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COVID-19 Critical Intelligence Unit 1 May 2020
Evidence check 6 July 2021
Rapid evidence checks are based on a simplified review method and may not be entirely exhaustive,
but aim to provide a balanced assessment of what is already known about a specific problem or issue.
This brief has not been peer-reviewed and should not be a substitute for individual clinical judgement,
nor is it an endorsed position of NSW Health.
Quarantine options
Rapid review question
What are the latest quarantine measures, including exemptions or differential measures based on risk
stratification of the place of departure or travel history and vaccination status, for international travellers
in different jurisdictions around the world?
In brief
• Most countries, except Canada and the United States, have differential quarantine measures or
requirements based on travellers’ country of departure and travel history (that is places visited in the
14 or 21 consecutive days prior to entering the destination country).
• Exemption from mandatory quarantine is available in Australia, New Zealand, the United
Kingdom, Singapore, France, Italy, Greece, Spain, Iceland, Cyprus and Norway for travellers
arriving from a specified country or category of countries of low risk. Other conditions to exemptions
may apply, such as a negative COVID-19 polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test upon arrival or
within 24 hours, 48 hours or 72 hours prior to arrival.(1-11)
• Shorter quarantine duration than travellers arriving from the specified high-risk countries is
available in Singapore and France if travellers arrived from certain categories of low-risk countries.
(4, 5)
• Quarantine at home, or a suitable place instead of quarantine hotel or dedicated facility for
the whole or part of the duration is available in the United Kingdom, Singapore, Italy, and Norway if
travellers arrived from specific categories of countries.(3, 4, 6, 11)
• Exemption from mandatory quarantine is currently available in the United States, France,
Greece, Spain, Norway, Iceland and Cyprus and from 5 July 2021 in Canada if a traveller is fully
vaccinated as defined by the destination country. Other conditions to exemptions may apply, such
as a negative COVID-19 PCR test upon arrival or within 24 hours or 72 hours prior to arrival.(5, 7-
13)
1COVID-19 Critical Intelligence Unit 6 July 2021
Limitations
The policies around quarantine measures in different jurisdictions are subject to rapid changes due to
the unfolding COVID-19 pandemic both locally and globally. The information contained in this evidence
check may only be current at the time of conducting the search.
Methods
The selection of countries and jurisdictions for inclusion in this evidence check is based on top-ranking
countries in Lowy Institute’s COVID Performance Index, low total case numbers, well developed
healthcare systems and availability of English-language policy information.(14-16)
Keyword searches on Google (country name, COVID-19, coronavirus and quarantine) and manual
searches of key organisation websites in each country were conducted from 18 June 2021 to 23 June
2021.
2COVID-19 Critical Intelligence Unit 6 July 2021
Results
Results by countries are presented in Table 1. Information sources are hyperlinked (underlined) to the selected text.
Table 1: Quarantine options (mandatory quarantine, quarantine duration and hotel or dedicated facility versus home quarantine)
based on risk stratification and vaccination status
Country From high risk country From low risk country
Fully vaccinated Partially vaccinated or not Fully vaccinated Partially vaccinated or not
vaccinated vaccinated
Australia Mandatory hotel quarantine for 14 days (17) Travellers coming from New Zealand (green zone) are exempt from
mandatory quarantine if:
• they travelled on a green zone flight
• have been only in New Zealand territory (New Zealand and
Tokelau) or Australia for at least 14 days immediately before
the date of departure.(1)
Canada Mandatory quarantine for at least 14 days, which includes a mandatory 3 night pre-paid booking at a government-authorised
hotel and continued quarantine at a suitable place.(13)
Exempt from the No exceptions for partially Exempt from the No exceptions for partially vaccinated
quarantine, hotel stopover vaccinated travellers. quarantine, hotel stopover travellers.
(for air travellers) and day- (for air travellers) and day-8
8 testing requirement if: testing requirement if:
• are asymptomatic • are asymptomatic
3COVID-19 Critical Intelligence Unit 6 July 2021
Country From high risk country From low risk country
Fully vaccinated Partially vaccinated or not Fully vaccinated Partially vaccinated or not
vaccinated vaccinated
• meet all other entry • meet all other entry
requirements. requirements.
