Village and Hamlet Core Design Guidelines - Township of Smith-Ennismore-Lakefield
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Township of Smith-Ennismore-Lakefield Village and Hamlet Core Design Guidelines GSP Group & RCI Consulting May 2012 (FINAL)
Contents
1 Introduction .................................................................................................. 1
1.1 Background ........................................................................................................................ 1
1.2 Purpose .............................................................................................................................. 1
1.3 Application.......................................................................................................................... 2
1.4 Design Areas...................................................................................................................... 2
2 Design Character ......................................................................................... 3
2.1 Lakefield Village Core ........................................................................................................ 3
2.2 Bridgenorth Village Core .................................................................................................... 5
2.3 Ennismore Hamlet Core ..................................................................................................... 7
2.4 Young’s Point Hamlet Core ................................................................................................ 9
3 Design Principles ...................................................................................... 11
4 Street Design Guidelines .......................................................................... 13
4.1 Roadway ...........................................................................................................................13
4.2 Crosswalks ........................................................................................................................14
4.3 Curb extensions ................................................................................................................15
4.4 Sidewalks and boulevards ................................................................................................16
4.5 Street trees........................................................................................................................17
4.6 Ground Plantings ..............................................................................................................19
4.7 Street Lighting ...................................................................................................................22
4.8 Street Furnishings .............................................................................................................23
Township of Smith-Ennismore-Lakefield i
4.9 Entrance features ..............................................................................................................24
4.10 Wayfinding features ..........................................................................................................25
4.11 Public art ...........................................................................................................................26
5 Site Design Guidelines............................................................................... 27
5.1 Site Plantings ....................................................................................................................27
5.2 Decorative Fences/Walls ..................................................................................................29
5.3 Parking Areas....................................................................................................................30
5.4 Site Lighting ......................................................................................................................31
5.5 Utility and Service Areas ...................................................................................................32
5.6 Sidewalk Amenity Areas ...................................................................................................33
5.7 Ground signs .....................................................................................................................34
5.8 Portable signs ...................................................................................................................35
6 Building Design Guidelines ...................................................................... 36
6.1 Building Style ....................................................................................................................36
6.2 Building Proportions ..........................................................................................................37
6.3 Building Scale ...................................................................................................................38
6.4 Building Placement ...........................................................................................................39
7 Façade Design Guidelines ........................................................................ 40
7.1 Materials............................................................................................................................40
7.2 Colour................................................................................................................................43
7.3 Storefront windows............................................................................................................44
7.4 Doors and entranceways ..................................................................................................45
7.5 Fascia signs ......................................................................................................................46
ii Village and Hamlet Core Design Guidelines
7.6 Hanging signs ...................................................................................................................47
7.7 Window signs ....................................................................................................................48
7.8 Awnings.............................................................................................................................49
7.9 Upper Storey Windows .....................................................................................................50
7.10 Roofline .............................................................................................................................51
7.11 Wall murals .......................................................................................................................52
8 Site Demonstrations.................................................................................. 53
8.1 Purpose and Intent ............................................................................................................53
8.2 Demonstration 1 ................................................................................................................54
8.3 Demonstration 2 ................................................................................................................55
8.4 Demonstration 3 ................................................................................................................56
Township of Smith-Ennismore-Lakefield iii
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1 Introduction
1.1 Background
Urban design speaks to how the built environment is composed and arranged and how the different
elements interact. For the Township of Smith-Ennismore-Lakefield, urban design is an important
planning tool that can be used for maintaining and enhancing a recognizable image for the Township,
enhancing the quality of life, and promoting greater economic vitality. Given the importance of good
design for small town main streets, the Village and Hamlet Core Design Guidelines (referenced as “the
Design Guidelines” throughout this document) are meant to be a design tool that provides “mid-level”
guidance for design, operating between the general policies, principles and objectives of the County of
Peterborough Official Plan, which acts as the Township’s Official Plan, and the specific details and
plans of the development review process.
1.2 Purpose
The Design Guidelines express the Township’s design expectations for development review and are
intended to facilitate high quality design within the Township. They are intended to be a flexible guide
for the design and development of new developments and improvements to properties and existing
buildings within the core areas of the villages and hamlets with the Township (see Design Areas
below). The design guidance offered by the Design Guidelines is focused on the design and
development of commercial and mixed-use buildings within the commercial areas, rather than
residential or other land use types. The overall intent of the Design Guidelines is to raise the standard
for high quality, well-designed projects that support the small scale and pedestrian-oriented
developments that complement, and enhance, the existing nature and character of the core areas.
Township of Smith-Ennismore-Lakefield 1
1.3 Application
The Design Guidelines are intended to be used by all participants involved in the planning and design
process. These participants include: (a) property owners and developers when planning and designing
their projects and developments and when preparing applications for planning approvals; (b) by the
Town when reviewing applications for planning and development approvals; (c) by property and
business owners when preparing applications for financial incentives that may be offered; (d) by the
Township when evaluating, applications for financial incentive programs that may be offered as part of
a Community Improvement Plan; and (e) by the Township when undertaking streetscape improvement
projects and other public projects throughout the core areas.
The Design Guidelines apply to all properties within the core areas, focusing on the design and
development of commercial or mixed-use developments with commercial ground floors. They are
meant to provide design guidance, with the understanding that they are to be applied on a case-by-
case basis and are not meant to be a “checklist”, in that every guideline applies, but rather that the
specific situation of the particular building determines how they are to be applied. Furthermore, they
are not meant to be read as “policies” or “regulations”, but rather are to be used as a flexible guidance
tool during the planning and design process for development and redevelopment of land within the
Township’s core areas that will be applied in a flexible fashion so as to not restrict creativity in design.
