Rheumatology Insights: October 2021 - Cardinal Health Specialty Solutions - Views on industry trends impacting rheumatology practices nationwide

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Rheumatology Insights: October 2021 - Cardinal Health Specialty Solutions - Views on industry trends impacting rheumatology practices nationwide
Cardinal Health Specialty Solutions

Rheumatology Insights:
October 2021
Views on industry trends impacting rheumatology practices nationwide
Rheumatology Insights: October 2021 - Cardinal Health Specialty Solutions - Views on industry trends impacting rheumatology practices nationwide
A message from leadership

    Heidi Hunter

    Welcome to our second edition of Rheumatology Insights, a research-
    based report designed to provide perspectives on key issues and trends
    affecting rheumatology practices nationwide.
    As someone who has spent a good portion of my career working in
    rheumatology, I’ve seen firsthand how this therapeutic area has changed.
    Over the past decade, the demand for rheumatology care has grown
    steeply as the population has aged, while at the same time, the pressures
    and complexities facing rheumatology practices have increased.
    Our new report seeks to understand how rheumatologists are managing
    these changing dynamics. We explored their perspectives on the impact
    of COVID-19, how new reimbursement policies are affecting clinical
    treatment and practice operations, and the role that technology and AI
    may play in the future of rheumatology care.
    The research shared in this issue was fielded using web-based surveys
    from July through September 2021. More than 85 rheumatologists from
    a mix of community- and hospital-based practices throughout the U.S.
    participated in the research.
    At Cardinal Health, we believe that understanding the needs of
    healthcare providers is key to the delivery of better patient care. We hope
    you find the insights in the enclosed report to be as valuable as we do.
    Sincerely,

    Heidi Hunter
    President, Cardinal Health Specialty Solutions

2                                                                                 3
Rheumatology Insights: October 2021 - Cardinal Health Specialty Solutions - Views on industry trends impacting rheumatology practices nationwide
COVID-19

                          At the time our first Rheumatology Insights
                          report was published in June 2020, COVID-19
                          was widely viewed as an acute health crisis
                          that healthcare providers and patients would
                          need to manage through for several months
                          until healthcare could return to “normal.”
                          Today, as the U.S. continues to wrestle with new variants of the virus and resurging
                          infection rates, there is broad consensus that COVID-19 will have long-term
                          implications on how healthcare is delivered across all therapeutic areas.
                          The evidence of COVID-19’s impact on rheumatology was clearly seen during the 2020
                          American College of Rheumatology Meeting, in which numerous abstracts examined
                          how rheumatologists’ use of telemedicine has evolved,1 and several posters explored
                          how smartphone apps have been used to support telemonitoring of rheumatic
                          disease activity2 during the pandemic.
                          As COVID-19 continues to create challenges for rheumatology practices, we were
                          curious to understand rheumatologists’ views on the long-term implications of the

    Assessing the
                          virus, and to know how patient needs and care protocols have changed. We also
                          wanted to learn whether the pandemic is continuing to impact the financial and
                          operational performance of rheumatology practices.

    impacts of COVID-19
    on rheumatology
    practices and
4
    patient care                                                                                                            5
Rheumatology Insights: October 2021 - Cardinal Health Specialty Solutions - Views on industry trends impacting rheumatology practices nationwide
COVID-19 has shifted the paradigm of care for rheumatologists                                                                                                                   COVID-19

    OUR VIEWPOINT
                                                                                       FINANCIAL IMPACT: More than 4 in 10 rheumatologists surveyed
    Gordon K. Lam, MD, FACR                                                            said the financial health of their practices is not as strong as it
    Medical Director of Clinical Research                                              was before the pandemic, though new patient referrals are stable
    Arthritis & Osteoporosis Consultants of the Carolinas
                                                                                       or increased.
    The responses to our COVID-19 survey questions reflect the significant impact
    the pandemic has had on rheumatologists and their patients over the past           Which of the following best describes the financial health of your practice today?
    year and a half. The adoption of telemedicine services is perhaps most notable.
    According to our survey, only 16% were using telemedicine services before the      The financial health of our practice is not as strong today as it was before the pandemic
    start of the pandemic, but almost all practices adopted it in 2020. In addition,
    93% of surveyed respondents say they expect some portion of patient visits            43%
    will continue to be managed via telemedicine after the end of the pandemic.
                                                                                       The financial health of our practice is about the same today as it was before the pandemic
    Although all rheumatologists would probably agree that in-person patient
    visits are always preferrable to virtual appointments, telemedicine has               46%
    enabled rheumatologists to maintain continuity of care during the pandemic,
    has provided a way to see patients who might not otherwise be able to              The financial health of our practice is better today than it was before the pandemic
    receive care, and has created a new mechanism for reimbursement. An
    overwhelming majority (90%) of survey participants said they expect to use            11%
    telemedicine to see patients who lacked transportation, 46% would use it to
    see immunocompromised patients, and another 41% expect to use it to triage         N = 87

