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Queensland Cycle Strategy
2011–2021
Transport and Main Roads
This document has been produced by the Department of Transport and Main Roads. PO Box 673 Fortitude Valley QLD 4006 Phone: 13 23 80 Website: www.tmr.qld.gov.au Images supplied courtesy of Queensland Health, Sustainable Transport Consultants, Sunshine Coast Regional Council, Department of Local Government and Planning, and the Mad Cycologists. Copyright protects this publication. Except for purposes permitted by the Copyright Act 1968, no part may be produced by any means without the prior permission of the department. © The State Government of Queensland (Department of Transport and Main Roads) creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/au This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 2.5 Australia Licence To attribute this material, cite State of Queensland (Department of Transport and Main Roads) (2011) Queensland Cycle Strategy 2011–2021 ISBN - 978-1-920719-16-6 2 Queensland Cycle Strategy 2011–2021
Queensland Cycle Strategy 2011–2021 3
Table of contents
Table of contents
Executive summary 5 Priority area four
Developing a cycling economy 68
Part A – Setting the scene 13 4.1 Supporting cycle tourism 70
About the Queensland Cycle Strategy 14 4.2 Supporting the bicycle industry 72
4.3 Supporting recreation and sports cycling 73
Achievements since 2003 14
Cycling infrastructure 14 Signature project four
Recreation trails 74
Cycling culture 15
Planning for improved cycling infrastructure 15 Part C – Implementation 77
Providing technical guidance and support 15
Cycling research 15 Implementing the strategy 78
Cycling in Queensland today 18 5.1 A coordinated approach 78
Why do people cycle? 18 5.2 Funding the strategy 79
Encouraging more cycling 19 5.3 Performance indicators and strategy monitoring 79
Cycling for the commute to work 21 Glossary 82
Boosting cycling through infrastructure improvements 20
Growing cycling in Queensland 21 References 83
Vision 21
Policy linkages and opportunities 21
Targets 21
Priority areas 22
Part B – Priorities for action 23
Priority area one
Building safe, direct and connected cycle networks 24
1.1 Building connected cycle networks 25
1.2 Developing cycle network plans 28
1.3 Making cycling a part of all government transport
infrastructure projects 29
Signature project one
Connected networks for cities and towns across Queensland 31
Priority area two
Growing a cycling culture 48
2.1 Supporting travel behaviour change to boost cycling 49
2.2 Encouraging active school travel 51
2.3 Providing information and wayfinding 52
2.4 Promoting cycling and community education 53
2.5 Supporting cycling events 55
2.6 Engaging cycling change champions 56
2.7 Ensuring road rules and legislative frameworks
support cycling 58
Signature project two
Bicycle education 59
Priority area three
Creating cycle-friendly communities 60
3.1 Integrating cycling into planning and development 61
3.2 Including end-of-trip facilities in development 64
3.3 Delivering a safe cycle network 66
Signature project three
Active towns 67
4 Queensland Cycle Strategy 2011–2021
Executive summary
Executive summary
Getting more people cycling, more The Queensland Cycle Strategy 2011–2021 will support Queensland household
often, for more types of trips will efforts to meet the Queensland Government’s Toward Q2: Tomorrow’s
help make our cities and towns more Queensland targets of:
sustainable, vibrant and friendly.
• cutting Queensland households’ carbon footprint by one-third by 2020
Supporting cycling as an attractive through reduced electricity and car use
way to travel means more people can
enjoy this affordable, practical and • reducing Queenslanders’ obesity levels.
healthy transport choice that offers
door-to-door convenience. Implementing the strategy involves state government agencies, local
governments, local communities and businesses, all working in partnership.
More cycling can help manage
congestion, improve quality of life The previous Queensland Cycle Strategy was released in 2003. Since then,
and reduce pollution. significant progress has been made to support more cycling. Achievements
include:
Cycling is also a popular fitness and
recreation activity. • retrofitting 295 kilometres of cycle networks since 2006 in partnership
with local governments in south-east Queensland
In many parts of Queensland, cycling
can provide affordable access to jobs • a record expenditure by the Queensland Government of more than
and services for people who cannot $100 million to expand cycling networks in regional and metropolitan
easily access public transport or a areas across Queensland in 2009–10 and an average of $90 million per
car. year in subsequent years
The Queensland Cycle Strategy • promoting best practice end-of-trip facilities through the delivery of the
2011–2021 builds on the significant Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital and King George Square cycle
commitments to cycling already centres
made by the Queensland
Government, local governments and • requiring end-of-trip facilities for all new major developments in
other organisations. In 2010, the designated local government areas through the Queensland Development
Queensland Growth Management Code
Summit included an action to release
a new Queensland Cycle Strategy. • supporting mass cycle events, such as Bike Week and Cycle Queensland
• delivering the 2006 TravelSmart Brisbane North project targeting about
75 000 households, and achieving a 50% increase in cycling.
Queensland Cycle Strategy 2011–2021 5
Executive summary
Our vision Targets
Our vision for cycling in Queensland The Queensland Cycle Strategy 2011–2021 target is to get more people to cycle,
is: more often for school, work, recreation, shopping and social trips.
Currently there is no state-wide data Cycling commute to work targets
available that tracks how often people
cycle for all types of trips.
60000
Until this is available, progress on
the strategy will be tracked through
a target to double cycling’s share of
50000 2.8%
Achieving this vision would mean: commute trips to work by 2021, and 56 000
commute
tripling these trips by 2031. 40000 cycle trips
• Queenslanders of all ages and per day
abilities can make the choice to With population growth, doubling
cycle for transport, recreation, the commute trips by bicycle by 2021 30000
fitness and health represents a 180% increase.
20000
• residents in Queensland The strategy will monitor the
cities and towns can ride on percentage of females cycling to 1.4%
21 000
safe, direct cycle routes with work. Internationally, the proportion 10000 commute
secure bicycle parking at their of female riders is recognised as cycle trips
destination an indicator of the ‘friendliness’ of per day
cycling environments. In 2006, only 0
• school and university students 19% of cycling journeys to work were 2006 2021
have safe and direct cycling made by females.
routes, with secure bicycle
parking
How can cycling benefit you?
