Sen4CAP Sentinels for CAP monitoring approach - Sen4CAP team European Space Agency, Earth Observation Directorate - Copernicus
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Sen4CAP
Sentinels for CAP monitoring approach
Sen4CAP team
European Space Agency, Earth Observation Directorate
ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use
Sentinels for Agricultural Dynamics
Majority of Europe >2 day revisit Majority of Europe >3 day revisit
S-1A & -1B- For
ESA UNCLASSIFIED (July-Sept
Official Use 2018) S-2A & -2B (July-Sept 2018)
24 MARS conference | 21/11/2018 | Slide
th 2
Sen4CAP Evolution
CzechAgri Request Sen4CAP KO EU Parliament User Consultation
2015/16 Jan 2017 Ref. Ares(2017)277720 - 18/01/2017
2017 2017 2017
EUROPEAN COMMISSION
DIRECTORATE-GENERAL FOR AGRICULTURE AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT
DIRECTORATE GENERAL FOR INTERNAL MARKET, INDUSTRY, ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND
SME'S
Directorate D. Direct support
Space policy, Copernicus and Defence
Directors
Brussels,
D3/BR/cj Ares(2016) 7830056
Subject: Cooperation between the European Commission and the European
Space Agency (ESA) on the follow-up of the CzechAgri study
Dear Mr Aschbacher,
Both ESA and the European Commission have an interest in promoting and supporting
the development of Earth Observation (EO) use and related capacity in Agriculture.
We have taken great interest in the results of the CzechAgri study that was jointly
initiated in December 2015 by ESA, DG JRC and SZIF (Czech Paying Agency) and
successfully implemented thanks to ESA funding and a technical steering involving DG
AGRI.
Following these promising results, it would be extremely useful to further explore –in
close cooperation with the European Commission– the capabilities of the Copernicus
Sentinels in view of the current works on the modernisation and simplification of the
CAP and the opportunities of EO from space for supporting the Integrated
Administration and Control System (IACS). As you may know, technical solutions to
improve and to make the IACS more cost efficient are high on the political agenda. A
promising way forward is offered by the important potential of Sentinel/Copernicus for
administration and control purposes, i.e. in a broader perspective than the current on-the-
spot controls using remote sensing. Indeed, the ambition for the next programming
period is greater, we also want the IACS to be a key tool in the delivery of enhanced
environmental services and public goods.
With this letter, we acknowledge and welcome ESA´s readiness to continue this effort by
conducting two or three follow-up pilot studies to the CzechAgri project in preparation of
the CAP 2020 reform together with the main stakeholders (DG AGRI, DG GROW and
DG JRC) and the national Paying Agencies.
1st
Evidence Checks by Monitoring 1st Demonstration Results
Mr. Josef Aschbacher
Director of Earth Observation Programmes
European Space Agency
Via Galileo Galilei
Casella postale 64
00044 Frascati - Italy
Commission européenne/Europese Commissie, 1049 Bruxelles/Brussel, BELGIQUE/BELGIË - Tel. +32 22991111
March 2018 May 2018 November 2018
ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use 24th MARS conference | 21/11/2018 | Slide 3
CAP Monitoring Approach – Technology meets Policy
Sen4CAP Objectives:
o Provide evidence how Sentinel derived information can support the
modernization and simplification of the CAP in the post 2020 timeframe
o Provide validated algorithms, products, workflows and best practices
for agriculture monitoring relevant for the management of the CAP
ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use 24th MARS conference | 21/11/2018 | Slide 4
Sen4CAP – Expertise, Technology & Collaboration
Paying Agencies
& Farmers
Validated
DG-Agri, JRC,
DG-Grow Performance CAP2020
Reform
National
Cloud
Demonstration
EO Experts Technology
(DIAS)
ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use 24th MARS conference | 21/11/2018 | Slide 5
Sen4CAP Pilot Countries ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use 24th MARS conference | 21/11/2018 | Slide 6
From Satellites to Compliance - IACS use cases
Use case
Crop diversification
Permanent grassland identification
EFA-Land lying fallow
EFA-Catch crops Use Cases
w/ Paying 2 nd
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Claimless system
ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use 24th MARS conference | 21/11/2018 | Slide 7
Sentinel-based markers for CAP Monitoring
Autumn
barley
Crop type mapping
Vegetation growing Crop type information & vegetation growing indicators
indicator Sunflower
Grassland mowing
detection
Number of detected mowing events
Agricultural practices
monitoring
ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use 24Physical