    patients in emergency situations.
    In regard to new patient volume, 79% of surveyed rheumatologists say they          Which of the following best describes your new patient referral volume today compared
    are seeing the same amount or more patients than they did before the               to pre-pandemic?
    pandemic, while 21% say they are seeing fewer patients. The 21% is surprising
    given that demand for rheumatology services nationwide has continued to            We are seeing fewer new patient referrals today than before the pandemic
    increase. This may reflect the ongoing impact of COVID-19 and could suggest
    that some patients may be continuing to delay healthcare needs that are not           21%
    viewed as urgent – or that referring physicians are simply too busy treating
    COVID patients to refer patients for rheumatology treatment.                       We are seeing similar levels of new patient referrals as before the pandemic

    One important trend that is not reflected in the research is how rheumatology         42%
    treatments may shift due to their overlap with acute COVID infections and to
    their possible interactions with vaccines. The pandemic has led to shortages       We are seeing more new patient referrals today than before the pandemic
    of certain medications, like IL-6 inhibitors, and research has shown that
    several commonly used treatments, such as methotrexate, rituximab, and                37%
    mycophenolate, may affect a patient's humoral response to the COVID-19
    vaccine.3 These effects may impact rheumatologists' treatment decisions, and       N = 87
    their recommendations on the timing of the vaccine doses.4 Clearly, these will
    be important trends to watch over the coming months.
                                                                                                                          79% of participating rheumatologists
                                                                                                                          said new patient referrals are the same or greater
                                                                                                                          than before the pandemic.

6                                                                                                                                                                                              7
Rheumatology Insights: October 2021 - Cardinal Health Specialty Solutions - Views on industry trends impacting rheumatology practices nationwide
COVID-19                                                                                                                                                                                     COVID-19

       TELEMEDICINE: Nearly two-thirds of participating rheumatologists                                 For what purposes will you use telemedicine in the future?
       said the pandemic caused them to adopt new approaches they will                                  To see patients who lack transportation to appointments                                  90%
       continue to use long term, such as telemedicine.                                                 To see patients who are immunocompromised                                                46%
       Which of the following most aligns with your view on how the COVID-19 pandemic                   To triage patients who may need emergency care                                           41%
       impacted patient care in your practice?
                                                                                                        N = 81
       The pandemic led us to adopt new approaches to patient
       care, some of which we will maintain over the long term                                  58%

       The pandemic had a temporary impact on how we
       treated patients, but it has not had a long-term impact                                  39%

       The pandemic had very little impact on patient care
                                                                                                  3%
       N = 87

       Before the COVID-19 pandemic, what percentage of your patient visits were conducted
       via telemedicine? After the end of the pandemic, what percentage of your patient visits
       do you anticipate will be conducted via telemedicine?

                                                                                      Before pandemic

                                                                                      After pandemic

                                                             4%
        84%         7%            10% 45%                            26%   1%   14%   1%        8%                                While few practices were using telemedicine before the pandemic,

       N = 87
                None                   1-10%                     11-20%     21-30%     31% or more
                                                                                                          93%                     93% of participating rheumatologists
                                                                                                                                  said they will continue to use it in the future, particularly with
                                                                                                                                  patients who lack transportation to appointments.