Nunavut Can apply for an Isolation for 14 days at a Can apply for an Isolation for 14 days at a Government
Canada exemption to quarantine Government of Nunavut exemption to quarantine of Nunavut isolation site to be cleared
(18) isolation site to be cleared (18) to travel to Nunavut.(18)
to travel to Nunavut.(18)
Cyprus Travellers from red and grey countries are required to Travellers from green countries are not required to have a PCR test
undergo a PCR test 72 hours prior to departure.(10) 72 hours prior to departure or on arrival.(10)
Travellers from red countries are required to undergo Travellers from orange countries are required to undergo a PCR test
PCR test upon arrival but not required to undergo 72 hours prior to departure but not on arrival.(10)
mandatory self-isolation.(10) Travellers from green and orange are not required to undergo
Travellers from grey countries are not required to mandatory self-isolation upon arrival.(10)
undergo PCR test upon arrival but are required to
undergo mandatory self-isolation.(10)
• Will not be required to • Will not be required to
undergo any tests to undergo any tests to
visit Cyprus. visit Cyprus.
• Will not be placed in • Will not be placed in
quarantine. quarantine.
4COVID-19 Critical Intelligence Unit 6 July 2021
Country From high risk country From low risk country
Fully vaccinated Partially vaccinated or not Fully vaccinated Partially vaccinated or not
vaccinated vaccinated
France Countries on the orange list: every country in the world, Countries on the green list: countries in Europe (European Union,
except those on the green list and red list.(5) Andorra, the Holy See, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Monaco, Norway,
Countries on the red list: Afghanistan, Argentina, San Marino and Switzerland), and Australia, Canada, Israel, Japan,
Bahrain, Bangladesh, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Lebanon, New Zealand, Singapore, South Korea and the United
Costa Rica, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, Paraguay, States.(5)
South Africa, Sri Lanka, Suriname and Uruguay.(5)
Orange list Orange list Not subject to any health Upon boarding, each traveller aged 11
measures years or older must present a negative
• Upon boarding, each • Can only travel to PCR or antigenic test taken less than
traveller aged 11 France if they have 72 hours before the flight.
years or older must pressing grounds for
present a negative travel.
PCR test taken less • Upon boarding, each
than 72 hours before traveller aged 11 years
the flight or a negative or older must present a
antigenic test taken negative PCR test taken
less than 48 hours less than 72 hours
before the flight. before the flight or a
negative antigenic test
Red list taken less than 48 hours
before the flight.
5COVID-19 Critical Intelligence Unit 6 July 2021
Country From high risk country From low risk country
Fully vaccinated Partially vaccinated or not Fully vaccinated Partially vaccinated or not
vaccinated vaccinated
• May be subject to a
• Same as non- random test when they
vaccinated travellers arrive in France.
from orange list
countries. • Must pledge to self-
isolate for seven days.
Red list
• Subject to a mandatory
10-day quarantine
supervised by security
forces.
• Will be tested upon
arrival.
• Other measures are the
same as the orange list.
Greece Nationals from countries other than those specified are The countries from which entry is allowed, under the below-
subject to entry ban.(19) mentioned conditions, without the requirement for subsequent self-
Further details cannot be retrieved or confirmed from the isolation are: Albania, Australia, Bahrein, Belarus, Bosnia and
available English-language sources from Greece. Herzegovina, Canada, China, European Union and Schengen Area
countries, Israel, Japan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Montenergro, New
Zealand, North Macedonia, Qatar, the Russian Federation, Rwanda,
6COVID-19 Critical Intelligence Unit 6 July 2021
Country From high risk country From low risk country
Fully vaccinated Partially vaccinated or not Fully vaccinated Partially vaccinated or not
vaccinated vaccinated
Saudi Arabia, Serbia, Singapore, South Korea, Thailand, Ukraine,
the United Arab Emirates, the United Kingdom and the United
States.(7)
• Proof of negative test is • Have either a negative PCR
not required. certificate from a testing
laboratory, for a COVID-19 test
taken no later than 72 hours
before arrival, or a negative
antigen (rapid) certificate taken no
longer than 48 hours before
arrival.
• Or the traveller was tested positive
with COVID-19 in the past two to
nine months.
