CIFER STATUS UPDATE 2012 - Improving Efficiency - nav canada
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CIFER
Collaborative Initiatives For Emissions Reductions
Improving Efficiency
and the Environment
//// STATUS UPDATE 2012
CIFER by the Numbers
18M
square km of airspace
12M $1.7B
aircraft movements annually invested in system since 1996
$1.7B
customer fuel cost
6.6M
metric tons of greenhouse
savings 1997–2010 gas emissions avoided
between 1997–2010
$5.3B
projected fuel savings
14M
metric tons of greenhouse
2011–2020 gas emissions reductions
forecasted 2011–2020
20.6M $7B
metric tons of greenhouse projected total fuel
gas emissions reductions savings 1997–2020
forecasted 1997–2020
Forward from the President and CEO
I am pleased to provide a status update on our We forecast that by 2020, our collaborative
Collaborative Initiatives for Emissions Reductions efforts and initiatives will enable about 21 million
(CIFER) activities. This is the third report on metric tons of GHG emission reductions and
our efforts to deliver key efficiency gains to our facilitate customer fuel savings of $7 billion.
customers across the Air Navigation System (ANS).
The environment is an issue which demands
This year, NAV CANADA established a new global solutions, particularly in the aviation sector.
overarching corporate objective related to We are working with customers and our ANSP
environmental stewardship. colleagues on many new initiatives that will help
generate further efficiency gains in the future.
I have always been a strong believer that, no matter We recognize the importance of modernizing
what business you’re in, there are three key the ANS in a way that ensures continued global
elements to success: interoperability and are encouraged by the
prospect of the changes we can achieve together.
• establishing the right objectives,
• measuring performance, and But as the saying goes, the environment demands
that we think globally and act locally. For that
• reporting in a transparent way. reason we have chosen to include in this year’s
report information on initiatives to reduce our
This status report is key to the third of those own environmental footprint as an air navigation
elements. It is our way of reporting on our service provider.
continuous efforts with respect to the environment
and the results they are having.
Last year’s report showed the cumulative effect of
Overarching Objective NAV CANADA initiatives since the company’s
inception in 1996 with forecast numbers to 2016.
Identifying, and where This year we have extended our forecasts to 2020 John Crichton
feasible, introducing to align with the ICAO resolution on voluntary President and CEO
measurable benefits which goals for international aviation emissions. The NAV CANADA
contribute to the reduction of achievements continue to be significant, in terms
the environmental footprint of both customer cost savings and reductions in
of the aviation industry. greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions.
4 NAV Canada | Improving Efficiency and the Environment
It is our combined efforts that hold the most opportunity
for success. Through constant collaboration with our
customers, stakeholders and employees, we will
implement quality improvements to the ANS and
be successful in reducing the impact of aviation on
the environment.
Rudy Kellar
Vice President, Operations
NAV CANADA
NAV Canada | Improving Efficiency and the Environment 5
CIFER at a Glance
En Route and Airport Efficiency Northern Radar Expansion Program
Seven new-generation radar surveillance systems installed in Canada’s
Reduced Vertical Separation Minimum (RVSM) North provide coverage that enhances capacity, efficiency and safety for
RVSM has increased the available capacity in Canadian airspace, domestic, polar route and international en route traffic.
reducing the vertical aircraft separation requirement for eligible aircraft
from 2,000 ft to 1,000 ft between Flight Level (FL) 290 and FL 410 Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B): Hudson Bay
inclusive. Pilots have more opportunity to request preferred flight profiles ADS-B over Hudson Bay, first implemented in 2009, allows for the
which reduce fuel burn and improve efficiency. reduced separation between equipped aircraft to five nm (from 80 nm).
