THERAPEUTIC
                   METLIN - A metabolite mass
 1079       2005
                   spectral database
                                                          Smith, CA et al.        Data base         DRUG
                                                                                                 MONITORING

                   GMD@CSB.DB: the Golm
  750       2005
                   Metabolome Database
                                                          Kopka,J et al.          Data base    BIOINFORMATICS

                   The Orbitrap: a new mass                                                    JOURNAL OF MASS
  734       2005
                   spectrometer
                                                          Hu, QZ; et al          Equipment      SPECTROMETRY

                   Quantitative metabolome analysis                                              JOURNAL OF
  588       2003   using capillary electrophoresis mass   Soga, T; et al.        Equipment        PROTEOME
                   spectrometry                                                                   RESEARCH

                                                                                               TRAC-TRENDS IN
                   Metabolomics: Current analytical
  626       2005
                   platforms and methodologies
                                                          Dunn, WB; Ellis, DI    Methodology     ANALYTICAL
                                                                                                 CHEMISTRY

                   Mitochondrial dysfunction in
                   schizophrenia: evidence for            Prabakaran, S; et                      MOLECULAR
  624       2004
                   compromised brain metabolism and       al.                     Science        PSYCHIATRY
                   oxidative stress                                  MetaboHUB
Les 10 publications les plus citées entre
                                         2001 et 2019 (25471 publications)
  Total
            Year   Title                                  Authors                         Source Title
Citations

                   HMDB 3.0-The Human                 Wishart, David S.                  NUCLEIC ACIDS
 1608       2013
                   Metabolome Database in 2013             et al.          Data base       RESEARCH

                   HMDB: the human metabolome         Wishart, David S.                  NUCLEIC ACIDS
 1394       2007
                   database                                et al.          Data base       RESEARCH

                   HMDB: a knowledgebase for the       Wishart, David                    NUCLEIC ACIDS
 1095       2009
                   human metabolome                        et al.          Data base       RESEARCH

                                                                                         THERAPEUTIC
                   METLIN - A metabolite mass
 1079       2005
                   spectral database
                                                      Smith, CA et al.     Data base        DRUG
                                                                                         MONITORING

                                                       Xia, Jianguo; S
                   MetaboAnalyst 3.0-making                                              NUCLEIC ACIDS
 1368       2015
                   metabolomics more meaningful
                                                       et al. (Wishart,   Methodology      RESEARCH
                                                            David)

                   Proposed minimum reporting          Sumner, Lloyd
 1209       2007                                                                        METABOLOMICS
                   standards for chemical analysis       W. et al.        Methodology
                                                                                            PLANT
                   Metabolomics - the link between
 2079       2002
                   genotypes and phenotypes
                                                          Fiehn, O         Strategy       MOLECULAR
                                                                                           BIOLOGY

                   Metabolite profiling for plant                                           NATURE
 1314       2000
                   functional genomics
                                                       Fiehn, O; et al.    Strategy     BIOTECHNOLOGY

                   Gut flora metabolism of
 1811       2011   phosphatidylcholine promotes         Wang, et al.        Science         NATURE
                   cardiovascular disease

                   Metabolite profiles and the risk    Wang, Thomas
 1333       2011
                   of developing diabetes                J.; et al.
                                                          MetaboHUB
                                                                            Science     NATURE MEDICINE
Une approche analytique adaptée
aux enjeux de la biologie du XXI°
             siècle
XXI century: new biology
The National Institutes of Health                 The National Research Council’s
The National Science Foundation                        Board on Life Science
The Department of Energy                                   (2008-2009)

                             Report
                A New Biology for the 21st Century
                   http://www.nap.edu/catalog/12764.html

 1- to examine the current state of biological research in the United States
 2- recommend how best to capitalize on recent technological and scientific advances

Human Health             Food Science               Energy        Environment

                                      MetaboHUB
XXI century: new biology

 Interconnected problems
          need
 Interconnected solutions

            The challenge cannot be met
                     in isolation

                   Metabolomics needs all
                   these scientific domains

MetaboHUB
Une approche analytique avec des
     technologies diverses
 à haut débit et à haute densité
Where are the Challenges ?