Iceland Foreign citizens are not authorized to travel to Iceland People travelling from Greenland can travel without restrictions.(20)
unless exemptions apply.(9)
Only Greenland is considered a safe area but all other
countries are risk areas.(20)
After 31 May, 2021, and until further notice, there will not
be a requirement to stay in an official quarantine facility
based upon country risk-areas. Quarantine facilities will
7COVID-19 Critical Intelligence Unit 6 July 2021
Country From high risk country From low risk country
Fully vaccinated Partially vaccinated or not Fully vaccinated Partially vaccinated or not
vaccinated vaccinated
continue to be used for individuals in quarantine who do
not have a place to stay in Iceland or who are unable or
unwilling to isolate themselves in housing on their
own.(21)
• Present an approved Unless have a certification
vaccination certificate. that proves a previous
• Do not have to COVID-19 infection:
present a negative • submit a certificate of a
PCR test. negative PCR-test for
COVID-19 before
boarding an aircraft or
ship to Iceland and
again upon arrival
• undergo two tests upon
arrival and quarantine
for five days in between.
Italy Countries on List E: all states and territories not Travellers from the countries of the European Union and the
specifically referred to in any other list.(6) Schengen Area, as well as from Great Britain and Israel, with a
• Only allowed entry for specific reasons. Travelling for negative swab test taken 48 hours before arrival, can enter Italy
tourism is not permitted. without compulsory quarantine.(6)
8COVID-19 Critical Intelligence Unit 6 July 2021
Country From high risk country From low risk country
Fully vaccinated Partially vaccinated or not Fully vaccinated Partially vaccinated or not
vaccinated vaccinated
• If travellers have stayed in or transited through these Covid-tested flights: authorised flight routes include specific flights
countries in the previous 14 days, they must: from, Canada, Japan, the United Arab Emirates and the United
o undergo a molecular or antigenic swab States.(6)
carried out within 72 hours prior to entry into Passengers on these flights, following the below-mentioned
Italy and the result of which is negative protocol, are authorised to enter and transit into the Italian national
o complete the digital Passenger Locator Form territory, without having to comply with the obligations of health
surveillance and fiduciary isolation.
• If arriving from Brazil, India, Bangladesh and Sri
Lanka, travellers must (6): • Upon boarding, hand in a certification attesting to the negative
o undergo compulsory molecular or antigenic result of the molecular test (reverse transcription PCR) or
test upon arrival antigenic test, carried out by means of a swab, no later than 48
o undergo fiduciary isolation and health hours prior to boarding.
surveillance for 10 days • Complete the Passenger Locator Form to be shown before
o undergo compulsory isolation at a COVID boarding.
Hotel or other place indicated by the health • Take another molecular (reverse transcription PCR) or antigen
authority or civil protection swab test upon arrival at the destination airport.
o undergo an additional molecular or antigenic
swab at the end of the 10-day isolation period Countries on List D: Australia, Canada, New Zealand, Japan,
Republic of Korea, Rwanda, Singapore, Thailand, and the United
o reach their final destination in Italy only by
States and the states and territories with low epidemiological risk.
private transport
Travel to and from these countries is permitted without the need for
9COVID-19 Critical Intelligence Unit 6 July 2021
Country From high risk country From low risk country
Fully vaccinated Partially vaccinated or not Fully vaccinated Partially vaccinated or not
vaccinated vaccinated
o notify the prevention department of the health a specific reason (subject to the limitations set out in Italy at the
authority responsible for the area of their regional level).(6)
entry.
Travellers from List D countries must comply with the same
measures as the List E countries.
New Zealand Mandatory managed isolation and quarantine for at least Travellers coming from Australia (quarantine-free travel) are exempt
14 days (22) from mandatory quarantine if they:
• have spent 14 full days (midnight to midnight) in either
Australia or New Zealand
• have not had a positive COVID-19 test result in the 14 days
before they depart
• are not be awaiting the results of a COVID-19 test taken in
the past 14 days.(2)
Quarantine-free travel from New South Wales, Northern Territory,
Queensland and Western Australia is paused until at least 11:59pm
(NZT) Tuesday 6 July.(23)
Quarantine-free travel is also available for travellers from Cook
Islands and Niue.