• cycling is supported by all
levels of government and the Improved health and fitness
community. Cycling is a great way to improve your
cardiovascular fitness, tone the body
and shed some unwanted kilos.
Cycling facts
Save time
• In 2011, it is estimated Get the recommended physical activity of at
that 814 000 people ride least 30 minutes on most days of the week,
a bike in Queensland by combining exercise with your
each week (18% of cycling trip.
residents).
Save money
• In 2011, it is estimated
that close to 60% of Once you have your bike
Queensland households and accessories, cycling
have access to a bicycle. is basically free. That
means you do not
• In 2010, Australians have to pay for fuel,
bought more than parking, registration
1.3 million new bicycles, or insurance. This can
compared to one save thousands of
million cars, making it
dollars each year.
the eleventh year in a
row that bicycle sales Environmentally
outstripped car sales. friendly
• In 2009, more than Relying on ‘pedal power’,
364 000 Queenslanders cycling produces no
rode a bike for recreation, emissions and has minimal
exercise or sport – an impacts on the environment.
11% increase from the
previous two years.
6 Queensland Cycle Strategy 2011–2021
Executive summary
Priority areas
The Queensland Cycle Strategy 2011–2021 has four
priority areas for action:
• building safe, direct and connected cycle networks
• growing a cycling culture
• creating cycle-friendly communities
• developing a cycling economy.
Each priority area outlines actions to be implemented
and identifies signature projects that contribute to the
delivery of the priority.
Queensland Cycle Strategy 2011–2021 7
Executive summary
Priority area one – building safe, direct and connected cycle networks
Principal Cycle Network Plans will be prepared Strategic cycle network, Complete 5, Connect To and Educated Ways
for regions across the state to identify
important cycle connections for progressive
delivery of connected networks.
The Queensland Government has adopted
a Cycling Infrastructure Policy to make sure
cycling is incorporated into all government
transport infrastructure projects.
The policy will result in provision for cycling
in transport infrastructure projects (roads,
public transport and other), upgrades and
maintenance on the principal cycle network.
Delivering a connected network will also
make it safer to cycle. New types of cycle
facilities will be trialled that provide better
separation of cyclists and motor vehicles.
People consistently report they would walk
and cycle more if there were safer facilities,
with 91% of cyclists reporting they feel safe
when cycling on off-road paths.
Enhanced safety will be supported with
targeted reductions in speed limits, along
with a program to address locations where
cycle crashes are an issue.
The signature project for this priority is to roll
out connected networks across Queensland
cities and towns with populations of more
than 20 000 residents (see box below).
Delivery of infrastructure will be guided by
Principal Cycle Network Plans (where they are
available), with priority given to projects that
fit into one of the following categories:
Did you know?
Strategic cycle network – links to connect Cycling five
centres and key attractors. Some of these Signature project one kilometres to and from
routes may be protected cycleways or work each day instead
veloways Connected networks for cities of driving would save
and towns across Queensland about 720 kilograms
Complete 5 – completing the principal cycle of greenhouse gas
SP 1.1 Develop a delivery program in
network within five kilometres of key centres emissions per
partnership with local government for
to deliver a connected cycle network year.
strategic cycle networks, Complete 5,
Educated Ways and Connect To, updated
Educated Ways – ensuring safe and
annually as part of the Queensland Transport
connected routes are provided to major
and Roads Investment Program.
schools, universities and TAFEs, focusing on
a three kilometre catchment around schools SP 1.2 Focus criteria for existing and new cycling
infrastructure-related funding programs on delivering
Connect To – putting cycle links in place to strategic cycle network routes, Complete 5, Educated
key public transport stations and stops (up to Ways and Connect To. Coordinate and streamline the
five kilometres), supported by bicycle parking application processes across the various funding
and end-of-trip facilities. sources.
8 Queensland Cycle Strategy 2011–2021
Executive summary
Priority area two – growing a cycling culture Improving children’s
Getting more people to cycle will take time. Community attitudes to
health through active
cycling will only change when people experience cycling as being safe and school travel
convenient. Building a cycling culture is about Queensland being a place
Forty years ago, almost half of
where cycling is widely supported, encouraged and celebrated.
children walked or cycled to
school, with about one-third
Continuing to roll out the successful TravelSmart program will help send the
being driven or using other
cycling message to people in their everyday lives and get more people cycling means of transport. Today, more
to work and school, for shopping and recreation. than 70% of primary school
children are driven to and from
By providing tailored information about local cycling opportunities and school every day.
facilities, previous TravelSmart programs have boosted the number of people
cycling by more than 50%. This trend can have negative
repercussions on our children’s
health. In 2008, about 26%
The Queensland Government will continue to promote cycling messages to
of Queensland children aged
support safe interaction between cyclists and motorists. This will include
between five and 15 years were
communication activities that highlight cycling’s broad appeal. found to be overweight or obese.
Cycling events such as Bike Week and the annual Cycle Queensland ride will Encouraging children to be active
continue to be evaluated and supported as a way for cyclists to come together while travelling to and from
and help encourage new cyclists to ‘give it a try’. school for even just a few trips a
week has multiple benefits.
Connected cycle networks will be supported by providing regulatory and Having more children cycling to
directional signs, maps and other useful information. The strategy will and from school and creating
investigate using new technology to provide this information, such as a cycling culture among the
applications for use with mobile phones and GPS devices. upcoming adults of tomorrow, is
a strong focus for the Queensland
The Queensland Government will lead by example through increasing the use Cycle Strategy 2011–2021. This
of cycling in daily operations, as well as supporting businesses and health will help to address physical
professionals to encourage more people to cycle. inactivity and the rising incidence
of overweight and obese
To lessen the barriers to cycling, legal impediments to riding and new types of children.
safer cycling facilities will be identified and addressed. Active school travel programs will
continue to be rolled out across
Historical travel to school mode share in greater Brisbane the state. More active school
travel will be supported through
70% the delivery of bicycle education
programs to schools, so children
60%
learn how to cycle safely and with
50% confidence.