         MetaboHUB
Une diversité de technologie pour
                      identifier et quantifier les molécules
Spectrométrie de masse: une technique de choix couplée ou non
à la chromatographie gazeuse ou liquide

                              RESOLUTION
    Faible           Moyenne                Haute                    Ultra-haute

Quantité d’information, durée de traitement   de l’information, moyens de stockage
                                       MetaboHUB
Profils                 Empreintes

                      X
                                     métabolomiques            métabolomiques
                     Analyse

-
                      ciblée

Moyens
d’obtenir
                                                                                    +
     Quantité d’information, durée de traitement de l’information, moyens de stockage

l’information

Moyens pour
stocker
l’information

Moyens pour
traiter
l’information
                                              MetaboHUB
Faire la différence entre la
                              Métabolomique à haute densité
                                               –
                              la Métabolomique à haut débit
Métabolomique à haute
       densité
 Nombre de
 métabolites            FT-ICR-MS

 détectés               Orbitrap

                        LC - MS non targeted

                          GC - MS

                                   RMN

                                         LC - MS targeted
                                                         Enzymatic M.

                                                      Nombre d’échantillons
                                         MetaboHUB   Métabolomique à haut débit
Une approche analytique avec un
      workflow complexe
Une démarche commune avec de
                          très très nombreuses options

Information initiale                           Information analysable
                                          Intensité des ions au sein des échantillons

                              MetaboHUB
Context: Metabolomics & Fluxomics
                              Multidisciplinary approaches

 Biological questions

                 Experimental
                    Design

                                       Sampling acquisition

Numerous worflows for data analysis

          Metadata
       acquisition in DB                                                Analytical
                               Sample preparation                         tools

                                                          Numerous analytical methods
                                            27            Metabolomics fingerprints or
                                                                  profilings
Context: Metabolomics & Fluxomics
                                                                                              Multidisciplinary approaches

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         Interpretation

                                                                                                                                                                                                                       Identification

                                                                                            Statistical analysis
     ID    RetTime    Mass    Significance sample 1 sample 2
 70.1@1.2   1.2228    70.0695       0.0023   2.2385   1.8719
 72.1@1.4   1.4379    72.0796       0.0106   9.4194   6.9449
 80.9@0.9   0.9096    80.9474       0.0144 11.8372    8.0128
   81@1     1.0163    80.9533       0.0006   0.3338   0.1262
  83@0.9    0.9206    82.9588       0.0044   4.1611   3.3217
 84.9@0.8    0.818    84.9451       0.0924 60.7749 32.0214
 86.1@1.9
 86.1@3.7
  91@0.9
            1.8814
            3.7238
            0.9038
                      86.0886
                      86.0925
                      90.9733
                                       Data extraction &
                                    0.0142 13.3605 13.2928
                                    0.0363 29.7443 20.0236
                                      0.007  6.3339   4.7593

                                        normalisation
 96.9@0.9   0.9312    96.9269       0.0027   2.0042   1.2272
100.1@4.3   4.3137   100.0674       0.0264 25.1952 20.3527
100.1@4.5   4.5163    100.069       0.0139   6.1492   1.4764
100.1@4.2   4.2209   100.0691       0.0387 12.1114 22.6781
100.1@19.5 19.4586
100.1@21.6 21.5638
                     100.0751
                     100.0759
                                      0.011
                                    0.0035
                                             0.4926
                                             1.3987
                                                      3.9759
                                                      2.2989                                                                                                                                                                   Need to visualise metabolic networks
       RAW conversion                                  T1_220909_101109AFAMM 375 (11.814) Cm (280:402)
                                                       100
                                                                                                                            289.2036
                                                                                                                             33362                                                     465.2295
                                                                                                                                                                                        32595
                                                                                                                                                                                                   1: TOF MS ES+
                                                                                                                                                                                                           3.34e4
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   to solve biological questions
                                                                                                                                                          363.2011
                                                                                                                                                           23490
                                                                                                                                        301.2049
                                                                                                                                         21124

