Contribution by United Kingdom to the CSTD 2019-2020 priority theme on "Exploring space technologies for sustainable development and the benefits ...
←
→
Page content transcription
If your browser does not render page correctly, please read the page content below
INTERSESSIONAL PANEL OF THE UNITED NATIONS COMMISSION
ON SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY FOR DEVELOPMENT (CSTD)
Geneva, Switzerland
7-8 November 2019
Contribution by United Kingdom
to the CSTD 2019-2020 priority theme on “Exploring space technologies for
sustainable development and the benefits of international research collaboration in
this context
DISCLAIMER: The views presented here are the contributors’ and do not necessarily reflect the views and
position of the United Nations or the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development
UK Space Agency International Partnership Programme
2 Photo credit: ©Earth-i Ltd
UK SPACE AGENCY INTERNATIONAL PARTNERSHIP PROGRAMME (IPP)
CONTENTS
Introduction 6 IPP Stakeholder Landscape 9
IPP Goals 7 UK Aid Strategy Overview 10
IPP Mechanism 7 Measuring Impacts 12
IPP Projects 16
Deforestation / land use
Deforestation prevention Vivid Economics Côte d’Ivoire 22
Forestry Management And Astrosat Guatemala 24
Protection (FMAP) system
Forests 2020 Ecometrica Brazil, Mexico, 26
Indonesia,
Colombia, Ghana,
Kenya
Land-use interventions Vivid Economics Peru 30
Peatland Assessment in CGI IT UK Ltd Indonesia, Malaysia 32
SE Asia by Satellite (PASSES)
Agriculture
Advanced Coffee Crop Optimisation Earth-i Rwanda, 34
for Rural Development (ACCORD) Kenya
Crop Observation, Management Rezatec Mexico 36
and Production Analysis Services
System (COMPASS)
EcoProMis Rothamsted Research Colombia 38
EO4Cultivar Environment Systems Peru, Colombia 40
Pest Risk Information SErvice CAB International Kenya, Zambia, 42
(PRISE) Ghana
3
Climate / Disaster resilience
CommonSensing United Nations Institute for Fiji, 44
Training and Research (UNITAR) Solomon Islands,
Vanuatu
Drought and Flood Mitigation Rheatech Uganda 46
Service (DFMS)
Earth and Sea Observation (EASOS) Satellite Applications Catapult Malaysia 48
Flood and Drought Resilience Airbus Defence & Space Ethiopia, Kenya 50
FireSat Clyde Space South Africa, Kenya, 52
Namibia
Modelling Exposure through Earth British Geological Survey Nepal, Tanzania 54
Observation Routines (METEOR)
SatComs for natural disasters Inmarsat Philippines 56
Recovery and Protection in Disaster Astrosat Vietnam 58
(RAPID)
Satellite Enablement for Disaster Risk Avanti Communications Kenya 60
Reduction in Kenya
(SatDRR Kenya)
SIBELIUs: Improved resilience for eOsphere Limited Mongolia 62
Mongolian herding communities
4
UK SPACE AGENCY INTERNATIONAL PARTNERSHIP PROGRAMME (IPP)
Maritime
Coastal Risk Information Service Satellite Oceanographic Madagascar, 64
(C-RISE) Consultants (SatOC) Mozambique
and South Africa
Improved Situational Awareness in Janus TCD Philippines 66
Fisheries (ISAIF)
Satellite Enabled Maritime Domain Satellite Applications Catapult Chile 68
Awareness (SEMDAC)
South Africa Safety Initiative exactEarth Madagascar, 70
for Small vessels’ Operational South Africa
Take-up (OASIS-TU)
Satellites for sustainable fishing Inmarsat Indonesia 72
Education
iKnowledge Avanti Communications Tanzania 74
Health
Dengue fever Early Warning System HR Wallingford Vietnam 76
(DEWS)
SatCom for Nigerian Health Services Inmarsat Nigeria 78
Urban, infrastructure and industry
Space-based dam monitoring HR Wallingford Peru 80
Property database for Dakar City Airbus Defence and Space Senegal 82
Renewable Energy Space Analytics Institute for Environmental Seychelles, 84
Tool (RE-SAT) Analytics (IEA) Mauritius,
Montserrat,
St. Lucia
Spaced Enabled Monitoring Satellite Applications Catapult Colombia 86
of Illegal Gold Mining
5
1. INTRODUCTION
The International Partnership Programme (IPP)1 is
a five year, £152 million programme run by the UK IPP seeks to use space solutions to
Space Agency. IPP focuses strongly on using the UK make a positive and practical impact
space sector’s research and innovation strengths to on the lives of those living in emerging
deliver a sustainable economic or societal benefit and developing economies through
to emerging and developing economies around partnerships with end users in the target
the world. countries to increase their capacity to
respond to specific challenges.
IPP is part of and is funded from the Department
for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy’s IPP will also contribute to the continued strength
(BEIS) Global Challenges Research Fund of the UK’s space sector, building on the unique
(GCRF): a £1.5 billion fund announced by the UK strengths that the sector can offer through services
Government, which supports cutting-edge research and technology to help with aid effort. The projects
and innovation on global issues affecting developing within IPP span a variety of themes, including reducing
countries. It harnesses the expertise of the UK’s world- deforestation, disaster response, land-use monitoring,
leading researchers, focusing on: reducing maritime problems and renewable energy.
• funding challenge-led disciplinary and 33 projects have been commissioned to date
interdisciplinary research; run by a large variety of organisations across
industry, academia and non-profit entities.
• strengthening capability for research, innovation UK and international organisations are involved
and knowledge exchange in the UK and in the project consortiums.
developing countries through partnership with
excellent UK research and researchers; Contacts
• providing an agile response to emergencies where For any information about IPP and the projects
there is an urgent research or on-the-ground need. within it, please contact the IPP team at:
IPP@ukspaceagency.gov.uk
The GCRF forms part of the UK’s Official
Development Assistance (ODA) commitment, which
is monitored by the Organisation for Economic
Cooperation and Development (OECD). ODA-funded
activity focuses on outcomes that promote long-
term sustainable growth of countries on the OECD
Development Assistance Committee (DAC) list2 and
is administered with the promotion of the economic
development and welfare of developing countries as
its main objective. IPP is fully ODA compliant, being
delivered in alignment with UK aid strategy and
the United Nations’ (UN) Sustainable Development
Goals (SDGs).
