Multilateral Assessment Latvia - Ilze Prūse Director of the Climate Change Department - UNFCCC
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Multilateral Assessment
Latvia
Third round of the multilateral assessment Ilze Prūse
process under the IAR (COP 24, SBI 49) Director of the Climate
3 December 2018, Katowice, Poland Change Department
Latvia’s profile 2016
Area: 64 569 km2
Population: 1,97 million
GHG emissions: 11306,39 kt
CO2 eq (0,26% from EU total)
GHG per capita: 5,7 tCO2 eq/cap.
2004 2016
1991
2
2014
ETS
Latvia’s commitments 19%
non -
ETS
81%
Pledge under the Convention
Latvia does not have a separate pledge. EU has unconditional quantified
economy wide emission reduction target – 20% emission reduction by
2020 compared to 1990 levels
Binding commitment under the Kyoto Protocol CP2
Latvia does not have a separate commitment. There is a joint
commitment of the EU, its Member States’ and Iceland to reduce GHG
emissions during 2013-2020 by 20% compared to base year.
Targets under the EU
National target for GHG emissions not covered by the EU ETS (non-ETS):
+17% in 2020 compared to 2005
- 6% in 2030 compared to 2005
4.5 Mtoe absolute level of final energy consumption in 2020
40% share of energy from renewable sources in gross final consumption 3
of energy in 2020
Dynamics of Latvia’s total
GHG emissions
30000
25000
20000
In 2016
57% below
1990
kt CO2 eq
15000
10000
5000
0
1990 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
Energy Transport IPPU Agriculture Waste Total
4
Data source: 2018 GHG inventory and Third Biennial Report under the UNFCCC (2017)
Dynamics of Latvia’s Latvia will
non-ETS GHG emissions fulfil its
commitments
under the
Kyoto
Protocol CP2
12000
10000
8000
kt CO2 eq
6000
4000
2000
0
2005 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
Transport non-ETS Energy non-ETS IPPU Agriculture Waste non-ETS target in 2013-2020
5
Data source: 2018 GHG inventory and Third Biennial Report under UNFCCC (2017)
Integration of climate policy into
Latvia’s policy planning
• Sustainable Development
• GHG emissions in 2030 not to be
Strategy of Latvia until 2030
more than 45% of 1990 GHG
emissions. • National Development Plan of
Latvia for 2014–2020
• GHG emissions in the non-ETS • Latvia’s national reform
sector in total not to increase by programme for EU2020 strategy
more than 17% in 2020 implementation
compared to 2005
• Total GHG emissions in Latvia in • Environmental Policy
2020 not to be more than 12.19 Guidelines 2014-2020
million tCO2 eq. & currently working on:
• Latvia’s Low Carbon Development
• Ensure Latvia’s contribution in
Strategy 2050
global climate change mitigation,
taking into account Latvia’s • Latvia’s National Energy and
environmental, social and Climate Plan 2021-2030
economic interests • Latvia’s National Adaptation
• Promote Latvia’s ability to adapt to Strategy 2030
climate change and its impacts 6
+ Sectoral policies
Institutional
framework for Law «On Pollution»
(defines climate change
ensuring national policy framework, key
responsibilities)
compliance
(Makes decisions on appropriate
Cabinet of Ministers
actions, if necessary)
Annual report
GHG inventory, Ministry of Environmental on the situation
Biennial Protection and Regional regarding
projection Development fulfilment of
Reports commitments
coordination
Ministry of Ministry of Ministry of Ministry
Agriculture Transport Economics of Finance
Ministry of Ministry of Ministry of Cross-Sectoral
Ministry Coordination
Science and Foreign Internal
of Health Affairs Centre
Education Affairs
7Example of PaMs – EU ETS
3500000 12000
3000000
10000
2500000
t CO2 eq
8000
TJ
2000000
6000
1500000
GHG
1000000
emissions 4000
-28% & use
of biomass 2000
500000
+357%
0 0
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
ETS GHG emissions ETS biomass, TJ
Useful practices:
• In Latvia all revenues from government’s sales of allowances within the EU ETS are
to be used only for GHG emission reduction and adaptation measures (untill
2018 – 4 different open tenders for project proposals organised).
• Since 2016 in Latvia participants (operators) of the EU ETS can use revenues from
selling ETS allowances only for GHG emission reduction.Example of PaMs – energy efficiency and
renewables
• Improvement of energy efficiency in public buildings and multiapartment
buildings promoted by government as well as municipalities. Main measures:
public awareness raising, energy audits, energy management systems (in municipalities,
enterprises), energy performance requirements etc. as well as financial assistance
provided in a form of subsidy (grant), repayable low-interest loan and guarantee for the
loan. As a result of different measures e.g. in city of Valmiera (~ 25 th. inhabitants)
~70% of multi-apartment buildings are insulated and renovated.
• In 2005-2016 final heat energy consumption in households decreased by
31% & final energy consumption decreased by 5,8%.
• Share of renewables in final energy consumption in 2016 reached 37,2%.
Energy consumption in Latvia
1990-2016 (PJ)
Primary energy consumption
9
Final energy consumption
Data source: CSBExample of PaMs - Taxes
Natural resource tax on CO2 emissions (carbon tax)
• Natural Resource Tax (NRT) since 2006 includes a tax on CO2 emissions
• NRT is mandatory for installations and aircraft operators regulated by
the «Law on pollution», including, power and heat generation, oil refineries,
steel works and production of iron, aluminium, metals, cement, lime, glass,
ceramics, pulp, paper, cardboard, acids and bulk organic chemicals,
commercial aviation
CO2 levy in vehicle tax
• Starting from 01.01.2017 Vehicle Operation Tax is calculated on the
basis of CO2 emissions (for vehicles with first registration from 2009)
Exemptions from taxes contributing to GHG emission reductions
• Electric vehicles are exempted from the payment of vehicle exploitation tax
and tax on light automobiles and motorcycles. The Vehicle Operation Tax rate
for Vehicles under 50g CO2 per km is 0 euros
• Rape seed oil which is used as fuel or petrol and biodiesel that is solely made
from rape seed oil is exempted from excise tax. Blends of unleaded
gasoline with ethanol (derived from agricultural raw materials) have
reduced rates of excise tax
10Example of PaMs – public
awareness raising tools
Climate change analysis tool Special twitter Climate portal
www2.meteo.lv/klimatariks/ account @klimatam www.klimatam.lv
Investment projects Close cooperation with
Special events
Eco-schools, NGOs etc.Latvia’s experience with the
IAR process
• Sharing of best practices in an open and facilitative
manner
• Learning from experience of other Parties regarding
evaluation of PaMs and measures
• Gaining better understanding of other countries’
targets and progress towards their implementation
• Positive experience for the future common
facilitative multilateral consideration of progress
under the Paris Agreement
12Thank you for your attention!
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