                                                                                                                                         317.2080
                                                                                                                                          17148
                                                        %

                                                                                                                                               335.2192
                                                                                                                                                13449

                                                              79.0247

                                                                                                                                                                                                                         Urgent needs for DB to store reference spectra
                                                               5850                                                                                                  393.2261
                                                                                                                  255.1689 271.1941                                    5939                        466.2465
                                                                                                                    4556     5124                                                                    4619

   Analytical methods
                                                                               159.0724    181.1131            253.1821
                                                                    111.0227     1498        2203                3009                                                    394.2391     431.2523     467.2661
                                                                      1052                                                                                                 807          493          773 492.3099
                                                                                                            230.0992;787                                                                                     9
                                                         0                                                                                                                                                       m/z
                                                             80    100   120   140   160    180       200   220    240     260   280   300   320    340    360   380     400    420    440   460     480      500
une démarche commune avec de
                            trés nombreuses options
                                          Question
                                                               Acquisition
 Question          Question de l’        préparation
                                                                Profil ou
biologique        échantillonnage            des
                                                               empreintes
                                         échantillons

Traitement
                                           Sélection            recherche
    des            Analyses                   des            formules brutes
 données          statistiques              signaux          correspondantes
  brutes

                                      Integration des
Elucidation       Validation et                               Interprétation
                                     métabolites dans
structurale       suivi des bio                                 biologique
                                        les réseaux
des signaux        marqueurs
                                       métaboliques

         Traitement des échantillons, besoin d’équipements

         Traitement l’information, besoin de serveurs, de soft, de base de
         données, de stockage MetaboHUB
Metabolite                     Metabolic
       Lipidomics and
                                 identification and           fingerprinting high
       the lipid world
                                   quantification                   density

              Sample
            preparation                                                            Data
                                                                                integration
        Sampling
                                                                                data mining
       acquisition                        Infrared
                                         technology                Data
   What is the                                                   reduction
Biology question

           INFORMATICS
                                        Analytical
                            Pipetting
      BEFORE                 Robots       Tools       GC-MS
                                                                               AFTER
                                        Expertises

                                                  NMR
 Experimental                      LC-MS
                                                                   Statistic
    Design                                                         analysis
           Acquisition of
             Metadata                                                   Network analysis
            in database                                                  and modeling

                     Metabolomic flux          Using stable isotopes for
                      quantification                 metabolomics

 Metabolomics and fluxomics much more complicated than a simple metabolite analysis
A real need to exchange and
    Other
                                                     communicate
    NMR
                        Which                     Where can I found
                       Analytical            these needed analytical tools ?
    GC-MS
                        tools ?
   LC-MS                                             What do you mean
                                                  by experimental design ?

     Where can I found a                           Where and how can I
   chemist or biochemist ?                         store my data (big) ?

Which statistical tools or
 softwares can I use ?                                   What do you mean
                                                          by metadata ?
                      Biologists face to metabolomics

               How can I integrate and visualise my data in
                        the metabolic network ?
                                      MetaboHUB
A need to exchange and
     Other
                                          communicate between experts
     NMR
                              LC-MS                           Where can I found
                             Which                           GC-MS
                            Specialists
     GC-MS                 Analytical                    the needed analytical tools ?
                                                           Specialists
                            tools ?
            NMR
    LC-MSSpecialists                                           What do you mean
                                                                          Computer
                                                            By experimentalSpecialists
                                                                            design ?