1.4 Design Areas
The Design Guidelines were prepared specifically in support of the Township of Smith-Ennismore-
Lakefield Community Improvement Plan, a document that provides a comprehensive strategy for the
improvement of the community core areas of Lakefield, Bridgenorth, Ennismore and Young’s Point.
Not all of the Design Guidelines will be equally applicable or relevant to all four study areas, given the
different conditions and characteristics of the respective area, and thus have to be interpreted and
utilized on a community-by-community basis and on a site-by-site basis. Focusing on commercial and
mixed-use main street development, the Design Guidelines may, at the discretion of the Township, be
utilized for other properties or areas outside of the community core areas as warranted.
2 Village and Hamlet Core Design Guidelines
2 Design Character
2.1 Lakefield Village Core
2.1.1 History
Located in the eastern portion of the Township, the Village of Lakefield is the Township’s largest
settlement. Lakefield emerged as a key prospering village in the County due to its connections to the
railine from Peterborough and its situation on the Otonabee River. Settled beginning in the 1830s,
Lakefield prospered largely based on the water power from the large water volumes from Lake
Katchewanooka and the significant lumber supplies in the area. Emerging as a centre for lumber and
milling operations, significant growth began to occur in the 1850s with the emergence of
accommodations, stores and churches to serve the surrounding community and lumber labour force.
Industry and manufacturing followed in the village as it became a centre within the County.
2.1.2 Design Context
The Lakefield Village Core is composed of two distinct design sub-areas. The central “core” area is
characteristically a traditional main street environment with buildings typically located tight to the street
edge, a more intimate pedestrian atmosphere, many examples of traditional heritage architecture
(both commercial and residential in form), and numerous multiple storey buildings. The “shoulder”
areas located at central core’s ends are a more contemporary commercial street, with buildings
located further from the street edge, an atmosphere more defined by the automobile, more examples
of contemporary, utilitarian architecture, and principally single storey buildings.
Township of Smith-Ennismore-Lakefield 3
2.1.3 Vision
The LOOK: A place that celebrates its traditional village appearance defined by its small scale and fine-
grained streets, buildings, and spaces. It is a place with heritage features and façades that are
preserved, protected and retrieved as part of its traditional character, with new contemporary
developments that sensitively fit with this character. It has streetscapes that are visually appealing, with
a seamless visual transition between its traditional core area and its contemporary ends. It has a
distinct waterfront look that is tied to its water connections. It has a series of distinct yet coordinated
building facades and business signage.
The FUNCTION: A place that is a comfortable walking
environment, while still accommodating those arriving by
vehicles. It is a connected place with safe and comfortable
pedestrian connections between its traditional core area
and its more contemporary ends. It provides numerous
opportunities for parking through the core, including both
on-street and off-street spaces. It has well-maintained
public infrastructure, including both the “seen” above
ground infrastructure and the “unseen” below ground
infrastructure. It incorporates the waterfront into the fabric
of the core as an integral component of the day-to-day
function of the community. It is a place that accommodates
all components of the demographic profile, from youth to
seniors, in terms of uses and activities. It is a complete
community that provides all of the necessary day-to-day
functions of residents and visitors.
The FEEL: A place that emphasizes its quaint, friendly, intimate, welcoming, and traditional
atmosphere. It is a place that embraces all facets of its history, including its cultural, architectural,
natural, and economic heritage. It has a clear sense of pride in its built form, with well maintained and
visually attractive streets, buildings and spaces. It recognizes the role that the waterfront has played
and will play in the area’s future. It is innovative and sustainable, all the while preserving its small
scale, village feel.
4 Village and Hamlet Core Design Guidelines
2.2 Bridgenorth Village Core
2.1.1 History
The Village of Bridgenorth is located in the southern area of the Township in what was formerly the
Township of Smith. Smith Township was one of the first areas in the County opened up to settlement,
after being surveyed in 1818. Settled based on the agricultural capabilities of the area, the Township
began to prosper in the late 1820s with the establishment of a grist mill in the area and thrived on the
production of grain and fruit in the area. The village of Bridgenorth situated on Lake Chemong has its
roots in the 1840s, growing with the growth of steam navigation on the surrounding lakes and
particularly with its connection to Bobcaygeon. The bridge across Chemong Lake at Bridgenorth
resulted in most traffic from Ennismore Township travelling through the village. Bridge north grew as a
service centre in the community, for both residents and tourists, with shops, services and
accommodation needs. The Bridgenorth Village Core now provides a range of retail and service
commercial uses to local residents and seasonal cottagers from the surrounding area.
2.1.2 Design Context
The Bridgenorth Village Core is characteristically a more “arterial” main street in form, as compared to
the “traditional” main street form of Lakefield. Generally, the area is a more car-oriented form of
development with a coarse-grained built form pattern consisting of larger building footprints, generous
off-street parking areas located in the front yards of properties, predominately one storey buildings set
back further from the street edge, and a contemporary and utilitarian style and form of architecture.
From a streetscape perspective, the challenges in the Bridgenorth Village Core include a relatively
barren look in terms of plantings and greenery as well as a discontinuous and varied form and
treatment of pedestrian infrastructure in the area.
Township of Smith-Ennismore-Lakefield 52.2.3 Vision
The LOOK: A place that has a distinct visual identity that is particular to Bridgenorth and sets it apart
from other communities in the Township and the surrounding area. It is a place that embraces the
James Gifford Causeway and celebrates the waterfront as an integral feature of the community’s
historic presence. It connects with a visually more appealing Causeway that physically and visually
links Bridegenorth and Ennismore. It is has a greener and softer Ward Street streetscape that
features more plantings and amenities, coupled with well-designed and attractive looking business
storefronts and signage, which are maintained over time to preserve their attractive look and provide
evidence of care of ownership. It has softer, greener interface where the edges of properties with
more contemporary developments abut with the street edge.