With more fuel-efficient routes, and increased customer equipage, there
Polar Routes will be a corresponding increase in fuel savings and a reduction in
Polar Routes provide more efficient routing between cities in North GHG emissions. Over 35,000 flights per year can benefit from the
America and Asia, substantially reducing flight times and emissions. reduction in separation afforded by ADS-B with almost 1,000 aircraft
In November 2011 required lateral separation in the polar region currently certified for ADS-B operations in Canadian airspace.
between qualified aircraft was reduced from 60 nm to 50 nm, improving
our ability to offer optimum routing prior to entering neighbouring ADS-B: Oceanic
Russian airspace. The implementation of RVSM in Russian airspace, Six ground stations in north eastern Canada (Baffin Island and
as well as the addition of new entry points has further improved both Labrador Coast) and four stations in southern Greenland extend
capacity and flight profiles. ADS-B surveillance to parts of the North Atlantic, the world’s busiest
oceanic airspace.
North Atlantic (NAT) Random Routing
NAT Random Routing allows aircraft arriving westbound from Europe North Warning System – Surveillance
over Newfoundland and Labrador to transit to North American NAV CANADA can now access data from a portion of the Department
destinations using more efficient routes. of National Defence North Warning System. This provides an additional
40 minutes of surveillance for aircraft not equipped for ADS-B, flying
Northern Organized Track System (OTS) westbound over the Atlantic Ocean. Preferred altitudes and routing reduce
The Northern OTS uses airline-generated preferred route messages fuel consumption and facilitate efficient loading of North Atlantic tracks.
(PRMs) to provide the most efficient routes for aircraft exiting the
North Atlantic to destinations in western North American cities.
These tracks will be phased out in 2013.
6 NAV Canada | Improving Efficiency and the Environment
Multilateration (MLAT) Windsor-Toronto-Montreal Airspace and Services Project
NAV CANADA has deployed Wide Area Multilateration (WAM) and NAV CANADA is currently reviewing the Windsor-Toronto-Montreal
Airport Surface Multilateration to improve surveillance capability where corridor in consultation with customers and the Federal Aviation
it is more cost effective than radar or it is required to address gaps in Administration. The review focuses on the implementation of ICAO
radar coverage. WAM is being used at Fort St John and Vancouver performance-based navigation (PBN) concepts to improve operational
Harbour to improve the efficiency of flight operations. Another WAM efficiency in departure, en route and arrival phases. Phase I of the
system is being implemented in Kelowna for spring 2012, and others Project was implemented in early 2012.
are under consideration. Meanwhile, airport surface MLAT is already
deployed at Montreal Trudeau International Airport, and is planned for Alberta Airspace and Services Project
Calgary and Toronto Pearson International Airports.
A review of the Calgary-Edmonton Airspace has commenced. This project
has been initiated in anticipation of the parallel runway at Calgary
Area Navigation (RNAV) International Airport, scheduled for completion in 2014. Similar to the
RNAV enables equipped aircraft to fly on any flight path within coverage Windsor-Toronto-Montreal project, it will focus on the implementation of
of ground- or GPS-based navigational aids within the limits of their ICAO PBN concepts to improve operational efficiency in the departure
system. Benefits include better access to point-to-point operations, and arrival phases.
increased opportunity for more efficient en route and airport operations,
thus reducing fuel burn. There are currently over 700 RNAV instrument
procedures in Canada.
Required Navigation Performance (RNP)
RNP adds onboard performance monitoring and alerting to RNAV,
permitting “short-turn” approaches. These approaches feature constant
descent, eliminating less efficient step-down approaches and enabling
reductions in fuel consumption. New design criteria for public RNP will be
made available in 2012 by Transport Canada, permitting the expanded
application and benefits. There are over 70 RNP procedures in Canada.
Scheduling and Sequencing System (SASS)
SASS is used to help schedule and sequence airport arrival traffic,
allocating available landing slots and minimizing delays when demand
exceeds capacity. With SASS, controllers can maximize airport
efficiency during traffic surges, thereby reducing aircraft fuel burn.
NAV Canada | Improving Efficiency and the Environment 7
W
e thank NAV CANADA for the ENGAGE trials which allowed us to demonstrate how efficiency can be
improved and environmental impact reduced. Through flexible responsiveness we were able to capture
even more benefits than originally envisaged by ENGAGE. NAV CANADA showed us the possibilities
and benefits of changing altitudes and we look forward to routinely flying as many flights as possible with these
efficient and environmentally friendly profiles.
