WHEN PLANTS DO NOT AGE: POTENTIAL AND APPLICATION OF MICROPROPAGATION BETWEEN RESEARCH AND APPLICATION - MAURIZIO LAMBARDI - DISBA-CNR
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Bologna
12-13 dicembre 2019
When plants do not
age: potential and
application of
micropropagation
between research
and application
Maurizio Lambardi
The 4 main
peculiarities of
micropropagated
plants:
miniaturization
rejuvenation and maintenace of «juvenile» stage
long life of shoot cultures
high potential of multiplication
miniaturization
Redwood (Sequoia sempervirens)
rejuvenation and maintenace of «juvenile» stage
Giant redwood
high juvenile rooting potential
from 100-year old tree,
after micropropagation
(Monteuuis, 1991)
Olive
juvenile shape of leaves
increased rooting potential
(IBE experience)
In vitro flowering
of rose
reversion to a real juvenile stage: somatic embryogenesis
Cupressus Aesculus
sempervirens hippocastanum
Feijoa
(Acca)
sellowiana
Olea Courtesy Miguel P. Guerra
europaea
Synthetic seeds of Picea abies
reversion to a real juvenile stage: somatic embryogenesis
Zygotic embryo
Somatic
embryo
long life of shoot cultures
Blueberry……4-5 years
……→ ……→
Photinia x fraserii……10 years and more
……→ ……→
«Baby Plant»
Spathiphyllum……3-4 years
Azienda Meristema, Buti (PI)
high potential of multiplication
In one year…….
1
cutting
1 1
scion explant
+ (bud)
1
rootstock
1
rooted
cutting proliferation
rate = 2.5
every
4 weeks
1
1 TREE
TREE
(1-2 times 23,840
per year) TREES
high potential of multiplication
Micropropagation……
In vitro 22-24°C
3000-5000 lux
photoperiod 16/8
In greenhouse (in vivo)
………allows the production of plants:
in high numbers
of high quality and pathogen-free
indipendently from the season
in small spaces and aseptic conditions
clonally reproduced
not subjected to quarantine
high potential of multiplication
1999/2006: + 700.000 plants/year
2007/2010: + 1,000,000 plants/year
2010/2019: + 2,500,000 plants/year
Produzione 2018: >50 millions from 20 commercial labs
x1000
65.6% 32.8% 1.6%
30000 71.2% 27.5% 1.3%
28.779
72.1% 15.4% 12.5%
25000
24.541
20000
20.761
18.947
1998
17.450
15000 2006
12.429
2010
10000
3.587
6.761
6.218
5000
4.431
300
330
0
Totale Fruttiferi Ornamentali Orticole high potential of multiplication
Ongoing Projects at IBE on micropropagation……… PIF 2018-2020 «EVO 2.0: dal vivaio alla tavola», for improving olive micropropagation and microcutting propagation of Tuscany cultivars. IBE Scientific Responsible: Anna De Carlo
Ongoing Projects at IBE on micropropagation……… Bilateral Project CNR/IBE-Academy of Tirana, Albania, on development of advanced micropropagation techniques:liquid culture in temporary immersion system. IBE Scientific Responsible: Maurizio Lambardi Contracts with commercial laboratories………
But……can we stop aging forever?
Yes, we can!!!PLANT CRYOPRESERVATION
Seed banks
Clonal orchards
A complementary approach (non
alternative) to traditional conservation in
seed banks and clonal collections. In
combination with them, the risk of plant
genetic erosion is riduced to a minimum.Svalbard Global Seed Vault
About 1750
seedbanks in
the world
Ex situ conservation of genetic resources
Form of Distribu-
Accessions
conservation tion
Seed banks
Cereals 3.330.000 45%
Others 3.370.000 45%
In field collections 700.000 10%
BIOBANKS In vitro + cryopres. ???? ---
Conservation in vitro:
Total 7.400.000 100%
30,000 accessions
Cryopreservations: Source SoWPGR-2, FAO 2010
12,000 accessionswhite poplar
The cryo-bank of the CNR-IBE In conservation: ancient Italian Citrus and apple varieties With the contribution of the "International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture, RGV-FAO", 2017-2019.
Ongoing Projects at IBE on cryopreservation……… LIFE Project 2019-2023 «Decisive in situ and ex situ con- servation strategies to secure the critically endangered Sicilian fir, Abies nebrodensis» for cryopreservation of somatic embryogenesis callus lines. IBE Scientific Participants: Carla Benelli, Maurizio Lambardi Bilateral Project CNR/IBE-University of Tbilisi, Georgia, on the cryopreservation of chestnut genetic resources IBE Scientific Responsible: Maurizio Lambardi Cooperative Project CNR-CAV, Centro Attività Vivaistiche, on the cryopreservation of apple, plum, pear cultivars from screenhouse. IBE Scientific Responsibles: Maurizio Lambardi, Carla Benelli
Grazie a tutti per la VIVA attenzione!!
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