40%
30%
20% Did you know?
10% About three-quarters
of residents in
0% Queensland cities and
1976 1986 1992 2004 2007 2009
towns live within five
Walk Car as passenger Public Transport Cycle kilometres of an
activity centre.
Signature project two
Bicycle education
SP 2.1 Pilot and deliver nationally accredited bicycle education programs suitable for children and adults.
SP 2.2 Develop and maintain resources to inform and support schools, parents and carers when teaching children
to ride.
Queensland Cycle Strategy 2011–2021 9
Executive summary
Priority area three – creating cycle-friendly communities
When new communities are workplaces, schools, universities, Signature project three
designed for cycling and walking, the shops and activity centres. Providing
community can reduce its reliance on these facilities in new buildings Active towns
car travel. is important, as is finding ways to SP 3.1 Pilot active towns
retrofit facilities in existing buildings. programs in association with
With a significant part of future relevant state government
growth across Queensland in new The signature project for this priority agencies, local government and
communities, there is the opportunity area is to pilot active towns programs the bicycle industry. Evaluate
to have best practice cycle facilities in partnership with state agencies, outcomes, and if results are
in place from the outset. local governments, the bicycle positive, expand to other towns
industry and bicycle user groups. and cities as funding becomes
Turning attention to providing for available.
cycling in existing cities and towns Active towns programs focus
will continue to be an important infrastructure provision and
focus. encouragement intensively in a small
Did you know?
number of communities, with the
A big part of creating cycle-friendly aim of rapidly increasing cycling and Residents are more
communities will be ensuring end-of- walking. physically active in
trip facilities are provided at places communities with
people want to cycle to, such as pedestrian and
bicycle-friendly
infrastructure.
10 Queensland Cycle Strategy 2011–2021Executive summary
Priority area four –developing a cycling economy
Not only does cycling help people
stay fit and healthy, it can also
deliver economic benefits.
Through supporting cycle tourism
initiatives, the Queensland
Government can help attract more
visitors to regional and coastal
communities. With the right
facilities, these places become
a cycling holiday destination of
choice.
In addition, the strategy proposes
support for the bicycle industry to
continue to provide and expand
bicycle availability. Cycling
for sport and recreation is also
supported, in recognition of the
growing popularity of mountain
biking, road riding and BMX.
Recreation trails are the signature
project for this priority area.
Recreation trails aim to vitalise
local economies by continuing to
construct trails that encourage
walking, cycling and horse
riding. Recreation trails bring
more visitors to areas. They
also support local residents
and visitors to become healthier
through physical activity.
Did you know?
Cyclists currently
save the economy
$63.9 million per year
in reduced congestion
costs and $9.3 million
in greenhouse gas
emissions.
Signature project four
Recreation trails
SP 4.1 Develop and deliver
recreation trails and coastal
pathways through partnerships
with local governments and
communities to support
local economies and
increase recreational cycling
opportunities.
Queensland Cycle Strategy 2011–2021 11Executive summary
Implementing the strategy
The Queensland Cycle Strategy Because so many diverse groups The strategy aims to implement
2011–2021 is a whole-of-government are involved in achieving cycling additional funding programs, as well
strategy. It has been developed outcomes, a coordinated approach as focus existing funding programs
collaboratively by state and local to strategy implementation is to ensure the strategy’s vision and
governments in consultation with essential. This includes regular targets are achieved.
the cycling industry and bicycle user progress reporting through an annual
groups. report card, and the development of
detailed performance indicators to
measure the success of all priority
areas in the strategy.
12 Queensland Cycle Strategy 2011–2021Part A – Setting the scene
Part A
Setting the scene
Queensland Cycle Strategy 2011–2021 13Part A – Setting the scene
About the Queensland Cycle Strategy
Getting people cycling more often for more types of trips will make Achievements
our cities and towns more sustainable, vibrant and friendly. since 2003
Supporting cycling as an attractive way to travel means more people
can enjoy this affordable, practical and healthy transport choice that Significant progress has been made
offers door-to-door convenience. since the previous Queensland Cycle
Strategy was released in 2003. Parts of
More cycling can help manage congestion, improve quality of life and the state are showing that investment
reduce pollution. In many parts of Queensland, cycling can provide in safe, direct and connected cycling
affordable access to jobs and services for people who cannot easily facilities, combined with promotion,
access public transport or a car. gets more people cycling.
Cycling is also a popular fitness and recreational activity. The new Queensland Cycle Strategy
2011–2021 will build on these
The Queensland Cycle Strategy 2011–2021 builds on the significant investments and achievements. Some
Queensland Government commitments to cycling that are already of the key achievements delivered since
in place. In 2010, the Queensland Growth Management Summit the release of the previous strategy are
included an action to release a new Queensland Cycle Strategy. detailed below.
The strategy will support the achievement of objectives in the Cycling infrastructure
government’s state-wide plan Toward Q2: Tomorrow’s Queensland
that focuses on: Ensuring connected networks are in place
is a critical factor to achieving more cycling.
• making Queensland greener by reducing car use Recent infrastructure improvements include:
• making Queenslanders healthier by reducing obesity. • delivering new cycling facilities across
Queensland since 2006, by building
The strategy will also help reduce greenhouse gas emissions from cycling facilities as part of state road
other forms of transport, supporting Climate Q: toward a greener projects
Queensland.