Captain Rocky Stone—Chief Surveillance Pilot
United Airlines
I
n heading up the ENGAGE Corridor Project, NAV CANADA demonstrated its proficiency, flexibility
and leadership in conducting the North Atlantic flight trials. Through NAV CANADA’s close
collaboration with its partners NATS and Air France, along with the participating airlines,
Air Canada, British Airways, United and Delta, this project indicated that considerable
benefits in reduced fuel burn and greenhouse gas emissions could be achieved in
the most complex and busiest oceanic airspace.
Alain Siebert—Chief Economics and Environment
SESAR Joint Undertaking
8 NAV Canada | Improving Efficiency and the Environment
CIFER Status Update
En Route and Airport Efficiency
Total Achievable Customer Benefits:
Initiatives Results Status Program Start to 2020
Reduced Vertical Separation Capacity enhancement $1,787 Million
Minimum (RVSM) 5,333,000 mt CO2e
Polar Routes Efficiency enhancement $2,723 Million
7,720,000 mt CO2e
North Atlantic Random Routing Efficiency enhancement $138 Million
391,000 mt CO2e
Northern Organized Track System Efficiency enhancement $57 Million
(Northern OTS) 169,000 mt CO2e
Northern Radar Expansion Program Capacity enhancement $498 Million
1,517,000 mt CO2e
ADS-B: Hudson Bay Capacity and efficiency enhancement $288 Million
778,000 mt CO2e
ADS-B: Oceanic Capacity and efficiency enhancement $91 Million
239,000 mt CO2e
North Warning System – Capacity and efficiency enhancement $53 Million
Surveillance 143,000 mt CO2e
continued on next page
Emerging In progress Mature Complete
NAV Canada | Improving Efficiency and the Environment 9
Total Achievable Customer Benefits:
Initiatives Results Status Program Start to 2020
Area Navigation (RNAV) Improved access to $607 Million
point-to-point operations 2,184,000 mt CO2e
Reduced Longitudinal Capacity and efficiency enhancement $9 Million
Separation Minimum (RLongSM) on the North Atlantic 24,000 mt CO2e
Required Navigation Descent optimization $132 Million
Performance (RNP) 361,000 mt CO2e
Scheduling and Sequencing Traffic flow optimization $180 Million
System (SASS) 549,000 mt CO2e
Windsor-Toronto-Montreal Delay reductions, capacity enhancement Phase 1 was implemented in February 2012.
Airspace and Services Review and more efficient operations through Phases 2–4 will be completed by 2015.
the application of PBN
$51 Million
133,000 mt CO2e
Alberta Airspace and Delay reductions, capacity enhancements Planning has commenced. First phase
Services Project and more efficient operations through will be fully implemented in 2014.
application of PBN
Completed to date
$4 Million
11,000 mt CO2e
10 NAV Canada | Improving Efficiency and the EnvironmentTechnology Innovation
Initiatives Results Status Achievable Customer Benefits
Canadian Automated Air Traffic Efficiency enhancement CAATS, an advanced flight data management system,
System (CAATS) and faster response to integrates all individual flight information, allowing controllers
customer requests. to handle increased traffic more efficiently and safely. It is
fully deployed in Canada’s domestic airspace. Additional
enhancements to CAATS are under development, including
medium term conflict detection, electronic flight strips and
domestic controller pilot data link communications (CPDLC).
Gander Automated Air Traffic Efficiency enhancement GAATS+ is an advanced oceanic air traffic system that
System (GAATS+) automates flight data processing so controllers can manage
both random and track based traffic. Integrated into GAATS+
are CPDLC and ADS-C (Contract), which will facilitate the
phased implementation of reduced separation in the North
Atlantic, allowing equipped aircraft to request optimal
flight profiles.
NAVCANsuite Integrated Efficiency enhancement NAV CANADA’s integrated suite of air traffic management
Tower Automation Products products includes electronic flight strips, an operational
information display system, a digital-automatic terminal
information service and terminal surveillance displays,
giving controllers and other ATS specialists the enhanced
ability to access, manage and transfer information critical
to air traffic control.
continued on next page
Emerging In progress Mature Complete
NAV Canada | Improving Efficiency and the Environment 11Initiatives Results Status Achievable Customer Benefits
FSS Modernization Project Efficiency enhancement Program will result in the modernization of all Flight Service
Stations, by adding NAVCANsuite technology, as applicable,
at all FSS locations.
