Rapid Situational Assessment (NDC-RSA) - GUIDANCE NOTE - NDC Partnership
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Rapid Situational Assessment (NDC-RSA)
GUIDANCE NOTE
Purpose: This template is intended to provide context for the involvement of the NDC Partnership (NDCP) in supporting the
country in implementing its Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) to the Paris Climate Agreement. This scoping tool’s
primary use is to support the rapid identification of gaps in resources or capacities, which the country may seek to fill through
international cooperation. This is not done for the purpose of seeking funding, but to (a) develop a common understanding of
country’s plans, progress, challenges, and gaps in relation to NDC implementation; and (b) inform the NDCP partners on
possible areas of coordinated support that can be planned and executed with Flexible Funding and other financing
mechanisms. On the basis of information gathered in the RSA, NDCP partners and the host government can agree upon the
NDC Partnership Plan. The RSA will also provide valuable information for filling in the NDC Country Factsheet.
Frequency: First at the NDCP partnership launch (initial scoping stage), then again at the start of each planning cycle.
Roles: Depending on the Facilitation Option chosen, this template will be filled out by either someone from the member
country’s Ministry, a representative of an Implementing Partner (IP) or a member of the NDCP Support Unit (SU). The
information will be collected via consultations conducted by the NDCP with a range of developing country officials and other
stakeholders including, most notably, the NDCP Kick-off Workshop. Existing diagnostics from NDCP partners and beyond can
be a complementary source of information.
Format: This template consists of the following five sections:
1. Country Background
2. NDC Overview
3. Priority Problems and Needs
4. Stakeholder Response
5. Partnership Framework
Sections 1 and 2 contextualize the NDCs and describe the current environment in the country vis-à-vis their implementation.
Sections 3 and 4 attempt to identify key gaps and opportunities for engagement, by summarizing (a) the country’s NDC-related
problems and prioritized needs from the government’s perspective and (b) development partners’ response and consultations
undertaken.
Section 5 provides information on possible intervention areas for support of NDC implementation and increased ambition.
This section aims to bridge the RSA with the next step of Partnership Plan development.
COUNTRY: Mongolia DATE RSA COMPLETED: May 2018
Name and Title: Contact Information:
PERSON Lee Cando LeeCando@ndcpartnership.org
FILLING THIS Regional Specialist, Asia & Pacific
IN: GereltuyaPuntsagdash@ndcpartnership.org
Gereltuya Puntsagdash
Senior Country Engagement Specialist
NDC Rapid Situational Assessment (RSA) page 11. Country Background
1.1. NDCP Least Developed Country (LDC), Lower-Middle
membership NDCP Membership Status: Income Country (LMIC) or Upper-Middle
status and Income Country (UMIC)
Country
Member, support requested LMIC
classification
1.2. Point person at Name, Title, Entity: Contact Information (Email, Phone):
the NDCP
Lee Cando +66-2-6518795
Support Unit
Regional Engagement Specialist
Asia and Pacific, NDCP Support Unit leecando@ndcpartnership.org
Gereltuya Puntsagdash, Senior Country
+49-228-815-1268
Engagement Specialist, NDCP Support Unit
gereltuyapuntsagdash@ndcpartnership.org
1.3. NDCP Name and title Contact Information
IP Name:
Implementing of point person: (Email, Phone):
Partners (IPs) in the
Asian Ongonsar Purev, Senior opurev@adb.org
country Development Environment Officer,
*For each IP: Name of Bank, ADB Mongolia Resident Mission
point person; Title;
Email; Phone. European Bank Irina Kravchenko, kravchei@ebrd.com
for Head of Mongolia
Reconstruction
and Sung-Ah Kyun KyunS@ebrd.com
Development, Principal, Policy & Climate
EBRD Finance
Global Green Romain Brillie brillie.romain@gggi.org
Growth Country Representative
Institute, GGGI Mongolia
German Daniel Passon daniel.passon@giz.de
International Country Director, Mongolia
Cooperation,
GIZ Ilka Starrost
Senior Project Manager ilka.starrost@giz.de
Capacity Development for
climate policy in the countries
of South East, Eastern Europe,
the South Caucasus and
Central Asia, Phase III
Eva Huebner
NDCP Liaison officer, Support
Project for the Implementation eva.huebner@ebastian.wienges@giz.de
of the Paris Agreement (SPA)
UN Djaheezah Subratty djaheezah.subratty@un.org
Environment Head of Energy Unit
United Nations Beate Trankmann beate.trankmann@one.un.org
Development UN Resident Coordinator in
Programme, Mongolia
UNDP
Daniela Gasparikova Daniela.gasparikova@undp.org
Deputy Resident
Representative
Bunchingiv Bazartseren, bunchingiv.bazartseren@undp.org
Environment Team Leader,
UNDP Mongolia
