ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF 1-4-2-3-1 TACTICAL GAME SYSTEM
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Bulletin of the Transilvania University of Braşov
Series IX: Sciences of Human Kinetics • Vol. 14(63) No. 1 – 2021
https://doi.org/10.31926/but.shk.2021.14.63.1.9
ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES
OF 1-4-2-3-1 TACTICAL GAME SYSTEM
D. PĂUN1 L. PĂUN2
Abstract: Football world agrees that nowadays the game has become so
tactical that we can liken it as a chessboard in which the pieces become
players and vice versa. There are coaches who impose a tactical game
system. There is practically no football game where there is no discussion
about how the players are placed on the field, about their tasks (offensive
and defensive) or in the game relations. This paper does not aim to say
which game system is better, but only stress the attention on those
interested aspects related to the 1-4-2-3-1 system game, a system usually
applied by professional teams in the country and abroad.
Key words: football, tactics, tactical game system.
1. Introduction
performance of the team. There are other
The football world agrees that nowadays coaches who have a tactical culture both
the game of football has become so theoretical and practical advanced that is
tactical that we can liken it as a focused on the qualities of the players, for
chessboard in which the pieces become which the evolution and, performance of
players and vice versa. the team is appreciable.
It must be said that football has reached “There is no better system than another,
unsuspected heights in terms of training indeed it would be advisable to know how
components, components that have to use and / or alternate 2-3 different
evolved separately and together, for systems” [6].
which the tactical component is no “Tactics of the football means game
exception. totality of individual and collective actions
There are coaches who impose a tactical a team developed, both in attack and
game system, just because they master it defensive, designed efficiently, respecting
very well, regardless of the qualities of the the game’s laws and the features of sports
players, which limit the evolution and
1
Spiru Haret University, Braşov.
2
School no. 1, Brasov68 Bulletin of the Transilvania University of Braşov. Series IX • Vol. 14(63) No. 1 – 2021
conduct and so obtaining a positive result” There are some authors that consider that
[3]. for a good application of this system it is
One Spanish author said defines tactics necessary:
“as all those actions of attack and “Full participation in the game;
defensive that can be carried out to Alternation of functions between the
surprise (fight) or counter (neutralize) the lines;
opponents during the game with the ball Extensive technical and tactical
in play” [9]. knowledge;
“The importance for coaches Excellent physical condition;
understanding is that positional physical Maturity tactics” [7].
characteristics which are influenced by the Tactical system of the game has become
demands of playing in different so nuanced that the difference is very
formations during match play” [12]. small. The difference is made by the new
Some authors classify game systems match analysis technologies that support
into: the coaches in making themselves easier
“1. Game systems based on the width of to understand in front of the players.
the space On some specialists’ opinion
1.1. Occupancy and incorporation “professional football requires more and
systems more tools to help analyse the different
1.2. Position game systems teams from a multidisciplinary perspective
1.3. Mixed game systems with the aim of optimizing their
performance in competition” [11].
2. Game systems based on the rational “The game system must take into account
occupation of the playing field the following lines:
2.1. Game systems acting transversally Defensive line: composed of defenders
2.2. Game systems acting Central line: composed of midfielders
longitudinally” [7]. Line of attack: composed of attackers”
Occasionally, the elements that [5].
determine the nuance of the system For a better understanding of the
variants can be of two types, obviously players' movements during a football
under the conditions of the game match, the new technologies managed to
regulations [10]. become the coach's ally, making his work
- Influences related to the players that easier. New technologies make it possible
make up the group: team homogeneity, to identify tactical solutions within the
level of training, performance, team, including the actual tactical system.
sportsmanship, collaboration between In a study with 36 football players is
players, or injuries, eliminations from the presented the importance of Global
game, etc. Positioning System technology for the
- External influences: the opponent and players’ performance in Brazilian
his game, the quality of the field and the championship. This system has a very high
atmospheric conditions, the evolution of accuracy regarding the distance covered,
the score, eliminations from the game travel speed, position occupied on the
from the opposing team, etc. field, including physiological records [1].D. PĂUN et al: Advantages and Disadvantages of the 1-4-2-3-1 Tactical Game System 69
Football game tactics has several of the players on both the defensive and
characteristics, among which we mention: attack phases. There is practically no
Reasonable placement and anticipation football game without discussion about
depending on the concrete situation in how the players are placed on the field,
the field (attack / defensive); about their tasks (offensive and defensive)
Dependence on the level of the other or the game relations.
components of the training; Positional play refers to a philosophy or
Flexibility and dynamics of the game, style of play at the base of which there is a
weather conditions, the value of the continuous search for superiority, which
opponent, time result of the game; can be numerical, positional and
Theoretical, technical tendencies, qualitative [8].
evolution or modifications of the game’s
laws; 3. Material and Methods
During the game there are six
continuous moments, like: In this sense, we bring to your attention
“- Offensive moment when the team is in some general and particular aspects
possession of the ball; regarding the 1-4-2-3-1 tactical game
- Moment of transition attack - defensive, system:
when the team is vulnerable in defensive; Lateral defenders; players participate
- Defensive moment, when the team is in the construction of the attack phase
organized for defensive; climbing into the opponent's field
- Moment of transition defensive - attack, creating a numerical superiority on the
when the ball is recovered and trying to ball area, even reaching to central the
take advantage of the defensive ball in the opponent's box. This
disorganization of the opponent; requires the player to a fairly intense
- Defensive set pieces moment; team does physical and mental effort and its
not has possession of the ball and may be efficiency depends on its technical-
organized or disorganized waiting for the tactical level. On the defensive phase
opponent's actions; he covers the free spaces and helps
- Offensive set pieces moment; team has the line of defenders crowding the ball
the possession of the ball and be area with the supervision of the
organized prepared to surprise the rival” sideband.