• retrofitting 295 kilometres of cycle
Implementing this strategy involves state government agencies, network since 2006 in partnership
local governments, local communities and businesses working in with local governments in south-east
partnership. Queensland
As a whole-of-government strategy, funding and resources for • providing $40 million over 15 years to
implementation of the strategy are the responsibility of a range of support road, BMX, mountain bike and
agencies and are linked with multiple government strategies at local, elite cycling infrastructure, through the
state and national levels. It is anticipated that state agencies, local Sport and Recreation Infrastructure
governments and other strategy partners will continue to incorporate Program
cycling initiatives within existing policy and program priorities, and
will seek additional funding for specific projects as required. • setting the standard for new types
of end-of-trip facilities, through the
delivery of the Royal Brisbane and
Women’s Hospital and King George
Square cycle centres
• requiring end-of-trip facilities to include
secure bike racks, lockers and change
rooms where cyclists, joggers and
walkers can shower, change and secure
their belongings
• providing $44 million in funding
over the last 10 years for the delivery
of safe cycling and pedestrian
14 Queensland Cycle Strategy 2011–2021Part A – Setting the scene
infrastructure around schools, Planning for improved cycling • publishing A Guide to
through the Transport Infrastructure infrastructure Signing Cycle Networks and
Development Scheme accompanying cycle note
Bicycle network planning is supported Producing Bicycle Network Maps
• completing 100 kilometres of the by: and Cycling Transport Access
Brisbane Valley rail trail through Guides to support the provision
local, state and federal government • including a Desired Regional of consistent and legible
and community collaboration Outcome of Integrated Transport in directional and information
the South East Queensland Regional signage for cycle networks
• implementing green bicycle lanes Plan which incorporates policies across the state
across Cairns to improve safety at to promote public transport use,
problem crash locations. walking and cycling • providing training to over
300 designers and engineers
Local governments across Queensland • developing Principal Cycle Network over three years through the
are also delivering infrastructure for Plans for south-east Queensland and Designing for Pedestrians and
cycling and walking. far north Queensland Cyclists course.
Cycling culture • including cycling infrastructure Cycling research
in the Queensland Transport and
A cycling culture is growing in Roads Investment Program which Research efforts that support cycling
Queensland, supported by events, provides for the coordinated delivery include:
behaviour change programs and of transport infrastructure across
information, such as: Queensland including integrated • working with the Queensland
transport networks that support University of Technology on a
• Bike Week, the nine-day Cycle active transport cyclist visibility study. The study
Queensland ride, Gold Coast Cycle found that using lighting and
Challenge, Ride to Work and Ride to • supporting local governments to reflective clothing on moving
School update their cycle network plans parts of the body while cycling
as part of Cycle Network Program can significantly improve
• delivering the TravelSmart funding and Sport and Recreation visibility of cyclists to motorists1
Communities program – the Services Local Sport and Recreation
Brisbane North project involved Program • investigating the effect of road
about 75 000 households and lane width on cyclist safety in
achieved a 50% increase in cycling • publishing the Active and Healthy urban areas2
trips Communities guidelines for local
governments to create supportive • funding a Griffith University
• working in partnership with local environments for physical activity study to examine the barriers
government to deliver TravelSmart and healthy eating to cycling, particularly how
Schools projects – the Noosa neighbourhood design
program achieved a 25% increase • installing counters to collect cyclist influences cycling participation
in cycling to school and cycle skills and pedestrian numbers across
training was provided to 1100 year the cycle network in south-east • collecting and analysing cyclist
four students Queensland. and pedestrian traffic data.
• Share the Road campaign to Providing technical guidance and
encourage motorists to drive safely support
around cyclists and cyclists to obey
the road rules Quality cycling facilities are supported
through:
• 70% of local governments actively
promoting walking and 50% actively • developing cycle notes and other
promoting cycling through a range of technical guidance that assist state 1 Wood, J., Lasherex, P., Marszlaek, R. and King, M.
activities and local government planners and (2009), “Drivers’ and cyclists’ experiences of sharing
the road: incidents, attitudes and perceptions of
engineers to deliver best practice visibility”, Accident Analysis and Prevention, 41(4),
772-776.
• publishing local government cycling cycle facilities tailored to local
and TravelSmart maps. requirements 2 Schramm, A. and Rakotonirainy, A. (2009), The effect
of road lane width on cyclist safety in urban areas,
Paper presented to Australasian Road Safety Research,
Policing and Education Conference, 10 -13 November
2009, Sydney, New South Wales.
Queensland Cycle Strategy 2011–2021 15Part A – Setting the scene
Bicentennial
South-east Queensland
Eenie Creek cycleway, Toowong Cycle and
Noosa Pedestrian Overpass, bikeway upgrade,
Brisbane Brisbane
Since the first regional cycle network
plan for south-east Queensland was
released in 2003, progress has been
made in delivering new cycle links
across the region. Highlights include:
• Goodwill Bridge, Gardens Point to
Southbank
• Kurilpa pedestrian and cycle bridge
from North Quay to South Brisbane
Ted Smout Bridge
• Toowong pedestrian and cycle link cycleway, Redcliffe
across the Centenary Motorway
• Normanby cycle and pedestrian Noosa
facility
• Gateway cycleway pedestrian and
cycle facility
Mooloolaba
• Brassall bikeway from Brassall to
Ipswich CBD Caloundra
• Ted Smout Bridge cycleway
Brassall bikeway,
Ipswich
• Princess Alexandra Hospital
bikeway beside the Boggo Road
busway
• Eleanor Schonell Bridge pedestrian Redcliffe
and cycle facility from the University
of Queensland to Dutton Park
• Bicentennial bikeway upgrade at
Milton Brisbane
• Eenie Creek Bridge and cycleways
in Noosa Ipswich Logan
• cycle centres at King George Square Red Bridge,
Logan
and Royal Brisbane and Women’s
Hospital busway stations
• progressive delivery of V1 bikeway
from Brisbane CBD to Eight Mile Gold Coast
Plains
• pedestrian and cycle crossings of
the Brisbane River at Jindalee and
Indooroopilly.
The Queensland Government’s climate
change strategy, ClimateQ: Toward a Normanby Cycle and Royal Brisbane Gateway cycleway,
and Women’s
greener Queensland, recognises the Pedestrian Link,
Brisbane Hospital
Brisbane
key role that cycling can make towards cycle centre,
Brisbane
reducing transport greenhouse gas
emissions in its ‘Faster, Better, Safer
Walking and Cycling initiative’ to
identify and fill gaps in the inner-city
cycle network.