World Bank Ana Elisa Bucher abucher@worldbank.org
Group, WBG Senior Climate Change
Specialist
Climate Change Solutions Area
NDC Rapid Situational Assessment (RSA) page 2shammer@worldbank.org
Stephen Hammer, Manager of
Climate Policy
ppillai@worldbank.org
Poonam Pillai
Senior Disaster Risk
Management Specialist
Erdene Ochir Badarch,
Operational Officer for Rural
Development and Environment
Programs, WB Office Mongolia ebadarch@worldbank.org
1.4. Government Name(s), Title(s), Entity(ies): Contact Information (Email, Phone):
Focal Points (FPs) / Mr. Batjargal Khandjav bajimn@gmail.com
Counterparts Director-General, Public Admin and Management Tel: +976-51-264711; +976-11-32 28 38
Department, Ministry of Environment and Tourism
Dr. Batjargal Zamba, UNFCCC Focal Point and z_batjargal@yahoo.com
Special Envoy on Climate Change
E. Bolor, Director, Division of Loan and Official bolor_e@mof.gov.mn
Development Assistance
Ministry of Finance
J. Doljinsuren, Director of Development Policy and doljinsuren.j@nda.gov.mn
Planning Division
Operational Focal Points:
Anand Tsogt, spiritanda@gmail.com
Officer, Department of Climate Change and +976-51-263341
International Cooperation,
Ministry of Environment and Tourism
B. Amarjargal amarjargal_b@mof.gov.mn
Officer, Division of Loan and Official Development
Assistance
Suzanna Sumkhuu suzanna.s@nda.gov.mn
Officer, Development Policy and Planning Division +976-51-261575
National Development Agency
Ms. Tegshjargal Bumtsend, tegshjargal@ncf.mn
GHG Inventory Specialist, Climate Change Project +976-7000 0743
Implementing Unit of the Nature Conservation tegshjargal77@gmail.com
Fund under the Ministry of Environment and
Tourism
2. NDC overview
Adaptation Mitigation
2.1. Specific Adaption & Mongolia’s NDC was shaped and finalized through national level policy documents and a
Mitigation Goals comprehensive consultation exercise consisting of a broad range of stakeholders. It has its
conceptual roots from the Green Development Policy1and the National Action Programme
*Distinguish between on Climate Change (NAPCC)2. NAPCC’s aim is to meet its obligations and commitments
adaptation and mitigation under the United Nations Framework on Climate Change (UNFCCC), establish national
goals, where possible. If policy and strategy to tackle adverse impacts of climate change, and mitigate greenhouse
not possible to gas (GHG) emissions.
disaggregate, then feel
Adaptation targets have been included in Mongolia has outlined a series of policies and
free to merge the cells.
the NDC due to the country’s high measures that the country commits to
degree of vulnerability to climate implement up to 2030. The cumulative impact
change. It is based on a detailed analysis of these policies and measures will be a 14%
of anticipated impacts of climate change reduction in total national GHG emissions
excluding Land use, land use change and
1
Approved by Parliament in 2014.
2
Endorsed by Parliament in 2011.
NDC Rapid Situational Assessment (RSA) page 3and challenges it would post to socio- forestry (LULUCF) by 2030, compared to the
economic development. projected emissions under a business as usual
scenario.
Mongolia’s vision for adaptation is to
increase adaptive capacity to overcome The proposed targets below originated from
negative impacts of climate change and the Green Development Policy of Mongolia,
strengthen resilience of the ecosystem an overarching and comprehensive approach
and socio-economic sectors. to deliver low carbon economic growth, taking
into account sustainable development. This
3.4 Billion USD required for adaptation strategy mainstreams mitigation and
goals to be met. adaptation as a way to reduce social and
environmental vulnerability.
Adaptation aims to reduce risks and
vulnerabilities for the following sectors 3.5 billion USD is required for mitigation goals
such as to be met.
• animal husbandry, by implementing
sustainable pasture management; Energy (Power and Heat)3
• arable farming, by increasing • Increase renewable energy capacity from
irrigated cropland, reducing soil 7.62% in 2014 to 20% by 2020 and to
water loss and decreasing soil 30% by 2030;
carbon emissions; • Reduce electricity transmission losses
• water resources, by (1) protecting from 13.7% in 2014 to 10.8% by 2020 and
runoff formation zones and native 7.8% by 2030;
ecosystems in river basins to • Reduce building heat loss by 20% by 2020
maintain availability of water and by 40% by 2030 (compared to 2014
resources; (2) constructing levels);
reservoirs for glacier meltwater • Reduce internal energy use of Combined
harvesting; and by (3) introducing Heat and Power plants from 14.4% in
water saving and water treatment 2014 to 11.2% by 2020 and 9.14% by
technologies; 2030;
• forest resources, by (1) increasing • Implement advanced technology in
efficiency of reforestation actions energy production by 2030.
