DESIGN AND SEISMIC ANALYSIS OF HOSPITAL BUILDING BY EQUIVALENT STATIC ANALYSIS
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© 2021 JETIR July 2021, Volume 8, Issue 7 www.jetir.org (ISSN-2349-5162)
DESIGN AND SEISMIC ANALYSIS OF
HOSPITAL BUILDING BY EQUIVALENT
STATIC ANALYSIS
Deepak Rawat1, Vinay Yadav1, Robin Singh1 and Sagar Paruthi2
1
VIII Sem. B Tech. Civil student of DPGITM, Sec-34, Gurugram, Haryana, India
2
Assistant Professor and HOD, Dept. of Civil Engineering, DPGITM, Sec-34, Gurugram, Haryana, India
ABSTRACT
In Civil Engineering , Structural design is considered as its primary aspect. The foremost basic thing in
structural engineering is the design of simple basic components and members of building for examples slabs,
beams, columns and footings. The first step in any design is to decide the plan of the particular building after that
the location of beams and columns are decided. Then the vertical loads like dead and live loads are calculated. Once
the loads are obtained, the component which takes the load first i.e. the slabs can be designed. From the slabs, the
loads are transferred to the beams. The loads (mainly shear) from the beams are then transferred to the columns.
For designing columns, it is necessary to know the moments they are subjected to. For this purpose, frame analysis
is done by Moment Distribution Method. Finally, the footings are designed based on the loading from the column
and also the soil bearing capacity value for that particular area.
The building was initially designed as per IS 456: 2000 without considering earthquake loads using
STAAD.pro software. Then the building was analyzed for earthquake loads as per Equivalent static analysis method
and after obtaining the base shear as per IS1893: 2002.
Keywords:- Seismic analysis, STAAD PRO, Load cases, Bending Moment, Zone Factor.
INTRODUCTION
Earthquake is caused due to the sudden release of energy in the earth’s crust that creates seismic
waves. The seismic activity of an area refers to the frequency, type and size of earthquake experienced
over a period of time. Buildings are subjected to ground motion. PGA (Peak Ground Acceleration), PGV (Peak
Ground Velocity), PGD (Peak Ground Displacement), Frequency Content, and Duration play predominant rule
studying the behaviour of buildings under seismic loads.
Earthquakes can be further classified as natural and made
Natural Man-made
Tectonic Earthquakes Controlled Sources (Explosives)
Volcanic Earthquakes
Reservoir Induced Earthquakes
Rock Falls/Collapse of Cavity
Micro seism Mining Induced Earthquakes
Cultural noise (Industry, Traffic,
etc)
Structural analysis is that the backbone of technology. During recent years, there has been a growing emphasis on
using computer aided software and tools to research the structures. There has also been advancement in finite
element analysis of structures using Finite Element Analysis methods or matrix analysis. These developments are
most welcome, as they relieve the engineer of the customarily lengthy calculations and procedures required to be
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© 2021 JETIR July 2021, Volume 8, Issue 7 www.jetir.org (ISSN-2349-5162) followed while large or complicated structures are analyzed using classical methods. But not all the time such detailed analysis are necessary to be performed i.e. sometimes, just approximate analysis could suffice our requirements as just in case of preparing the rough estimates and participating within the bidding process for a young. Now-days, high rise buildings and multi-bay-multi-story buildings are quite common in metropolitan cities. The analysis of frames of multi-storied buildings proves to be rather cumbersome because the frames have an oversized number of joints which are absolve to move. Even if the commonly used Moment distribution method is applied to all or any the joints, the work involved shall be tremendous. However, with certain assumptions, applying the substitute analysis methods like substitute frame method, portal method, cantilever method or factor method, the structures will be analyzed approximately. The new hospital block is designed for Delhi. The total built up area of the hospital building is 315m2 and has six floors (Ground floor +6). The Hospital building consists of assorted divisions like Ortho ward, Orthopedic ward, Opthamology ward, ENT ward, major and minor operation theaters, outpatient ward, seminar halls for medical students, scanning and X-ray Centre and medicine store room, etc. The building is build in