1 https://www.gov.uk/government/collections/uk-
space
-missions-case-studies-and-programmes
2 http://www.oecd.org/dac/stats/daclist.htm
6
UK SPACE AGENCY INTERNATIONAL PARTNERSHIP PROGRAMME (IPP)
2. IPP GOALS
IPP aims to make a positive, practical impact on Secondary aims
the lives of those living in developing countries.
Set goals have been agreed by the UK Space • Develop valued and sustainable partnership
Agency Steering Board, the Department for arrangements which lead to growth opportunities
International Development (DFID), and aligned for the UK space sector;
with BEIS GCRF Strategy.
• Demonstrate the additionality that space-enabled
solutions and applications have over terrestrial
Primary aim of IPP: to deliver a space- systems;
enabled ODA-compliant programme that
provides a measurable and sustainable
• Use the space sector’s unique expertise to lead in
economic or societal benefit to its
delivering overseas aid or work with others in their
beneficiaries.
programmes to complement existing ODA efforts.
3. IPP MECHANISM
IPP delivers aid through the provision of grants So far 2 IPP calls have been launched, and following
of 50-100% (depending on the size and type of an open competition with independent assessors,
establishment) for organisations to run projects which 33 projects have been awarded grants. A series
meet the aims of the Programme over the course of calls will be launched during the course of IPP
of five years (2016-2021). to create a well-rounded programme targeting a
range of themes and regions focused on sustainable
This booklet showcases the 33 selected projects from economic and societal benefit in emerging nations.
two IPP calls. The majority started in December 2016,
providing solutions for local issues in countries across Eligible nations must be part of the OECD DAC List
Africa, Asia and Central and South America. Calls of ODA Recipients. The DAC List shows all countries
are generally comprised of the following elements: and territories eligible to receive ODA funding.
It consists of all low and middle-income countries
• Scoping study call – run prior to the close of the based on gross national income (GNI) per capita
Open call, this allowed organisations to create as published by the World Bank, with the exception
partnerships in readiness to submit to the call? of Group of Eight (G8) members, European Union
(EU) members, and countries with a firm date for
• Open call – applications could be submitted entry into the EU. The List also includes all of the
on any theme; Least Developed Countries (LDCs) as defined by
the UN. Due to the advanced nature of their space
• Tactical call – three tactical calls whereby three programmes, IPP has excluded China, India and
countries (Malaysia, Guatemala and South Africa) Pakistan from the list of countries available to work
defined specific problems which had to be with under IPP. We are also unable to fund any work
addressed by the applicant; in countries which are involved in active conflict.
• Strategic call – DFID defined a theme for
applicants to address: ‘The use of satellite data
and technologies in disaster risk management’.
7
Internal IPP Governance
IPP must comply with UK untied aid policy3 such that spent in an ODA-eligible country on the approved
all procurements must be fully compliant, open to OECD DAC list and in accordance with the UK
bidders worldwide, and the aid outputs cannot be International Development Act 2015.
tied to provision from UK suppliers. UK aid must be
Official Development Assistance (ODA)
Compliance and UK Policy
Therefore all projects/programmes approved under
IPP must comply with UK untied aid IPP must be ODA compliant and meet many checks
policy3 such that all procurements must including2:
be fully compliant, open to bidders
worldwide, and the aid outputs cannot 1. Does it meet OECD ODA directives?
be tied to provision from UK suppliers.
UK aid must be spent in an ODA-eligible 2. Is it consistent with international best practice?
country on the approved OECD DAC
list and in accordance with the UK 3. Is it a credible use of ODA money?
International Development Act 2015.
4. Does it meet the official UK approach and UK
1
Government’s aid strategy?
5. Does it contribute to reducing inequality between
persons of different gender?
All proposals received into IPP are checked
for compliance against these criteria through
independent scrutiny, including by IPP’s qualified
Monitoring and Evaluation and ODA Subject Matter
Experts – Caribou Digital.
2 UK ODA assessment guidelines: Jane Casey,
1 UK International Development Act 2015 DFID Statistics Adviser
8
UK SPACE AGENCY INTERNATIONAL PARTNERSHIP PROGRAMME (IPP)
4. IPP STAKEHOLDER
LANDSCAPE
Stakeholder Map
The following Stakeholder Map shows the key stakeholders and their interrelationships in IPP:
Data Flow BEIS OECD
Global Challenges Space & ODA/
DFID
Research Fund Development Sectors
IPP
Grantee 1 Grantee 2 Grantee 3 Grantee 33
International International International International
Partner Partner Partner Partner
International Partners
International partnerships are a crucial part of the All projects must have a clearly identified
original assessment of projects. These go on to international partner from a country on the OECD
be cemented throughout an IPP projects lifetime DAC list in place. This could be with overseas
through various official agreements such as agreed Government organisations, research institutes, local
requirements documents and implementing private sector companies, or with international
arrangements. IPP also strives to involve local organisations operating in an overseas market,
partners as much as possible by using mechanisms e.g. Non-Government Organisations (NGOs).
such as joint project boards and maximizing the The background qualification of international
interaction with UK embassy staff where possible partners will be assessed for suitability during the
to ensure coherence with other in-country projects application phase, and all partners must either be,
and initiatives. or aligned to, the projects end users.
The international partner must be involved in the
All participants recognise that strong
project and confirm in-kind commitment of funding,
partnerships are key to a successful
people resource, equipment, facilities, etc. to the
project to ensure that the right service
project from the outset.
is delivered for the right people and
will continue after the life of the project,
i.e. providing a sustainable economic or
societal benefit to the recipient country.
