Future of CHATGPT: An Exploratory Study on Recents Trends
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© March 2023| IJIRT | Volume 9 Issue 10 | ISSN: 2349-6002
Future of CHATGPT: An Exploratory Study on Recents
Trends
MS Divya P1, Shibin Shanty2
1
Associate Professor, Nehru College of Engineering and Research Centre, Thrissur, India
2
Student, Nehru College of Engineering and Research Centre, Thrissur, India
Abstract—ChatGPT is the most advanced chat room in different parts of the world. This feature has
the world to date. Unlike other chatbots, it can generate significant implications for companies looking to
impressive prose in seconds and has generated many expand into international markets or individuals
hypes and doomsday predictions about higher student
looking to connect with people from different
grades and many other things. ChatGPT is a state-of-the-
backgrounds. Another area where ChatGPT has the
art language model (a variant of the OpenAI Generative
Pretrained Transformer (GPT) language model) potential to make a significant impact is in the field of
designed to generate text that is indistinguishable from education. As a language model, ChatGPT can provide
human text. It can interact with users in a seemingly students with instant access to information on a variety
natural and intuitive way. It is able to comprehend and of topics. This technology can help students improve
produce natural results. A vast amount of text data was their research skills and deepen their understanding of
used to train theChatGPT system. Using deep learning, various topics. In addition, ChatGPT can help students
which allows it to understand the nuances of language who struggle with language barriers and help them
and provide informative and engaging responses.
communicate more effectively with their teachers and
ChatGPT can assist with various topics and is constantly
classmates. In addition, ChatGPT has the potential to
learning and updating its knowledge base. As an AI-
based conversational agent, ChatGPT has the potential revolutionize the customer service industry.
to revolutionize the way humans interact with ChatGPT's ability to provide accurate and useful
technology, making it more accessible and user-friendly.. information on a variety of topics can help businesses
reduce customer wait times, improve service quality,
Index Terms— Chatgpt, Open ai, Generative pretrained
and increase customer satisfaction. By leveraging
transformer.
ChatGPT, companies can provide 2 /7 customer
I. INTRODUCTION support and reduce the workload of employed
OpenAI trained ChatGPT, a sizable language model. I customer service agents, allowing them to focus on
am designed to understand and create natural language more complex issues.
answers to many questions and topics. I can answer Despite the many benefits of ChatGPT, we are also
factual questions, give explanations, create creative concerned about its potential impact on society. Some
text and talk to users.ChatGPT is a language model experts fear that this technology could be used to
developed by OpenAI designed to generate and spread misinformation or for malicious purposes. In
understand human language. As an AI, ChatGPT is addition, we are concerned about possible job losses
trained on vast amounts of text from a variety of due to the widespread adoption of ChatGPT in various
sources, allowing it to provide answers and insights on industries. In short, it can be said that ChatGPT is a
many different topics. In this essay, we explore the language model developed by OpenAI that has the
importance of ChatGPT and its potential impact on potential to significantly affect various industries.
various industries. One of the main advantages of ChatGPT's ability to produce and understand human
ChatGPT is its ability to communicate in multiple language has many practical applications, from
languages. With increasing globalization and the improving cross-cultural communication to
growing need for cross-cultural communication, revolutionizing customer service. However, as with
ChatGPT can help overcome language barriers and any new technology, it is important to carefully
improve communication between people from
IJIRT 158688 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATIVE RESEARCH IN TECHNOLOGY 410© March 2023| IJIRT | Volume 9 Issue 10 | ISSN: 2349-6002
consider its potential impact on society and take steps ChatGPT's architecture is based on the transformer
to mitigate negative impacts. model, a type of neural network that is particularly
effective at processing sequential data such as
II. LITERATURE SURVEY
language. The model uses a technique called an
attention mechanism, which allows you to focus on
ChatGPT is a language model developed by OpenAI
different parts of the input text and give different
using state-of-the-art natural language processing
words and phrases different importance. During
techniques. It is based on a deep learning architecture
training, the model was exposed to a wide variety of
called a transformer, which was introduced in a 2017
language patterns and contexts, which allowed it to
paper by Vaswani et al."Attention Is All You Need" is
learn the nuances of the language and develop the
the song's title. To provide precise and cogent
ability to generate natural-sounding answers to various
responses, the transformer architecture makes use of
questions. In summary, the methodology used to
self-attention processes to comprehend the context of
develop ChatGPT involved training a deep learning
a statement or document. It is a highly advanced
model using a large text data processor architecture
architecture that has been shown to outperform other
and fine-tuning its parameters to optimize its ability to
natural language processing models in various tasks,
understand and generate natural language responses.
including machine translation, language emodeling,
and question-answering.
