STATUS GREEN INDUSTRY - OF THE - Urban Scapes | Landscape Architects
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STATUS
OF THE
GREEN INDUSTRY
October 2020
South African Green Industry Council NPC
Bernadette Eksteen
P.O. Box 514
Halfway House
1685
Tel: (+27) 82 567 7592
Email: admin@sagic.co.za
Document Compiled by:
Bernadette Eksteen
MESSAGE FROM SAGIC CHAIRPERSON
SAGIC has been working with the AgriSETA for a number of years on various
projects, including a process of enhancing the training requirements for the
Green Industry. Every year SAGIC has to determine and advise the AgriSETA
on the greatest need in terms of training development required for the
industry to make sure that we stay aligned with the changes and needs of the
industry.
SAGIC, as the umbrella body representing several associations in the Green
Industry, determined that with the support of the AgriSETA, it would be
advantageous to conduct a research project to determine the status of the
Green Industry together with the training needs for the Horticulture Sub-
Sector Skills Plan, as compiled by the AgriSETA. The AgriSETA does this on
behalf of the sector and submits the plan annually to the Department of
Higher Education.
A further purpose of this project was to; get an overview of the status of the accredited AgriSETA
qualifications, who is providing the training and how many learners have gone through this process at tertiary
education institutions, as well as at AgriSETA registered training providers. This includes the status of the
qualifications being offered, student intake, challenges being faced as well as the needs and gaps in current
training and future qualifications that should be developed. A further outcome of this project was also to get
a better understanding of SAGIC’s members associations in general and more specifically around the training
that is being undertaken and what role SAGIC can play as an umbrella body.
On behalf of SAGIC, I want to thank everybody involved in the project that, with the help of all the member
organisations, was executed by SAGIC’s administrator, Bernadette Eksteen. The outcome of this project is of
great advantage and ensures that future development in training for the Green Industry is aligned with all the
necessary statutory requirements, as well as the training needs in the industry.
Yours sincerely,
Annemarie van der Westhuizen
SAGIC Chairperson
List of Abbreviations ABET Adult Basic Education and Training CIPC Companies and Intellectual Property Commission CPUT Cape Peninsula University of Technology COGTA Department of Corporate Governance and Traditional Affairs DHET Department of Higher Education DST Department of Science and Technology DUT Durban University of Technology ETI Employment Tax Incentive FET Further Education and Training GDP Gross Domestic Product ILASA Institute for Landscape Architecture in South Africa NCV National Certificate Vocational NPC Non-Profit Company OPPASA Outdoor Power Product Association of South Africa SDL Skills Development Levy SABI South Africa Irrigation Institute SALI South African Landscapers Institute SANA South African Nursery Association SARS South African Revenue Service SDL Skills Development Levy SETA Sector Education and Training Authority SIC Standard Industrialisation Code SLA Service Level Agreement SLP Short Learning Programme STATS SA Statistics South Africa TUT Tshwane University of Technology TVET Technical and Vocational Education and Training UoT University of Technology UP University of Pretoria UCT University of Cape Town UNISA University of South Africa WIL Work Integrated Learning
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. INTRODUCTION ..............................................................................................................................7
2. PURPOSE ........................................................................................................................................9
3. WHAT DOES THE GREEN INDUSTRY DO? .......................................................................................9
4. STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATIONS (SIC) ..........................................................................12
4.1. The Significance of SIC Codes 12
4.2. Summary of applicable SIC Codes 12
4.3. SIC Codes in relation to the Green Industry 19
5. POST SCHOOL LEARNING INSTITUTIONS .....................................................................................20
5.1. Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) 20
5.2. Universities of Technology (UoT) 21
5.3. Universities 22
5.4. Insights from the Academic Institutions that SAGIC engages with 25
6. QUALITY COUNCIL FOR TRADES AND OCCUPATIONS (QCTO) .....................................................33
7. SECTOR EDUCATION AND TRAINING AUTHORITIES (SETA) ASPECTS ..........................................33
7.1. AgriSETA 34
7.1.1. Sub-Sector Skills Plan 34
7.1.2. Qualifications SAGIC has worked on with the AgriSETA 34
7.1.3. Qualifications and Service Providers listed on the AgriSETA website 37
7.1.4. AgriSETA Learner through – put 53
7.2. EWSETA 53
7.3. CETA 53
7.4. CATG/HSSETA 53
7.5. LGSETA 53
7.6. MERSETA 53
7.7. MQA 53
7.8. SERVICES SETA 54
7.9. W&RSETA 54
8. MEMBER ASSOCIATION STATUS QUO .........................................................................................55
8.1. Membership 55
8.2. Training Initiatives 56
8.3. Partnerships with Tertiary Institutions 56
8.4. How can SAGIC be of greater benefit to its Member Associations? 57
9. OUTCOME OF THE GREEN INDUSTRY QUESTIONNAIRE ..............................................................58
9.1. Background 58
9.2. Sample Size of the Green Industry Questionnaire 58
9.3. Primary Business 59
9.4. Business Distribution 60
9.5. General Information 61
9.5.1. Primary Customer 61
9.5.2. Age Analysis of Businesses 61
9.5.3. Nett Annual Turnover 62
9.5.4. Spectrum of Employment 62
9.5.5. Seasonal Workers 64
9.6. Matters associated with the Skills Development Levy (SDL) 64
9.7. Importing and Exporting of Goods and Services 65
9.8. Current hard - to - fill vacancies 66
9.9. Future Qualifications that should be developed for the Green Industry 67
9.10. Concerns that influence / have an impact on the Green Industry 68
9.11. What is holding the Green Industry back? 69
10. UNDERSTANDING GOVERNMENT LIASION ..................................................................................70
11. SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, OBSERVATIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS.......................................73
11.1. Findings 73
11.2. Observations 74
11.3. Recommendations 76
12. CONCLUSION ................................................................................................................................78
1. INTRODUCTION
The South African Green Industry Council NPC (SAGIC) is an umbrella body for various associations that
play a role in the Green Industry. The Green Industry can be loosely classified into three categories:
i. organisations / businesses participating in the planning, construction and maintenance of all
green space be it gardens, and / or landscapes for corporate offices parks, shopping centres,
campuses, estates (office, residential, industrial, eco etc.), parks, golf courses, sports facilities,
cemeteries, schools, hospitals, residences etc. as well as other specialised services relating to
rehabilitation and restoration of green areas.
ii. businesses that produce and supply hard (paving, irrigation, street furniture, etc.) and soft/green
goods (plants i.e. nurseries and growers e.g. trees, shrubs, groundcovers, lawns, etc.) for the
construction and or maintenance of landscapes and gardens, and
iii. businesses offering various support services e.g. selling and repair of tools, equipment, machines,
irrigation design and materials, pesticides, herbicide and fertilizers etc.