95. UK OVERSEAS AID
STRATEGY
UK Aid Strategy Strategic Objectives
Advancing economic development in the poorest GCRF mobilises the UK’s world-leading research
countries is a hallmark of building Global Britain. and innovation base to address key challenges such
It is an essential part of how Great Britain is helping as: threats to the sustainability of natural resources;
make globalisation work for all and furthering our flooding and famine resulting from climate change;
national interests by playing a leading role on the environmental degradation; population growth and
international stage. rapid urbanisation; fragile states, growing inequality,
and violence; threats to animal and plant health; and
The UK aid strategy is outlined in ‘UK aid: tackling global health challenges, including the development
global challenges in the national interest’ with the of vaccines and viral threats.
strategic objectives of:
ODA-funded activity focuses on outcomes that
1. Strengthening global peace, security and promote the long-term sustainable growth of
governance countries on the OECD DAC list. GCRF funding
is awarded in a manner that fits with official
2. Strengthening resilience and response to crisis ODA guidelines.
3. Promoting global prosperity GCRF and its delivery partners work in union with
other UK ODA funds. We specifically work alongside
4. Tackling extreme poverty and helping the world’s the Newton Fund4, ensuring join up where possible.
most vulnerable The Newton Fund works in specific countries on the
DAC list and covers 3 broad categories of activity:
5. Delivering value for money
• people: improving science and innovation
The IPP portfolio strongly aligns to priorities 2, 3, 4 expertise (known as ‘capacity building’), student
and 5. and researcher fellowships, mobility schemes and
joint centres;
Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF)
• research: research collaborations on development
GCRF3 is a £1.5 billion fund which supports cutting- topics;
edge research and innovation on global issues
affecting developing countries. • translation: innovation partnerships and
challenge funds to develop innovative solutions
GCRF forms part of the UK Government’s ODA on development topics.
commitment. It is overseen by BEIS and delivered
through 17 delivery partners,which include the UK
Research Councils, the UK Academies, and other
funding bodies. IPP, run by the UK Space Agency,
is part of this fund.
4 https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/
3 https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/ newton-fund-building-science-and-innovation-
global-challenges-research-fund/global- capacity-in-developing-countries/newton-fund-
challenges-research-fund-gcrf-how-the-fund- building-science-and-innovation-capacity-in-
works developing-countries
10UK SPACE AGENCY INTERNATIONAL PARTNERSHIP PROGRAMME (IPP)
United Nations’ (UN) Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
The UN SDGs were adopted by world leaders in 2015. Over the next 15 years, with these new Goals that
universally apply to all, countries will mobilise efforts to end all forms of poverty, fight inequalities and tackle
climate change.
The 17 SDGs are as follows:
The UN SDG framework has been used because:
• It is a globally-agreed set of development priorities
across 193 Member States, global civil society,
and the development community;
• It is globally-agreed language that IPP
international partners will recognise;
• It is stable over a very long time period to 2030;
All projects were assessed on their applicability to • The UN is investing significant resources in
the SDGs to ensure alignment of IPP with the SDGs. establishing teams, processes and systems
Of these 17 goals, IPP has so far aligned with 12. to track progress towards achieving the goals;
• All Member States are required to report to
the UN their domestic contribution to achieving
the UN SDGs.
Throughout this brochure, the SDGs which match
the project are displayed in the bottom left corner.
116. MEASURING IMPACTS
As the GCRF funding for IPP is classified as ODA, The ODA and M&E assessment criteria used are:
a rigorous Monitoring & Evaluation (M&E) function
is key to measure and communicate the benefit • Clearly able to show it meets ODA definitions
and impact of IPP on developing countries. and criteria
Rigorous M&E activities are executed within the • Impact on gender equality
IPP programme and also within every individual
project by their respective consortiums. The IPP M&E • Need for service and impact on the country
methodology follows HM Treasury’s ‘The Magenta and quality of the Theory of Change
Book: Guidance for Evaluation’, which provides
• Demonstrable and measurable benefits and
guidance on what to consider when designing an
impacts and quality of the Logical Framework
evaluation for UK Government-funded programmes
and policies. • Applicability to UN Sustainable Development Goals
M&E support and ongoing ODA compliance is • Quality M&E Strategy including appropriate
carried out by Caribou Digital. Caribou Digital is methodology and resourcing
an M&E specialist with extensive knowledge on
use of ODA within the space sector, and is part of • Quality of the Knowledge Sharing plan
the IPP team. This expertise provides the necessary
independent advice to the UK Space Agency to • Sustainability of the project outcomes and impacts
ensure that all proposals recommended as suitable beyond the period of UKSA funding
for funding meet OECD standards for ODA eligibility
and M&E compliance, and continue to comply A key part of the M&E function is supporting the
throughout the life of each project. projects to ensure long-term financial sustainability.
All grantees have included work packages focused
on ensuring sustainability, they develop detailed
sustainability plans, and subsequently assess their
projects sustainability in their evaluations.
12UK SPACE AGENCY INTERNATIONAL PARTNERSHIP PROGRAMME (IPP)
13Monitoring and Evaluation
To ensure measurable benefit is made Monitoring occurs regularly throughout the IPP
in the target country, the grantee lifecycle, whilst evaluations occur at the beginning
is responsible for monitoring and (baseline), middle (midline) and end (endline) of the
evaluating the effects of their projects lifecycle. M&E will take place within each project
and must build this activity into their and for the programme as a whole.
work packages.
Evaluation of the programme will focus on three key areas:
• Process Evaluation – How was IPP and the individual projects delivered?
• Impact Evaluation – What difference did IPP and the individual projects make?
• Economic Evaluation – Did the outcomes and impacts of IPP and the individual projects justify the costs?