The FUNCTION: A place that continues to function as the day-
to-day service centre for residents and visitors in the
surrounding area, albeit it with a more complete offering of uses
and activities within the village core, including services, unique
shops, residences, and gathering places. It capitalizes on the
village core’s potential as a complete community with the
provision of municipal water and sewer infrastructure. It has
safer and more comfortable pedestrian movements along and
across Ward Street with a continuous system of moving people
on foot, including more connections and access to the
waterfront. It has calmer and more efficient traffic patterns along
Ward Street in terms of intersections, turning movements, traffic
calming, and access.
The FEEL: A place that demonstrates its small scale, village
feel and that celebrates its history and context along Chemong
Lake. It has welcoming entrances from all directions that invite
visitors to stay and explore. It has improvements to its streets and buildings that incorporate
principles of a traditional main street but which cater to the uniqueness of Bridgenorth and set it apart
from other communities. It is a place that builds on a thriving tourism environment by further
connecting the waterfront to the businesses, and the businesses to the waterfront. It builds on the
work and improvements of community groups in making further improvements.
6 Village and Hamlet Core Design Guidelines2.3 Ennismore Hamlet Core
2.3.1 History
The Hamlet of Ennismore is located in the northwestern area of the Township of Smith-Ennismore-
Lakefield, in what was formerly the Township of Ennismore. Surveyed in the 1820s, settlement of
Ennismore Township utilized the rich and fertile soils in the area for the farming industry as its base.
The hamlet of Ennismore grew up in the centre of the Township as the service centre for the
agricultural community, small in scale containing a limited shops and service shops, as well as a
school and church. Lying on a natural direct route from Peterborough to Bobcaygeon, travel was
made difficult until the establishment of a bridge at Bridgenorth.
2.3.2 Design Context
The Ennismore Hamlet Core currently consists of two separate and distinct sub-areas. The northern
area is typical of a rural commercial crossroads with a quintessentially residential feel to the form of
buildings, multi-storey in height and high quality traditional architecture features and elements. The
southern area is typical of a roadway commercial cluster, which includes off-street parking areas
located in the front yards of properties, one storey buildings set back further from the street edge, and
a contemporary and utilitarian style and form of architecture. Both areas feature rural road cross-
section with a combination of ditches and paved or graveled shoulders, limited sidewalks (northern
area only) and little to no streetscape amenities such as benches or decorative light standards.
Township of Smith-Ennismore-Lakefield 72.3.3 Vision
The LOOK: A place that emphasizes its small scale, rural character throughout improvements to its
streets and buildings. It is a place with an improved streetscape quality at the eastern “causeway”
cluster and the western “crossroads” cluster, which are physically separate but are to be visually
connected. It preserves and enhances its distinct architectural character at the crossroads, and
incorporate streetscape improvements and amenities that are in keeping with the hamlet’s small scale
rural character and identity. It has improved building conditions and building signage at the eastern
cluster that provide a better impression for travelers.
The FUNCTION: A place that it is a more complete hamlet core that provides additional day-to-day
services and functions that serve the local community as well as uses and activities that cater to
visitors. At the western cluster, it is a place that is the defined core of the hamlet, that is compact and
easily walkable among the four corners of the crossroads, and that is safely and comfortably
connected between the crossroads and the recreation complex to the east. At the eastern cluster, it
is a place that better accommodates visitors during the summer months as a recreational cluster,
including access, connections, uses and parking along the waterfront. Altogether, it is a place that
one can easily move by walking, biking or driving with both transportation
infrastructure and directional signage to accommodate these movements.
The FEEL: A place that exemplifies a quaint, walkable, and small village feel
set within a rural atmosphere and context. It has a welcoming feel at both the
eastern and western clusters, each with a specific feel and focus: an intimate
crossroads feel at the western cluster that capitalizes on a potential arts or local
theatre theme; and an open waterfront feel at the eastern cluster that buildings
on the context of the Chemong Lake.
8 Village and Hamlet Core Design Guidelines2.4 Young’s Point Hamlet Core
2.4.1 History
The Hamlet of Young’s Point is located in the northeastern area of the Township of Smith-Ennismore-
Lakefield, in what was formerly the Township of Smith. This small hamlet is situated at the
convergence of Clear Lake and Katchewanooka Lake, to which it generally owes its existence. Named
after the postmaster and lockmaster in the area, Patrick Young, the hamlet has its settlement roots in
the later 1820s. The hamlet featured milling operations, including grist, lumber and shingle mills, as
well as the dams across the watercourse. Young’s Point grew as a service centre for the surrounding
community for accommodations, supplies and churches.
2.4.2 Design Context
The Young’s Point Hamlet Core is characteristically a small scale “off-the-beaten track” commercial
crossroads along the Trent Severn Waterway. It has a distinct rural service cluster feel to it, with
activity focused around the intersection River Avenue and Nathaway Drive in a number of two storey
buildings featuring a residential architectural style, and a rural “unimproved” feel to the streetscape
throughout the area. Connections to the hamlet core on the south side of the Waterway, as part of the
Township of Douro-Dummer remain visually apparent.
Township of Smith-Ennismore-Lakefield 92.4.3 Vision
The LOOK: A place that celebrates it small scale, off-the-beaten
track character and look. It is a place that has well-maintained
building and properties that are visually attractive and promote a
sense of pride of ownership. It has an improved central intersection
and streetscape that provides a defined focus for the hamlet core,
yet which fits with the overall character look of the area. It
accommodates the addition of small scale buildings, sensitively
incorporated into the existing built fabric, that complement the
existing character of the hamlet core. It is inextricably linked to the
Trent Severn Waterway and the natural features surrounding the
waterfront which provide a distinct look to the hamlet core.