(2) reducing forest degradation
rate, and by (3) improving Energy (Transport)4
effectiveness of forest • Improved national paved road network;
management; • Improve Ulaanbaatar city road network
• natural disaster management, by to decrease traffic by 30-40% by 2023;
enhancing and improving early • Increase the share of private hybrid
warning and prevention systems for vehicles from approx. 6.5% in 2014 to
natural disasters. 13% by 2030;
• Shift from liquid fuel to LPG for vehicles
in Ulaanbaatar and aimag (province)
centers by improving taxation and
charging an environmental fee;
• Improve enforcement mechanism of
standards of road vehicles and non-road
based transport.
Industrial Sector5
• Reduce emissions in the cement industry
through upgrading the technology from
wet to dry processing and through the
construction of new cement plant with
dry processing up to 2030.
3
State policy on energy (Parliament resolution No. 63, 2015), and Green Development Policy, 2014
4
National Action Programme on Climate Change (NAPCC), 2011; Urban public transport investment programme, 2015; Nationally
Appropriate Mitigation Actions (NAMAS), 2010; Midterm new development programme, 2010.
5
NAMAs, 2010; NAPCC 2011; Government resolution No. 171, 2012; Building materials programme.
NDC Rapid Situational Assessment (RSA) page 4Agriculture6
• Maintain livestock population at
appropriate levels according to the
pasture carrying capacity.
Other than the above, GoM is interested in
pursuing additional mitigation actions:
• Improving stove efficiency to reduce fuel
use in households;
• Development of a Bus Rapid Transit (BRT)
and improvement of public
transportation system in Ulaanbaatar;
• Development of a comprehensive plan
for emissions reductions in the livestock
sub-sector;
• Development of a waste management
plan; and
• Improving motor and housekeeping in
the industrial sector.
Mongolia intends to include mitigation actions
in the forestry sector by reducing GHG
emissions from deforestation and forest
degradation by 2% in 2020 and 5% by 2030.7
2.2. Conditional goals Based on rough estimations of The expected mitigation impact of policies and
identified adaptation measures, Mongolia needs measures will result to a 14% reduction in
around USD 3.4 billion for funding in total national GHG emissions, excluding Land
*Specify, where possible with technology and capacity building, Use, Land Use Change and Forestry (LULUCF)
volume of resource whereby up to 80% conditional on sectors.
requirement.
international sources and donor
institutions. Mongolia needs USD 3.5 billion for mitigation
goals to be met, contingent upon gaining
access to new technologies and sources of
finance through internationally-agreed
mechanisms and instruments under UNFCCC.
2.3. Priority Sectors/sub- Agriculture, water resources, forest Energy, industry, agriculture and waste
Sectors covered by the resources, and natural disaster sectors.
NDCs management.
2.4. Lead Ministry and The Ministry of Environment and Tourism (MET) is the key ministry responsible for
other Coordinating developing, updating and implementing climate policies. It is the national entity
Ministries. with brief responsible for organizing and coordinating the compilation of INDCs, National
explanation of roles and Communications, Biennial updated reports, GHG inventory and submitting them to the
responsibilities, where Secretariat of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). It
relevant is also the Nationally Designated Authority (NDA), under the Green Climate Fund (GCF).
The MET collaborates and coordinates with the Ministries of Finance, Energy, Industry,
6
Mongolian National Livestock Programme, 2010.
7
State Policy on Forest, 2015.
NDC Rapid Situational Assessment (RSA) page 5Building and Urban Development, Road and Transport and Agriculture in the
implementation of its NDCs.
In 2016, the MET established the Climate Change and International Cooperation
Department to manage the implementation of commitments and duties under the
UNFCCC and integrate climate change issues into other development programs.
In 2015, the MET established the Climate Change Project Implementation Unit (CCPIU) at
the Nature Conservation Fund.8 The CCPIU facilitates the implementation of its
commitments under the UNFCCC.
The National Agency for Meteorology and Environmental Monitoring (NAMEM) monitors
the environment and climate and carry out a range of climate change studies and
research.