Biochemist          Platform Concept
        Where can I found a
Specialists                Psychologist Where and how can I
    chemist or biochemist ? to share     store myBiology
                                                    data ?
                                                Specialists
                         information
Which statistical tools or
    Chemist
  Specialists can I use ? Biologist face to metabolomics What do you mean
 softwares
                                                          by metadata ?
                                                         Metabolism
                                  How can I integrate                Specialists
                Biostatistician
                  Specialists     my data in the meta-
                                           Modelling
                                           Specialists?
                                    bolic network
                                             MetaboHUB
Enjeux et défis de la métabolomique
Quels étaient les besoins au début des années
                     2000
                 Bilan de l’actif
Les besoins et les défis technologiques,
  Question                      computationnels et humains sont
  biologique                             presque infinis
                                             Traitements                  Organiser les
 Echantillons          Equipements
                                             des données                   échanges
• Questions         Masse                 • Standardisation               • développement
  biologiques       • + de résolution        (workflow, format des          des plateformes
• Dépendant du      • + de sensibilité       fichiers, protocoles, etc)   • besoin de
  domaine           • + de répétabilité   • Bases de données                structurer les
• Cohorte de plus   • + rapide            • Interoperabilité                échanges à
  de 100 -10000     • + automatisation    • Identifier les molécules        l’échelle régionale,
  échantillons      • + robuste           • Extraire l’information          nationale et
• Automatisation    • - cher + cher          biologique (statistiques)      européenne
• Procédures        • etc                 • Développer des                • développer
  d'extraction      ORBITRAP                 solutions softs                l’enseignement
• Standardisation                         • La question du stockage         universitaire
• MetaData          RMN                      des données (brutes,         • développer les
• etc.              • + de sensibilité       nettoyées, etc.)               formations
                    • etc.                • + automatisation                spécialisées
                                          •MetaboHUB
                                             + serveurs, icloud
Two initiatives to promote
                                              metabolomics & fluxomics

                              MetaboHUB
                      a French governmental initiative
  aimed to set up a French Infrastructure devoted to the M & F in France

Top down
initiative
                                                               2013

Bottom up                                                      2005
 initiative
      French-speaking Network for Metabolomics and Fluxomics
    This is a "bottom up" initiative aimed at facilitating and promoting
                     sustainable development of the M &F in France

                                  MetaboHUB
Two initiatives to promote
                                             metabolomics & fluxomics

French-speaking Metabolomics and Fluxomics network
Created in 2005, affiliated to metabolomics society since 2013
Currently ≈300 members
Aims:
∗ to make an inventory and promote French skills in the fields of metabolomics and
   fluxomics
∗ to provide and support scientific meetings or workshops in metabolomics and
   fluxomics
∗ to facilitate knowledge transfer to students and newcomers in the field and help
   students to promote their work
■                                     MetaboHUB
MetaboHUB impacts (2013-2017)

          Why not a MétaNORD ??

     French-speaking Network                              Networking and structuring
        on Metabolomics &
            Fluxomics                                         French community

                                                                       First contact

      Les Lipidomystes:                                                            Identified PF

     • French cluster working on lipidomics

                                                                                       In progress

                                                              MTH platforms in France

37
                                              MetaboHUB
French National Infrastructure
                                        in Biology and Health (2013-2025)
Distributed & coordinated infrastructure for metabolomics &
fluxomics devoted to innovation, training and technology transfer
     MetaboHUB v1: 4 platforms
                                                           HR in full-time permanents
        Nantes-Rennes Saclay-Paris

                     Clermont-Ferrand

                     Bordeaux

                     Toulouse

    MetaboHUB v2 (in 2020):
    Corsaire PF
    2 universities
    + 1 National Engineer School

                                                               5 National institutes
                                                                  4 Universities

                                               MetaboHUB
MetaboHUB activities

1       Technology: Developing generic tools, analytical and computer solutions

    2       Sciences: Proof of concept projects (Health, Plants, Biotechnology)

        3     Training and teaching M & F

        4      Web portal for national access to MetaboHUB services

        5     Technology transfer to French community

    6        Structuring French community through networking

7   Strengthening French position within European community

                                            MetaboHUB
A multilayered success

 Development of 4 online reference platforms
  Workflow4Metabolomics.org data analysis in Galaxy (Giacomoni et al. 2015; Guitton et al. 2017)
  à in collaboration with IFB (French Institute of Bioinformatics)
  NMRProcFlow.org interactive data processing (Jacob et al. 2017)
  PeakForest.org database for metabolite identification (Damont et al. 2019)
  MetExplore network analysis (Cottret et al. 2018)