th MARS conference
markers | 21/11/2018
to monitor EFA agricultural practices | Slide 8
Parcel Level Implementation – New Approach
Czech Republic • 5-m inner
Netherlands Lithuania
buffer
3% 0% 9% 0% 6% 0%
• Parcels
whose
Parcels Area Parcels Area Parcels Area centroid
is inside
97% 100% 91% 100% 94%
100%
Italy Romania
# of parcels
16% 11% 2%
36%
Area Parcels
64% Area Parcels Area
84% 89%
98%
ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use *based on crop diversification use case 24th MARS conference | 21/11/2018 | Slide 9
Monitoring of Agricultural Practices
• IACS use case: Ecological Focal Area compliancy (5% area for farms >15ha)
• based on S1&2 time series – 5 markers tracing crop activities
Harvest
Catch crop, Czech Republic
Output:
Harvest (per parcel)
– Visual check
• Harvest detection
• Harvest week
• Catch crop detection
• Confidence level for Catch Crop
compliancy period
Winter Catch Crop – Visual check
ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use 24th MARS conference | 21/11/2018 | Slide 10HARVEST CATCH CROP PERIOD
WINTER WHEAT
HARVEST CATCH CROP PERIOD HARVEST CATCH CROP PERIOD
SPRING WHEAT SPRING WHEAT
ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use 24th MARS conference | 21/11/2018 | Slide 11Crop type mapping for crop diversification monitoring
Netherlands - National Scale High confidence in agreement
Average confidence in agreement
Observed crop type Weak confidence in agreement
(2017) High confidence in disagreement
95% of parcels
Full Resolution Visualization Online:
ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use http://www.esa.int/spaceinimages/Images/2018/05/Crop_map
24th MARS conference | 21/11/2018 | Slide 12Crop type mapping for crop diversification monitoring
Castilla y Leon – « National Scale »
Castilla y Leon - 2018
Observed crop type OA = 84%
map (2018)
95% of
total area
ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use 24th MARS conference | 21/11/2018 | Slide 13Crop type mapping for crop diversification monitoring
Castilla y Leon – « National Scale »
Observed crop type Agreement indicator Compliance indicator
map (2018) at the parcel level at the holding level
ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use 24th MARS conference | 21/11/2018 | Slide 14Permanent Grassland Use Case (Czech Republic)
Grassland mowing product consists in the detection of mowing events occurred on grassland parcels during the period of
interest and in the assessment of their compliancy, according to the national regulations
0 National Czech Republic
✓ Parcel identifier
1
2
regulations
✓ Grassland Crop type At least 1 mowing or grazing
within 31st July
✓ Number of mowing events (maximum 4)
✓ For each mowing event (up to 4):
Compliancy level
o Temporal interval in which the mowing
event occurred (t_start and t_end)
0: Not assessed
o Confidence level in terms of
1: Assessed and compliant because
probability of right mowing (conf)
a mowing occurred in the
o Satellite mission data used for reference period
detection of mowing (S1, S2 or both)
2: Assessed and not compliant
o Compliancy level because no mowing occurred in
the reference period
ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use 24th MARS conference | 21/11/2018 | Slide 152018 – Status of production & parcel analysis
• Evaluation of impact of parcel size and shape number of parcels assessed
• Approach adopted: all parcels having at least 1 pixel whose centroid falls inside 5 meters buffer
• Performance – preliminary 2018 results for NLD show >80% accuracy (2017 accuracy: NLD 88%, CZE 89%)
• High heterogeneity of grassland phenology between different climate zones (e.g. NDL - ESP)
Area Of EO input Total Parcels not Mean parcel area Total AOI area not
Country
Interest up to now Parcels (n°) assessed (%) not assessed (ha) assessed (%)
NLD* 100 % country S2 404.975 0.3 % 0.8 ha 0.1 %
CZE* 100 % country S2 323.269 0.03 % 1.3 ha 0.01 %
S2
LTU 100 % country 402.160 0.1 % 0.9 ha 0.05 %
S1
100 % of the AOI
ITA* S2 277.603 17 % 0.01 ha 0.2 %
(5 Regions)
100 % of the AOI
ESP in progress 1.273.693
(Castilla Y Leon)
ROU 100 % country in progress 2.080.995
* Statistics on NLD, CZE and ITA are based on products generated only on the basis of S2 data. They could be slightly
overestimated
ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use 24th MARS conference | 21/11/2018 | Slide 16Preliminary 2018 results
Grassland mowing detection - Lithuannia
Based on S1 and S2 (only NDVI)
Final version will also use S2 LAI and FAPAR
277.603 parcels of Grassaland
• GPŽ, Pasture or meadow, perennial grass up to 5 years
• DGP, Perennial pastures or meadows 5 years and more
• GPA, Pasture or meadow, perennial grass up to 5
years, renewed in the current year