SAGIC currently has seven member associations as listed below. Each of these associations/organisations
plays an important role in a specific sector of the Green Industry. The current member associations of
SAGIC are as follows:
Table 1: Description of Member Associations of SAGIC
Member Association Description
Institute for Landscape Architecture in South Africa
(ILASA)
ILASA’s mission is to advance the professions of landscape architecture and
uphold high standards of professional service to its members; furthermore, to
represent the profession of landscape architecture in any matter which may
affect the interests of the members of the Institute.
Outdoor Power Product Association of South Africa
(OPPASA)
OPPASA represents employers that are engaged in the sale, and/ or renovation,
and/ or servicing, and/ or assembly of small equipment, for example: lawn and
garden tools and equipment, small farming tools and equipment, small mining
and construction tools and equipment, workshop tools and equipment, cleaning
tools and equipment as well as small forestry equipment.
South African Irrigation Institute
(SABI)
SABI strives to ensure optimal irrigation in agriculture, landscape and all
environmental settings. SABI’s ultimate mission is the saving of water. SABI, a
technical-based Institute, has more than 450 members, including designers,
engineers, soil scientists, crop experts, entrepreneurs, economists and irrigation
farmers and landscapers.
SAGIC – Status of the Green Industry – October 2020
7
South African Landscapers Institute
(SALI)
SALI consists of a vast network of members, including, but not limited to
landscape contractors and suppliers, throughout South Africa who are guided by
the SALI Constitution and Code of Conduct. SALI members endeavour to improve
the standard of the landscaping industry by adhering to the Landscape
Standards laid down by SALI and by so doing ensure clients get increased value
and professionalism that can be trusted.
South African Nursery Association
(SANA)
SANA is a non-profit organization that was formed in 1947 to create an
association to act as a network platform and to represent the interests of the
Green Industry.
Today it not only represents the nursery industry as a whole but also represents
related associations which includes:
▪ Allied, Bulb & Seed Trade Association – ABSTA
▪ Bedding Plant Growers Association – BPGA
▪ Garden Centre Association – GCA
▪ Growers Association
SANA’s Objectives:
▪ Promotion of National and Regional nursery matters
▪ Liaise with Government departments on issues pertaining to the nursery
industry and environmental matters.
▪ Be at the forefront of social responsibility programmes which promote
sound environmental awareness.
▪ Encourage good labour practices, provide and support educational
development.
▪ Ensure skills sustainability, in the industry, through bursaries, mentorship
and internships.
▪ Communicate matters of national or regional importance e.g. government
legislation.
▪ Coordinate with other Green Industry organizations to establish
qualification standards for horticultural training in association with
AgriSETA.
▪ Create a networking platform through trade days, convention’s and other
social events.
Turf Grass Managers Association Gauteng
(TGMA Gauteng)
The TGMA Gauteng previously known as the Golf Course Managers and
Greenkeepers Association of Southern Africa (GCMGA), was established as Turf
Grass Managers saw a need to network and share their knowledge and
experience on the maintenance and upkeep of all turf related courses for both
golf and sports recreation.
TGMA Gauteng is a regional association with Johannesburg and Pretoria
currently contributing mostly to its membership. The association provides a
forum for education, discussion and networking among course and sports field
Super intendents and Turf Grass Managers.
SAGIC – Status of the Green Industry – October 2020
8
Cape Green Forum
The Cape Green Forum is an affordable business networking association for
individuals and companies who represent the Green Industry. It offers members
the platform to unite and network in the Cape region. The large informal
information network encourages operators of all size to get involved, share and
communicate with each other.
Members are a mix of growers, retailers, landscapers, irrigation specialists,
suppliers, estate managers and landscape architects – basically anybody who
works in or with the Green Industry in the Cape.
2. PURPOSE
The purpose of this document is to:
i. Provide insight into the Status of the Green Industry at various levels with the focus being on
training and related matters.
ii. Provide proposals as to how the relevance of SAGIC can be enhanced in the future to better serve
its members and the people of South Africa.
3. WHAT DOES THE GREEN INDUSTRY DO?
The Green Industry plays a vital role within the built and natural environment. Within the context of the
current constraints, landscapes and gardens collectively represent the green infrastructure/open spaces
in urban areas and should be regarded in the same light as other built infrastructure like roads, buildings
etc. It is important to note that gardens and landscapes reflect significant financial investment over many
years by public and private landowners. Gardens and landscapes are living systems that require ongoing
maintenance to continue to serve and achieve the function for which they were planned and constructed.
In order to bring this about, there are a myriad of ancillary support functions and services that are integral
to gardens and landscapes.