Delhi Since hospitals are important buildings and wish to stay standing after the earthquake, the look of such buildings has to be done as per earthquake design considerations. The present study deals with seismic analysis using Equivalent static analysis of (G+6) story RC buildings using Structural Analysis and Design (STAAD Pro.) software. The plan of the Hospital building is regular. It has a story height of H = 3.0m where all stories are of the same height. The Hospital building consist of six stories, it is seven stories including ground floor. The Hospital building length is 21m and width is 15m so the area is 315m2 . The building consist of square columns with cross section (0.45 x 0.45)m, rectangular beams with cross- section (0.3 x 0.3)m and slab thickness of 200mm. The size of column is constant for all stories. In each storey, the size of the beam is constant. Since hospital is that the most significant place during a disaster to administer humanitarian aid and medical treatment, it's important to form sure that the hospital building can withstand the earthquake. the target of this study is to create comparisons of study and design of a (G+6) story hospital building. Several cases of seismic loads are going to be applied to the building. Indian Standard Code (IS 1893-2002) are used for this study. The building are designed according to the Earthquake resistant considerations. this study deals with an Equivalent Static Analysis of 6 story RCC hospital building using Structural Analysis and Design (STAAD Pro.) software. METHODOLOGY •Review the existing literature and Indian design code provision for analysis and design of the earthquake resistant building. • The different types of structures are selected. • The selected structures are modelled. • Performing linear analysis for selected building for both gravity load, and earthquake loads and then a comparative study of both is obtained from the analysis. • Also design the building manually for design and analysis results obtained and compare with the area of steel of the models obtained. • Using structural analysis and design Software ETABS and STAAD Pro and comparing both results. • Observation of results and discussions. JETIR2107151 Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (JETIR) www.jetir.org b163
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RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
The design was performed on grade M30 grade of concrete and fe500 grade steel. The primary applied load
are seismic load in X,-X,Z,-Z direction, Dead load and Live load and assign them.
Frame of the structure 3D form of the building ( without slabs )
Isometric view of the structure
( 300mmx300mm beam in X & Z axis and 450mmx450mm column in Y axis )
Soil classification graph
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Gravity loads
Dead and Live Value
loads
Slab load 2.25 kN/m2
Wall load 16.6kN/m
Floor finish 1.5kN/m2
Live load 4kN/m2
Properties of Concrete and Steel bar as per IS 456[7]
Concrete Properties Steel Bar Properties
Unit weight (γc) 25 kN/m3 Unit weight (γs) 76.33kN/m3
Modulus of elasticity 21718.8MPa Modulus of elasticity 2x105MPa
Poisson ratio (νc) 0.17 Poisson ratio (νs) 0.3
Thermal coefficient (αc) 1x10-5 Thermal coefficient(αs) 1.2x10-5
Shear modulus (ςc) 9316.95MPa Shear modulus (ςs) 76.8195MPa
Damping ratio (ϛ c) 5% Yield strength 415MPa
Compressive strength (Fc) 25MPa Compressive strength (Fs) 485MPa
Beam and column length and cross section dimension.
Structural Element Cross section (mm x Length (m)
mm)
Beam in (x) longitudinal direction 300 X 300 10 m
Beam in (z) transverse direction 300 X 300 15m
columns 450 X 450 21m(3mx7m=21m)
Zone factor values
Seismic Intensity Seismic Intensity Seismic Zone Z
low 1 0.10
Moderate 2 0.16
severe 3 0.26
Very severe 4 0.32
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Showing primary load cases
Number Name Type
Case 1 Earthquake load in x seismic
direction
Case 2 Earthquake load in -x Seismic
direction
Case 3 Earthquake load in z seismic
direction
Case 4 Earthquake load in -z seismic
direction
Case 5 DL Dead Load
Case 6 LL Live load
Deflection in beam
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Shear bending in beam
Deflection in column
Shear bending in column
After assigning all the dimensions and load cases for the structure design. We check for zero errors for
the structure.
As as the designed structure has zero error we go to post processing mode. There we check for action of seismic in
the structure from different axis’s.