8                                                                                                                                                                                                           9
Rheumatology Insights: October 2021 - Cardinal Health Specialty Solutions - Views on industry trends impacting rheumatology practices nationwide
COVID-19

     IMPACT ON PATIENT CARE: 90% of rheumatologists surveyed
     said the social and economic challenges posed by COVID-19 have
     negatively impacted patients, with mental health support cited as
     the most pressing unmet patient need.

     Please indicate your degree of agreement with this statement. Social and economic
     challenges created by the COVID-19 pandemic (including higher unemployment, social isolation,
     etc.) have had a negative impact on the health of my patients.

     N = 87

         31%                     59%                        9%             1%            0%
        Strongly agree               Agree                 Neither agree   Disagree   Strongly disagree
                                                           nor disagree

     What gaps or unmet needs in patient care have been revealed by the COVID-19
     pandemic? Please select all that apply.

     Mental health support                                                                       83%

     Medication adherence support                                                                61%

     Support navigating insurance coverage/managed care                                          55%

     Support with managing the cost of their therapy                                             52%

     Caregiver support                                                                           43%

     Other                                                                                         5%

     I do not see any significant gaps/unmet needs in patient care                                 1%

     N = 87

10                                                                                                          11
Rheumatology Insights: October 2021 - Cardinal Health Specialty Solutions - Views on industry trends impacting rheumatology practices nationwide
INDUSTRY DYNAMICS

                         Although the COVID-19 pandemic created
                         unique challenges for rheumatology
                         providers, the landscape for rheumatology
                         practices has also been complicated by
                         new clinical developments and changes in
                         reimbursement policies.
                         The continuing shift from fee-for-service reimbursement to value-based reimbursement has
                         been a significant challenge for rheumatology practices for several years, as demonstrated
                         by our 2020 Rheumatology Insights survey. This year, to add to the complexity, the Centers
                         for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) released a new average sales price (ASP) calculation
                         methodology for self-administered drugs,5 resulting in reimbursement decreases for several
                         therapies that are commonly prescribed by rheumatologists.
                         At the same time, rheumatologists are seeing a shift in the mix between infused therapies
                         and oral therapies. This impacts reimbursement because infused medicines are purchased
                         on a “buy and bill” model, meaning providers are reimbursed for the ASP of the therapy plus
                         6%. During the COVID-19 pandemic, some rheumatologists shifted immunocompromised
                         patients to oral therapies to avoid additional clinic visits. However, a new FDA black box
                         warning on some oral therapies for arthritis6 and recent shortages of other medications7
                         may result in a shift back to infused medicines.
                         Our survey sought to understand how rheumatologists are thinking about these issues, and

     Responding to
                         what steps they are taking to help their practices respond to the challenges.

     changing industry
     and reimbursement
12
     dynamics                                                                                                          13
Rheumatology Insights: October 2021 - Cardinal Health Specialty Solutions - Views on industry trends impacting rheumatology practices nationwide
Declining reimbursement continues to challenge rheumatologists,
     and many do not have a plan for replacing lost revenue                                                                                                              INDUSTRY DYNAMICS