Multilateration (MLAT) Efficiency enhancement MLAT provides high accuracy, low cost surveillance using
existing transponder technology. It improves situational
awareness in areas where radar coverage is not available,
allowing for the management of complex traffic flow and
resulting in safer, more efficient operations for customers.
Video Surveillance Efficiency enhancement As a stand alone system or integrated into existing airport
surveillance systems (ASDE, MLAT), video surveillance
will provide increased capability leading to more efficient
ground operations.
Data link Efficiency enhancement Improves communications in Remote and Oceanic Airspace
where other means are limited. Data link applications include
CPDLC, ADS-C, and C-ADS.
C
ontinuous collaboration between the Air Navigation Service
Provider and customers is key to understanding operational issues
and to finding solutions. Over the years, NAV CANADA personnel
have demonstrated a pro-active, collaborative approach to working
with Porter Airlines to improve service and operational efficiency.
Justin Tiplady—Director, Flight Technical
Porter Airlines
c
odole
of Tom P
courtesy
Photo
12 NAV Canada | Improving Efficiency and the EnvironmentT
he National Airlines Council of Canada continues to value the collaborative and transparent approach
NAV CANADA takes with all its customers on implementing changes to the Air Navigation System.
Specifically, the leadership the company has demonstrated with respect to implementing
Performance Based Navigation is greatly appreciated and will lead to further operational
efficiencies for our members.
Bruce Flodstedt—Chair, Flight Operations Sub-Committee
National Airlines Council of Canada
T
he application of Searidge’s ATC-grade video surveillance,
integrated with existing airport surveillance capability or
deployed as a standalone system, will provide both
airport operators and air navigation service providers with
an innovative, cost effective technology to improve
safety and efficiency.
Moodie Cheikh—Chief Executive Officer
Searidge Technologies
Photo courtesy of Fred Giammattei
NAV Canada | Improving Efficiency and the Environment 13Cumulative Tons (000) of CO2 Equivalent Avoided Since 1997 and Cumulative Millions of Dollars* of Fuel Saved
25,000 $10,000
Cumulative CO2e Tons Avoided (in thousands)
Cumulative Millions of Dollars*of Fuel Saved
20,637
20,000 19,013 $8,000
17,446
$7,011
15,932
$6,394
14,469
15,000 $5,797 $6,000
13,052
$5,222
11,680
$4,665
10,348
$4,126
10,000 9,059 $4,000
$3,605
7,780 $3,098
6,574 $2,607
5,425 $2,121
4,393
5,000 $1,731 $2,000
3,432 $1,359
2,615 $1,026
1,892
350 488 686 977 1,343 $489
$695
80 163 248 $314
$125 $189
$8 $15 $23 $39 $58 $84
0 $0
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
projected
*Canadian Dollars
14 NAV Canada | Improving Efficiency and the EnvironmentAnnual Tons (000) of CO2 Equivalent Avoided Since 1997 and Annual Millions of Dollars* of Fuel Saved
1,800 $700
1,624
1,568
1,514 $618
1,600 1,464 $596
1,416 $576 $600
Annual CO2e Tons Avoided (in thousands)
1,372
Annual Millions of Dollars*of Fuel Saved
1,332 $557
1,290 $539
$522
1,400 1,279 $507
$491
1,206 $486 $500
1,149
1,200
1,032
962 $390 $400
1,000 $372
817 $331 $334
800 723
$300
548
600 $206
366 $174 $200
400 291 $125
198
$100
139 $64
200 83 85 102
80 $41
$19 $26
$8 $7 $8 $16
0 $0
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
projected
*Canadian Dollars
NAV Canada | Improving Efficiency and the Environment 15Collaborating Globally
International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO)
NAV CANADA recognizes that improving operational efficiency on a global
scale requires significant international collaboration. Many of our customers are
international carriers who want harmonized and seamless operations from gate to
gate. That is why NAV CANADA fully participates in ICAO initiatives to develop
new international standards and recommended practices for international aviation.