Evaluation and key interviews and/or programme end
Ongoing, Periodic Monitoring
Baseline Midline Endline
Start Project Timeline End
14UK SPACE AGENCY INTERNATIONAL PARTNERSHIP PROGRAMME (IPP)
Knowledge Sharing
Knowledge sharing will promote All grantees have included a work package/
good practice across the wider sector, activities focused on knowledge sharing whereby
maximising the impact from ODA funds. they will use their own communication channels to
share the results, findings and learning from their
project to the wider space and ODA/development
There are multiple routes to good practice, including: sector. Knowledge sharing activities typically include:
case studies, research reports, academic papers,
• Knowledge sharing driving replication across workshops, conference presentations, infographics,
other organisations within the space and ODA/ and web and social media promotion.
development sectors;
• Grantees offering the same solution to new
customers and in new markets;
• Grantees developing new technologies and
products from learning from the IPP grant;
• Organisational capacity building for use of space
expertise in developing countries.
Amplification:
Industry, academia
and donors drive
amplification of impact
Replication:
Encourage replication
across industry
Co-investment:
Add up to £1 match
partner funding
Seeding & Testing:
For every £1 invested
by UKSA IPP
157. IPP PROJECTS
The IPP projects are being run in partnership with developing countries across the globe, working with
in-country experts to ensure alignment with their needs. The following breakdown shows which project
is located in which region:
Africa
Advanced Coffee Crop Earth-i Rwanda, Kenya
Optimisation for Rural
Development (ACCORD)
Coastal Risk Information Satellite Oceanographic Consultants Madagascar,
Service (C-RISE) (SatOC) Mozambique,
South Africa
Deforestation prevention Vivid Economics Côte d’Ivoire
Drought and Flood Rheatech Uganda
Mitigation Service (DFMS)
FireSat Clyde Space South Africa, Kenya,
Namibia
Flood and Drought resilience Airbus Defence and Space Ethiopia, Kenya
Forests 2020 Ecometrica Kenya, Ghana
(also Brazil,
Mexico, Indonesia,
Colombia)
iKnowledge Avanti Communications Tanzania
Modelling Exposure through British Geological Survey Nepal, Tanzania
Earth Observation Routines
(METEOR)
Property database for Dakar Airbus Defence and Space Senegal
City
Pest Risk Information Service CAB International Kenya, Zambia,
(PRISE) Ghana
Renewable Energy Space Institute for Environmental Analytics Seychelles, Mauritius
Analytics Tool (RE-SAT) (IEA) (also Montserrat,
St. Lucia)
16UK SPACE AGENCY INTERNATIONAL PARTNERSHIP PROGRAMME (IPP)
Senegal
Ghana Nigeria Ethiopia
Côte d’Ivoire
Uganda
Kenya
Rwanda
Seychelles
Tanzania
Mozambique
Zambia
Mauritius
Namibia
Madagascar
South Africa
SatCom for Nigerian Health Inmarsat Nigeria
Services
Satellite Enablement for Avanti Communications Kenya
Disaster Risk Reduction in
Kenya (SatDRR Kenya)
South Africa Safety Initiative exactEarth Madagascar,
for Small vessels’ Operational South Africa
Take-up (OASIS-TU)
17Mongolia
Nepal
Vietnam
Philippines
Malaysia
Indonesia
18UK SPACE AGENCY INTERNATIONAL PARTNERSHIP PROGRAMME (IPP)
Asia
Earth and Sea Observation Satellite Applications Catapult Malaysia
(EASOS)
Forests 2020 Ecometrica Indonesia, (also
Brazil, Mexico,
Colombia, Ghana,
Kenya)
Improved Situational Janus TCD Philippines
Awareness in Fisheries (ISAIF)
Dengue fever Early Warning HR Wallingford Vietnam
System (DEWS)
Modelling Exposure Through British Geological Survey Nepal, Tanzania
Earth Observation Routines
(METEOR)
SatComs for natural disasters Inmarsat Philippines
Peatland Assessment in SE CGI IT UK Ltd Indonesia, Malaysia
Asia by Satellite (PASSES)
Recovery and Protection Astrosat Vietnam
in Disaster (RAPID)
SIBELIUs: Improved eOsphere Limited Mongolia
resilience for Mongolian
herding communities
Satellites for sustainable Inmarsat Indonesia
fishing
19Small Island Developing States
CommonSensing United Nations Institute for Training Fiji, Solomon Islands,
and Research (UNITAR) Vanuatu
Renewable Energy Space Institute for Environmental Analytics Seychelles, Mauritius,
Analytics Tool (RE-SAT) (IEA) Montserrat, St. Lucia
Central America
Crop Observation, Rezatec Mexico
Management and
Production Analysis Services
System (COMPASS)
Forest 2020 Ecometrica Mexico
(also Colombia, Brazil,
Indonesia, Ghana,
Kenya)
Forestry Management And Astrosat Guatemala
Protection (FMAP) system
South America
EcoProMis Rothamsted Research Colombia
EO4Cultivar Environment Systems Peru, Colombia
Land-use interventions Vivid Economics Peru
Space-based dam monitoring HR Wallingford Peru
Satellite Enabled Maritime Satellite Applications Catapult Chile
Domain Awareness
(SEMDAC)
Space Enabled Monitoring Satellite Applications Catapult Colombia
of Illegal Gold Mining
20UK SPACE AGENCY INTERNATIONAL PARTNERSHIP PROGRAMME (IPP)
Mexico
Montserrat
Guatemala St Lucia
Colombia
Peru Brazil
Solomon Islands
Vanuatu Chile
Fiji
Please note that this map is not to scale
21Preserving and expanding forests
to the benefit of rural communities
in Côte d’Ivoire
Project lead
Vivid Economics Ltd
Target country(s)
Côte d’Ivoire
Project consortium
Remote Sensing Applications Consultants
Ltd (RSAC), Impactum
International partners
Ministry of Planning and Development
(Cote d’Ivoire): The Ministry of Planning and
Development is responsible for the implementation
and monitoring of the Government’s policy
on development planning and programming.
The Ministry has its own projects but also serves
as a liaison body between the various ministerial
departments involved in development policy.
A Memorandum of Understanding has been
signed for the project.
Society for Forest Development (SODEFOR):
Office in charge of managing commercial forest
plantations.
The Office of Parks and Reserves (OIPR):
Office in charge of managing the national parks
and natural reserves.