16 Queensland Cycle Strategy 2011–2021Part A – Setting the scene
Hook turn Narrow bridge
storage box,
Cairns
signage,
Cairns
Cycling across Queensland
Highlights include:
• Cairns inner-city cycle
facility from the CBD to
Aeroglen, providing a high
quality commuter facility
Green bicycle
lane treatment,
and demonstrating safe
Cairns implementation of cycling
facilities within a rail corridor
• safety upgrades on the Captain
Cook Highway near Cairns,
including 1.5 metre wide
shoulders for cyclists, as well
as reduced speed limits, green
paint and rubber kerbs at the
roundabouts to separate cyclists
and other vehicles
• construction of cycle lanes on
Mulgrave Road in Cairns as part
of the upgrade, including bicycle
push buttons to activate traffic
signals and a trial protected
Cairns
cycleway
• initiation of the ‘bike bus’
program, allowing groups of
Townsville students to safely travel to
school on a specified route with
supervisors
Mount Isa
Mackay • provision of cycle lanes to
the University of Southern
Queensland, Toowoomba
• provision of cycle lanes and
bicycle traffic signal push
buttons in Roma
• completion of the 21 kilometre
Bluewater Trail in Mackay.
Roma
Toowoomba
Brisbane
Bicycle lane, Bicycle push buttons, Bicycle lanes, Shared path under Douglas
Roma Roma Toowoomba Arterial, Townsville
Queensland Cycle Strategy 2011–2021 17Part A – Setting the scene
Cycling in Queensland today
Why do people cycle? Figure 1 – main reason for cycling against frequency of use for
More people associate cycling with recreation south-east Queensland residents
and exercise than as a transport choice for
journeys to work, school or education. 120%
However, people who cycle to work, school or 100% 8% 12%
education facilities ride more often than the 35%
17% 32%
majority of people who only cycle for recreation 80% 36%
and exercise (Figure 1). 35%
Historical travel trends of residents in greater 60% 23%
37% 32%
Brisbane show the share of cycling trips for work-
related purposes increased significantly from 40% 75%
21% in 1992 to 36% in 2009 (Figure 2). 54%
42%
20% 30% 32%
A survey of people’s main considerations
when choosing how to travel found that many
of the reasons people cycle are similar to why 0%
Work/Education Social/Recreation Sport/Fitness Shopping Other Reason
people drive. The top six things people consider
Infrequent Moderate Frequent
important when choosing a transport mode are
the same for cyclists and drivers (Figure 3).
Source: Department of Transport and Main Roads (2010),
Transport User Analysis of south-east Queensland residents.
Figure 2 – cycling by trip purpose for greater Brisbane
Figure 3 – considerations for car driver and cyclist travel choice
Consideration in choosing how to travel Car drivers Cyclists
Reliability (consistent travel time)
Able to leave anytime
Ease of access from home
Convenience
Flexibility
Source: Department of Transport and Main Roads (2010), Able to go anywhere
Transport User Analysis of south-east Queensland residents.
Shortest travel time
Cycling facts No waiting time before travel
Protection from weather
• In 2011, it is estimated that 814 000
people ride a bike in Queensland each Cost
week (18% of residents).
Comfort
• In 2011, it is estimated that close to Familiarity
60% of Queensland households have
Stress
access to a bicycle.
Safety
• In 2010, Australians bought more than
1.3 million new bicycles, compared Make the best use of travel time
to one million cars, making it the
eleventh year in a row that bicycle Source: Department of Transport and Main
sales outstripped car sales. Roads (2010), Transport User Analysis of Top 1–3
south-east Queensland residents.
Top 4–6
• In 2009, more than
364 000 Queenslanders rode a bike for Top 7–10
recreation, exercise or sport – an 11%
increase from the previous two years.
18 Queensland Cycle Strategy 2011–2021Part A – Setting the scene
Encouraging more cycling
Figure 4 illustrates the barriers to cycling reported in a People consistently report they would walk and cycle
survey of south-east Queensland residents. Many barriers more if there were safer facilities, with 91% of cyclists
relate to the quality of infrastructure (feel unsafe, no bike reporting they feel safe when cycling on off-road paths
paths, no end-of-trip facilities). (Figure 5).
Figure 4 – barriers to cycling Figure 5 – situations where cyclists report feeling safe
91% Off-road on bike paths
82% Paths shared with pedestrians
80% Off-road on footpaths
Source: Department of Transport and Main Roads (2010), 58% On-road in bike lanes
Transport User Analysis of south-east Queensland residents.
On-road with
9% of cyclists report 17%
NO bike lanes
NEVER feeling safe
Source: Queensland Transport (2009), Sustainable Transport Survey.
Goodwill Bridge, Brisbane
Queensland Cycle Strategy 2011–2021 19Part A – Setting the scene
Cycling for the commute to work Figure 6 –commute to work cycling mode share
(by local government area)
Data for cycling participation across Queensland is
collected as part of the Australian Bureau of Statistics
census which captures journey to work. The census is
Mode share change (1996–2006)
carried out every five years, with the most recent data
from 2006. Positive
In 2006, about 20 000 people cycled to work on an Decline 0 to 0.5
average weekday in Queensland. Despite population
growth, this number has declined from about 23 000 in Decline 0.5 to 1.0
1991.
Decline over 1.0
On average, 1.1% of white collar workers and 1.8% of blue
collar workers cycle to work each day.
3.2 Cairns
There is significant variation in cycling participation rates
for the commute to work across the state, with parts of
Brisbane as low as 0.5% and parts of Cairns at 10%.
2.9 Townsville
Cycling participation rates for the commute to work
have declined across all the major towns and cities 1.7 Mackay
since 1996, with the exception of inner Brisbane (Figure
6). This increase is related to the provision of cycling
infrastructure that delivered safe, direct and connected Rockhampton 1.5
routes.
Gladstone 1.7
Boosting cycling through infrastructure Toowoomba
Brisbane
Bundaberg 2.0
1.5
improvements 1.3
0.4 0.5 Maryborough 1.4
Ipswich 0.8
There has been significant investment in cycling Logan Gympie
infrastructure to provide direct, off-road connections to
1.2
Brisbane’s CBD (particularly from the south and west).