One example of this is the Company’s significant involvement with the development
of the ICAO documentation for Performance Based Navigation.
In addition, NAV CANADA views the ICAO Aviation System Block Upgrade
(ASBU) program as a means to facilitate harmonized changes to the global
navigation system at a much faster pace. Recognizing that the ASBU program is
not a one size fits all concept, NAV CANADA has and will continue to implement
capability and make improvements where appropriate in reference to this
international program.
Green Trials
During 2010 and 2011, NAV CANADA collaborated in several global programs
under the umbrella of the Single European Sky ATM Research Joint Undertaking (SJU).
The common objective of three distinct projects was to reduce emissions of
greenhouse gases by applying different procedures to air traffic management,
especially on flights over the North Atlantic Ocean.
The three projects were:
1. The ENGAGE Corridor
2. Reduced Longitudinal Separation Minimum in the North Atlantic (RLongSM)
3. Airbus A380 Transatlantic Green Flights (A380 TGF)
16
16 NAV Canada | Improving Efficiency and the EnvironmentThe ENGAGE Corridor traffic is encountered, allowing for dynamic re-routing to take advantage
The ENGAGE Corridor project was designed to measure the reduction of of the wind conditions. An average reduction in fuel consumption of
aircraft emissions in North Atlantic Oceanic airspace by varying aircraft 600 kilograms per trial was achieved.
altitude and/or Mach and to determine how these trials could be safely
and efficiently translated into standard operations for NAT Oceanic flights.
Three Green – Work, Home, Community
Air carrier participants included Air Canada, Air France, British Airways, The intent of the Three Green initiative is to engage NAV CANADA and
Delta Airlines, and United Airlines. The results of the trials revealed that an our employees in the practice and promotion of resource conservation at
average of 500 litres of fuel was saved per optimized trial, representing work, at home, and in our communities, particularly in the area of energy
an average of 1.9 percent of the planned Oceanic fuel burn. conservation and greenhouse gas emissions.
Reduced Longitudinal Separation Minimum NAV CANADA has developed an internal voluntary carbon footprint
report for our major facilities to establish a baseline and identify areas
Aircraft flying on the same track of the Organized Track System (OTS)
for improvement.
over the North Atlantic Ocean (NAT) are normally separated from each
other by ten minutes longitudinally. With RLongSM, aircraft can fly at NAV CANADA is adopting the International Standard ISO 14064-1
reduced longitudinal separation, as low as five minutes. which specifies principles and requirements at the organization level
for quantification and reporting of GHG emissions and removals. We
This trial procedure was introduced in the Gander and Shanwick OCAs.
will enhance our current reporting to follow this standard, allowing us
RLongSM is available to aircraft with specific position determining
to benchmark and provide an accurate picture of our facilities’ footprint
and reporting capabilities onboard. Air traffic controllers are able to
based on industry standard. This will provide us with the ability to
distinguish these capable aircraft and can offer them opportunities to
identify opportunities to improve efficiency and reduce the impact on
reach more fuel efficient altitudes earlier and more often on account of
the environment from facility operations.
this new separation standard.
A Three Green group has been active in energy conservation by
This project analyzed the benefits of this reduced longitudinal separation
promoting energy efficiency, carpooling, cycling, no idling, and the
standard on the NAT region and found that, depending on the scenario,
implementation of new energy efficient technologies.
fuel consumption was reduced by up to 171 kilograms per trial.
Airbus A380 Transatlantic Green Flights
The A380 TGF project measured optimizations of Air France A380 flights
between New York and Paris. During the oceanic portion of the flight
trials, aircraft were accommodated at FL 390 and above, where less
NAV Canada | Improving Efficiency and the Environment 17Looking Ahead with CIFER
NAV CANADA continues to collaborate with our customers, stakeholders Communications initiatives are being undertaken that will see expanded
and employees on new initiatives that will improve operational efficiency. use of SATCOM and data link in both domestic and oceanic airspace.