The FUNCTION: A place that is more than just a summer
destination, but rather one that has more activities and destinations
throughout all four seasons. It is a safe, friendly and accessible
environment for all users, including families with children and
seniors. It is a place where the northern (in Smith-Ennismore-
Lakefield) and southern (in Douro-Dummer) parts of Young’s Point, divided by the Waterway and
connected by the Old Highway 28 bridge, are united visually and physically as a cohesive core. It is
well connected to its surrounding context with a continuous walking system, including connecting
surrounding residential areas, trails, pathways, and the broader community. It is more accommodating
to visitors arriving by vehicles, including welcoming signage and expanded parking opportunities. It is
easily navigated by visitors to the hamlet core, both those arriving from Highway 28 and those arriving
by the Waterway.
The FEEL: A place that embraces its distinct historic and “cottage country” feel alongside the
Waterway. It embraces and celebrates this historic and natural context that the Waterway
establishes, and capitalizes on the distinct opportunities that are presented through education and
promotion. It is a place that that is attractive and welcoming to visitors, drawing them from Highway
28 to this “off-the-beaten track” hamlet core. It accommodates additions to the built form fabric and
the key streetscape within the hamlet core that are complementary to the desired feel for the area.
10 Village and Hamlet Core Design Guidelines3 Design Principles
The Township of Smith-Ennismore-Lakefield prides itself on a blend of its ample recreational
opportunities; its numerous connections to waterfronts; its rural and agricultural environment; its roots
in local history; its economy catering to visitors and tourists; and its small scale, intimate and friendly
settings. This is the identity that makes up the Township of Smith-Ennismore-Lakefield, which is
largely shared by the four communities of Lakefield, Bridgenorth, Ennismore and Young’s Point.
Below: Small scale community cores adjacent Building on this identity, the Design Guidelines are meant to foster the sensitive enhancement of the
to waterfronts are a defining characteristic of buildings, properties and streets within the village and hamlet cores within the Township in keeping
Smith-Ennismore-Lakefield’s identity. with the overall desired vision and character for each particular area.
A set of design principles form the foundation of the design guidance in
the Village and Hamlet Core Design Guidelines. These design principles
are meant to be the general, higher level guidance to new developments
and property and building improvements, while forming the foundation for
the more specific design guidelines outlined for particular elements.
While the application of the design guidelines are flexible and are
intended to be interpreted and applied on a case-by-case basis, all new
developments and all improvements to existing properties and buildings
are to be consistent with all of the design principles.
Township of Smith-Ennismore-Lakefield 11The design principles for new developments and improvements to properties and buildings within the
village and hamlet cores of Lakefield, Bridgenorth, Ennismore and Young’s Point are as follows:
1. Small-scale: new developments and improvements to existing buildings that reinforce the
existing small-scale, fine-grained nature of the core areas in terms of building size and form.
2. Connected: new developments and site improvements that are designed be connect with the
surrounding community in terms of pedestrian and vehicle linkages, main street linkages, and
waterfront linkages.
3. Traditional: new buildings and improvements to existing buildings that are designed to fit with
the traditional style and character of heritage buildings within the core areas in terms of façade
proportions, rhythm, and balance.
4. Green: new developments and site improvements that are designed to enhance the “greenness”
of the community through landscape additions that soften the visual appearance of the core area.
5. Complementary: new developments and improvements to existing buildings that are designed
to complement the existing architectural styles within the core areas and not overshadow the
existing character of the area.
6. Character: new developments and improvements to existing buildings that are designed to be in
keeping with the intended character of the particular core area, whether a residential form,
commercial form or mixed form of development.
7. Precedent: new buildings and improvements to existing buildings that are designed using the
best built form and architecture examples within the particular core area as guidance.
8. Sustainable: new developments and improvements that are designed to incorporate sustainable
practices and initiatives through the design of buildings and the layout of sites.
12 Village and Hamlet Core Design Guidelines4
“If we can develop and design streets so that they are
Street Design Guidelines
4.1 Roadway
wonderful, fulfilling places to be – community-building Design Objective:
places, attractive for all people – then we will have
successfully designed about one-third of the city directly and Roadways that accommodate vehicle travel lanes and potentially on-street parking spaces and
will have had an immense impact on the rest.” bicycle lanes in a safe and efficient fashion.
- “Great Streets” by Alan Jacobs Design Guidelines:
a) Vehicle lane widths through the core areas should be minimized, keeping in mind
safety and efficiency for all transportation modes. Tighter vehicle lane widths should
be used in the core areas, preferably 3.25 to 3.5 metres in width.
b) On-street parking should be considered for all streets within the core areas where land
use activity fronts the street and is directly accessible from the street. On-street
parking spaces should be at least 2.5 metres in width.
c) Dedicated parking spaces for specialty vehicles, such as transit shuttles or mobility
vehicles, should be considered and should be coordinated with accessible ramps to
the sidewalk and any curb extensions at intersections.
d) Dedicated lanes for bicycles should be considered to provide a more comfortable
space for riders. Where right-of-way width permits, dedicated and marked on-street
bicycle lanes should be at least 1.5 metres in width, or 1.8 metres where such lanes
are adjacent to on-street parking spaces. Where space does not permit, shared
vehicular lanes that are 4.0 to 4.25 metres in width should be considered.
e) Ensure shared vehicle lanes have clearly defined pavement markings indicating the
shared nature as well as signage identifying bicycle routes where necessary.