It is well established that green spaces, landscapes and gardens contribute significant value to the overall
well-being of humans and the environment. These values are categorized and explained by SALI as follows:
i. Enhancing our environment
a. Plants protect our water quality,
b. Appropriate landscaping reduces soil erosion,
c. Plants improve air quality by absorbing and storing carbon while releasing oxygen back
into the atmosphere,
d. Landscaping lowers summer temperatures,
e. Conserves natural resources,
f. Provides screening and reduction of glare,
g. Reduces urban heat island effect,
h. Filters dust and pollution from rain and storm water run-off,
i. Provides natural wind breaks,
j. Perceived to reduce noise pollution,
k. Creates beneficial habitats for wildlife, and
l. Attracts and sustains essential pollinators.
ii. Promoting economic development
a. Renews business districts,
b. Brings about employment opportunities,
c. Sustains communities in terms of food where food/community gardens have been
established,
d. Increases the aesthetics of properties and therefore the market value of properties,
SAGIC – Status of the Green Industry – October 2020
9
e. Lowers energy usage by enhancing the cooling of properties during hot seasons and
insulation in cold seasons, and
f. Increases job satisfaction and productivity.
iii. Improving human health
a. Landscapes and gardens contribute significantly to human well-being and quality of life,
b. Gardens provide healthy food,
c. Healing/therapeutic benefits are attributed to many plant species,
d. Landscapes have been proven to have an impact on physical and mental health,
e. Gardens provide excellent therapeutic benefits and physical exercise,
f. Gardens provide plants for medicinal purposes,
g. Improves outdoor living spaces and sense of community, and
h. Connects us with nature.
Within the Green Industry there are a diverse range of professions, occupations and elementary works
that are active within this sector of the economy. Participants in this sector range from skilled, semi-skilled
and unskilled employees. In order for the sector to operate optimally, the full range of service providers
are required as each contributes specialized skills and services that are integrated to ensure efficient and
effective service delivery across the board.
The diverse services that are fulfilled by the sector, when it comes to public and private properties and
infrastructure can best be broken down by member association and include but are not limited to:
i. ILASA
The Landscape Architectural Professionals undertake the planning of the green spaces, landscapes
and gardens, prepare information for the construction thereof, undertake supervision during
construction and when required advise on the on-going landscape maintenance requirements for
the installation.
ii. OPPASA
OPPASA members supply machinery and tools, provide a support service to all those constructing
and maintaining gardens and landscapes by selling and or repairing the tools, machinery, and or
equipment that is used in these activities e.g. lawn mowers, blowers, chain saws, etc.
iii. SABI
SABI members, while also addressing the need in the agricultural sector, have a category for the
irrigation matters relating to green spaces and gardens / landscapes. These members typically
undertake the landscape/garden irrigation design, construction and or maintenance of the various
types of garden, landscape and sport field irrigation systems.
iv. SALI
The areas wherein member businesses fulfill their duties are listed below, but not limited to:
✓ Commercial landscape (hard and soft) installations (construction sites),
✓ Commercial landscape (hard and soft) maintenance (maintenance sites) of living
environments (golf estates, housing estates, hospitals, government facilities, housing
areas, parks, public open spaces, schools, shopping centers, etc.),
✓ Residential garden/landscape installation,
✓ Residential garden/landscape maintenance,
✓ Public and private gardens,
✓ Landscaping associated with public amenities such as parks, cemeteries, hospitals,
schools, protected areas, servitudes etc.
SALI members fulfil a key role in bringing together and utilizing the specializations required to
implement and maintain a landscape and/or a garden:
✓ Professional Landscape Managers offer landscape installation and maintenance services in
the natural and built environment.
SAGIC – Status of the Green Industry – October 2020
10✓ SALI has members whose teams work on the maintenance and up-keep associated with
sports fields, golf courses, estates, infrastructural developments etc., and even areas where
the developments have not been built yet.
✓ Landscaping professionals maintain and protect the aesthetic and living environments
around hospitals, government facilities, housing areas, public open spaces, parks, schools and
more. This is a critical benefit to human health and well-being.
✓ Landscaping and garden service companies can also be responsible for any of the following
ancillary services such as:
o cleaning and sweeping of pavements and storm water drainage (prior to winter
rainfall),
o waste management – clearing garden refuse that can attract unwanted rodents and
disease,
o pruning of hedging, maintaining fence lines, clearing of pathways etc. ensuring private
and public security,
o invasive species management and preventing further spread of unwanted declared
alien invasive species,
o pest control – combating the spread of deadly and harmful diseases from mosquitoes,
ticks and fleas which can be prevented with vital applications, etc.
o removing dry waste to avoid fire hazards, pruning trees and removing dead branches
or fallen trees to avoid accidents.
o rehabilitation of coastal dunes, mining areas, servitudes, road reserves etc.
v. SANA
The nursery persons are responsible for growing, producing and delivering all plant material that
is required for landscaping and gardening purposes, be it for public or private use. This ranges
from annuals to vegetables seeds and seedlings, lawn, to groundcovers, shrubs and trees, to name
but a few.
vi. TGMA Gauteng
The turf industry brings the expertise relating to the production and maintenance of specialized
grasses and other ground covers required in the development and management of facilities for a
specific use, beautification, and recreation.
It should be noted that while SAGIC is an umbrella body, there are an array of other associations that are
currently not part of SAGIC but that also contribute significantly to the Green Industry such as the Institute
of Environment and Recreation Management (IERM), South African Sports and Play Industry (SASPI), Land
Rehabilitation Society of South Africa (LaRSSA) and National Spa and Pool Institute (NSPI) to list but a few.
The contribution that the Green Industry makes in terms of monetary value to the Gross Domestic Product
(GDP), did not form part of this study.
SAGIC – Status of the Green Industry – October 2020
114. STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATIONS (SIC)
4.1. The Significance of SIC Codes
Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) codes are four-digit numerical codes assigned to business
establishments to identify the primary business of the establishment. Established in the United States in
1937, it is used by government agencies across the world to classify industry areas. The classification was
developed to facilitate the collection, presentation and analysis of data; and to promote uniformity and
comparability in the presentation of statistical data collected by various agencies of the federal
government, state agencies and private organizations. The classification covers all economic activities.
(https://siccode.com/page/what-is-a-sic-code).
Subsequent to the development of the SIC system in the USA, numerous other countries have adopted
and adapted the system for various purposes. According to the Standard Industrial Classification, version
7 of 2012, the following are the Broad SIC categories for South Africa:
Table 2: SIC Sections
Source: Standard Industrial Classification, version 7 of 2012
In South Africa, the valid Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) Codes must be used for Employment Tax
Incentive (ETI) purposes. More recently, it was stated by the Department of Cooperative Governance
and Traditional Affairs (COGTA) that the SIC codes formed the basis for the List of Activities permitted to
be undertaken for each of the phases of lockdown during the COVID 19 Pandemic.