REDD Permanent Executive Secretariat (SEP-
REDD): Office in charge of all the REDD activities
in Côte d’Ivoire.
22DEFORESTATION / LAND USE
Deforestation prevention
with land-use monitoring
and valuation in Côte d’Ivoire
Project summary development of sustainable supply chains and PES
schemes in the country.
The project aims to alleviate two key development
problems in Côte d’Ivoire: rural poverty, which Satellite solution
afflicts more than half of the rural population; and
deforestation for economic development, which has The land use inventory will be developed using newly
led to the loss of 80% of the country’s natural forests. available data from the Copernicus Sentinel satellites
It will contribute to efforts to reduce poverty and protect that offer higher resolution and revisit frequency
forests by developing tools that help policy-makers than Landsat, which has been used for mapping in
preserve and expand forests to the greatest benefits the past, supplemented by even higher-resolution
of rural communities, and to integrate relatively information from SPOT satellites.
unproductive smallholders into more valuable
global supply chains. Three tools will be created: The forest disturbance early warning system will
make use of a technique developed by RSAC for
• Land use inventory that classifies and differentiates the rapid detection of forest disturbances using radar
physical surface cover types. time series from satellites.
• Natural capital valuation framework that informs Project impact
national reforestation and forest protection
strategies, and supports the extension of Contribute to achieving 20% of national forest cover
sustainable supply chains. This will integrate by 2030:
the land-use inventory with other economic
information on the value of production and • Zero forest degradation in existing protected areas
eco-systems services to map the value of land in the region by 2020, and all of Côte d’Ivoire’s
under different uses, recorded in a natural remaining 3–4 million hectares of forest by 2023.
capital accounting balance sheet.
• 60,000 hectares of natural forest regeneration
• Forest disturbance early warning system to tighten and 60,000 hectares of gazetted forests annually
enforcement of land-use rules. by 2020, expanding to a combined total of
180,000 hectares annually by 2023.
These will drive two key outcomes: improved
monitoring and enforcement efforts that prevent Improve supply chain sustainability:
forest loss and prioritise afforestation; and better
targeted support to local economic development • 100% deforestation-free production for cocoa,
and sustainable supply chains through Payment rubber, and palm oil in targeted region by 2020,
for Ecosystem Services (PES) schemes. and nationally by 2023.
All three tools represent substantial improvements • creation of new markets for ecosystem services
upon what is currently available, but the real (for example through PES mechanisms) that
benefit of the project lies in their combination enable the commercialisation of preservation
and close integration into policy and regulatory and restoration activities.
activity. The tools will cover an area in the south
west of Côte d’Ivoire covered by the Emissions • broad delinking of agricultural production and
Reduction Programme (ERP) initiative. The ERP region deforestation through greater productivity per
was chosen as it contains much of the country’s hectare of production.
remaining natural forest and is the focus of the
23Decreasing illegal forestry
activities in Guatemala
Project lead
Astrosat Ltd
Target country(s)
Guatemala
Project consortium
Earth Observation Ltd, Deimos,
Telespazio Vega
International partners
National Forestry Institute (INAB): a public entity
responsible for the agriculture public sector in the
forestry domain. An Implementing Agreement was
signed in February 2017 between the UK Space
Agency and INAB.
National Council of Protected Areas (CONAP):
a government agency responsible for the
conservation, rehabilitation, and protection of
Guatemala’s natural resources and its biodiversity.
Guatemala Environmental Police Force
(DIPRONA): the division of the National Civil
Police that oversees the prevention of
environmental crimes.
Ministry of Agriculture (MAGA): in charge
of creating the policies to ensure growth and
development in the areas of agriculture, livestock
and hydrology resources.
Public Ministry: in charge of attending to direct
victims and collateral victims of crime.
ARCAS Guatemala: a non-profit Guatemalan
NGO formed in 1989 by a group of Guatemalan
citizens who became concerned as they saw their
precious natural heritage – especially their wildlife
– rapidly disappearing.
24DEFORESTATION / LAND USE
Forestry Management And
Protection (FMAP) system
for tackling illegal logging
Project summary • Upgrade and improve existing traceability systems
through the addition of satellite-derived data
The illegal exploitation of the forest environment is a and GNSS mobile applications to support better
real concern to the Guatemalan government. Illegal forestry management and enforce prosecutions.
removal and transit of valuable trees, change of land FMAP will reduce costs of measurement, reporting,
use, and other such illegal and unregulated activities verification and prosecutions through the
are having huge impacts – both environmentally and concessions system.
socio-economically – throughout the country. The
Guatemalan government has made efforts to tackle • Increase the efficiency, impact and scalability
this problem by embracing digital technologies, of the forestry incentive programmes by reducing
improving its processes and by pooling information the costs of monitoring and land-use verification
between all stakeholder agencies, but the problem is in the current systems. This will utilise GNSS
persistent due to the forests of Guatemala being too mobile applications and space-based data to
big to be effectively monitored and managed using improve INAB’s ability to track land management,
conventional, terrestrial, techniques. increasing capacity and supporting efforts to
reduce deforestation.
The FMAP project aims, through the use of space
technologies and satellite-derived data, to solve this Satellite solution
issue by improving the capabilities of the agencies
responsible for forestry governance. It will provide With over 3.7 million hectares of forests in
a centralised platform, utilising satellite remote Guatemala, EO tools offer the most effective
sensing and Global Navigation Satellite Systems way of monitoring activities which would not be
(GNSS) technologies that will enable intelligence-led possible from the ground. The FMAP system utilises
governance and interventions which have the largest EO data from various sources to provide periodic
impacts on tackling this problem. data acquisition of land use and land change. The
TreeTAG system uses GNSS technology to greatly
The project’s objectives are to: increase the efficiency of locating trees, reducing
the time it takes loggers to locate trees to harvest.
• Reduce the incidence of deforestation in
Guatemala by creating a space-technology Project impact
driven forestry management tool.
