RESEARCH ON GEOTECHNICAL EARTHQUAKE IN THE HUMAN SETTLEMENT OF LIMA-PERU - RICARDO PALMA UNIVERSITY
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RICARDO PALMA UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF ENGINEERING CIVIL ENGINEERING RESEARCH INSTITITUTE RESEARCH ON GEOTECHNICAL EARTHQUAKE IN THE HUMAN SETTLEMENT OF LIMA-PERU
RESEARCH ON GEOTECHNICAL EARTHQUAKE IN THE “HUMAN SETTLEMENTS” OF LIMA-PERU ADVISERS: Dr. ARNALDO CARRILLO GIL Ing. OSCAR DONAYRE CORDOVA
1. INTRODUCTION
With field explorations and the
obtained information from surveys
made by the students, many places
were identified where common
construction of “pircas” were used. A
model was developed in order to
analyze their static and seismic
conditions, considering the earthquake
magnitude according to the site
seismic recurrence and building
characteristics as well as their risk and
vulnerability due to more common
disasters.
Geotechnical model
Typical foundations on “pircas” In situ model of “pircas” foundation
A typical case of slope failure was 2. GEOTHECNICAL CONDITIONS
considered in order to determine In the field were made penetration
through back analysis and test in situ, tests and exploration pits and then
the resistance average parameters to tested in the laboratory each soil
shear strength. Data was evaluated on sample extracted.
laboratory, in a real scale prototype From a statistical standpoint, the
with the geotechnical site conditions. In survey of a sample of the population of
addition, geological characteristics of the area to evaluate the situation and /
the site were also considered. or condition of building their homes
and the behavior of people in an
earthquake
It took the dimensions and
characteristics of the house collapsed
as shown in the following figure.
Field Works
3. METHODS FOR GEOTHECNICAL
DESIGN
3.1 Slide 5.0
Slide 5.0 is a 2D program Slope
stability to evaluate the stability of
circular or no circular failure surfaces
of soil or rock slopes. You can create Measurements of the collapse
complex models, modeling external
loads, groundwater and supports a
variety of ways. 5. CALCULATION OF THE
PARAMETERS OF SHEAR STRENGTH
OF SOILS
3.2 Slope/W In this study the calculation of these
El software Slope/W is a product tha parameters was made by the Method
use the balance limit to calculate the of retro Analysis because there was no
security factor on earth and rock such information at the moment of the
slopes. Slope/W has an application for collapse.
the analysis and geothecnical, civil
design, and projects of mine
engineering.
3.3 MacStar 2000
The program MacStar 2000 has been
developed to verify the stability of
reinforced soil, which are structures
that provide stability on a slope using
units of reinforcements that can absorb
tensile stress.
4. MODELING OF THE COLLAPSE
AREA Screen of Slide 5.0 showing one of the
safety factors
6. SEISMIC ACCELERATION 8. CONCLUSSIONS AND
COEFFICIENTS RECOMMENDATIONS
For the particular case of the software 1. The failure rate of housing
you need to have additional data construction in these settlements is
seismic acceleration coefficients, really alarming because of the lack
horizontal and vertical, especially for of supervision or technical criteria.
the analysis of the model under 2. The vulnerability of households in
dynamic condition. most human settlements because
they are located on hill slopes, with
Seismic acceleration coefficients a foundation inappropriate, a very
steep slope and with materials that
Horizontal 0.15 do not guarantee static and
dynamic stability of the building.
Vertical 0.072 3. This vulnerability is directly related
to the safety factors calculated by
different methods that have been
presented, the same as
determining whether an area is
stable or not.
7. DISCUSSION RESULTS
4. “Human Settlements” those are
most vulnerable due to the high
Results show safety factors that are recurrence of the use of stone
lower than 1, and significantly lower in walls.
case of an earthquake of shallow 5. The survey techniques found in
acceleration of 0.30g and magnitude of each field work demonstrate the
7.5Mw, values which point out that it is absence of information to the
not necessary an earthquake to cause residents of these sectors has on
slides on the foundation. Because of the direct or indirect damages that
these results, it is essential to check result in a collapse.
for practical and economical solutions 6. This paper has complied with its
in order to avoid material and human commitment to demonstrate the
losses (Figure 8). The progress of vulnerability of this type of existing
these studies allows us to establish the foundations type Pirca.
construction process in walls,
platforms, and foundations.
Factor of Safety REFERENCES
Factor of Condition – Braja M. Das, “Principles of
Safety Foundation Engineering”, Fourth
Method Static Seismic
Edition.
Slide 5.0 0.913 0.755 – Carrillo Gil, Arnaldo “Geotecnia de
los Suelos Peruanos” Instituto
Slope/W 0.847 0.712 Peruano de Ingeniería Geotécnica y
Geoambiental, Lima, Perú.
McStar – Carrillo Gil, Arnaldo, “Peligro
0.911 0.701
2000 sísmico en los Barrios Marginales
del Sur”, Conferencia Instituto
Peruano de Ingeniería Geotécnica y
Geoambiental, CIP, CDL, Lima, – Sandoval, Israel, “Evaluación
Perú. Geotécnica y Sísmica de los
– Carrillo Gil, Arnaldo “Education and Asentamientos Humanos del Norte
Practice: The Peruvian experience” de Lima Metropolitana”, Tesis de
17th International Conference on Grado Universidad Ricardo Palma.
Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical – Slide 5.0, “2D Limit Equilibrium
Engineering, Alexandria, Egypt. Slope Stability for Soil and Rock
– Donayre, Oscar, “Evaluación del Slopes”, Manual de Usuario, Cap. 1
Comportamiento de los Suelos y 2, Rocscience Inc.Slope/W, User’s
Granulares Finos del Sur de Lima Guide.
Metropolitana”, Tesis de Grado – Torres, César, “Valoración del
Universidad Ricardo Palma. Riesgo en Deslizamientos”, Tesis
– Hoek, Evert, “Hoek – Brown Failure de Grado Universidad Ricardo
Criterion”, Edición 2002, pag. 1-7. Palma..
– Juárez Badillo, Rico Rodríguez, – Whitman, Robert V., “Dynamic
“Mecánica de Suelos”, Tomo 1 Behavior of Soils and its Application
Editorial Limusa S.A. to Civil Engineering Projects”, Sixth
– Kramer, Steven L., “Geothecnical Panamerican Conference on Soil
Earthquake Engineering”, University Mechanics and Foundation
of Washington, Prentice Hall, New Engineering, Lima – Perú.
Jersey, Cap. 11, pags. 466 – 505. – Whitman, Robert V., “Limiting Cases
– RocLab, User’s Guide, pags. 1 – 27. for Distribution of Lateral Stress,
Sixth Panamerican Conference on
Soil Mechanics and Foundation
Engineering, Lima – Perú.
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