4.2. Summary of applicable SIC Codes
The SIC codes are published by Statistics South Africa (STATS SA). In terms of the Tool – SIC Coder V7,
that can be accessed on the Stats SA website, there are numerous codes that are allocated to activities
pertaining to the Green Industry. Below follows a listing of the SIC codes. Please be advised that this may
not be an exhaustive list. If any other activities have been omitted, please advise SAGIC accordingly.
SAGIC – Status of the Green Industry – October 2020
12Table 3: SIC Codes pertaining to Ornamental Horticulture
SIC
Description: Main Group:
Code:
Growing of plants for ornamental purposes, including turf for
01300 A - Agriculture, forestry and fishing
transplanting
01190 Living plants for planting or ornamental purposes growing A - Agriculture, forestry and fishing
01300 Bulbs growing A - Agriculture, forestry and fishing
01300 Growing of live plants for bulbs A - Agriculture, forestry and fishing
01300 Corms growing A - Agriculture, forestry and fishing
01130 Rhizomes growing A - Agriculture, forestry and fishing
G - Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor
46200 Trees or shrubs, potted, wholesaling
vehicles and motor cycles
72100 Genetic manipulation - seeds M - Professional, scientific and technical activities
72100 Seed hybridisation (laboratory) M - Professional, scientific and technical activities
G - Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor
47639 Garden seed retailing
vehicles and motor cycles
G - Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor
47639 Retail sale of seeds
vehicles and motor cycles
G - Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor
47639 Retail trade in seeds
vehicles and motor cycles
G - Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor
47639 Seedling retailing
vehicles and motor cycles
G - Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor
46200 Domestic seed wholesaling
vehicles and motor cycles
G - Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor
46200 Garden seed wholesaling
vehicles and motor cycles
G - Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor
46200 Seed merchant, independent
vehicles and motor cycles
G - Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor
46200 Wholesale of grains and seeds
vehicles and motor cycles
33120 Seed cleaning machine repairing C - Manufacturing
33120 Seeder repairing C - Manufacturing
Manufacture of agricultural machinery for soil preparation,
28210 planting or fertilizing: ploughs, manure spreaders, seeders, C - Manufacturing
harrows etc
Manufacture of machines for cleaning, sorting or grading eggs,
28210 fruit etc. (agricultural) (for manufacture of machinery to clean, sort C - Manufacturing
or grade seed, grain or dried leguminous vegetables see 2825)
28210 Seed cleaning machine manufacturing C - Manufacturing
28210 Seeder manufacturing C - Manufacturing
22200 Plastic seedtrays manufacturing C - Manufacturing
20210 Seed dressing manufacturing C - Manufacturing
20210 Seed fumigant manufacturing C - Manufacturing
17022 Paper seedpacket manufacturing C - Manufacturing
02300 Hieracium seed collecting/gathering A - Agriculture, forestry and fishing
02300 Uncultivated materials and seeds collecting/gathering A - Agriculture, forestry and fishing
Drying, cleaning, grading and treating of seeds until they are
01640 A - Agriculture, forestry and fishing
marketed
01640 Seed processing for propagation A - Agriculture, forestry and fishing
01640 Treatment of genetically modified seeds A - Agriculture, forestry and fishing
01630 Seed cleaning services A - Agriculture, forestry and fishing
01630 Seed dressing services A - Agriculture, forestry and fishing
SAGIC – Status of the Green Industry – October 2020
13SIC
Description: Main Group:
Code:
01630 Seed drying services A - Agriculture, forestry and fishing
01630 Seed grading services A - Agriculture, forestry and fishing
01630 Seed-packing service A - Agriculture, forestry and fishing
01610 Aerial seeding service A - Agriculture, forestry and fishing
01300 Seedling growing A - Agriculture, forestry and fishing
01300 Seedling plant growing A - Agriculture, forestry and fishing
01300 Seedling plant production A - Agriculture, forestry and fishing
01300 Seeds for flowers growing or production A - Agriculture, forestry and fishing
Seeds for fruit or vegetables production or growing (for
01300 A - Agriculture, forestry and fishing
propagation)
01300 Vegetable seed growing A - Agriculture, forestry and fishing
01280 Spice seeds growing A - Agriculture, forestry and fishing
01250 Growing of fruit seeds A - Agriculture, forestry and fishing
01190 Grass seed growing A - Agriculture, forestry and fishing
01190 Pasture seed growing A - Agriculture, forestry and fishing
01190 Flower seed growing A - Agriculture, forestry and fishing
01190 Growing of flower seeds (except sunflower seed) A - Agriculture, forestry and fishing
01130 Growing of vegetable seeds, except beet seeds A - Agriculture, forestry and fishing
Tree plant and tree bracing services for ornamental trees in
01610 A - Agriculture, forestry and fishing
nurseries
Source: https://apps.statsa.gov.za/web_SIC7/default.aspx - assessed on 8 May 2020
Table 4: SIC Codes pertaining to Landscape related activities
SIC
Description: Main Group:
Code:
81300 Landscape care and maintenance service activities N - Administrative and support services activities
81300 Landscape gardening in connection with planting N - Administrative and support services activities
81300 Landscape gardening services N - Administrative and support services activities
81300 Landscape maintenance services (by third party) N - Administrative and support services activities
71104 Consultancy service landscape M - Professional, scientific and technical activities
71102 Architectural consulting activities: landscape architecture M - Professional, scientific and technical activities
71102 Landscape architectural services (by third party) M - Professional, scientific and technical activities
Landscape planning and design in connection with planting,
71102 M - Professional, scientific and technical activities
stocking, trimming, supervise
G - Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor
47639 Landscape supplies retailing
vehicles and motor cycles
43309 Landscape construction services F - Construction
Source: https://apps.statsa.gov.za/web_SIC7/default.aspx - assessed on 8 May 2020
In the document: Standard Industrial Classification, version 7 of 2012, a Section N: Administrative and Support
Service Activities are described. Under this, Division 81 – Services to buildings and landscape activities, SIC code
8130 speaks specifically to ‘’Landscape care and maintenance service activities’’ and clearly sets out the
services that can be expected:
SAGIC – Status of the Green Industry – October 2020
14The reason that this specific aspect is highlighted here is because in light of the COVID-19 Lockdown Levels that
were promulgated by Government, together with the List of Activities permissible under each Level, the
landscape and gardening industry were not included in totality in the Regulations that were promulgated,
which were said to have been based on the main sections/categories/groups of the SIC determination. The
result of this was significant uncertainty as to the legitimate functioning of the landscape construction and
maintenance aspect of the Green Industry at the various levels.