To train ChatGPT, OpenAI used a massive dataset of
text called the WebText dataset, which contains over
8 million documents from the internet. The dataset was
pre-processed to remove irrelevant or low-quality
documents, and the resulting corpus was used to train
the language model.During the training process,
ChatGPT learned to understand the patterns and
relationships between words and phrases in the Figure 1: Sign in or Log in page
dataset, allowing it to generate coherent and
informative responses to a wide range of queries. The
training process involved repeatedly presenting the
model with input sequences and training it to predict
the next word in the sequence. After training,
ChatGPT was fine-tuned on specific tasks, such as
answering questions or engaging in casual
conversation. This fine-tuning process involved
further training the model on a smaller dataset, tailored
to the specific task, to improve its accuracy and
effectiveness. Overall, ChatGPT is a highly advanced
language model developed using state-of-the-art
natural language processing techniques, which allows
Figure 2: Account Creation
it to generate human-like responses to a wide range of
queries
III. METHODOLOGY
ChatGPT is based on a deep learning methodology
called transformer architecture. It was trained on a
huge amount of text data, including books, articles,
and websites. The training process involved feeding
the model a large amount of textual data and fine-
tuning its parameters to optimize its ability to
understand and generate natural language responses. Figure 3: Log In page
IJIRT 158688 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATIVE RESEARCH IN TECHNOLOGY 411© March 2023| IJIRT | Volume 9 Issue 10 | ISSN: 2349-6002
ChatGPT is a notable example of a deep learning-based highly effective language model that could
language model that has revolutionized natural revolutionize how people interact with technology.
language processing. Developed by OpenAI, it can
understand and generate natural language responses to
a wide range of questions and topics. The methodology
used to develop ChatGPT is based on the transformer
architecture, which is a type of neural network that is
very efficient at processing sequential data such as
language. The first step in the development of ChatGPT
was the collection and preprocessing of a huge amount
of text data from various sources. This included books,
articles, websites, and other types of textual content. Figure 4: Home page
The data were cleaned and pre-processed to remove
irrelevant or unnecessary data and ensure their
suitability for training the model. The next step was to
train the model with the transformer architecture. The
transformer model is designed to process sequential
data using an attention mechanism that allows you to
focus on different parts of the input text and assign
different words and phrases with different importance.
The training process involved feeding the model a large
amount of textual data and fine-tuning its parameters to Figure 5: ChatGPT user interface
optimize its ability to understand and generate natural
A.Training
language responses. The training process was iterative,
With the help of supervised learning and
meaning that the model was trained on increasingly
reinforcement learning, ChatGPT, a generative pre-
complex and varied data to improve its ability to
trained transformer (GPT), was improved on top of
understand and generate natural language responses.
GPT-3.5. Both strategies made use of human
The model was also trained to recognize and reproduce
instructors to help the models perform better. In the
common language patterns and contexts, helping it
supervised learning scenario, the model received
develop a nuanced understanding of language. After the
dialogues in which the trainers took on the roles of
model was trained, it was tested on several questions
both the user and the AI helper. Human trainers ranked
and topics to evaluate its performance. The testing
the model's responses that it had produced in a
process involved subjecting the model to various
previous conversation as the first phase in the
questions and assessing the accuracy and quality of its
reinforcement learning process. As an AI language
answers. The model has also been refined based on user
model, ChatGPT was trained using a technique called
feedback to improve its performance and accuracy. One
unsupervised learning. Specifically, it was trained
of the main advantages of ChatGPT is its ability to
using a variant of the transformer architecture called
constantly learn and update its knowledge. As users
GPT (Generative Pre-trained Transformer), which was
interact with the model, it learns from their input and
developed by OpenAI. The training process for
adjusts its responses accordingly. This means that
ChatGPT involved feeding the model vast amounts of
ChatGPT is constantly evolving and improving,
text data from a diverse range of sources, including
making it an increasingly valuable tool for a wide
books, articles, websites, and other forms of written
variety of applications. In short, the methodology used
content. The model was trained to predict the next
to develop ChatGPT is based on a transformer
word in a sequence of text based on the words that
architecture and involves training a deep learning
came before it, using a technique called language
model on a huge amount of text data. The model is fine-
modeling. The training process was unsupervised
tuned to optimize its ability to understand and generate
because the model was not given explicit instructions
natural language responses and is constantly updated
on what to learn or how to learn it. Instead, it was left
and improved based on user feedback. The result is a
IJIRT 158688 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATIVE RESEARCH IN TECHNOLOGY 412© March 2023| IJIRT | Volume 9 Issue 10 | ISSN: 2349-6002
to discover patterns and relationships in the data on its Chinese, French, German, Italian, Japanese, Korean,
own, using a technique called self-supervised learning. Portuguese, Russian, and Spanish.