10COVID-19 Critical Intelligence Unit 6 July 2021
Country From high risk country From low risk country
Fully vaccinated Partially vaccinated or not Fully vaccinated Partially vaccinated or not
vaccinated vaccinated
Norway Anyone returning from a red area or country must stay in Travellers from a yellow country or area in the European Economic
quarantine for 10 days after the date of their arrival in Area or Switzerland are not required to stay in quarantine.
Norway. The travel quarantine can be either at a All travellers must present documentation of a negative test result
quarantine hotel or a suitable location, depending on for the coronavirus taken less than 24 hours prior to entry.(11)
arrival country and specific conditions upon arrival.
All travellers must present documentation of a negative
test result for the coronavirus taken less than 24 hours
prior to entry and undergo testing upon arrival.(11)
Exempt from travel Exempt from hotel
quarantine. quarantine if they have:
• received their first
vaccine dose and three
weeks or more have
passed since they
received the vaccine
• had COVID-19 during
the last six months.
Singapore Travellers who had visited all other countries or regions Travellers who had visited Australia (excluding New South Wales
in the last 21 consecutive days before arrival need to: (4) state), Brunei, mainland China (excluding Guangdong Province) and
New Zealand in the last 21 consecutive days before arrival need to:
• stay 21 days at a stay-home notice dedicated facility (4)
11COVID-19 Critical Intelligence Unit 6 July 2021
Country From high risk country From low risk country
Fully vaccinated Partially vaccinated or not Fully vaccinated Partially vaccinated or not
vaccinated vaccinated
• take a COVID-19 PCR test within 72 hours before
departure (Singapore citizens entering via land from • take a COVID-19 PCR test upon arrival
Malaysia exempt), upon arrival (additional antigen • remain in self-isolation until a negative test result is conveyed
rapid test for those arriving from Bangladesh, India, (typically within 48 hours).
Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka, day 14 and day 21. Travellers who had visited Australia (New South Wales state),
Travellers who had visited Israel and Taiwan in the last mainland China (Guangdong province), Hong Kong and Macao and
21 consecutive days before arrival need to: in the last 21 consecutive days before arrival need to:
• stay 14 days at a stay-home notice dedicated facility, • take a COVID-19 PCR test upon arrival
and an additional 7 days at a place of residence or • stay seven days at a place of residence or a self-sourced hotel.
self-sourced accommodation
• Take COVID-19 PCR test within 72 hours before
departure, upon arrival, day 14 and near the end of
the stay-home notice period.
Spain All passengers arriving in Spain from a country or zone Passengers with an EU COVID Digital Certificate, as well as all
of risk by air or sea, must have a valid health certificate travellers coming from countries not considered at risk, will obtain a
to enter Spain.(8, 24) fast control QR code after completing the health control form before
All third countries are considered risk countries except their departure.(25)
Australia, China, Israel, Japan, New Zealand, Rwanda,
Singapore, South Korea, Thailand, the United
Kingdom.(8)
12COVID-19 Critical Intelligence Unit 6 July 2021
Country From high risk country From low risk country
Fully vaccinated Partially vaccinated or not Fully vaccinated Partially vaccinated or not
vaccinated vaccinated
Children under 12 years of age are not required to
present these certificates or supporting documents.
People whose country of origin of travel to Spain is India,
must remain in quarantine for 10 days after their arrival
in Spain, or for the duration of their stay if it is shorter
than that.(8)
• A COVID-19 • A certificate of COVID- • A COVID 19 vaccination • A certificate of SARSCoV2
vaccination certificate. 19 diagnostic test with a certificate. diagnostic test with a negative
negative result carried • Can be in the form of a result carried out within 48 hours
out within 48 hours valid EU Digital COVID before arrival in Spain.
before arrival in Spain. Certificate. • A COVID-19 recovery certificate.
• A COVID-19 recovery • Can be in the form of a valid EU
certificate. Digital COVID Certificate.
• Can be in the form of a
valid EU Digital COVID
Certificate.