This could have arisen as a result of the activities being listed under a heading with the title: “Section N:
Administrative and Support Service”. Unless someone is really familiar with the SIC Codes, one would not be
able to guess that an activity such as “landscape care and maintenance services activities” could be found under
this Section. The activity of “landscape care and maintenance service activities”, in terms of the way industry
sees itself, may possibly be better situated under the broad sections such as Section A – Agriculture (where
horticulture is included) or Section F – Construction.
SAGIC – Status of the Green Industry – October 2020
15Table 5: SIC Codes pertaining to Play Grounds
SIC
Description: Main Group:
Code:
O - Public administration and defence; compulsory
84123 Public playgrounds administration by local government
social security
Source: https://apps.statsa.gov.za/web_SIC7/default.aspx - assessed on 8 May 2020
Table 6: SIC Codes pertaining to Compost
SIC
Description: Main Group:
Code:
G - Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor
47639 Compost retail sales
vehicles and motor cycles
E - Water supply; sewerage, waste management
38210 Production of compost from organic waste
and remediation activities
E - Water supply; sewerage, waste management
38210 Compost production
and remediation activities
Manufacture of fertilizers: straight or complex nitrogenous
20120 fertilizers (for mining of guano, see 0891) (for operation of C - Manufacturing
compost dumps, see 3821)
Manufacture of fertilizers: straight or complex phosphatic
20120 fertilizers (for mining of guano, see 0891) (for operation of C - Manufacturing
compost dumps, see 3821)
Manufacture of fertilizers: straight or complex potassic fertilizers
20120 (for mining of guano, see 0891) (for operation of compost dumps, C - Manufacturing
see 3821)
Source: https://apps.statsa.gov.za/web_SIC7/default.aspx - assessed on 8 May 2020
Table 7: SIC Codes pertaining to Lawn
SIC
Description: Main Group:
Code:
95220 Lawn mower repairing services S - Other service activities.
95220 Lawn mower sharpening services S - Other service activities.
81300 Lawn and garden installation and maintenance N - Administrative and support services activities
81300 Lawn construction services N - Administrative and support services activities
81300 Lawnmowing services N - Administrative and support services activities
G - Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor
47420 Lawn mower retailing
vehicles and motor cycles
G - Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor
47420 Retail sale of lawnmowers, however operated
vehicles and motor cycles
G - Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor
47420 Retail trade in lawnmowers
vehicles and motor cycles
G - Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor
46530 Wholesale of lawn mowers however operated
vehicles and motor cycles
G - Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor
46499 Lawnmowers wholesaling
vehicles and motor cycles
43220 Installation of lawn sprinkler systems F - Construction
42900 Lawn construction, civil engineering F - Construction
32300 Lawn bowls equipment manufacturing C - Manufacturing
32300 Bowl lawn, ten pin or carpet manufacturing C - Manufacturing
28210 Lawn mowers manufacturing (electric) C - Manufacturing
28210 Manufacture of mowers, including lawnmowers C - Manufacturing
SAGIC – Status of the Green Industry – October 2020
1628210 Mowers manufacturing (lawn or hay) C - Manufacturing
25999 Lawn sprinkler, metal, manufacturing C - Manufacturing
25930 Hand lawn mower or hand roller manufacturing (non-electric) C - Manufacturing
25930 Lawn roller manufacturing C - Manufacturing
Source: https://apps.statsa.gov.za/web_SIC7/default.aspx - assessed on 8 May 2020
Table 8: SIC Codes pertaining to Turf
SIC
Description: Main Group:
Code:
93120 Pony turf club R - Arts, entertainment and recreation
42900 Artificial sports turf installation F - Construction
01610 Turf cutting and laying services A - Agriculture, forestry and fishing
Growing of plants for ornamental purposes, including turf for
01300 A - Agriculture, forestry and fishing
transplanting
01190 Turf growing (not in the wild) A - Agriculture, forestry and fishing
Source: https://apps.statsa.gov.za/web_SIC7/default.aspx - assessed on 8 May 2020
Table 9: SIC Codes pertaining to Irrigation
SIC
Description: Main Group:
Code:
G - Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor
47420 Irrigation equipment retail
vehicles and motor cycles
G - Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor
46530 Irrigation equipment (agricultural) wholesale
vehicles and motor cycles
G - Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor
46499 Irrigation equipment (households) wholesale
vehicles and motor cycles
42200 Huge irrigation systems installation (dams, canals) F - Construction
42200 Irrigation system construction F - Construction
42200 Construction of irrigation systems (canals) F - Construction
Operation of irrigation canals (irrigation services through
E - Water supply; sewerage, waste management
36000 sprinklers, and similar agricultural support services, is not
and remediation activities
included)
Water distribution (except water irrigation systems operated for E - Water supply; sewerage, waste management
36000
agricultural purposes) and remediation activities
Irrigation equipment manufacturing (except domestic type
28210 C - Manufacturing
sprinklers)
25119 Sheet metal irrigation pipe manufacturing C - Manufacturing
23950 Concrete irrigation pipe manufacturing C - Manufacturing
22200 Plastic irrigation equipment and pipes manufacturing C - Manufacturing
01610 Agricultural irrigation system service operation A - Agriculture, forestry and fishing
Canal maintenance, not involving construction (agricultural
01610 A - Agriculture, forestry and fishing
irrigation)
01610 Farm irrigation service A - Agriculture, forestry and fishing
01610 Irrigation systems operation for agricultural purposes A - Agriculture, forestry and fishing
Operation of agricultural irrigation equipment on a fee or contract
01610 A - Agriculture, forestry and fishing
basis
01610 Water irrigation systems operated for agricultural purposes A - Agriculture, forestry and fishing
Source: https://apps.statsa.gov.za/web_SIC7/default.aspx - assessed on 8 May 2020
SAGIC – Status of the Green Industry – October 2020
17Table 10: SIC Codes pertaining to Pest Control
SIC
Description: Main Group:
Code:
81290 Bee catching operation (pest control) N - Administrative and support services activities