During training, the model was adjusted using a
4. Fine-tuning: ChatGPT can be fine-tuned on specific
process called backpropagation, which involved
tasks, such as language translation, sentiment analysis,
comparing its predictions to the actual words in the
or question answering, which allows it to achieve
data and updating the model's parameters to improve
better performance on these tasks.
its performance. The training process for ChatGPT
was computationally intensive and required a large 5. Conversational ability: ChatGPT is designed to
amount of computing power and data. OpenAI used a generate natural-sounding responses to user queries,
distributed training approach, which involved training making it well-suited for conversational applications
the model on multiple machines in parallel. This such as chatbots and virtual assistants.
allowed them to train larger models and achieve better 6. Large training dataset: ChatGPT was trained on a
performance than would have been possible with a massive dataset of text, which allows it to generate
single machine. After training was complete, high-quality text with a wide range of styles and tones.
ChatGPT was fine-tuned on specific tasks, such as
language translation or question answering, by Overall, ChatGPT's combination of language
adjusting the parameters of the model and training it modeling, contextual understanding, multilingual
on smaller datasets. This process helped to improve its support, fine-tuning, conversational ability, and large
performance on these specific tasks. training dataset make it a powerful tool for a variety of
natural language processing applications.
B. Features
Although having the primary objective of mimicking C. Limitations
human conversationalists, ChatGPT is adaptable. It There are several shortcomings with ChatGPT. The
can create music, teleplays, fairy tales, and student OpenAI website stated that ChatGPT "sometimes
essays, as well as write poetry and song lyrics, writes plausible-sounding but erroneous or
replicate a Linux operating system, simulate a full chat nonsensical answers." Artificial intelligence
room, play games like tic-tac-toe, and simulate an hallucination refers to this tendency, which is typical
ATM. It can also provide test-taking assistance of large language models. ChatGPT's reward system,
(sometimes, depending on the test, at a level above the which is centred on human monitoring, is susceptible
average human test-taker). Man pages, statistics on to Goodhart's law, or over-optimization, which lowers
web usage, information on well-known programming performance. While training ChatGPT, human
languages like Python, and data about bulletin board reviewers favoured longer answers, regardless of real
systems are all included in the ChatGPT training comprehension or factual substance. As may be seen
resources. ChatGPT is a powerful language model that in ChatGPT's responses to prompts containing human-
comes with a variety of features that enable it to related descriptors, algorithmic bias also influences
perform a wide range of natural language processing training data. One ChatGPT-produced rap claimed that
(NLP) tasks. Among ChatGPT's most important white and male scientists were superior to scientists of
attributes are: colour and women.
1. Language modeling: ChatGPT is trained to predict 1.Lack of common sense: While ChatGPT is very
the next word in a sequence of text, which allows it to good at processing language and generating responses,
generate natural-sounding text that follows the same it lacks the common sense that humans have. This can
patterns as the training data. lead to responses that may seem nonsensical or
illogical in certain situations.
2. Contextual understanding: ChatGPT can understand
the meaning of words and sentences in context, 2.Inability to understand context: ChatGPT relies on
allowing it to generate coherent and relevant responses patterns in the text to generate responses, but it does
to user queries. not understand the context of the conversation in the
way that humans do. This may result in improper or
3. Multilingual support: ChatGPT can understand and irrelevant responses.
generate text in multiple languages, including English,
IJIRT 158688 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATIVE RESEARCH IN TECHNOLOGY 413© March 2023| IJIRT | Volume 9 Issue 10 | ISSN: 2349-6002
3.Biased language: Like all language models, education. Journalism & Mass Communication
ChatGPT may reflect the biases that exist in the data it Educator, 10776958221149577.
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IV. CONCLUSION radicalization risks of gpt-3 and advanced neural
language models,” arXiv preprint
ChatGPT, an AI language model created by OpenAI, is
arXiv:2009.06807, 2020.
intended to have human-like conversations with users
[6] A. Borji, “A categorical archiveof chatgpt
while sharing knowledge and insights on a variety of
failures,” arXiv preprint arXiv:2302.03494, 2023.
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[8] Ortiz, S. (2022, December 7). What is ChatGPT
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[9] Aljanabi M., Ghazi M., Ali A. H., Abed S. A., and
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ChatGPT, “ChatGpt: Open Possibilities,” Iraqi
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