Other line ministries such as Ministry of Finance, Ministry of Agriculture and Light Industry,
Ministry of Energy, Ministry of Mining and Heavy Industry, Ministry of Road and
Transportation, Ministry of Contraction and Urban Development are responsible for
implementation of Adaptation and mitigation measures in their respective areas and
sectors.
The National Statistics Office (NSO) is the primary source of data and coordinates with
other entities9 to gather information required for GHG estimation.
2.5. Explain the level of Resources such as GoM’s NDC and BUR do not specifically mention the level of
engagement by Ministry of engagement by the Ministry of Finance in NDC implementation. However, Mongolia’s
Finance/Planning in NDC NDCs note that the Ministry of Finance supports the MET as an implementing agent of the
implementation. NDCs.
2.6. List the key relevant Green Development Policy (2014-2030) and the Action Plan for its implementation, 2014
policy and strategy and 2016.
documents of the
government. Intended Nationally Determined Contributions (INDC) Submission by the Government of
Mongolia to the Ad Hoc Working Group on the Durban Platform for Enhanced Action,
2016.
Mongolia’s Submission to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change,
UNFCCC on the Biennial Update Report (BUR), August 2017.
Mongolia Initial and Second National Communications to UNFCCC, 2000 and 2010.
Mongolia Third National Communications to UNFCCC, 2018.
Midterm New Development Programme, 2010.
Mongolian National Livestock Program, 2010.
National Action Program on Climate Change (NAPCC), 2011 (2011-2021)
8
Until 2017, was called Environment and Climate Fund.
9
Ministries of Energy, Road and Transport Development, Agriculture and Light Industry, Construction and Urban Development, CDM
Bureau, National Renewable Energy Center, Ulaanbaatar Municipality and National Customs Office.
NDC Rapid Situational Assessment (RSA) page 6National Agriculture Development Policy (2010-2021), 2010.
Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions (NAMAS), 2010.
National Program on Waste Management Improvement Strategy and Action Plan, 2014.
National Renewable Energy Programme, 2005.
State Policy on Energy (2015-2030).
State Policy on Food and Agriculture, 2016.
State Policy on Forest (2016-2030).
Sustainable Development Vision 2030, 2016.
2.7. Briefly explain the Mongolia, with UN Environment, requested support from the GCF Readiness Programme to
formulation status of the formulate its National Adaptation Plans. The country’s goals are:
National Adaptation Plan • Reducing vulnerability to impacts of climate change by building adaptive capacity;
(NAP). • Facilitating integration of adaptation into relevant new and existing policies across all
relevant sectors;
Source: • Knowledge sharing; and
GCF in Brief: Adaptation
• Monitoring of adaptation benefits.
Planning. Green Climate
Fund, 2018. Accessed 15
February 2018. GCF Readiness Programme assists developing countries by providing a one-time allocation
Mongolia’s engagement with of up to USD 3 million for the formulation of National Adaptation Plans (NAPs) and/or other
the Green Climate Fund. adaptation planning processes. This support provides a potentially catalytic opportunity for
Presentation by Diane countries to strengthen their planning and investment strategies for integrating adaptation
McFadzien, Mongolia NDC actions into new and existing policies, programs, and activities, with the aim to increase
Forum, 03 Oct 2017, resilience to climate change.
Ulaanbaatar.
2.8. Briefly describe the National level:
degree to which the - The majority of development and climate policies and programs cover the
contents of the NDC are periods up to 2016 and 2020. From 2016, Mongolia will elaborate relevant policy
integrated in the documents for consultation at the national level for its development and climate
government’s primary policies, for the period 2021-2030.
documents and plans (i.e., - Mongolia’s Green Development Policy, GDP is a development model whose aim
mainstreamed) at the: is for the country to evolve and sustain the well-being of its people by ensuring
• National Level (i.e. environmentally-friendly, inclusive economic growth. Mongolian NDCs take its
through national roots from the GDP whereby the latter’s strategic objectives are linked to the
former.
development plan);
- Strategies mentioned within the NDC are well aligned with the country’s
• Sectoral Level (i.e. national development strategies.
through sector strategic
plans); and Sectoral level:
• Sub-national Level (i.e. Mongolia’s Sustainable Development Vision 2030 (SDV 2030) was created to meet the
through district objectives of sustainable economic development, including development of agriculture,
development plans). industry, energy, and infrastructure sectors. In its NDCs, Mongolia outlined a series of
Source: policies and measures in line with the same sectors.
Green Development Policy
(Mongolia). Grantham
Research Institute on Climate
Change and the Environment.
London School of Economics
and Political Science, 2014.
Accessed 04 February 2018.