81290 Domestic pest control services N - Administrative and support services activities
81290 Industrial pest control services N - Administrative and support services activities
20210 Pest control product manufacturing C - Manufacturing
20210 Formulated pest control product manufacturing C - Manufacturing
02400 Forestry service activities: forest pest control A - Agriculture, forestry and fishing
02400 Pest control service, forestry A - Agriculture, forestry and fishing
01610 Aerial pest control or baiting A - Agriculture, forestry and fishing
01610 Agricultural pest control services A - Agriculture, forestry and fishing
Pest control (including rabbits) in connection with agriculture on a
01610 A - Agriculture, forestry and fishing
fee or contract basis
Source: https://apps.statsa.gov.za/web_SIC7/default.aspx - assessed on 8 May 2020
Table 11: SIC Codes pertaining to Garden related activities
SIC
Description: Main Group:
Code:
Activities of households as employers of domestic personnel such
T - Activities of households as employers;
as maids, cooks, waiters, valets, butlers, laundresses, gardeners,
97000 undifferentiated goods- and services producing
gatekeepers, stable-lads, chauffeurs, caretakers, governesses,
activities of households for own use
babysitters, tutors, secretaries etc. It allows the domestic
T - Activities of households as employers;
97000 Gardener (private household) undifferentiated goods- and services producing
activities of households for own use
Associations for the pursuit of a cultural or recreational activity or
hobby (other than sports or games), e.g. poetry, literature and
94990 S - Other service activities.
book clubs, historical clubs, gardening clubs, film and photo clubs,
music and art clubs, craft and collectors’ clubs,
94990 Garden society operation S - Other service activities.
94990 Gardening clubs S - Other service activities.
91030 Botanical and zoological gardens and nature reserves activities R - Arts, entertainment and recreation
91030 Botanical garden operation R - Arts, entertainment and recreation
91030 Garden reservation operation R - Arts, entertainment and recreation
91030 Operation of botanical gardens R - Arts, entertainment and recreation
91030 Operation of zoological gardens, including children’s zoos R - Arts, entertainment and recreation
91030 Zoological garden operation R - Arts, entertainment and recreation
81300 Garden and streetscape planting N - Administrative and support services activities
81300 Garden design implementation N - Administrative and support services activities
81300 Garden planting services N - Administrative and support services activities
Gardening services for house-owners/businesses, including on
81300 N - Administrative and support services activities
contract
81300 Landscape gardening in connection with planting N - Administrative and support services activities
81300 Landscape gardening services N - Administrative and support services activities
81300 Lawn and garden installation and maintenance N - Administrative and support services activities
Planting, care and maintenance of parks and gardens (for
81300 N - Administrative and support services activities
operation of botanical gardens, see 9103)
SAGIC – Status of the Green Industry – October 2020
18SIC
Description: Main Group:
Code:
Gardening services for households, done on a fee or contract
81300 N - Administrative and support services activities
basis
G - Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor
47639 Garden centre supplies retailing
vehicles and motor cycles
G - Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor
47639 Garden ornaments retailing
vehicles and motor cycles
G - Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor
47639 Garden retail centre operation
vehicles and motor cycles
G - Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor
47639 Garden retail shop operation
vehicles and motor cycles
G - Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor
47639 Garden seed retailing
vehicles and motor cycles
G - Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor
47639 Garden supplies retailing
vehicles and motor cycles
G - Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor
47420 Garden tool retailing
vehicles and motor cycles
G - Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor
47420 Retail trade in hand tools and equipment for garden use
vehicles and motor cycles
G - Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor
46499 Garden tools wholesaling
vehicles and motor cycles
G - Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor
46200 Garden seed wholesaling
vehicles and motor cycles
43220 Garden drainage installation F - Construction
43220 Garden sprinkler system installation F - Construction
31000 Manufacture of furniture for bedrooms, living rooms, gardens etc C - Manufacturing
31000 Manufacture of garden chairs and seats C - Manufacturing
31000 Garden furniture wicker rattan manufacturing C - Manufacturing
31000 Wooden garden furniture manufacturing C - Manufacturing
31000 Wrought iron garden furniture manufacturing C - Manufacturing
31000 Plastic garden furniture manufacturing C - Manufacturing
25930 Garden tool manufacturing C - Manufacturing
23950 Concrete garden ornaments manufacturing C - Manufacturing
23950 Garden furniture manufacturing (cement, concrete or plaster) C - Manufacturing
23930 Garden pottery manufacturing C - Manufacturing
13940 Garden net manufacturing C - Manufacturing
01610 Market gardening A - Agriculture, forestry and fishing
01110 Garden pea growing A - Agriculture, forestry and fishing
Source: https://apps.statsa.gov.za/web_SIC7/default.aspx - assessed on 8 May 2020
4.3. SIC Codes in relation to the Green Industry
i. As per Section 4.1 above, there are twenty-one (21) individual SIC Code Main Groups. The Green
Industry, if one analyses the activities in terms of the lists provided in Section 4.2, straddles eleven
(11) of the broad categories which is just over 50% of the Main Groups. The Main Groups that the
Green Industry straddles can be summarised as follows:
A - Agriculture, forestry and fishing
C - Manufacturing
E - Water supply; sewerage, waste management and remediation activities
F - Construction
G - Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles and motor cycles
M - Professional, scientific and technical activities
N - Administrative and support services activities
SAGIC – Status of the Green Industry – October 2020
19O - Public administration and defence; compulsory social security
R - Arts, entertainment and recreation
S - Other service activities.