Above: the roadway portion of the street is a key people-mover
through a downtown or main street area, but is only one part of a
successful street.
Township of Smith-Ennismore-Lakefield 134.2 Crosswalks
Design Objective:
Defined pedestrian crosswalks that physically and visually identify, to both drivers and walkers,
pedestrian routes across vehicular routes assisting with the creation of a comfortable walking
environment.
Design Guidelines:
a) Crosswalks are generally located at signalized or stop-controlled intersections within the
four core areas, extending from curb to curb across the roadway.
b) Crosswalks should be at least 3.0 metres in width extending from curb to curb in a
direct route across the roadway and preferably should have an interior field (2.40
metres) that is the principal pedestrian route and be bounded on either side by
banding strips (0.3 metres each) for accent.
c) Crosswalks should have dropped or rolled curbs as well as texture or color
differentiation between the public sidewalk and the intersection for pedestrian
visibility and accessibility purposes.
d) Crosswalk materials should be selected from materials and textures that are durable
and easy to maintain, considering seasonal influences and traffic conditions, and
that do not create any trip hazards for pedestrians. Textured asphalt or stamped
concrete are preferable options for distinct crosswalk surfaces that achieve the
desired objective; precast unit pavers or stone which may become loose and require
regular maintenance are not preferred.
e) Crosswalk surface treatment should be highly visible through differentiation in colour
and/or texture from the roadway or the intersection’s interior field. Alternatively,
crosswalks paint markings are also an option, although they do not present the
same visual or tactile impact for users.
Above: different materials, colour and textures for the surface of
pedestrian crossings can visually and physically define these
locations to both pedestrian and drivers.
14 Village and Hamlet Core Design Guidelines4.3 Curb extensions
Design Objective:
Extensions of the road curb, or “bumpouts”, that extend into the roadway to physically decrease
the width of pedestrian crossings as well as providing a traffic calming effect and opportunities
for street plantings.
Design Guidelines:
a) Curb extensions should generally be focused at key intersections within the village
and hamlet cores and generally not at mid-block locations so as to preserve the
existing supply of on-street parking.
b) Curb extensions should be designed to provide opportunities for “reclaimed” space
along the street that can accommodate street plantings and furnishings. Bumpout
areas should be as wide as the travel or parking lane that they occupy and they
should be at least 12.0 metres in length.
c) Curb extensions should be sized to incorporate a combination of street trees and
associated foundation plantings, and street furnishings such as moveable planter
pots, benches and decorative traffic bollards for visibility from the street as space
permits.
d) Plantings and furnishings within curb extensions should be lower (0.5 metres
maximum) in areas affected by corner daylighting areas and driveway crossings.
Plant materials should be highly salt tolerant to reduce loss and damage due to snow
loading during winter months.
e) Street furnishings in bumpout areas, such as moveable planters or benches, should
be placed offset from the street corner to promote visibility to/from the curb extension
and provide a clear path of travel for pedestrians.
f) Curb extensions should include a concrete strip (at least 0.5 metres) between the
back of curb and planting areas to allow for pedestrian refuge off the roadway during
maintenance.
Above: Extensions of the curb can provide significant benefits,
including the physical reduction in crossing distance for pedestrians
and the perceived reduction in roadway width to drivers created by
additional plantings.
Township of Smith-Ennismore-Lakefield 154.4 Sidewalks and boulevards
Design Objective:
Boulevards (immediately abutting the road edge) and sidewalks (abutting the boulevards on the
other side) at the side of the roadway edge that provide safe, comfortable and interesting spaces for
walking, resting and socializing.
Design Guidelines:
a) Sidewalk and boulevard space should be designed to provide a safe, durable,
accessible and comfortable walking environment for all users.
b) Sidewalks should be continuous poured concrete given its durability, ease of
maintenance and accessibility characteristics. Boulevard material should be an
extension of the sidewalk so it reads as one continuous space. A banding of a
different material or texture (preferably textured and/or coloured concrete) can be
accommodated provides additional visual interest along the curb.
c) Sidewalks should have an unimpeded width of at least 1.8 metres (although 2.0 to 3.0
metres is preferred in commercial settings) and should slope towards the curb to allow
for proper drainage and avoid water collection and ice patching in the winter.
d) Sidewalks should be replaced as a whole over time during street infrastructure
projects in the long term, although localized safety and tripping hazards should be
corrected in the short term.
e) Sidewalks and boulevards should provide barrier-free access through the use of
dropped curbs, textured banding at road crossings or drive aisles, and sidewalk
extensions across private driveway accesses.
f) Differentiated paving materials (such as textured asphalt, coloured concrete or
asphalt) should be limited, focusing such materials at points of emphasis and
pedestrian points within the core area.
g) Plantings, furnishings and other vertical elements within the boulevard space should
be located so that they do not impede pedestrian movement along the sidewalk
Above: Generous sized and unobstructed pedestrian
sidewalks with boulevard amenities provides very space, or limit views at street intersections or private driveway accesses.
comfortable street to users.
16 Village and Hamlet Core Design Guidelines4.5 Street trees
Design Objective:
Tree plantings along the street that support the walking, gathering and socializing functions of the
core area by providing a greener, softer and more visually interesting walking environment
throughout the different seasons.