Gold Coast see inset
Investment has seen increased levels of cycling
participation in suburbs surrounding these quality
facilities. Between 2001 and 2006, cycle trips to work in the
south and west increased from 3.1% to 3.7%, as people
Between 1986 and 2006, the share of cycling trips to work could more easily access the CBD from suburbs south
in the CBD increased from 0.5% to 3% for suburbs within of the river with the opening of the Goodwill Bridge.
12 kilometres of the city (Figure 7) – a five-fold increase. By comparison, Brisbane’s northside mode share only
increased from 1.9% to 2.2%.
Cycling increases were higher in southern and western
suburbs, highlighting the positive influence of dedicated In 2006, inner Brisbane suburbs such as West End and
cycle facilities in attracting more people to cycling. Woolloongabba experienced more than 7% of journeys
to work by bicycle.
Figure 7 – change in cycling mode share around key Everton
infrastructure
Park in inner Brisbane
Kedron
1986 2006
2006
Everton Park
Kedron
75kms of
2006
major cycle
75kms of
infrastructure
major cycle
The Gap Kelvin GroveThe Gap
infrastructure
OffOffroad cycling
Kelvin Grove road cycling
infrastructure
infrastructure
Balmoral Balmoral
Brisbane Cycle mode
Brisbane Auchenflower
City share (%)
Cycle7 tomode
City
10
Woolloongabba share53 to 7
(%)
to 5
St Lucia Carindale
Auchenflower 721 to
to32 10
to
Woolloongabba 50 toto1 7
Graceville 3 to 5
St Lucia Carindale 2 to 3
Jindalee
Mount Gravatt 1 to 2
0 to 1
Graceville
Jindalee
20 Mount GravattQueensland Cycle Strategy 2011–2021Part A – Setting the scene
Growing cycling in Queensland
Vision Targets
Our vision for cycling in Queensland is: The Queensland Cycle Strategy 2011–2021 target is to
get more people to cycle more often for school, work,
recreation, shopping and social trips.
Currently there is no state-wide data available that tracks
how often people cycle for all types of trips.
Until this becomes available, progress on the strategy will
be tracked through a target to double cycling’s share of
Achieving this vision would mean: commute trips to work by 2021, and triple these trips by
2031.
• Queenslanders of all ages and abilities can make Figure 8 –cycling commute to work targets
the choice to cycle for transport, recreation, With population
fitness and health growth, doubling 60000
the commute
• residents in Queensland cities and towns can ride trips by bicycle
on safe, direct cycle routes with secure bicycle by 2021 will mean 50000 2.8%
parking at their destination a 180% increase 56 000
in the number of commute
40000 cycle trips
• school and university students have safe and weekday work
per day
direct cycling routes, with secure bicycle parking trips by bicycle
(Figure 8). 30000
• cycling is supported by all levels of government
and the community. The strategy
will monitor 20000
the percentage 1.4%
Policy linkages and opportunities of females 21 000
cycling to work. 10000 commute
Incorporating a health benefit into daily travel Internationally, cycle trips
per day
Cycling is a convenient, safe and attractive option the proportion of
0
for many trips, encouraging more people to make females riding is
2006 2021
active travel choices as part of daily travel. This will recognised as an
contribute to the Toward Q2 target to cut obesity by indicator of the ‘friendliness’ of cycling environments. In
one-third across Queensland. 2006, only 19% of cycling journeys to work in Queensland
were made by females.
Providing an affordable and convenient travel choice
Many Queenslanders can easily access goods, Targets for other
services, facilities and jobs by safe, direct cycle cycling trips will be Did you know?
connections. established as
state-wide Cycling five kilometres
Protecting the environment and transitioning to a low data becomes to and from work each
carbon future available. day instead of driving would
Greenhouse gases and other environmental save about 720 kilograms of
emissions are reduced by increasing levels of The strategy greenhouse gas emissions
cycling. This supports the Toward Q2 target to cut provides a basis per year – 5% of the average
Queenslanders’ carbon footprint by one-third through for setting targets Queensland household’s
reducing car and electricity use. at regional and local greenhouse
government levels emissions.
Managing congestion through more detailed
By encouraging people to replace some car trips with planning processes, such
cycling, congestion can be better managed. as Integrated Regional Transport
Plans and local government transport plans. The state-wide
Making transport more resilient to oil shortages targets should be considered as a minimum.
By establishing cycling as an attractive travel choice,
the vulnerability to reduced oil supply and rising oil Achieving progress towards the Queensland Cycle Strategy
prices can be minimised. 2011–2021 targets will contribute directly to Toward Q2:
Tomorrow’s Queensland green and healthy targets.
Queensland Cycle Strategy 2011–2021 21Part A – Setting the scene
Priority areas
The Queensland Cycle Strategy 2011–2021 has four priority areas for action. The strategy sets out a signature project for
each priority. These signature projects will focus implementation to achieve the vision of ‘more cycling, more often’.
Each priority area is also supported by a set of actions designed to help achieve the strategy vision and targets. These
actions have short, medium or long-term timeframes for implementation, or are existing and will be continued.
1 Building safe, direct and connected cycle networks
Safe, direct and connected cycle networks will provide Signature project one – Connected networks for cities and
facilities to support the many trips for which the bicycle is towns across Queensland
a viable, convenient and enjoyable transport choice. This SP 1.1 Develop a delivery program in partnership with
includes: local government for strategic cycle networks, Complete 5,
• building connected cycle networks Educated Ways and Connect To, updated annually as part of
• developing cycle network plans the Queensland Transport and Roads Investment Program.
• making cycling a part of all government SP 1.2 Focus criteria for existing and new cycling
infrastructure projects. infrastructure-related funding programs on delivering
strategic cycle network routes, Complete 5, Educated Ways
and Connect To. Coordinate and streamline the application
processes across the various funding sources.
2 Growing a cycling culture
A cycling culture is about Queensland being a place Signature project two – bicycle education
where cycling is widely supported, encouraged and SP 2.1 Pilot and deliver nationally-accredited bicycle
celebrated. This includes: education programs suitable for children and adults.