• Increased capacity of Guatemalan
• Reduce land crime through increased land- Government Agencies to conserve Guatemala’s
use change detection with a higher temporal forestry environment.
resolution to provide intelligence for DIPRONA
enforcement officers. DIPRONA will be able to • Reduce the rate of deforestation in the Mayan
arrest or prosecute parties guilty of illegal activities Biosphere Reserve.
due to the increased knowledge and situational
awareness provided by FMAP. • Increase the total area of ecosystems under
sustainable management.
• Increase the number of detections of illegal
forestry activities.
25Protecting and restoring
forests across the world
Project lead
Ecometrica
Target country(s)
Brazil, Colombia, Mexico, Ghana, Kenya,
Indonesia
Project consortium
University of Edinburgh (NCEO), University
of Leicester (NCEO), Carbomap
26DEFORESTATION / LAND USE
Forests 2020 – Improving
forest monitoring systems
through better application
of satellite data
International partners Pronatura Sur: Mexican NGO recognised for its
contribution to the conservation of areas of high
Indonesia ecological value.
Bogor Agricultural University (IPB): one of the
leading universities in Indonesia that focuses Ambio: Mexican NGO promoting rural development
on agriculture and forestry. from the participation of communities.
PT Hatfield Indonesia: a pioneer in the field of State Forestry Development Programme
environmental services in Indonesia. (FIPRODEFO): autonomous government institution,
which serves as the technical and operational body
World Resources Institute: works with leaders in on issues of relevance in the state of Jalisco’s forests.
business, government and civil society to address
climate change, forest restoration, forest governance, Colombia
and access to information. Meteorology and Environmental Studies of
Colombia (IDEAM): part of the Colombian Ministry
Daemeter: a leading independent consulting of the Environment and Sustainable Development.
firm promoting sustainable development through
responsible and equitable management of University of Andes (UniAndes): leading the
natural resources. Colombian Data Cube project for more than a year
at IDEAM.
Brazil
National Institute of Space Research (INPE): linked Ghana
to the Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and
in Brazil, aims to provide science and technology in Technology (KNUST): promotes the proper
space and the terrestrial environments. management of sustainable utilisation of forests
through teaching, research and dissemination
Institute of Environmental Research of the Amazon of information.
(IPAM): non-profit research institute, focusing on
the ecological limits of land use/cover and climate Resource Management Support Centre (RMSC)
change to Amazon forest ecosystems. of the Forestry Commission Ghana: is the technical
wing of the Forestry Commission of Ghana.
KeyAssociados: helps clients integrate
Environmental, Social and Corporate Governance Kenya
(ESG) management into their business strategies, Kenya Forest Service: mandated to enhance
products and services in Brazil. It is a well connected development, conservation and management
organisation in Brazil, working closely with private, of Kenya’s forest resources base.
public and civil society organisations.
Mexico
El Colegio de la Frontera Sur (ECOSUR): leading
the study of forest resources using geographic
information systems and remote sensing tools.
27Project summary Satellite solution
Forests provide vital services including livelihoods, This project is using EO imagery from satellites
water and habitats for millions of species, and are to improve forest monitoring across six partner
essential for combating climate change. Despite countries. It works with leading experts from the
frameworks to help developing countries protect and National Centre for Earth Observation (NCEO) in
restore their forest resources, inadequate monitoring leading universities in the UK and with international
systems remain a barrier to effective implementation. partners to test new forestry monitoring methods in
Earth Observation (EO) is widely acknowledged as the following areas:
the only effective way to monitor forests at regional
and national levels; however accuracy, frequency, • detecting change in forests (deforestation and
speed, and delivery of EO data products degradation) from both optical and radar imagery
remain a challenge. from satellites like the European Space Agency’s
(ESA) Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2.
Forests 2020 is a 40-month project from a
consortium of UK experts and international partners • incorporating these observations into risk models
led by Ecometrica, which aims to address these for mapping risk of deforestation and forest fires,
technical barriers to improve forest monitoring and mapping suitable areas for restoration.
systems in six developing countries to support
REDD+1, FLEGT2 and other aspects of forest • improving digital infrastructure to manage and
governance and biodiversity conservation. disseminate forest-related data.
The project will focus on three areas of forest These new methods will enable our partner countries
monitoring systems: to use more frequent, better quality data, quicker,
improving the national forest monitoring systems.
• Improved detection of forest changes, particularly
in challenging ecosystems and land use situations. Project impact
• Improved mapping of risks and priority areas, Protection and restoration of up to 300 million
particularly ways in which local organisations hectares of tropical forests by improving national
and district or state-level forest authorities can forest monitoring systems in six partner countries
input and interact with the forest maps and forest through better applications of satellite data.
change detection.
• Digital infrastructure for managing and distributing
EO-derived and related information to ensure
robustness, consistency, continuity and availability
of data products to end-users.
2 FLEGT stands for Forest Law Enforcement,
1 Reducing emissions from deforestation and Governance and Trade. The EU’s FLEGT Action
forest degradation, forest carbon stock Plan was established in 2003. It aims to reduce
conservation, the sustainable management of illegal logging by strengthening sustainable
forests, and the enhancement of forest carbon
stocks in developing countries are activities and legal forest management, improving
commonly referred to as REDD+. governance and promoting trade in legally
produced timber.
28DEFORESTATION / LAND USE
29Reducing poverty and net deforestation
of primary forest in Peru
Project lead
Vivid Economics Ltd
Target country(s)
Peru
Project consortium
Remote Sensing Applications Consultants
Ltd (RSAC).
International partners
Ministry of Agriculture and Irrigation: the governing
body of the National System of Forestry and Wildlife.
Ministry of Environment: responsible for ensuring
the environmental sustainability of the country
and preserving, protecting, restoring and ensuring
ecosystems and natural resources.
Amazon Interregional Council: seeks to contribute
to public policies, programmes and projects of
common interest between the five Amazon regions,
with special emphasis on initiatives relating to
natural resources and the environment.
Alternative Mechanisms for Development: seeks
to promote sustainable development through
strategic partnerships between government,
the private sector, local people and local and
international organisations.