Design Guidelines:
a) Tree should be accommodated within the boulevard space (or additionally within curb
extensions) and should be sited as much as possible to provide a canopy that frames
the views along the street and contributes to the area’s character and identity.
b) Trees should be planted centred in an area no less than 1.5 metres wide and no less
than 0.8 metres from the curb edge, either within a grassed or planted area or under
metal tree grates. Where this minimum condition does not exist, curb extensions
(where feasible) to create extra space or coordination of plantings on the private
property edges on the street right-of-way should be considered to continue the street
tree canopy.
c) Trees should be planted with continuous trenches containing an appropriate growing
medium, such as structural soil mixtures that provide opportunity for root growth and
development.
d) Trees should be planted with a consistent spacing, preferably 7.0 to 8.0 metres on-
centre where possible, and coordinated with the location of streetscape amenities,
driveway accesses, underground utilities, and hydro poles and wires.
e) Tree species should be selected based on appropriate characteristics with a tolerance
for urban conditions, heat, drought and salt; their suitability for use within the public realm;
and consideration of the species hardiness (Plant Hardiness Zone 5a/b). Recommended
species for street trees are listed on Page 18.
f) For locations under hydro wires, select species that do not grow above 6.0 metres in
height at full maturity.
Above: the canopy created by a continuous spacing of Variety in trees species along the streetscape should be considered to provide variety in leaf colour,
street trees, as well as the resulting visually quality,
provides a considerable benefit to pedestrian comfort bloom period, and leaf drop to provide interest throughout the seasons.
along the street.
Township of Smith-Ennismore-Lakefield 17` RECOMMENDED STREET TREE SPECIES
Latin Name (Common Name) Fall Colour Size *
Acer x freemanii ‘Celzam’ (Celebration Maple) Gold 8 / 15
Acer x freemanii ‘Jeffersred’ (Autumn Blaze Maple) Orange-Red 12 / 15
Acer ginnala ‘Flame’ (Amur Maple) Red 7/7
Acer rubrum ‘Franksred’ (Red Sunset Maple) Red 12 / 16
Acer rubrum ‘Karpick’ (Karpick Maple) Yellow 7 / 12
Acer saccharum ‘Endowment’ (Sugar Maple) Orange 6 / 15
Acer tataricum (Tatarian Maple) Yellow-Orange 6/5
Celtis occidentalis (Common Hackberry) Yellow 15 / 18
Ginkgo biloba (Maidenhair Tree) Yellow 10 / 15
Gleditsia triacanthos var. inermis (Honeylocust) Yellow 12 / 15
Platanus x acerifolia (London Plane Tree) Yellow-Brown 13 / 16
Prunus serrulata ‘Kwanzan’ (Kwanzan Cherry) Red-Brown 5/7
Pyrus calleryana ‘Arsitocrat’ (Aristocrat Pear) Red-Purple 8 / 11
Pyrus calleryana ‘Glen’s Form’ (Chanticleer Pear) Red 5 / 11
Pyrus calleryana ‘Redspire’ (Redspire Pear) Red 8 / 11
Quercus macrocarpa (Burr Oak) Red 12 / 16
Quercus rubra (Red Oak) Red 13 / 15
Syringa reticulata (Japanese Lilac Tree) Red 5 / 10
Syringa reticulata ‘Ivory Silk’ (Ivory Silk Lilac Tree) Red 5/7
Tilia cordata (Little Leaf Linden) Yellow 8 / 15
Tilia x euchlora (Crimean Linden) Yellow 8 / 12
Zelkova serrata ‘Green Vase’ (Green Vase Zelkova) Orange 12 / 15
* Size listed as mature spread/mature height in metres
18 Village and Hamlet Core Design Guidelines4.6 Ground Plantings
Design Objective:
Ground level plantings that support street tree plantings in providing a greener, softer and more
visually interesting walking environment within the area throughout the different seasons.
Design Guidelines:
a) Ground plantings within the boulevard space between the sidewalk edge and curb
edge (or additional within curb extensions), in a combination of either plantings beds,
constructed raised planters, or moveable planting containers.
b) Ground plantings should be selected based on appropriate characteristics with a
tolerance for urban conditions, heat, drought and salt; their suitability for use within the
public realm; and consideration of the species hardiness (Plant Hardiness Zone 5a/b).
Recommended species for different ground plantings are listed on Pages 20 and 21.
c) Ground plantings should include a combination of shrubs, ornamental grasses and
perennials as part of the planting program. Different forms and textures that create a
strong impression; incorporate some taller material to create a bold visual presence;
ensure beds and planters are full of plants to accent their impression and the feeling
of green; add instances of bold colours that provide emphasis; and vary bloom
periods, leaf, flower or fall colour to provide visual interest.
d) Ground plantings should be no more than 1.0 metres in height along the street edge
to avoid the creation of hiding spaces, or 0.5 metres in height at street corners or drive
aisles to be respectful of sight line triangles to promote pedestrian safety.
e) Raised planters for ground plantings should use high quality materials, such as brick
or stone that are reflective of the desired character of the core area, and should be at
least 0.4 metres in height to promote informal seating areas along the street frontage.
f) Moveable containers should be of a consistent style and constructed of high quality,
durable materials, such as ceramic, concrete, or metal. These containers can
consistently spaced along the street, grouped in key activity or resting areas, or a
Above: Ground level plantings along the street can add combination of the two approaches.
dramatic infusions of colour throughout the seasons along
a downtown’s streets.