• supporting travel behaviour change to boost cycling SP 2.2 Develop and maintain resources to inform and support
• encouraging active school travel schools, parents and carers when teaching children to ride.
• providing information and wayfinding
• promoting cycling and community education
• supporting cycling events
• engaging cycling change champions
• ensuring road rules and legislative frameworks
support cycling.
3 Creating cycle-friendly communities
When communities and suburbs are designed to be Signature project three – active towns
‘cycleable’ and ‘walkable’, the community as a whole Active towns focus infrastructure provision and
can reduce its reliance on car travel. This includes: encouragement intensively in a small number of communities
• integrating cycling into planning and development with the aim of rapidly increasing cycling and walking.
• including end-of-trip facilities in developments SP 3.1 Pilot active town programs in association with relevant
• delivering a safe cycle network. state government agencies, local government and the bicycle
industry. Evaluate outcomes and, if results are positive,
expand to other towns and cities as funding becomes
available.
4 Developing a cycling economy
Developing a cycling economy is about inviting Signature project four – recreation trails
community and business to partner with government Recreation trails for walking, cycling and horse riding can
to take advantage of the value-adding benefits of vitalise local economies and have health benefits.
cycling, it is also about supporting all forms of cycling
SP 4.1 Develop and deliver recreation trails and coastal
including outdoor recreation and sport. This includes:
pathways through partnerships with local governments
• supporting cycle tourism and communities to support local economies and increase
• supporting the bicycle industry recreational cycling opportunities.
• supporting recreation and sports cycling.
22 Queensland Cycle Strategy 2011–2021Part B – Priorities for action
Part B
Priorities for action
Queensland Cycle Strategy 2011–2021 23Part B – Priorities for action
Priority area one
Building safe,
direct and
connected
cycle networks
Roma Street Parklands, Brisbane
24 Queensland Cycle Strategy 2011–2021Part B – Priorities for action
Most trips in Queensland, even short The strategy will focus on providing The action tables in the following
ones, are made by car. facilities to activity centres, school section include an implementation
and universities to support as many priority. The intended timeframes
Cycling offers many advantages over cycling trips as possible. are:
driving, such as avoiding congestion
and car parking costs. Activity centres are areas of • Short: 2011 – 2013
employment, residential and/or
At a comfortable cycling speed of retail activity. Larger cities can have • Medium: 2014 – 2017
15 kilometres per hour, a trip of five several activity centres.
kilometres becomes an easy 20 • Long: 2018 – 2021
minute bicycle ride for most people. In Queensland, cycling on footpaths
is permitted. • Existing: current action.
Having safe and attractive bicycle
routes to the places people need This expands the off-road cycle
to go is the key to making cycling a network, making it more attractive for
desirable choice. existing cyclists, and is important in
supporting new cyclists who are not
Where there is no public transport comfortable cycling on busy roads.
ow?
service, walking and cycling are Did you kn
2011
often the only transport options Ensuring footpaths are cycle-friendly During the s many
nd flo d
o
available when people do not have and wide enough to share with Queensla dated by
access to a car. By making it easy to pedestrians, where possible, can a th s were inun
cyc le p ality and
cycle, greater opportunities will be support an expanded off-road a te rs. The qu
ris in g w ities was
provided for people without a car (or network and help achieve ‘more ie n c e o f these facil with
resil ds ,
er the floo
who choose not to use their car) to cycling, more often’. proven aft in g a simple
access jobs, education, shopping and o s t o n ly requir y
m ecome full
recreation. clean to b al.
operation
1.1 Building connected cycle networks
The Queensland Government The principles for providing cycling This signature project will focus on
will give priority to developing a infrastructure include: delivering cycling networks for cities
connected network of safe active and towns with a population of more
transport routes, with a focus on: • providing clearly defined than 20 000 people.
operating space for cyclists
• improving active transport links through on and off-road cycling For this reason, this initiative will
to and between activity centres, facilities target infrastructure funding to towns
tertiary education institutions with the highest population, and
and schools • ensuring the cycle network greater traffic levels, and the need for
provides a high degree of safe and connected networks.
• integrating cycling and walking connectivity and direct routes.
with public transport. Boosting cycling in smaller towns is
Delivering a connected network aided by their compact size and lower
Levels of cycling are directly across the state means significant populations.
related to the quality of cycling investment. It will take time
infrastructure. to put all the links in place to Less population translates into less
provide continuous, direct cycling traffic, meaning that cyclists can
Communities with safe, direct connections. safely cycle on local streets.
and connected cycling routes
demonstrate higher levels of cycling. To prioritise delivery of a connected This reduces the need for expensive
cycle network, the Queensland Cycle cycling networks that are essential in
Cycling needs safe and attractive Strategy 2011–2021 has a signature larger cities to support more cycling.
space in the transport system to project – ‘Connected networks for
function. cities and towns’. Table 1.1 details actions to build
connected cycle networks.
Queensland Cycle Strategy 2011–2021 25Part B – Priorities for action
Table 1.1 – building connected cycle networks
Action Description Priority Agency*
1.1.1 Review criteria for funding Safe School Travel to give highest priority to initiatives that support Short TMR
pedestrian, cyclist and bus access to schools.
1.1.2 Incorporate trunk cycling and pedestrian networks into Priority Infrastructure Plans and Existing LG
Infrastructure Charges Schemes to ensure cycling facilities are delivered as part of the TMR
development process.
1.1.3 Continue to implement cycle network facilities in line with prioritised works programs. Existing LG
TMR
1.1.4 Continue to manage funding programs which maintain eligibility to local recreational cycling Existing SRS
facilities. LG
1.1.5 Improve safety for cyclists on key cycle routes by investigating areas in towns where Medium TMR
car parking can be relocated, reconfigured or removed to make room for bicycle lanes, LG
recognising that on these routes the safe and efficient movement of vehicles including
bicycles has a higher priority than parking.