T - Activities of households as employers; undifferentiated goods and services producing activities
of households for own use
ii. The SIC Codes, in our understanding, form the basis against which the Skills Development Levies (SDL)
are allocated to a Sector Education and Training Authority (SETA). The SETAs have a specific mandate
in terms of the Main Group to provide qualifications and training opportunities for individuals in the
related sector. Therefore, each business when it is registered with the Companies and Intellectual
Property Commission (CIPC), it is supposed to identify the SIC Code which best describes the nature
of its business and will accordingly pay the SDL over to the South African Revenue Service (SARS) who
in turn pays it over to the relevant SETA. The SETA will then dispense the funds in terms of the needs
relating to specific qualification development and associated training.
iii. In terms of the Landscape Construction and Maintenance falling under the broad category of
Administrative and Support Service – it may be worth the effort for the Green Industry to either:
a) investigate if this is the most appropriate Main Group to be included in, and if not,
establish how feasible it is to begin a process of moving these codes to a better suited
Main Group or developing a new Main Group all together, or
b) undertake an advocacy initiative to educate and assist businesses in selecting the correct
SIC code upon business registration in order to maximize the benefit in terms of the SDL.
5. POST SCHOOL LEARNING INSTITUTIONS
5.1. Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET)
There are fifty (50) public registered and accredited public TVET Colleges in South Africa which operate
on around 364 campuses spread across the rural and urban areas of the country. Public TVET Colleges
are established and operated under the authority of the Continuing Education and Training Act, Act 16
of 2006, and resort under the Department of Higher Education and Training (DHET). Previously these
colleges were known as Further Education and Training (FET) Colleges. Each region has a DHET regional
office that provides specialised professional support to the public TVET Colleges in the provinces.
Table 12: List of Public TVET Colleges per province
Kwa Zulu Natal (9) Eastern Cape (8)
Coastal TVET College Buffalo City TVET College
Elangeni TVET College Eastcape Midlands TVET College
Esayidi TVET College Ikhala TVET College
Majuba TVET College Ingwe TVET College
Mnambithi TVET College King Hintsa TVET College
Mthashana TVET College King Sabata Dalindyebo TVET College
Thekwini TVET College Lovedale TVET College
Umfolozi TVET College Port Elizabeth TVET College
Umgungundlovu TVET College
Gauteng (8) Limpopo (7)
Central Johannesburg TVET College Capricorn TVET College
Ekurhuleni East TVET College Lephalale TVET College
Ekurhuleni West TVET College Letaba TVET College
Sedibeng TVET College Mopani South TVET College
South West Gauteng TVET College Sekhukhune TVET College
Tshwane North TVET College Vhembe TVET College
Tshwane South TVET College Waterberg TVET College
Western College for TVET
SAGIC – Status of the Green Industry – October 2020
20Western Cape (6) Free State (4)
Boland TVET College Flavius Mareka TVET College
College of Cape Town Goldfields TVET College
False Bay TVET College Maluti TVET College
Northlink TVET College Motheo TVET College
South Cape TVET College
West Coast TVET College
Mpumalanga (3) North West (3)
Ehlanzeni TVET College Orbit TVET College
Gert Sibande TVET College Taletso TVET College
Nkangala TVET College Vuselela TVET College
Northern Cape (2)
Northern Cape Rural TVET College
Northern Cape Urban TVET College
Source: https://nationalgovernment.co.za/units/type/9/tvet-college
Private Colleges are operated under the prescriptions of Chapter 6 of the Continuing Education and
Training Act, Act 16 of 2006. The Director-General of the DHET (or his designate) is the Registrar of
private colleges. These have not been included in this study.
At the TVET Colleges underlined above, Primary Agriculture is offered as a National Certificate Vocational
(NCV) at NQF levels 2 - 4. It is a programme that has a component of Plant Production and in most
brochures, it advises that graduates can work in horticulture, botanical gardens, nurseries etc. It is
astounding that only 16 out of 50 TVET Colleges have programmes that relate to qualifications in the
agricultural domain of which plant production seems to form a small part across the entire spectrum of
primary agriculture.
A search was undertaken on the official DHET TVET colleges webpage to ascertain if any
courses/programmes relevant to the Green Industry are offered. The search focused on the terms
“ornamental horticulture’’, ‘’landscaping’’ and ‘’gardening’’, but no results were found. The individual
colleges were emailed to confirm this finding, and disturbingly, many of the emails were returned as
undeliverable and only two responses were received confirming that no courses/programmes relating
to the three topics were being offered at that contacted TVET college. It would therefore seem that there
are no dedicated courses/programmes being offered that focus on skills development needs of the
Green Industry.
5.2. Universities of Technology (UoT)
Public universities in South Africa are divided into three types: traditional universities, which offer
theoretically oriented university degrees; universities of technology ("technikons"), which offer
vocational oriented diplomas and degrees; and comprehensive universities, which offer a combination
of both types.
The table below lists the seven (7) Universities of Technology in South Africa and gives a description of
the Faculties with the associated Departments that may have courses/programmes that could be
relevant to the Green Industry.
SAGIC – Status of the Green Industry – October 2020
21Table 13: Description of the Faculties and Departments of the Universities of Technology
Name Description
1 Cape Peninsula University Department of Applied Science:
of Technology (CPUT) ✓ Agriculture
(Cape Town) ✓ Conservation and Marine Science
✓ Environmental and Occupational Studies
✓ Horticultural Sciences (includes landscape programmes)
2 Central University of Faculty of Engineering, Built Environment and Information
Technology Technology:
(Bloemfontein) ✓ Engineering: Hydrology and Water Resources Management
Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences
✓ Environmental Health
3 Durban University of Faculty of Applied Sciences
Technology (DUT) ✓ Department of Horticulture
(Durban)
4 Mangosuthu University of Faculty of Natural Science
Technology ✓ Department of Agriculture
(Umlasi) ✓ Department of Environmental Health
✓ Department of Nature Conservation
5 Tshwane University of Faculty of Science
Technology (TUT) ✓ Environmental Health
(Tshwane) ✓ Environmental, Water and Earth Sciences
✓ Horticulture
✓ Nature Conservation
6 Vaal University of No courses or programmes directly relating to the Green Industry
Technology
(Vanderbijlpark)
7 Walter Sisulu University of No courses or programmes directly relating to the Green Industry
Technology and Science
(Mthatha)
For the purposes of this study, detail investigations into the content of the various courses/programmes
listed above has not been undertaken. For this reason, references to ‘’agriculture’’ have been included
as there may be components thereof that are relevant to the ornamental horticultural industry at large.