30DEFORESTATION / LAND USE
Remote mapping and
socio-economic valuation
tools to support planning
and implementation in
land-use interventions in Peru
Project summary This will integrate the land-use inventory with other
economic information to map the value of land
The project addresses two of Peru’s most acute under different uses and the risk land faces of
development challenges: reducing the rural unauthorised exploitation.
population in poverty (currently 3 million), and
preventing deforestation from its current rate of • Plot-level mapping and technical specifications
250,000 hectares per year. The two challenges are to improve titling, enforcement of land-use rules,
closely linked in a number of ways. Unregulated supporting programmes and technical assistance.
land use is a major cause of both, facilitating This will map areas identified as high-risk in greater
encroachment on forests by the subsistence farmers detail using Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV)
who are responsible for 75% of losses, while also surveys, providing information on forest thinning
stemming flows of investment that could improve their needed to enforce restrictions on deforestation and
productivity and incomes. However, solutions to the support certification of sustainable production.
problems often require balancing trade-offs between
them: for example, new infrastructure that can improve Satellite solution
livelihoods might also accelerate deforestation.
The land use inventory will be developed using newly-
The overall objective of this project is to contribute available data from the Copernicus Sentinel satellite
to efforts to reduce poverty and protect forests by that offers higher resolution and revisit frequency
developing satellite-based data tools that help policy- than Landsat, which has been used for mapping in
makers to understand and address these linkages. the past, supplemented by even higher-resolution
information from the RapidEYE and SPOT satellites.
The tools developed by the project, and the
engagement with government in the adoption and Project impact
application of the tools, will assist decision-making in
four key areas of policy activity: land use (‘zoning’) • Reduce net deforestation of primary forest;
regulation; infrastructure provision; land permitting;
and sustainable production and irrigation. • Improve ecosystem quality by reducing degradation
and improving connectivity of forest areas.
The project tools will support these aims by providing
three layers of information: • Increase agricultural productivity of targeted small
producers without increasing agricultural lands.
• Land use inventory that classifies and differentiates
physical surface cover types. • Increase the proportion of producers with secure
land ownership rights.
• Economic-ecosystem valuation tool that improves
zoning rules and regulations, prioritises planned • Increase the proportion of farms who are sustainably
investments, and focuses enforcement and certified, with resulting impact on the income they
incentive mechanisms to improve effectiveness. are able to generate.
31Using satellite imagery for improved, cost
effective peatland monitoring in SE Asia
Project lead
CGI IT UK LTD
Target country(s)
Indonesia, Malaysia
Project consortium
Geomatic Ventures Ltd, Centre for Ecology
and Hydrology, University of Leicester,
University of Nottingham, Liverpool John
Moores University, IPE TripleLine.
International partners
Peatland Restoration Agency (BRG): a non-structural
institution responsible for coordinating and
accelerating the recovery of Indonesian Peatlands.
Asia Pacific Resources International (APRIL): a
private pulp and paper company who managers
Indonesian forest land.
World Resources Institute Indonesia (WRI):
research organisation dedicated to socio-economic
development.
Geospatial Agency (Badan Informasi Geosptatial,
BIG): the agency in Indonesia responsible for
ensuring access to reliable geospatial information
and encouraging the use of that information in
governance and community life.
IPB: a top university in Indonesia that focuses
on tropical agriculture and forestry , with a long
history of research on peatland.
Global Environment Centre (GEC): a non-profit
organisation registered in Malaysia working with
state government planning agencies and private
sector organisations to enhance sustainability of
peatland management.
32DEFORESTATION / LAND USE
Peatland Assessment in
SE Asia by Satellite (PASSES)
Project summary Satellite solution
Tropical forest fires affect over 20 million people in Tropical peatlands are highly dynamic systems, which
SE Asia. The inhalation of smoke generated from the occur across large, often remote and inaccessible
fires leads to significant deteriorations in public health areas, and are highly vulnerable to land-use change.
and is associated with premature mortalities. Fires also Understanding, managing and protecting these
contribute substantially to global CO2 emissions and systems requires monitoring capabilities which are
other widespread negative environmental impacts. frequent, reliable and wide area. Satellite remote
Many fires occur over drained peatland areas. sensing provides the only cost effective option.
Climate change and existing land use trends such as Key to realising a comprehensive and cost-effective
the draining and clearing of forests for palm oil, pulp satellite-enabled monitoring solution are the Sentinel
and paper plantations contribute to the reduced satellites (S-1, S-2 and S-3 are relevant). Dense time
hydrology of the peatland, causing a significant fire series from S-1 provide the input for a novel InSAR
risk. Without intervention, peat fire frequency and technique developed by the University of Nottingham
impact are expected to increase. The only long-term that is core to PASSES and enables observation of
intervention is to retain the natural hydrology of vertical displacement of peatland; a key indicator of
intact peat swamp forests and raise water levels in condition since drained and degraded peat subsides
disturbed areas. However, the costs of restoring and whilst recovering peat (in response to re-wetting
maintaining peat condition across huge peatland interventions) swells and rises. The SAR-enabled vertical
areas (~250K km2 in SE Asia) are enormous. The displacement observations will be complemented with
planning and prioritisation of such activities, as well other SAR and optical-derived measurements. These
as monitoring intervention effectiveness, is therefore will include observations of vegetation, hydrology and
vital. Furthermore, better observations of peat fire regime. Together these observations will enable
condition also enable improved understanding a comprehensive characterisation of peat condition,
of the delivery of peatland ecosystem services. which, if observed over time, can inform an enhanced
understanding of condition change.
Satellite observations of peat condition can play a
hugely valuable role in peatland monitoring, but Project impact
currently are under-exploited. The PASSES project
will use the latest satellite measurement techniques • Improved management and condition of peatland
to develop a comprehensive peatland monitoring in SE Asia.
service. PASSES will also demonstrate that wide
area, routine, comprehensive monitoring of peatland • Demonstrable evidence of improvement in key peat
can now also be cost effective, through exploitation condition metrics in regions where PASSES has been
of freely available, continuous observations from included in decision-making, compared to those
Sentinel satellites and exploitation of emerging where it has not.
industrial hosted processing capabilities.