     OUR VIEWPOINT
                                                                                        CRITICAL CHALLENGES: Value-based care and changing
     Gordon K. Lam, MD, FACR                                                            reimbursement models were cited as the biggest challenges
     Medical Director of Clinical Research                                              facing rheumatology practices, along with lack of providers and
     Arthritis & Osteoporosis Consultants of the Carolinas
                                                                                        increasing administrative duties.
     The rheumatology landscape has shifted over the past year – but the results of
     our survey show that 28% of rheumatologists still perceive value-based care        Which of the following do you consider to be the biggest challenge facing your practice?
     and changing reimbursement models as the top challenges, consistent with
     29% in 2020. Interestingly, fewer survey participants said they see increasing        2021      2020
     administrative duties as a top challenge: 24% in 2021 vs. 33% in 2020.
                                                                                        N = 87     N = 102
     Although declining reimbursement is seen as a top challenge, it is not
     apparent that many rheumatologists have a clear plan on how to effectively
     respond or counteract that trend. According to the study, 59% said
     reimbursement changes to self-administered drug products would have a
     significant negative or somewhat negative impact on their practice, yet more
     than a third of respondents (38%) said they were either unsure how they
     would mitigate the impact or would not take steps to mitigate.
     The survey also indicated that many rheumatology practices may be missing
     opportunities to strengthen their financial performance by adding new
     revenue streams. Expanding infusion services to therapeutic areas outside of
     rheumatology has become an increasingly recognized revenue-generating
     strategy for many practices, yet nearly half (46%) of our participants said they
     infuse rheumatology patients only and another 15% said they do not have an
     infusion center.
     Perceptions about the impact of oral therapies on rheumatology practices
                                                                                                 28%              29%           18%               15%            24%                33%
     was mixed with 28% saying they do not expect much impact, 46% saying they           Value-based care and the changing   Lack of providers to support the   Increasing administrative and
     expect to do fewer infusions, and 26% saying they are unsure what the impact            reimbursement landscape           growing number of patients        practice management duties
     will be. While research shows that patients prefer oral therapies over infused
     therapies,8 the recent FDA announcement about black box warnings for JAK
     inhibitors9 and the shortage of tocilizumab due to the pandemic surge,10
     both of which occurred after this survey was completed, will likely affect
     rheumatologists’ treatment decisions in the near term.
     On the whole, the survey results indicate that rheumatologists and their
     administrators may need to put more focus on revenue management to
     maintain financial performance, as reimbursement pressures are likely to
     intensify in the future.
                                                                                                 10%               8%           15%               10%             5%                  5%
                                                                                                  Increasing healthcare         Lack of time to spend on                Competition
                                                                                                    costs for patients                patient care

14                                                                                                                                                                                              15
Rheumatology Insights: October 2021 - Cardinal Health Specialty Solutions - Views on industry trends impacting rheumatology practices nationwide
INDUSTRY DYNAMICS                                                                                                                                                                                      INDUSTRY DYNAMICS

        As the U.S. population ages, demand for rheumatology services is expected to grow while                      A growing number of oral therapies for rheumatology are in the drug development pipeline.
        the number of practicing rheumatologists is expected to decrease. How does your practice                     As more oral therapies come to market, how do you see your practice changing?
        expect to manage these changing dynamics? Please select your top 3.

                                                                                             2021        2020

                                                                                        N = 87      N = 102

                                                                                                                            37%                        28%                       26%                              9%
                                                                                                                     We expect to perform fewer     We do not expect any     I am not sure how more      We expect to perform fewer
                                                                                                                     infusions and subcutaneous     major impact over the   oral therapies will impact   infusions and subcutaneous
                                                                                                                     injections and expect to see    next several years            my practice            injections and will explore
                                                                                                                                                                                                           in-practice dispensing or
                                                                                                                         a decrease in revenue
                                                                                                                                                                                                         adding a specialty pharmacy

           47%          57%            31%          20%        32%          34%            30%          34%
           Hire more advanced             Hire more            Expand patient care        Invest in technology/
           practice providers/         administrative staff     with telemedicine       tools to enable providers
                clinicians                                                               to spend more time on
                                                                                               patient care

           16%          14%            15%          23%        10%           8%              8%         11%
         Extend hours to provide      Postpone retirement     Use consulting services   Sell or merge the practice
       patient services on evenings                             to aid with practice
            and/or weekends                                        management

                                  Nearly one third of rheumatologists say they expect to                                                       Almost 4 in 10 participating rheumatologists said they
                                  hire more administrative staff, up from just                                                                 expect to perform fewer infusions and injections
                                  20% a year ago.                                                                                              as more oral therapies arrive on the market.
16                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      17
Rheumatology Insights: October 2021 - Cardinal Health Specialty Solutions - Views on industry trends impacting rheumatology practices nationwide
INDUSTRY DYNAMICS                                                                                                                                                                            INDUSTRY DYNAMICS

        DECLINING REIMBURSEMENTS: About 60% of rheumatologists                                                 This year, the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) announced reimbursement
                                                                                                               changes for certain Medicare Part B drugs (such as Orencia® and Cimzia®) that have self-
        surveyed said reimbursement has declined, though some have                                             administered formulations. How much of a negative impact will this adjustment have on
        adapted by adding new sources of revenue.                                                              your practice this year?

        Which of the following best describes your view of the reimbursement landscape
        in rheumatology?