World-wide use by academia and industry
 RHU cohort projects (e.g. CHOPIN ANR-16-RHUS-0007, Bioart Lung ANR-15-RHUS-0002-07, QUID
 ANR-17-RHUS-0009)
 Collaboration with MedDay pharmaceuticals
 « Bring Your Own Data » annual courses
 Interoperability with the European Science Cloud (PHENOMENAL H2020 project)

Integrated offer at the national level
   • Joint proteomics and metabolomics data analysis pipeline developed with ProFI, IFB, PHENOMIN
      and France Génomique for systems phenotyping (ProMetIS project)

                                                   MetaboHUB
MetaboHUB outputs
     Science
     •Proof of concept projects (Biotech., Health, Plants, etc.)                     (2013-2018)
     Aim: Deep phenotyping tools for analyzing large epidemiological cohorts

                                                               Services for future collaborative projects with cohorts
                                                                   ➢   Identify specific signatures of diseases
                                                                   ➢   Characterize the phenotypic spectrum of pathologies
                                                                   ➢   New tools for patient stratification

          • Proof-of-concept project on Metabolic Syndrome
          Nutrition, Geriatrics, Aging, Epidemiology

          • Project on the development of immune-related
          disorder. Early life nutrition, allergy

          • E.U. project on microbiome based treatments
          for liver diseases (Personalized medicine)

          • Implementation within a European COST Action.
          Open Multiscale System Medicine CA15120

41
                                                                        MetaboHUB
MetaboHUB outputs:
         National & international training                                                   (2013-2018)
         •Training in-house: on the platforms
         •Training out: workshops, webinar,

                                                                        National & international teaching
                                                                        •University in France & all around the world
                                                                        •MOOC on metabolomics (in French)
                                                                        •Open courses (in English)
Training          Total
In-house          Trainees

                                                                                       •3066 registered in 77 countries (63% in France, 7%
Masters           202                                                   MOOC            in Morocco)
PhD’s             254        Training        Total                                     •602 participated in evaluated activities (quizzes,
                                             Trainees (National +
Post Doc          45         Out             International trainings)                   weekly evaluations, peer reviews)
                                                                                       •214 participants were awarded the certificate of
Invited                      W4M        295 (8+5)                                       success
                  51
scientists                   MetExplore 514 (12+ 18)
Others            40
                             Lipidomics      384 (8)
Total                                                                        Two open courses: usemetabo.org
                  592        Total
trainees                                     1193 (28+ 23)
                             trainees

                             NMRProc         3726 web users
                             Flow            6882 web sessions

42
                                                                         MetaboHUB
MetaboHUB outputs:
     Service
                                                                                              (2013-2018)
     • a unique web portal for national access to MetaboHUB
       services (MTH Analyses Manager: MAMA)
     • For academic communities and private compagnies

                                                                                        MetaboHUB contribution to science :
                                                                                              Publications at high IF