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© 2021 JETIR July 2021, Volume 8, Issue 7 www.jetir.org (ISSN-2349-5162)
Seismic load in X & -x direction ( Isometric view )
Seismic load in z & -z direction ( Isometric view )
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Combination load in X direction Combination load in z direction
beam design requirement
column design Requirement
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Various pressure in the building due to various types of load cases
Footing design in STAAD pro Foundation software
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Foundation design after assigning all the loads and Indian standard codes
design of foundation
Calculation
Footing Geomtery
Design Type : Calculate Dimension
Footing Thickness (Ft) : 305.000 mm
Footing Length - X (Fl) : 1000.000 mm
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Footing Width - Z (Fw) : 1000.000 mm
Eccentricity along X (Oxd) : 0.000 mm
Eccentricity along Z (Ozd) : 0.000 mm
Column Dimensions
Column Shape : Rectangular
Column Length - X (Pl) : Column Length - X (Pl) :0.450 m
Column Width - Z (Pw) : 0.450 m
Design Parameters
Concrete and Rebar Properties
Unit Weight of Concrete : 25.000 kN/m3 Minimum Bar Size : Ø6
Strength of Concrete : 25.000 N/mm2 Maximum Bar Size : Ø32
Yield Strength of Steel : 415.000 N/mm2 Minimum Bar Spacing : 50.000 mm
Maximum Bar Spacing : 500.000 mm Pedestal Clear Cover (P, CL) : 50.000 mm
Footing Clear Cover (F, CL) : 50.000 mm
Soil Properties
Soil Type : Drained Unit Weight : 22.000 kN/m3
Soil Bearing Capacity : 100.000 kN/m2 Soil Surcharge : 0.000 kN/m2
Depth of Soil above Footing : 0.000 mm Cohesion : 0.000 kN/m2
Min Percentage of Slab : 0.000
Sliding and Overturning
Coefficient of Friction : 0.500 Factor of Safety Against Sliding : 1.500
Factor of Safety Against Overturning : 1.500
load combination & applied load
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Design Calculations
Footing Size
1.000 m
Initial Length (Lo) =
Initial Width (W o) = 1.000 m
Uplift force due to buoyancy = 0.000 kN
Effect due to adhesion = 0.000 kN
Area from initial length and width, Ao =Lo X W o = 1.000 m2
Min. area required from bearing pressure, Ami
P / qmax = 0.076 m2
Note: Amin is an initial estimation.
P = Critical Factored Axial Load(without self weight/buoyancy /soil) .
qmax = Respective Factored Bearing Capacity.
Final Footing Size
Length (L2) = 1.050 m Governing Load Case : # 101
Width (W 2) = 1.050 m Governing Load Case : # 101
Depth (D2) = 0.305 m Governing Load Case : # 101
Area (A2) = 1.103 m2
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Moment Calculation
Check Trial Depth against moment (w.r.t. X Axis)
Critical Load Case= #204
Effective Depth = = 0.252 m
Governing moment (Mu) = 0.000 kNm
As Per IS 456 2000 ANNEX G G-1.1C
Limiting Factor1 (Kumax) = = 0.479107
Limiting Factor2 (Rumax) = = 3444.291146 kN/m2
Limit Moment Of Resistance (Mumax) = = 229.658389 kNm
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As Per IS 456 2000 Clause 40 Table 19
Shear Strength Of Concrete(Tc) = 286.768 kN/m2
Tv< Tc hence, safe
CONCLUSIONS
In the present study, G+6 Hospital building has been designed (Beams, Columns, Footings and Seismic load
analysis by using Equivalent Static method) using STAAD Pro software and located in Delhi. The dead load, live load
and earthquake loads are calculated using IS: 456-2000 and IS 1893: 2002. Concrete grade M30 and HYSD bars
Fe500 as per IS: 1786-1985 are used.
Originally, the building was designed without earthquake loads as per IS456:2000. Then building is designed
considering the earthquake loads as per IS1893: 2002. The detailing has been done as per both approaches. Indian
Standard codes have been used in the analysis and design.
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Thesis of Mr. M. I. Adiyanto*, University Sains Malaysia, MALAYSIA, 2008. Analysis and design of 3 storey
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