                                                               14%
                 47%                   37%                                                  2%
         Reimbursement for my
        practice has declined over
                                     We have not seen a
                                     significant change
                                                            Reimbursement has
                                                          declined, but my practice
                                                                                      Reimbursement for my
                                                                                      practice has increased
                                                                                                                  20%                      39%                       17%              11%             13%
               the past year         in reimbursement       has counterbalanced         over the past year
                                                          these changes by adding                                  Significant              Somewhat                   Very little    No impact        Not sure
                                     over the past year
                                                           new sources of revenue                                                                                   negative impact
                                                                                                                 negative impact          negative impact
        N = 87

                                                                                                               N = 87

                                                                                                               What strategies will you implement to mitigate this negative impact? Please select all that apply.

                                                                                                               Explore other new revenue streams                                                              33%
                                                                                                               Start new patients on different drug therapies                                                 27%
                                                                                                               Move existing patients to different drug therapies                                             23%
                                                                                                               Change my payer mix/Limit the number of Medicare patients                                      11%
                                                                                                               Unsure                                                                                         18%
                                                                                                               I do not anticipate making any changes to mitigate the impact                                 20%

                                                                                                               N = 66

18                                                                                                                                                                                                                    19
INDUSTRY DYNAMICS                                                                                                                                                                                              INDUSTRY DYNAMICS

        MULTI-SPECIALTY PRACTICES: About 1 in 3 rheumatologists                                                           PATHWAY PROGRAMS: Only about 1 in 4 rheumatologists surveyed
        surveyed said they infuse patients from other specialties, primarily                                              said their practice participates in commercial payer or health plan-
        to address community need.                                                                                        sponsored pathway programs, but 14% said they are considering it
                                                                                                                          for the future.
        Which of the following best describes your current practice?
                                                                                                                          Does your practice participate in any commercial payer or health plan-sponsored
                                                                                                                          pathway programs?

                                                                                                                                   62           %                           24             %                    14           %

                                                                                                     5%
                 46%                     34%                          15%
                                                                                                                           No, we do not currently participate        Yes, we currently participate in   No, but we plan to participate in
         We infuse rheumatology     We are a multi-specialty      We don’t have our own          We currently infuse             in pathway programs                        pathway programs             pathway programs in the future
              patients only        infusion practice, infusing   infusion center; we refer     rheumatology patients
                                    both rheumatology and         our patients to a multi-    only, but are considering
                                                                                                                          N = 87
                                                                 specialty infusion center      expansion into other
                                    patients treated for other
                                                                                                     specialties
                                            diseases
        N = 87

                          83% of                                                    “Supports a need in
                          rheumatologists                                            my community” (35%)
                          with multispecialty                                        was the most cited reason
                          practices said they                                        for expanding into other
                          provide infusions for                                      specialties but driving                                                     Among practices in pathway programs,
                          gastroenterology
                                                                                     additional revenue (18%)                                                    participating rheumatologists
                                                                                     and mandates from practice                                                  cited limited availability of programs (28%), finding
                          patients.                                                  owners (18%) were also                                                      the patients to participate (26%) and managing data
                          Dermatology (47%),                                         mentioned.                                                                  and reporting (20%) as the biggest challenges.
                          immunology (43%) and
                          neurology (40%) were                                       N = 34

                          also commonly cited.

                          N = 30

20                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           21
AI / MACHINE LEARNING

                         As the industrywide shortage of
                         rheumatologists continues to challenge both
                         patients and providers, technology and artificial
                         intelligence (AI) are poised to potentially
                         reduce resource burdens and help support
                         diagnosis and patient treatment decisions.
                         The 2020 American College of Rheumatology Meeting featured several abstracts and posters
                         exploring the use of technology in practice, including studies using AI-driven methodologies
                         for X-ray data analysis11 and a study that examined whether machine learning can more
                         effectively identify clinical features and biomarkers to predict response to key treatments.12
                         In addition, as telemonitoring of rheumatology patients has become more common
                         during the COVID-19 pandemic, some researchers are studying the role that digital health
                         technology, such as wearables and apps, can play in supporting better health.13
                         The emerging research around these technologies and the early adoption of AI-based
                         tools in other therapeutic areas suggest there could be a significant opportunity to use
                         AI to enhance rheumatology care in the future. Our survey is intended to gauge whether
                         rheumatologists are following these technology trends and if they see the same potential
                         for AI in the years ahead.