                                                                                        1. Lenarčič T. et al. (2017) Eudicot plant-specific sphingolipids determine
                                                                                       host selecevity of microbial NLP cytolysins. Science
                                                                                        2. Asiliauskaite-Brooks, I. et al. (2018). Structure of a human
                                                                                       intramembrane ceramidase explains enzymaec dysfunceon found in
                                                                                       leukodystrophy. Nature Communicaoons
                                                                                        3. Perez-Berezo, T. et al. (2017). Ideneficaeon of an analgesic lipopepede
                                                                                       produced by the probioec Escherichia coli strain Nissle 1917. Nature
                                                                                       Communicaoons
                                                          Service                       4. Clària J, Moreau R, Fenaille F et al. Orchestraeon of Tryptophan-
                                                         contracts   Publications      Kynurenine Pathway, Acute Decompensaeon, and Acute-on-Chronic Liver
                                                                                       Failure in Cirrhosis. Hepatology. 2019
                                                  2013                                  5. Despres, C. et al. (2017). Ideneficaeon of the Tau phosphorylaeon
                                                            267          99
                                                                                       pajern that drives its aggregaeon. Proceedings of the Naoonal Academy
                                                                                       of Sciences of the United States of America
                                                  2014     407           113            6. Tabet, R. et al. (2016). Fragile X Mental Retardaeon Protein (FMRP)
                                                                                       controls diacylglycerol kinase acevity in neurons. Proceedings of the
                                                  2015      330          98            Naoonal Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
                                                                                        7. Liu, R. et al. (2015). A DEMETER-like DNA demethylase governs tomato
                                                  2016      247          82            fruit ripening. Proceedings of the Naoonal Academy of Sciences of the
                                                                                       United States of America
                                                  2017      320                         8. Cojret L. et al. (2018). MetExplore: collaboraeve edieon and
                                                                         104
                                                                                       exploraeon of metabolic networks. Nucleic Acids Research
                                                  2018     390           129
                                                  TOT
                                                  AL
                                                           1961          625
43
                                                                          MetaboHUB
Quels sont les défis technologiques
 et computationnels dans un futur
              proche?
Where are the M&F issues for the
                                                               next 10 years ?

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                                              Metabolomics
- D lytic &

                                                                                         ge sis
         se

                                               & Fluxomics

                                                                                           me
                                                  Issues

                                                                                              nt
    a

                                                                                                ,
 An
&

                                       Standardization
                            Harmonisation – Regulatory compliance
                Transfert to academic and industrial world

                                                    MetaboHUB
Some areas of technological innovation
    Sample
                                                      Creation of a FAIR
  preparation:
from one cell to                                        computational
whole organism                                         e-infrastructure

               Microfluidic                                    Highly curated DB for
             technology for                                    enhanced metabolite
                 sample                  Infrared                  identification
                                        technology
              preparation                                        (PeakForest DB)
                                       Analytical
                           Pipetting
BEFORE                      Robots       Tools       GC-MS           AFTER
                                       Expertises

                                                 NMR
                                  LC-MS                           Statistical,
Acquisition of Metadata                                       computational and
    in DB (domain                                             mathematical tools
     dependent)                                                 (moving to AI)

                      MS Imaging,
                   Advanced MS based              Faster NMR with fast 2D-NMR
                    data acquisition             Boosting the sensitivity of NMR
                    (identification &                 with Dynamic Nuclear
                     quantification)                       Polarization
Data sciences
Interoperability, knowledge management,
  artificial intelligence, network analysis

  better DB for molecule identification
analytical challenge: need robust spectral
                                               reference data base

                                             Typical processing flow of MS data
• Size and complexity of raw data
file (1 Go and more)                            in the field of metabolomics.

• Different file format and conversion
difficulties. need Open access

• Software heterogeneity and compatibility

• Mathematic complexity of the used methods

• High number of data treatment

• Difficulty to identify automatically
metabolites

                                                         Sugimoto et al. 2012 Current Boinformatics

                                         MetaboHUB
Search databases for accurate mass

February 2018    Master Biology Agrosciences: Metabolomics course
                                     MetaboHUB
PeakForest: a community-based
                     spectral database
     Online MetaboHUB resource
for identification of new compounds
        in biological matrices

  1D-2D NMR
  GC-MS
  LC-MS
  LC-MSn
PeakForest spectral DB will be share

                    MetaboHUB
                    Paris-Saclay

 MetaboHUB
Nantes-Rennes
                                        MetaboHUB Clermont-Ferrand