As a result of this collaboration, NAV CANADA is focusing on increasing In the North Atlantic, the combination of CPDLC and ADS-C position
Performance Based Navigation applications, extending surveillance and reports are allowing appropriately equipped aircraft to cross the ocean
communications coverage, and improving airspace utilization. using reduced separation. Further expansion of CPDLC services in
northern airspace occurred in late 2011 and will be expanded in 2012.
The next step will be to expand CPDLC into radar-controlled airspace.
Performance-Based Navigation (PBN)
PBN is viewed as a major enabler to improving efficiency and reducing
fuel burn in Canada’s airspace.
Airspace Utilization
Improvements in airspace utilization are already yielding significant
NAV CANADA continues to pursue PBN initiatives. These initiatives benefits. We are currently working with our customers and other Air
will eventually result in a total PBN environment in Canada. As well, Navigation Service Providers to apply reduced longitudinal and lateral
NAV CANADA has been proactive internationally and domestically separation over the North Atlantic that will increase airspace capacity.
with regard to influencing the development of standards and regulations Furthermore, we will continue to expand our efforts to redefine domestic
necessary for the timely implementation of PBN in Canada. airspace, both terminal and en route, using new ATM technologies
and PBN concepts, resulting in better airspace utilization, improved
efficiency, and reduced fuel burn.
Surveillance and Communications
NAV CANADA continues to expand surveillance coverage through a
combination of current and emerging technologies that are facilitating Conclusion
the transition to a dependent cooperative surveillance environment. This CIFER Status Update provides a revised overview of the various
ADS-B, Multilateration, both WAM and Airport Surface, and integrated technological and operational initiatives that have been implemented as
video are all being utilized to provide improved surveillance capability well as those that are emerging. It also identifies the achievable benefits
for specific airspace or airport environments. The future expansion of in reduced fuel burn and greenhouse gas emissions, resulting from these
these capabilities in Canada will continue to be assessed and where initiatives. In the years ahead, NAV CANADA looks forward to continued
there is a positive business case, additional surveillance coverage will collaboration with our customers and partners to identify new initiatives
be implemented. that will help reduce the impact of aviation on the environment.
18 NAV Canada | Improving Efficiency and the EnvironmentNotes and Background Information
• NAV CANADA has made every effort to be as specific as possible • Some of the assumptions and formulae used for this report include:
with respect to the achievable benefits. In establishing these,
»» Projected costs for aviation fuel were established at CAD
NAV CANADA has used, among others, the following resources:
$0.85/litre for 2010 and 2011 and CAD $1.00/litre from
»» Average annual jet fuel cost: Industry and operator news and 2012 to 2020.
financial releases
»» Projected air traffic volumes from 2011 forward are
»» Average U.S. to Canadian Dollar Exchange: Bank of Canada NAV CANADA estimates.
http://www.bank-banque-canada.ca/en/rates/exchange.html
»» One metric ton equals 1,250 litres of jet fuel at a density
»» Percentage changes in traffic movements: NAV CANADA of 0.80 kg/litre.
COMPASS Service Delivery Reporting System
• NAV CANADA estimates are predicated upon customers taking
»» Average aircraft fuel consumption per minute:
advantage of the new services and procedures when they become
EUROCONTROL BADA http://www.eurocontrol.int/eec/public/
available. Actual uptake may be affected by the availability of
standard_page/proj_BADA.html
equipment, government certifications, training and more. The Company
is confident that the report reasonably reflects achievable reductions
• Greenhouse Gas (GHG) refers to those gases in an atmosphere that
in GHG emissions and the overall impact of our activities on our
absorb and emit radiation within the thermal infrared range. In the
customers’ costs.
Earth’s atmosphere, these gases are water vapour, carbon dioxide,
methane, nitrous oxide, and ozone.
• In aviation, one litre of aviation fuel produces the following types of
GHG emissions:
»» Carbon Dioxide (CO2) 2.55000 kg
»» Methane (CH4) 0.00168 kg
»» Nitrous Oxide (N2O) 0.07750 kg
Total CO2e 2.62918 kg
NAV Canada | Improving Efficiency and the Environment 1977 Metcalfe Street, Ottawa, ON K1P 5L6 CANADA
Telephone: 1-800-876-4693 Fax: 1-877-663-6656
Email: service@navcanada.ca
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