United Kingdom Travellers having been to a red list country in the 10 Travellers who only have been in or travelled through a green list
days before arrival must quarantine for 10 full days in a country or the United Kingdom, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the
managed quarantine hotel.(26) Isle of Man in the previous 10 days do not need to quarantine
unless the post-arrival COVID-19 test is positive.(3)
13COVID-19 Critical Intelligence Unit 6 July 2021
Country From high risk country From low risk country
Fully vaccinated Partially vaccinated or not Fully vaccinated Partially vaccinated or not
vaccinated vaccinated
Travellers having been to an amber list country in the 10
days before arrival must quarantine at home or in the
place they are staying for 10 days.(27)
United States All air passengers coming to the United States, including citizens and fully vaccinated people, are required to have a negative
COVID-19 test result no more than three days before travel or documentation of recovery from COVID-19 in the past three
months before they board a flight to the United States.(12)
• Get tested with a viral • Get tested with a viral • Get tested with a viral • Get tested with a viral test within
test within three - five test within three - five test within three - five three - five days.
days. days. days. • Stay home and self-quarantine for
• Self-monitor for • Stay home and self- • Self-monitor for a full seven days even when
symptoms. quarantine for a full symptoms. tested negative.
seven days even when • Avoid being around people who
tested negative. are at increased risk for severe
• Avoid being around illness for 14 days.
people who are at • Self-monitor for symptoms.
increased risk for severe
illness for 14 days.
• Self-monitor for
symptoms.
14COVID-19 Critical Intelligence Unit 23 June 2021
Definition of fully vaccination or valid vaccination status
Canada
To be considered fully vaccinated, one must have received the full series of a vaccine, or a
combination of vaccines, accepted by the Government of Canada at least 14 days prior to entering
Canada. Accepted vaccines include: Pfizer (Comirnaty, tozinameran, BNT162b2), Moderna (mRNA-
1273), AstraZeneca (Vaxzevria, AZD1222, Covishield), and Janssen Johnson & Johnson (JNJ-
78436735) single dose. The list of accepted vaccines may expand in the future.
Canada (Nunavut)
A person is considered to be fully vaccinated two weeks after receiving the final dose of a Government
of Canada approved COVID-19 vaccine.
Cyprus
Vaccination will be valid from the date that a vaccine has been fully administered, with the exception of
Johnson & Johnson, where the facilitation will be valid two weeks after administration. Cyprus
considers as authorised for travel, all vaccines which have been approved by the European Medicines
Agency, and the vaccines Sputnik V and Sinopharm (BBIBP COVID-19).
France
• Two weeks after the second shot for two-shot vaccines (Pfizer, Moderna, AstraZeneca)
• Four weeks after the shot for one-shot vaccines (Janssen Johnson & Johnson)
• Two weeks after the shot for vaccines administered to people who have already had COVID-19
(only one dose is necessary)
• Only vaccines authorized by the European Medicines Agency will be accepted, that is Pfizer
(Comirnaty), Moderna, AstraZeneca (Vaxzevria) and Janssen Johnson & Johnson (JNJ-78436735).
Greece
• 14 days have elapsed since the last vaccination, depending on the doses required, and hold a
vaccination certificate
• Acceptable vaccines are: Pfizer BioNtech, Moderna, Astra Zeneca/Oxford, Novavax, Janssen
Johnson & Johnson, Sinovac Biotech, Gamaleya (Sputnik), Cansino Biologics, Sinopharm among
others.
• Iceland
• Vaccination certificate is valid when 14 days have passed from the second dose (or 14 days from
Janssen Johnson & Johnson dose). Certificates of vaccination with a vaccine authorised by the
European Medicines Agency, or the World Health Organization are accepted from all countries.
• Spain
• A person needs to be vaccinated with a complete regimen, with any vaccine authorised for
marketing by the European Union (European Medicines Agency) and the World Health
Organization, at least 14 days before arriving in Spain.
United States
15COVID-19 Critical Intelligence Unit 23 June 2021
A person is considered to be fully vaccinated two weeks after their second dose in a two-dose series,
such as the Pfizer or Moderna vaccines, or two weeks after a single-dose vaccine, such as Janssen
Johnson & Johnson’s vaccine.
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16COVID-19 Critical Intelligence Unit 23 June 2021
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SHPN: (ACI) 210588 | ISBN: 978-1-76081-852-4 |TRIM: ACI/D21/695-21
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