     Technology use
     and the future
     outlook for AI in
22
     rheumatology                                                                                                         23
Rheumatologists lack familiarity with artificial intelligence and
     machine learning and are skeptical about the value of these tools                                                                                                      AI / MACHINE LEARNING

     OUR VIEWPOINT
                                                                                           CURRENT TECHNOLOGY USE: Almost all rheumatology practices
     Amy Valley, PharmD                                                                    surveyed use electronic health records (EHRs), and nearly 4 in 10
     Vice President, Clinical Strategy and Technology Solutions                            said they are likely to make further investments in EHRs in the
                                                                                           coming year.
     Advances in technology may have the potential to significantly alleviate              Which of the following technology solutions do you currently use in your practice? Which
     some of the pressures facing rheumatologists. Yet our survey shows most               of the following technology solutions do you expect to invest in during the coming year?
     rheumatologists have low awareness of these innovations and limited                   Please select all that apply.
     confidence in the ability to drive change.
     Despite increased use of artificial intelligence (AI) in rheumatology, more           Electronic health records
     than half of survey respondents (56%) said they are not very familiar with the
     use of AI and machine learning in healthcare, and less than a quarter (24%)            97%
     of respondents believe AI will have a significant impact on rheumatology               39%
     care over the next three years. In addition, only about a quarter (27%) say
     they can envision AI playing an important role in informing their treatment           Inventory management system
     decisions in the future. These results are somewhat surprising when
     considering the growing body of research showing the application of AI to              13%
     evaluate rheumatologic diseases and to predict how it will progress.
                                                                                            10%
     In addition, when asked about future applications of AI and machine
     learning, less than half (41%) say it is likely or very likely that they will drive   Practice management system
     operational efficiencies for rheumatology practices, and far fewer say it is
     likely that AI and machine learning will help to improve the quality of care           25%
     (33%) or lower healthcare costs (25%).                                                 24%
     Interestingly, many of the challenges facing rheumatologists today may
     eventually be addressed by AI-powered solutions. As our survey shows,                 Infusion management tool
     rheumatologists continue to cite declining reimbursement as their
     top challenge, and AI is increasingly being used within revenue cycle                  17%
     management tools to increase efficiency and make financial management                  19%
     more predictable. We are also seeing a growing use of AI in population
     health tools, which can be used to guide clinical decisions, such as which            Analytics and reporting tools
     patients are likely to be adherent to their treatment plan or to experience
     clinical deterioration. These tools may help providers identify patients who           25%                                                                        Solutions in place
     need proactive interventions or additional supportive services.
                                                                                            24%                                                                  Likely to invest in coming year
     Overall, our survey suggests there is a need for more education around
     the role that technology can play in supporting rheumatologists. Those                                                                             N = 87
     providers who embrace the opportunities early may see advantages in both
     clinical care delivery and the financial performance of their practice.

                                                                                                                       About 40% of participating rheumatologists
                                                                                                                       plan to invest in EHRs in the coming year though nearly all
                                                                                                                       have a system in place.

24                                                                                                                                                                                                  25
AI / MACHINE LEARNING

                                                       NEAR-TERM OUTLOOK ON AI: Most rheumatologists surveyed
                                                       said they have limited familiarity with artificial intelligence (AI)/
                                                       machine learning in healthcare and see minimal impact over the
                                                       next three years.
                                                       How familiar are you with the use of AI/machine learning in healthcare?

                                                                  11         %
                                                                    Very familiar
                                                                                                        33           %
                                                                                                        Moderately familiar
                                                                                                                                            56            %
                                                                                                                                             Not very familiar

                                                       N = 87

                                                       What impact do you expect AI/machine learning to have on rheumatology care over the
                                                       next three years?