[4]. Central midfielders are players with
availability for effort who have a
2. Objectives higher technical-tactical level, with the
role of connecting the line of
This paper underlines some interested defenders, demarcating themselves on
aspects related to the 1-4-2-3-1 game the most appropriate areas and spaces
system, a system very often applied by to receive the ball and further
professional teams in the country and coordinate the attack phase. The
from abroad. offensive midfielder and the lateral
Like any system, it has certain midfielders, connected with the line of
advantages and disadvantages that can be attackers, and they act together.
amplified or minimized by concrete tasks Supports the defensive phase by70 Bulletin of the Transilvania University of Braşov. Series IX • Vol. 14(63) No. 1 – 2021
retreating on the best corridors, in The striker is the player who
order to delay the opponent's attack participates in the attack phase
or even recover the ball. moving to occupy a good position to
Lateral midfielders are band players receive the ball, harasses the opposing
and they must have a good physical defensive creating spaces and
training, a good technical-tactical level corridors for teammates. He is the
with the role of creating amplitude of beneficiary of the last pass to
the attack phase in order to defeat the complete. On the defensive phase, he
opposing team. For defensive phase will try to slow down the attacking
players must crowd the central axis, team's attack, going down to the
crowd the ball area and even to go central of the field to support the
down in their own field to support team in order to recover the ball.
their teammates in order to recover An Italian football opinion believes on
the ball. “fundamental player of 1-4-2-3-1 and
Offensive central midfielder is the attacking midfielder, must be able to
player with a large freedom of refine and finalize, being necessary
movement, with a very high level of technical skills and motor intelligence
technicality, a good vision of the to allow better actions in various
game. He has the role of creating a football game situations” [2].
density on the ball area, to filter the Classic position of the players in the 1-4-2-
balls of teammates putting them in 3-1 system (Figure 1).
positives situations to score.
Fig. 1. Classic position of the players in the 1-4-2-3-1 system
4. Results and Discussion actions can be carried out both on the
central axis and on the lateral bands;
We present the advantages and 2. The multitude of situations that can be
disadvantages of the game system created by the device created by the
system, especially in 2x1 or 3x2
Advantages relationships;
1. Due to the support of the lateral 3. Creating free spaces on the lanes can
defenders creating a numerical lead to a 1x1 adversity with chances of
superiority on the ball area, attack completion;D. PĂUN et al: Advantages and Disadvantages of the 1-4-2-3-1 Tactical Game System 71
4. Creating a density of players (central 2. Numerical defensive with high chances
and offensive midfielders) in the of recovery;
central axis by creating a triangle that 3. Achieving a pressing with chances of
opens opportunities to play the ball to success due to the small distances
both sides; between lines and small spaces
5. Depending on the concrete situation between players;
on the field, the goalkeeper can 4. Making a positive transition each player
identify good opportunities to trigger has the predetermined placement in
the counterattack; such situations, in order to launch a
counterattack or quick attack;
Disadvantage 5. The individual and collective quality of
1. Prolonged possession may allow the the players who can make a difference
opponent to retreat; in the success of a completion as
2. Lack of completion can create some quickly as possible;
difficulties in folding;
3. Lack of support of the player trying to Disadvantage
dispossess the opponent of the ball 1. Numerical inferiority on the area,
can create spaces and corridors to his without the possibility to create 2x1 or
own goal; 3x2;
4. The lack of a quick reaction to launch a 2. Due to the agglomeration towards the
counterattack or quick attack allows central axis, the system has a certain
the opponent to retreat; weakness on the sidebands;
5. Incorrect placement of the 3 3. The lack of a quick reaction of the
midfielders in the central axis can lead defensive system can create a
to numerical imbalance; disorganization of it with undesirable
6. Lack of translation of the ball from one effects;
side to the other leads to a crowded 4. Lack of communication between the
game with no chance of success; players of the line of defensive can lead
to inefficient duplication or even escape
Advantages and disadvantages of the from the scoreboard;
game system in the defensive phase 5. Not all players participate in the
Advantages defensive system, for which the
1. Collective defensive device in which the opponent can obtain a numerical
entire defensive device acts as a unit, superiority on the attack phase (players
especially in relation to the ball and the farther from the area where the ball is
free spaces; must remain focused on supporting
their teammates).72 Bulletin of the Transilvania University of Braşov. Series IX • Vol. 14(63) No. 1 – 2021
a b c
Fig. 2. Players’ movement - the ball is on offensive phase
a. b c.
d e f
g
Fig. 3. Players’ movement - the ball is on defensive phaseD. PĂUN et al: Advantages and Disadvantages of the 1-4-2-3-1 Tactical Game System 73
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