Although Nature Conservation is not a focus area of SAGIC at this stage, it would not be prudent to not
include this activity as it is a key qualification associated with the conservation, restoration and
rehabilitation of our natural environments.
5.3. Universities
Table 14 below lists the nineteen (19) public Universities of South Africa and gives a description of the
Faculties with the associated Departments that may have courses/programmes that may be relevant to
the Green Industry.
SAGIC – Status of the Green Industry – October 2020
22Table 14: Description of the Faculties and Departments of the Universities
Name Description
1 Nelson Mandela ✓ Have a school of Environmental Science that has a Department of
Metropolitan University Agriculture and Game Ranch Management as well as a Department
of Botany.
✓ Under careers associated with the Department of Agriculture and
Game Ranch Management, it mentions that there is an opportunity
in nurseries and other plant production practices.
✓ No information is available on the website as to what the Botany
Department is offering. It would seem that this is only for
Postgraduate studies.
✓ There is a School of Natural Resource Management that offers
Nature Conservation and is linked to the School of Environmental
Science.
2 North-West University ✓ There is a Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences which has a
School of Agricultural Science. It would appear that no courses
offered here are relevant to the Green Industry.
3 Rhodes University ✓ A Faculty of Science is home to the Departments of Biological
Sciences and Earth and Environmental Sciences. Within these broad
departments; Botany, Entomology, and Environmental Sciences there
could be courses/programmes that may be relevant to the Green
Industry.
4 Sefako Makgatho Health ✓ This used to be known as the Medical University of South Africa and
Sciences University would therefore not have courses/programmes relevant to the
Green Industry.
5 Sol Plaatje University ✓ This University opened its doors in 2014. It has a School of Natural
and Applied Sciences. From the information available on the website,
it would seem that no Natural Science qualifications are being
offered as yet.
6 University of Cape Town ✓ UCT has a Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment as well as
one of Science.
✓ The former faculty is home to a postgraduate programme in
landscape architecture.
✓ The latter faculty has departments of Biological Sciences and
Environmental and Geographical Sciences where there may be
courses/programmes relevant to the Green Industry.
7 University of Fort Hare ✓ This University has a Faculty of Science and Agriculture.
✓ The Department of Agronomy includes the discipline of horticulture.
✓ Botany, Geography and Environmental Sciences, Microbiology,
Zoology and Entomology are also covered here.
8 University of ✓ The Faculty of Science has a Department of Botany and Plant
Johannesburg Biotechnology. As well as Geography and Environmental
Management and Energy Studies where there may be
courses/programmes relevant to the Green Industry.
9 University of KwaZulu- ✓ The College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science offers
Natal programmes in Agriculture, Agricultural Plant Sciences, Plant
Pathology, Crop and Horticultural Science, Environmental Science
and Environmental Earth Science.
SAGIC – Status of the Green Industry – October 2020
23Name Description
10 University of Limpopo ✓ The Faculty of Science and Agriculture is home to:
✓ School of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences that has a
Department of Plant Production, Soil Science and Remote
sensing.
✓ School of Molecular and Life Sciences has a Department of
Biodiversity that consists of disciplines in Botany and Zoology.
11 University of ✓ This university opened its doors in 2014. It has a Faculty of
Mpumalanga Agriculture and Natural Sciences.
✓ The School of Agricultural Sciences offers a diploma in Plant
Production.
✓ The School of Biology and Environmental Sciences has a predominant
Nature Conservation focus.
12 University of Pretoria ✓ The Faculty of Engineering, Built Environmental and Information
Technology is home to the School of the Built Environment in which
the Department of Architecture can be found. This Department
offers an undergraduate and post graduate programmes for
landscape architecture. The undergraduate programme in landscape
architecture is however in the process of phasing out.
✓ The Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences contains the
Department of Plant and Soil Sciences.
13 University of South ✓ One of the Colleges of UNISA is the Agriculture and Environmental
Africa Sciences College that is made up of the School of Agriculture and Life
Sciences and The School of Ecological and Human Sustainability.
✓ The Department of Environmental Sciences has numerous core focus
areas that include environmental management and environmental
science, nature conservation and horticulture and landscaping.
14 University of ✓ The Faculty of AgriSciences has Departments such as Conservation
Stellenbosch Ecology, Forest and Wood Science, Horticultural Sciences, Soil
Science and Plant Pathology.
✓ Horticulture is defined by the Department as the science, technology
and business involved in intensive plant cultivation for human use –
from a garden to activities of a multinational corporation. One of the
few Departments that mentions cut – flowers in the brochure.
15 University of the Free ✓ The Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences offers programmes
State in Plant Sciences, Zoology and Entomology in the Natural Sciences
section.
✓ Agricultural Sciences are specific to Animal, Wildlife and Grassland
Sciences as well as Soil, Crop and Climate Sciences.
16 University of the ✓ The Faculty of Natural Sciences has a Department of Biodiversity and
Western Cape Conservation Biology as well as a Department of Earth Sciences that
that combines the disciplines of applied geology and environmental
and water sciences.
17 University of the ✓ The Faculty of Science is home to Animal, Plant and Environmental
Witwatersrand Sciences as well as Geography, Archaeology and Environmental
Sciences.
18 University of Venda ✓ A School of Agriculture has Departments in Forestry, Horticultural
Sciences, Plant Production and Soil Sciences.
✓ The Department of Horticultural Sciences offers a diverse range of
qualifications and advocates that graduates can pursue careers in
horticulture crop production, floristry, nursery production, landscape
horticulture and maintenance service industries.
✓ The School of Environmental Sciences has numerous departments.
Ecological and Resources Management, Environmental Advisory and
SAGIC – Status of the Green Industry – October 2020
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