1.1.6 Continue to provide bicycle park’n’ride at public transport stations and stops. Existing TTA
TMR
1.1.7 Investigate establishing bicycle hire outlets at major train stations. Long TMR
LG
1.1.8 Provide local cycle and pedestrian links to new and upgraded public transport stations and Short TMR
stops as part of public transport infrastructure projects. LG
1.1.9 Work with Austroads to enhance guidance on the design of local cycle and pedestrian-friendly Existing TMR
streets into road design guidelines.
1.1.10 Develop good practice guidance and supporting traffic regulations for the design and Medium TMR
implementation of protected cycleways and veloways; pursue a nationally consistent
approach, where possible.
1.1.11 Pilot and evaluate protected cycleways and veloways, where appropriate. Medium TMR
LG
1.1.12 Identify the whole-of-life cost of new cycle network facilities during design and project Existing TMR
prioritisation, and ensure that the network owner incorporates the completed facility into its LG
asset management program.
1.1.13 Apply maintenance minimisation principles in design and operation of new cycling facilities, Existing TMR
such as selection of landscaping and urban design that minimises manual maintenance and LG
path damage, and restricting heavy vehicles from driving across paths.
1.1.14 Pilot initiatives with private sector organisations to provide cycle connections and end-of-trip Medium TMR
facilities to large industrial workplaces. LG
*Refer to the glossary on page 82
Success story – Cairns cycling infrastructure
The first protected cycleway on The kerbing, in conjunction with
the state-controlled road network a reduced speed limit at the
was delivered in Cairns in 2009. roundabout, was used for the first
It provided an off-road bike path time in this way on the
located between the footpath and state-controlled road network. This
the angle or parallel parking bays encouraged motorists to slow down
on Mulgrave Road, as part of the and stay within their lane.
road upgrade.
In addition, a $1.8 million
roundabout upgrade program on
the Captain Cook Highway north
of Cairns included rubber kerbing
and dividers to separate cyclists
and other vehicles.
26 Queensland Cycle Strategy 2011–2021Part B – Priorities for action
Northern cycleway
Separating cyclists from cars – Veloways A northern cycleway for Brisbane City
on track to protected cycleways
The veloway concept is about cycling An investigation is underway to
To encourage more people to take up infrastructure that is wide enough to identify the route for a north Brisbane
cycling, cycle facilities are needed cater for at least two cyclists riding cycleway. The cycleway will provide
that are safe and attractive to the side by side, with space for faster a high quality cycle corridor from
widest possible range of users. moving cyclists to safely overtake. the CBD to Kedron and ultimately
Chermside, integrated with existing
Protected cycleways are physically These facilities encourage people land uses and future growth. It will
separated from motor vehicle traffic of all ages and abilities to ride, for separate cyclists from other traffic.
by kerbs and/or parking. sports training, a social trip, or
commuting. It will connect cycle facilities that are
Protected cycleways promote being delivered as part of the Airport
accessibility and safety for cyclists. Veloways provide a very high Link project at Bowen Hills, through
standard cycling facility (wide path, Albion and Wooloowin, linking into
Some Australian cities have delivered straight alignment, good sight lines) the existing bikeway at Kedron Brook
protected cycleways, recognising and are intended for major cycling and the Royal Brisbane and Women’s
that these are one of the best ways to links where high numbers of cyclists Hospital cycle centre.
encourage new cyclists. are expected. Veloways are generally
designed for higher travel speeds.
Queensland Cycle Strategy 2011–2021 27Part A – Setting the scene
1.2 Developing cycle network plans
Ensuring the right planning is in place Regional plans incorporate strategies Local government cycle plans
is an important part of delivering a which support active transport and
connected network. Cycle network promote the development of cycle Local government active transport
plans aim to: network plans. Regional plans may networks should complement
identify principal cycle networks as principal cycle network routes.
• connect destinations by a direct part of transport network maps.
and safe cycle network Together, the Principal Cycle Network
Principal Cycle Network Plans Plans and local government cycle
• address barriers to cycling plans in each region, will form the
The Queensland Government will basis for Infrastructure Charges
• guide infrastructure delivery in prepare and implement Principal Schedules and cycle overlay maps for
the area. Cycle Network Plans in partnership planning schemes.
with local governments to guide the
Cycling facilities can be progressively development of principal cycle routes Table 1.2 details
delivered through a range of and regional recreation routes across actions to support
mechanisms, such as: the state. the delivery of
cycle network
• building cycling facilities as part South-east Queensland and far north plans.
of new road and public transport Queensland currently have Principal
infrastructure Cycle Network Plans in place.
• making provision for cyclists
during road maintenance and
upgrades Cycle network planning principles
• incorporating cycling facilities Providing a safe, direct and coherent cycle network is pivotal in getting
into planning and development of more people cycling, more often. Principal cycle network routes need
new communities to be available at regular intervals within the road system to ensure a
connected and convenient cycle network. When considering the density
• developing specific projects to and standards of cycle networks, the following principles can be applied:
provide on and off-road cycling
facilities. • Ideally for principal or arterial cycle connections, a network of cycle
routes spaced no more than 1000 metres apart should be identified
Cycling in Regional Plans (regional plans and Principal Cycle Network Plans).
The Department of Local Government • For secondary or district cycle connections, a network of cycle routes
and Planning is progressively approximately 200–500 metres apart should be provided to support
preparing regional plans across the principal routes (local government cycle network plans).
Queensland.
• The type of bicycle facilities provided should be determined by
the form, function and use of the cycle route relative to the road
environment and the range of likely users.
Table 1.2 – cycle network strategies and plans
Action Description Priority Agency*
1.2.1 Continue to prepare Principal Cycle Network Plans for all regions in Queensland. Short TMR
1.2.2 Review and update Principal Cycle Network Plans on a regular basis: Existing TMR
a. major review every five years
b. mapping updates coordinated with local government access audits.
1.2.3 Publish recommended standards for cycle facilities as a companion document to Principal Medium TMR
Cycle Network Plans and integrate these standards into national and state road design
standards.
1.2.4 Prepare local cycle network plans to identify a grid of local seamless connections which Short LG
provide access to the principal cycle network to guide planning schemes and works programs.
*Refer to the glossary on page 82
28 Queensland Cycle Strategy 2011–2021You can also read