                                                                   24%                                     53%                                 23%
     Over 75% of rheumatologists surveyed predicted     Significant impact. A considerable       Limited impact. We may see some      No impact. The promise of AI is

     limited or no impact of AI and machine learning   number of practices are likely to adopt
                                                         AI tools over the next three years.
                                                                                                  adoption of AI tools among select
                                                                                                      rheumatology practices.
                                                                                                                                      mostly theoretical at this point.

     on rheumatology care in the next three years.
                                                       N = 87

26                                                                                                                                                                        27
AI / MACHINE LEARNING

        THE LONGER VIEW: Looking longer-term, participating
        rheumatologists are generally pessimistic about the potential
        of AI/machine learning, with less than half believing it is likely
        or very likely to improve quality of care, drive operational
        efficiencies, enhance clinical outcomes or lower costs.

        Improve quality of care             Drive operational efficiencies

         8%                                  15%
        Very likely                         Very likely

         25%                                 26%
        Likely                              Likely

         40%                                 43%
        Somewhat likely                     Somewhat likely

         21%                                 11%
        Unlikely                            Unlikely

         6%                                  5%
        Very unlikely                       Very unlikely

        Enhance clinical outcomes           Lower costs

         13%                                 10%
        Very likely                         Very likely

         21%                                 15%
        Likely                              Likely

         40%                                 36%
        Somewhat likely                     Somewhat likely

         19%                                 32%
        Unlikely                            Unlikely

         7%                                  7%
        Very unlikely                       Very unlikely

        N = 87

28                                                                           29
AI / MACHINE LEARNING

     POTENTIAL AI BENEFITS: About one quarter of participating
     rheumatologists can envision AI playing an important role
     in treatment decisions, but 46% say it could provide value in
     automating administrative tasks.

     When it comes to using AI/machine learning to support treatment decisions, which of
     the following best reflects your view?

                 27%                                       64%                                         9%
     I can envision AI playing an important      AI tools may provide some useful         I would not use an AI tool to support
         role in informing my treatment       information, but ultimately, I would rely         my treatment decisions
       decisions, particularly as treatment    on my own training and judgment to
          options grow more complex                  guide treatment decisions

     N = 87

     Which of the following would be the most valuable benefit that AI/machine learning
     could deliver to your practice?
     Automating administrative tasks
     so I can focus on patients                                                                                        46%
     Identifying best treatment path so patients
     get the right drug the first time                                                                                  18%
     Predicting patients most likely to develop
     complications or experience adverse events                                                                         13%
     Accelerating diagnosis so patients
     can start treatment sooner                                                                                         12%
     Automating functions that are currently staffed
     by people, allowing my practice to save money                                                                        9%
     Predicting patients most likely to be
     non-adherent to therapy                                                                                              2%

     N = 87

30                                                                                                                                31
Contributors                                                                                                                        About Cardinal Health Specialty
Gordon K. Lam, MD, FACR                                                                                                             Solutions
Medical Director of Clinical Research
                                                                                                                                    Cardinal Health Specialty Solutions is an experienced team of
Arthritis & Osteoporosis Consultants of the Carolinas
                                                                                                                                    trusted advisors developing solutions for the opportunities
Amy Valley, PharmD                                                                                                                  and challenges facing biopharma companies and healthcare
Vice President, Clinical Strategy and Technology Solutions                                                                          providers. We enhance product success on the path to approval,
Cardinal Health Specialty Solutions                                                                                                 launch and commercialization with configurable, integrated
                                                                                                                                    offers to meet unique needs. We also deliver knowledge, scale

A note from our medical team                                                                                                        and proven technology to enable providers to deliver high-
                                                                                                                                    quality and efficient patient care. For rheumatologists, these
We hope you enjoy the second issue of Rheumatology Insights,                                                                        services are delivered through Cornerstone Rheumatology™ GPO.
a publication based on our research with rheumatologists
across the U.S.
                                                                                                                                    References
As Cardinal Health Specialty Solutions continues to expand                                                                          1      Price L, Melendez G, Pouliot P. Lasting COVID-19 Impacts on US Rheumatology
its work across a range of therapeutic areas, we are pleased                                                                               Practices [abstract]. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2020; 72 (suppl 10).
to collaborate with leading clinical experts like Gordon Lam,                                                                       2      Seppen B, L’ami M, dos Santos Rico S, et al. A Smartphone App for Self-Monitoring
MD. Dr. Lam, who currently serves as Medical Director of                                                                                   of Rheumatoid Arthritis Disease Activity to Assist Patient-Initiated Care: Protocol
Clinical Research, Arthritis and Osteoporosis Consultants of                                                                               for a Randomized Controlled Trial [abstract]. JMIR Research Protocols. 2020, 02; (9).