33Improving the livelihoods and incomes
of smallholder coffee farmers by
delivering accessible advice for farmers
to improve their crop quality and yield
Project Lead (company)
EARTH-i
Target country(s)
Rwanda and Kenya
Project consortium
WeatherSafe, Oxford Policy Management, San
Francisco Bay Coffee Ltd
International partners
Coffee Management Services Ltd: a leading agri-
business service provider offering a wide range of
services in the coffee sector in Kenya and wider
East Africa region.
Rwanda Kinini Coffee Ltd: a coffee cooperative
whose farming and trade activities, supported by
the ACCORD service has resulted in the creation
of Schools, Nurseries and other social services
that are shared among a growing community of
farmers, their families and the wider community.
34 Photo credit: ©Earth-i LtdAGRICULTURE
Advanced Coffee Crop
Optimisation for Rural
Development (ACCORD)
Project summary A unique combination of space-based technologies
will be used throughout the project. These will include:
Coffee is a global commodity with growing demand
globally, with revenues directly benefitting farmers • Optical satellite imagery that will unlock
in developing countries. Despite this, in Kenya and information on crop health and detect the early
Rwanda 67% and 80% of people respectively live warning signs of pests, diseases and nutritional
in poverty, including most smallholder coffee farmers. defects.
Easy access to information on management practices
and weather and nutrient monitoring can drastically • High-resolution, customised weather forecasts
increase earning potential by improving coffee quality will be created by taking into consideration local
and quantity. topography derived from high-resolution satellite
data, as well as by integrating public sources.
Coffee farmers must make critical decisions, such as
whether and when to apply fertilisers, pesticides or • Detailed mapping of coffee plots and nearby
fungicides at potentially short notice. Correct early infrastructure will provide reference data on size
advice makes a huge difference to the effectiveness and facilities for smallholders, producers and
of these decisions and enables improvements in the exporters.
yields of high quality coffee which increase incomes.
Project impact
ACCORD provides farmers with access to timely,
geo-targeted advice through a simple mobile The ACCORD project will lead to Kenya and Rwanda
application. The unique and proven method being empowered to grow more speciality coffee
employed by the consortium combines satellite through more efficient and timely crop management.
imagery with ground observations, and a custom
high-resolution localised weather forecast model, The primary benefits that we expect the ACCORD
in a cost-effective manner. All the data is integrated project to realise will be:
and analysed to create clear advice through the
mobile-enabled platform to agronomists, cooperatives • Improved yield – measured through annual data
and farmers. Access to this highest quality advice is from coffee washing stations and validated with
not available at scale through any other method. a sample of interviewed farmers. We forecast that
yield will double over a three-year period.
Satellite solution
• Improved coffee quality - measured through
A regular feed of EO data can be used to monitor annual data from independent cupping tests and
each plantation, and provide information on crop corroborated through increased price/kg of coffee
health. The varying field sizes lend themselves to EO achieved by the farmers for their crop. Our target
imagery to capture detail, and the crop cycles require is 25% improvement in cupping scores.
regular data acquisition during the growing season,
something not possible with UAVs. • Improved farmer income – validated with a sample
of interviewed farmers. Our target is doubling of
Very high-resolution weather data, created using smallholder coffee income by year 3 of the project.
a custom weather model and accurate topography
data will help to plan around the complex terrain and Secondary impacts of these improvements include the
varying weather conditions between neighbouring increased taxation revenues to Kenyan and Rwandan
coffee plantations. governments from the increased production.
35Improving productivity in wheat and
sugar cane for smallholder farmers
in Mexico
Project lead
Rezatec
Target country(s)
Mexico
Project consortium Booker Tate Ltd,
The University of Nottingham
International partners
International Wheat and Maize Improvement
Centre (CIMMYT): prioritises research relevant
to ensuring global food security and a decrease
in poverty.
College of Postgraduates (COLPOS): Mexican
public institution of higher education with
international recognition that prepares students
for a globally competitive world in which
knowledge is the most important asset.
36AGRICULTURE
Mexican Crop Observation,
Management and Production
Analysis Services System
(COMPASS)
Project summary There are about 30 site-specific parameters grouped
by soil, management, inputs and environment that
The project consortium is working with CIMMYT can determine the production efficiency of wheat
and COLPOS in Mexico to help smallholder farmers and sugar cane crops, e.g. soil type, harvest date,
growing sugar cane and wheat to improve crop disease control and temperature. The theoretical
management. Mexican farmers need to improve effect of these parameters on production is
crop productivity and stabilise their incomes to understood. However, there are no practical,
facilitate rural community economic development. evidence-based, management decision tools that
The tool developed by this project will help farmers support smallholders and larger growers by targeting
to identify factors that cause the yield gap between production efficiency per specific field.
crop potential and actual field performance.
Project impact
The project will provide six customer-specific decision
support tools to help growers, including smallholders, • Improved productivity, particularly for smallholder
improve their technical, environmental and financial farmers, in two of Mexico’s major crops, wheat
performance. The project will also provide commercial and sugar cane.
information support, following the trials that are
underway, to advisory services, agribusiness, farmer • Improved resource-use efficiency and hence lower
cooperatives, crop insurers and governments to create emissions (for example, of fertiliser nitrogen and
a long-term income stream to support Rezatec’s greenhouse gases).
provision of these services.
• Improved market function as farmers, traders,
Satellite solution government and other stakeholders will have
improved information on likely crop yields,
This project is using EO data from ESA’s Sentinel allowing much better planning of crop marketing,
constellation and commercial satellites in combination which helps to stabilise incomes.
with in-field measurements and computer modelling.
The overall challenge for the crops is to transform • Through improving technical and market
both traditional extensive as well as modern intensive performance, the project will assist rural economic
systems into sustainable systems producing more development in Mexico, improve food security
crop output with better use of resources. This requires (wheat) and generate increased export
better management of the interacting parameters earnings (sugar cane).
controlling yield.
37You can also read