Township of Smith-Ennismore-Lakefield 19RECOMMENDED SHRUB SPECIES
Latin Name (Common Name) Fall Colour Size *
Diervilla lonicera (Bush Honeysuckle) Red-Brown 1/1
Diervilla rivularis ‘Morton’ (Summer Stars Honeysuckle) Red-Brown 1/1
Euonymous alatus ‘Compactus’ (Dwarf Burning Bush) Red-Orange 1.2 / 1.2
Hypericum kalmanium (Pot O’ Gold) Blue-Green (HC) 0.6 / 0.6
Juniperus communis ‘Green Carpet’ (Green Carpet Juniper) Evergreen 0.9 / 0.3
Juniperus conferta ‘Emerald Sea’ (Emerald Sea Juniper) Evergreen 1.5 / 0.3
Juniperus horizontalis ‘Wiltonii’ (Blue Rug Juniper) Evergreen 1 / 0.3
Juniperus sabina ‘Blue Danube’ (Savin Juniper) Evergreen 1.2 / 1.2
Myrica pensylvanica (Bayberry) Yellow-Brown 2/2
Potentilla fruticosa ‘Goldstar’ (Goldstar Cinquefoil) Gray-Green (HC) 0.6 / 0.8
Potentilla fruticosa ‘Longacre’ (Longacre Cinquefoil) Gray-Green (HC) 1.2 / 0.6
Prunus x cistena (Purple Leaf Sand Cherry) Red-Purple 1.2 / 1.5
Ribes alpinum (Alpine Currant) Red 1.5 / 1.5
Ribes aureum (Golden Currant) Red-Orange 1.5 / 2
Spiraea japonica ‘Anthony Waterer’ (Anthony Waterer Spirea) Deep Red 0.9 / 1.0
Spiraea japonica ‘Froebelii’ (Spirea) Red 1.2 / 1.2
Spiraea japonica ‘Little Princess’ (Little Princess Spirea) Red 0.9 / 0.6
Taxus cuspidate ‘Nana’ (Dwarf Japanese Yew) Evergreen 1/1
Viburnum opulus ‘Compactum’ (Dwarf European Cranberry) Yellow-Orange 1/1
Viburnum opulus ‘Nanum’ (Hedge Viburnum) Bronze 0.9 / 0.6
* Size listed as mature spread/mature height in metres
(HC) denotes that foliage holds summer colour into the fall
20 Village and Hamlet Core Design GuidelinesRECOMMENDED PERENNIAL SPECIES
Latin Name (Common Name) Size *
Hemerocallis (sp) (Daylily) Varies upon variety
Hosta (sp) (Plantain Lily) Varies upon variety
Hypericum calycinum (Aaron’s Beard) 0.3
Phlox stolonifera (Phlox) 0.3
Rudbeckia fulgida ‘Goldstrum’ (Coneflower) 0.6
Rudbeckia hirta (Gloriosa Daisy) 0.9
Salvia nemerosa (Sage) Varies upon variety
Sedum (sp) (Stonecrop) Varies upon variety
* Size listed as mature height in metres
RECOMMENDED ORNAMENTAL GRASS SPECIES
Latin Name (Common Name) Fall Colour Size *
Bouteloua racemosa (Sideoats Gramma) Red 0.6
Calamagrostis x acutifolia ‘Karl Foerster’ (Feather Reed Grass) Gold 1.2
Deschampia caespitosa ‘Gold Shower’ (Gold Pendant Hair Grass) Gold 1.2
Festuca glauca (Blue Fescue) Blue/Green 0.3
Helictotrichon sempervirens ‘Saphirsprudel’ (Blue Oat Grass) Gold 0.6
Pennisetum alopecuroides ‘Hameln’ (Dwarf Fountain Grass) Gold 0.6
* Size listed as mature height in metres
Township of Smith-Ennismore-Lakefield 214.7 Street Lighting
Design Objective:
Lighting poles and fixtures that provide an appropriate level of lighting to both drivers and walkers in
the core area with a style in keeping the core area’s identity and character.
Design Guidelines:
a) Light standards should be located in the boulevard space between the sidewalk edge
and curb edge, in line with street trees and other plantings, so as to maintain an
unobstructed pedestrian route on the sidewalk.
b) Light fixtures should be a coordinated family of luminaires and poles with regard to
design, materials and color. Streets should be lit with energy efficient fixtures.
c) Lighting sources should be used that provide good color recognition appropriate for
the use and provide illumination levels and lighting sources that minimize areas or
points of glare while providing adequate levels of light for safety and security.
d) Lighting standards should accommodate rods and/or attachments that accommodate
opportunities for banners and hanging flower pots, with consideration for minimum
heights for clearance purposes.
e) Specific pedestrian scale lighting fixtures should be directed to the sidewalk for
pedestrian comfort and businesses at night.
Above: fascia signs in traditional façades, typically as f) Steet lighting should be installed and oriented in a night-sky friendly fashion that limits
the principal business signage, are key elements that horizontal and vertical light spillover.
horizontally divide the storefront from the upper portions
of the façade.
Above: Light standards situated in a continuous pattern and style
add to the identity of a downtown or main street and unify the area
in a consistent fashion.
22 Village and Hamlet Core Design Guidelines4.8 Street Furnishings
Design Objective:
Street furnishings that accommodate activity on streets and provide comfort to those walking
within the core areas in a style suited to the core area’s character.
Design Guidelines:
a) Street furnishings should be located in the boulevard space between the sidewalk
edge and curb edge, in line with street trees and other plantings, so as to maintain an
unobstructed pedestrian route on the sidewalk.
b) Street furnishings should be spaced in a consistent pattern along the streetscape,
although they may be focused in particular clusters in higher activity areas.
c) Street furnishings should be a suite of different furnishings and amenities, including
benches, garbage receptacles, bike racks, community message boards, and similar
other amenities.
d) Street furnishings should be selected from a single style of high quality and durable
materials and finishes, with a consistent style throughout the core area that
complements the overall desired character and identity of the community and fits with
any gateway entrance features and wayfinding signage.
e) Garbage receptacles should have relatively small openings to prevent overloading the
receptacle and should be key-accessible for Township workers.
f) Benches should be securely fastened to poured concrete pads offset the sidewalk to
Lighting standards (see above) should achieve the necessary level of illumination for
safety for vehicular visibility and pedestrian comfort and safety.
g) Bike racks should have a minimum height of 0.8 metres to prevent a tripping hazard
and should be located at central locations at points of interest.
h) Banner signage or hanging flower pots should be accommodated on light standards or
Above: A single suite of streetscape amenities accommodates a hydro poles in order to add further visual interest and character.
broad range of users, including pedestrian and cyclists, while
providing a unifying effect through a downtown or main street area.