the Carolinas, has worked with Cardinal Health for the past                                                                         3      Haberman R, Herati R, Simon D et al. Methotrexate hampers immunogenicity to
three years on research and education projects that create                                                                                 BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine in immune-mediated inflammatory disease.
                                                                                                                                           Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases. 2021;80:1339-1344.
value for rheumatology practices, healthcare providers and
pharmaceutical manufacturers. In this issue of Rheumatology                                                                         4      Rheumatology Patients on Immunosuppressive Medications Qualify for Third
Insights, Dr. Lam brings his expert perspective to our sections                                                                            COVID-19 Vaccine Dose. https://www.rheumatology.org/About-Us/Newsroom/
                                                                                                                                           Press-Releases/ID/1159.
on COVID-19 and the changing reimbursement landscape.
                                                                                                                                    5      July 2021 Quarterly Average Sales Price (ASP) Medicare Part B Drug Pricing
We are also proud to share an expert perspective from our                                                                                  Files and Revisions to Prior Quarterly Pricing Files. https://www.cms.gov/files/
colleague, Amy Valley, PharmD, who serves as Vice President                                                                                document/mm12244.pdf. Accessed

of Clinical Strategy and Technology Solutions. Amy has                                                                              6, 9   FDA requires warnings about increased risk of serious heart-related events, cancer,
spent much of the past year developing and launching new                                                                                   blood clots, and death for JAK inhibitors that treat certain chronic inflammatory
                                                                                                                                           conditions. https://www.fda.gov/drugs/drug-safety-and-availability/fda-requires-
technology solutions to help community practices achieve
                                                                                                                                           warnings-about-increased-risk-serious-heart-related-events-cancer-blood-clots-
better performance in value-based care. We couldn’t think of                                                                               and-death.
anyone better to expound on our artificial intelligence and
                                                                                                                                    7, 10 Pandemic surge causes major shortage of a drug that treats rheumatoid arthritis
technology research.                                                                                                                      and severe Covid-19. https://www.cnn.com/2021/08/27/health/actemra-shortage-
                                                                                                                                          rheumatoid-arthritis-covid/index.html.
As always, we look forward to hearing your thoughts and
feedback on our work.                                                                                                               8      Fayad F, Ziade NR, Merheb G, et al. Patient preferences for rheumatoid arthritis
                                                                                                                                           treatments: results from the national cross-sectional LERACS study. Patient Prefer
Bruce Feinberg, DO                                         Ajeet Gajra, MD, MBBS, FACP                                                     Adherence. 2018;12:1619–1625.

Vice President                                             Vice President                                                           11     Ringsted S, Sathe N, Deodhar A, Choi D. An Artificial Intelligence (AI) Assistant
Chief Medical Officer                                      Chief Medical Officer                                                           Identifying Spinal Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis on Plain X-rays: A Pilot
                                                                                                                                           Deep Learning Study [abstract]. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2020; 72 (suppl 10).

Methodology
                                                                                                                                    12     Rehberg M, Giegerich C, Praestgaard A, et al. Identification of a Rule to Predict
                                                                                                                                           Response to Sarilumab in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis Using Machine
                                                                                                                                           Learning and Clinical Trial Data [abstract]. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2020; 72 (suppl 10).
The research was fielded using web-based surveys from July
through September 2021. More than 85 rheumatologists                                                                                13     Webster D, Haberman R, Perez-Chada L, et al. Development and Preliminary
                                                                                                                                           Validation of Smartphone Sensor-based Measurement Tools for Psoriatic Arthritis
from a mix of community- and hospital-based practices
                                                                                                                                           [abstract]. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2020; 72 (suppl 10).
participated in the research.

Let’s explore how we can help.
specialtysolutions@cardinalhealth.com

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Providers: cardinalhealth.com/cornerstonerheumatology

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