     MetaboHUB Bordeaux

        MetaboHUB Toulouse

 In France, many laboratories have their own DB without sharing their resources
Computational metabolomics
                                                                        challenge
 Jean-François Martin                                                   Mélanie Statistical
                                                                        Mélanie Petera
                                                                                 Petera analysis
      eMetaboHUB
   The computational
        solution

    Raw files
LC-MS, GC-MS, NMR
                                 Peak table
                     Etienne Thevenot
                                                                                                                                            Identification
                                                                   n samples
                                                                                                    URINE30DIL4_CID20_endogènes #68 RT: 1.22 AV: 1 NL: 4.17E5

                                       mz        rt        Db_015       ...   Db_068                F: FTMS + p ESI Full ms2 173.09@cid20.00 [50.00-800.00]
                        p variables

                                                                                                                                                    116.07041
                                                                                                        100

                                       75.0322     41.28      22162     ...      48575                                    95
                                                                                                                          90

                                       75.0441   174.83          1371   ...         820                                   85
                                                                                                                          80

                                       75.0634     56.23      49111     ...      91769                                    75
                                                                                                                          70

                                        ...      ...         ...        ...     ...                                       65
              time

                                                                                                                                                                            -C2H3ON

                                                                                                     Relative Abundance
                                                                                                                          60

                                      999.6653   844.61           571   ...         636                                   55
                                                                                                                          50

                                      999.6759   844.61           711   ...         665                                   45

                                                                                                                                                                                                         [
                                                                                                                          40

                                      999.6865   844.61           698   ...         612                                   35
                                                                                                                          30                                               127.08652   -HCOOH            173.09190

                                                                              Fabien Jourdan
                                                                                                                          25
                                                                                                                          20

                                                                                                                                                                                                   -
     m/z
                                                                                                                          15
                                                                                                                                                                                              155.08136

                                                                                                                                                                                                         M
                                                                                                                          10                80.49458
                                                                                                                                 70.06497
                                                                                                                                                                                                    169.67426

                                                                                                                                                                                                   H2
                                                                                                                          5                        86.06400
                                                                                                                               61.03990                       102.71753                143.04167                184.86218
                                                                                                                          0
                                                                                                                                 60           80              100         120           140        160          180
                                                                                                                                                                          m/z
                                                                                                                                                                                                   O
            Signal processing                                                         Pathway analysis
           LC-MS, GC-MS, NMR                                                                                                                                                                             +
                                                                                                                                                                                                         H]
                                                                                                                                                                                                         +

                                                                         MetaboHUB
Programme de la journée
•   10h35-11h20: Workflow4metabolomics (W4M), portail dédié à l’analyse métabolomique:
    extraction de données, normalisation, analyses statistiques et annotations, Jean-François
    Martin, MTH-Toulouse

•   11h20-11h40: Pause
•   11h40-12h25: Experimental design and data treatment in metabolomics applied to nutrition and
    health, Mélanie Pétéra, MTH-Clermont,

•   12h25-12h45: Metabolomics in Alzheimer's disease, Vincent Damotte, Inserm U1167,
    Institut Pasteur de Lille

•   12h45-14h30: Déjeuner (RU Pariselle)
•   14h30-15h15: Connecting the dots: metabolic networks for metabolome mining, Fabien
    Jourdan, MTH-Toulouse

•   15h15-16h00: Data sciences for deep phenotyping and precision medicine, Etienne
    Thevenot, MTH-Saclay, CEA, LIST

•   16h00-16h20: Métabolomique appliquée à l’identification de biomarqueurs en sélection variétale,
    Philippe Hance, Institut Charles Viollette, Université de Lille
•   16h20-16h40: La bioinformatique des peptides nonribosomiques, des métabolites secondaires
    microbiens remarquables, Valérie Leclère, Institut     Charles Viollette, Université de
                                                     MetaboHUB
    Lille
Thank you for your attention
Rennes
                  Saclay-Paris

         Nantes    Clermont

                   Bordeaux

                   Toulouse

54
                                       MetaboHUB
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