Township of Smith-Ennismore-Lakefield 234.9 Entrance features
Design Objective:
Entrance features at key “gateway” locations that visually punctuate the key entrances to the
area and provide a strong first impression to visitors.
Design Guidelines:
a) Entrance features should be located either along roadway edges, within central
medians, or spanning the roadway, all of which must consider sight lines for passing
traffic.
b) Entrance features should be designed in a consistent style and form for all gateway
locations within the four core areas, although highlighted with particular references or
treatments to the respective community.
c) Entrance features should be designed with high quality, durable, and locally relevant
materials that reflect the character of the community, including stone, brick, and metal,
and wood.
d) Entrance features should have simple and universally readable lettering for the
signage component that is not distracted by other information on the feature.
e) Planting material surrounding entrance features should act as a backdrop for the
feature and should be native, non-invasive, low maintenance, salt and/or drought
tolerant, and not inhibit visibility of the feature at maturity.
f) Entrance features should accommodate opportunities for night-time accentuation with
energy efficient lighting fixtures.
Above: Entrance features provide a strong first impression to
arriving visitors, especially those arriving for the first time, by
providing a visual cue at the entrances of a downtown or main
street area.
24 Village and Hamlet Core Design Guidelines4.10 Wayfinding features
Design Objective:
Wayfinding features that provide an attractive and effective directional system that clearly directs
visitors to key destinations within the area and surrounding area.
Design Guidelines:
a) Wayfinding features should be designed as part of a comprehensive wayfinding
program across the Township with a consistent style but which allows community
individuality through unique logos and colours. This program should include the
following destinations at minimum: civic or public buildings, municipal parking areas,
open spaces and trails, other community destinations or features, and the other village
and hamlets within Smith-Ennismore-Lakefield.
b) Wayfinding features should be located in the boulevard space between the sidewalk edge
and curb edge, although there are opportunities for others spaces within the street right-of-
way and public spaces throughout the core areas.
c) Wayfinding features should be oriented and sited to balance the needs of all people,
whether arriving by foot, bicycle, car, or mobility device.
d) Wayfinding features should have lettering and symbols that contrast with their
background for readability (light background with dark letters or dark background with
light letters).
e) Wayfinding features should be affixed to a simple, stand-alone pole or fixture that
complements the style of the streetscape amenities package.
Above: Wayfinding signage features that allow visitors to
seamlessly and effectively navigate themselves to the area’s
destinations are important elements of promoting a downtown or
main street area.
Township of Smith-Ennismore-Lakefield 254.11 Public art
Design Objective:
Public art pieces that enhance the “sense of place” in the community by enhancing the visual
interest and vibrancy of the core area with locally relevant ground-mounted art pieces.
Design Guidelines:
a) Public art pieces can be located in a number of different locations, including within the
boulevard space between the sidewalk edge and curb edge (for smaller pieces), within
public spaces in the core areas, or on private property with spaces that are publicly visible.
b) Public art pieces should be located to limit any conflicts with vehicular, bicycle, or
pedestrian circulation.
c) Public art pieces must be an an original piece of artwork with the primary function of
providing visual interest without any commercial advertising function.
d) Public art pieces should be accessible and/or visible to members of the public, located
either within a public street right-of-way or other publicly owned space, or on a private
property where it has an interface and connection with the public realm.
e) A range of different purposes for public art pieces are encouraged, including
functional, interpretive, abstract, and historical purposes.
f) A range of sizes, artistic mediums (metal, stone, paint), and variety of different forms
(architectural features, sculptures, landscape features, street amenities, public works,
paintings, or murals) should be considered for any public art program throughout the
core areas.
Left/Above: public art presents an endless array of opportunities
for providing visual interest and identity to a downtown or main
street area, including different mediums, different forms and
different themes.
26 Village and Hamlet Core Design Guidelines5 Site Design Guidelines
5.1 Site Plantings
Design Objective:
Plantings that are a key visual element connecting a building or development with the
streetscape and the surrounding context.
Design Guidelines:
a) Areas on a site that should be landscaped and regularly maintained include yards that
are visible from streets, sidewalks, and/or other public spaces; yards that are abutting
adjacent residential properties; outdoor amenity areas on the site; and surrounding
and within parking lots.
b) All site landscape designs should emphasize the use of tree and shrub species that are
native, low maintenance, and salt tolerant, and that provide seasonal interest through the
use of coniferous and deciduous plant materials.
g) Trees planted on private property along sidewalks, walkways, and near parking spaces
should be sited and spaced to provide a canopy of shade in the summer. Trees
should be planted with a consistent spacing, preferably 7.0 to 8.0 metres on-centre
where possible
c) Trees should have an adequately sized planting area based on the amount of room
needed for tree roots. Structural soil, root barriers, tree guards, and tree grates are
encouraged for trees that are planted near sidewalks and walkways.
d) Deciduous trees on the south side of buildings can be used to provide shade in summer
and allow passive solar heating in the summer; while coniferous trees on east and west
Above: property edges facing the street and internal pedestrian facades provide protection from glare caused by low-level sun.
routes are important focal point for site landscaping.
e) For parking lots, aim to plant one tree per four parking spaces, preferably located on
the south side of parking spaces to provide maximum shade during the summer. The
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