• EPT, Extensive meadows grazing with livestock
• NPT, Natural and semi-natural meadows
• SPT, Specific meadows
• 5PT-2, Extensive management of wetlands (direct
payments are paid
ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use 24th MARS conference | 21/11/2018 | Slide 17Design of Sen4CAP processing system
Sen4CAP Orchestrator
Decomposition into tiles
Automated Download
Biophysical Indicators Processor Vegetation
Status
Biophysical Indicators Processor Indicators
Node #1
Scheduled
Scheduled
Grassland Monitoring Processor Monitoring
of Mowing
Grassland Monitoring Processor Events
Node #2
S2 L1C Time Triggered Scheduled
Series
Crop Type Map Processor Crop Type
Atmospheric L2A Optical Map & Sentinel-Hub
Corrections Time Series Crop Type Map Processor Extent Area
Node #3
(MAJA)
L8 L1T Time Scheduled
Series Agricultural
Agricultural Practices Monitoring Interactive RGB
Practices Imagery and Simple
Processor
Triggered Agricultural Practices Monitoring Monitoring Idicators
Processor Node #4 Indicators
S1 Amplitude Scheduled
S1 SLC Time
SAR Pre- Coherence
Series Time Series
Processing
In-situ Information
& LPIS
Triggered
Simple Indicators for Visualization
Simple Indicators for Visualization
Node #5
ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use 24th MARS conference | 21/11/2018 | Slide 18Towards uptake by Paying Agencies Integration of S1 & S2 images, EO products & markers in PA’s environment WMS providing RGB imagery and simple indicators o Easily integrated in PAs environment o S1, S2 & L8 images o Planet imagery visualization o Vegetation Indicators (NDVI, LAI, Fcover, FAPAR) o Time filtering o Configurable visualization o Reprojection to local coordinate systems o Customizable by country ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use 24th MARS conference | 21/11/2018 | Slide 19
Visualisation tool – Compliancy at parcel/farm level ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use 24th MARS conference | 21/11/2018 | Slide 20
Validation – performance across EU heterogeneity
• In-situ data sets shared by Paying Agencies
• LPIS/GSAA datasets, subsidy applications, physical inspections, CwRS
• Dedicated In-situ data sets
• farmer interviews – 250 to 500 fields surveyed by practices & country
• Visual analysis of Planet time series (250-500 fields by practices & country)
• Sampling heterogeneous EU agricultural landscape:
• LPIS types: Cadastral (IT, ES), Physical Block (NL, LI, RO), Farmers Block (CZ)
• Field sizes: Minimum: RO & IT 72-85% < 1ha, Maximum: CZ 66% > 1ha
• Landscape & climate: wide geographical range
• Validation results 2017 (2018 on-going):
• crop type (OA): CZ 93%, ES 83%, IT 66%, LI 87%, NDL 96%, RO 71%
• grassland (OA): CZ 89%, NDL 88%
ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use 24th MARS conference | 21/11/2018 | Slide 21Visual Validation - Grassland Mowing
3 May First Mowing Date 1: 07.05.2018
4 May
5 May 8 May
ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use 24th MARS conference | 21/11/2018 | Slide 22From National to European scale
Czech Italy Europe
Republic (indicative)
Input EO data (2018-2019) 28 TB 100 TB 2 PB
Output L2 data (2018- 34 TB 123 TB 2 PB
2019)
Output L3 data (2018- 14 TB 50 TB 1 PB
2019)
Processing & pre- 16 cores, 32 500 cores, 4 TB
processing resources 128 GB cores,256
(ongoing) GB
Distribution resources 8 cores, 64 16 cores, 96 50 cores, 352 TB
(ongoing) GB GB
ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use 24th MARS conference | 21/11/2018 | Slide 23From Satellites to Compliance - Implementation
Sentinel-1 & -2
EO products Use Cases
w/ Paying
Agencies
In-situ data
Cloud
Technology
(DIAS)
ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use 24th MARS conference | 21/11/2018 | Slide 24DIAS assessment and migration plans
DIAS assessment:
• Sen4CAP requirements definition
• RFI document to the 5 DIAS-es
• 2 weeks of services verification
• Results:
• Data availability/offer
• Data access reliability
• ICT performance
Selection in progress
to be ready end of 2018 for
continuous processing in 2019
ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use 24th MARS conference | 21/11/2018 | Slide 25Sen4CAP: An European Effort to prepare for CAP2020
• Open & operational Sentinel time series enable CAP monitoring approach
• Interaction with PA operations for IACS implementation essential
• Sen4CAP tools support automated, E2E monitoring at large scale
• Cloud computing on DIAS will allow for national to European up-scaling
• Open source approach for direct and customizable uptake & sharing
• Hand in hand demonstration in 2019 together with Paying Agencies
http://esa-sen4cap.org
ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use 24th MARS conference | 21/11/2018 | Slide 26You can also read