Law of Mongolia on
Development Policy Planning,
2015. Accessed 04 February
2018.
2.9. Describe the Energy is one of the important aspects of Mongolian economy which makes the energy
relationship between the policy inseparable from the overall national development strategy. Among others,
contents of the NDC and Mongolia’s NDC, GDP, and SDV 2030 highlight the importance of the energy sector (ensure
NDC Rapid Situational Assessment (RSA) page 7national sectoral plans. sustainable energy supply to meet the country’s demand, increase energy efficiency, etc.).
Promotion, development, and use of renewable energy sources such as hydro, solar and
* Indicate to what extent wind power are also mentioned within the NDC and is directly aligned with Mongolia’s
is the NDC reflects SDV 2030.
sectoral plans and to what
degree does it show The agriculture sector crosscuts between the NDCs, GDP, and SDV 2030. In its NDC, the
ambition? Are there any country commits to maintain a livestock population at ‘appropriate’ levels according to
initiatives within sectoral pasture carrying capacity, and commits to developing a comprehensive plan for emission
plans that are not tagged reductions in the livestock sub-sector. One of the GDP’s strategic objective is to increase
as NDC-specific but should processing of agricultural raw materials through the promotion of sustainable agriculture
be? development. One of the SDV 2030’s objectives is to increase productivity, preserve the
gene pool and resilience of pastoral livestock breeding vis-à-vis climate change and
develop the livestock sector to be competitive in international markets, among others.
The waste sector is another area where one sees the alignment of the country’s NDC, GDP,
and SDV 2030. As an additional mitigation action, the NDCs plan to develop a waste
management plan. As per the GDP, waste management and reduction to zero waste have
to be taken into consideration to develop and implement a population settlement plan.
Finally, one of the objectives of the SDV 2030 is to improve the planning of cities and
urban settlements, including improving the quality of environment and waste
management systems.
2.10. Briefly explain if The NDCs have been developed, with the concept of sustainable development, whilst
there has been any there is no ‘direct’ reference to the Sustainable Development Goals.
attempt to link NDCs with
SDGs. If so, explain the The NDCs originated from the Green Development Policy of Mongolia, an overarching and
process in place. comprehensive approach to deliver low carbon economic growth, considering sustainable
development. This strategy mainstreams mitigation and adaptation to reduce social and
environmental vulnerability.
Adaptation targets have been identified in the NDCs, whereby the government highlighted
that implementing these actions will support sustainable development and improve
Mongolia’s resilience to climate change.
2.11. Explain the country’s - Five Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions (NAMAs) have been created under the
progress against UNFCCC:
commitments to date. National Energy Efficient Lighting Program in Mongolia;
Transforming construction in Mongolia using Supplementary Cementitious Materials;
NOTE: ‘Commitments’ NAMA in the construction sector (project is implemented by UNDP Mongolia);
refers to all NAMA for Grassland and Livestock Management in Mongolia;
programs/projects/policie NAMA Urban Passenger Transport Ulaanbaatar.
s that come under climate
action, thus broader than - The Green Climate Fund has completed the initial tranche of a USD 20 million financing
just NDCs by themselves. package to XacBank LLC, a leading lender in Mongolia.
This section should
highlight - Efforts to establish Green Credit Fund for promoting climate finance.
developments/progress
against all items
mentioned in Q2.6.
* Identify a minimum of 3
activities or outputs that are
worthy of communicating
externally.
3. Priority Problems and Needs
3.1. Briefly list the country’s Adaptation Mitigation
core problems that must be
addressed in order to Mongolia is the world’s second-largest landlocked country with mountains covering the
achieve its NDCs. Please northern and western regions, and the Gobi Desert in the south. Its main economic
identify the top 3 in each growth has been dependent on the mining and agricultural sectors. The energy sector
category (adaptation and strong influences social and economic viability of the country and the mining industry
NDC Rapid Situational Assessment (RSA) page 8mitigation). accounts for 17% of the GDP and 83% export value (2014).
Key sources:
Mongolia has specific barriers for the implementation of adaptation and mitigation
Mongolia’s Submission on the measures such as financial and technical resources, human and institutional capacity, and
Biennial Update Report (BUR), public support.
August 2017. • The biggest problems facing the electricity and heat production sectors are the use of
obsolete techniques and technologies, low coal quality and insufficient funds.
Foreign Direct Investment, Net • The implementation of mitigation measures requires a high level of technical
Outflows (% of GDP), World
capacity and effective coordination across different sectoral agencies.
Bank, Accessed 01 Feb 2018.
• A lack of appropriate technologies and know-how: most of the technologies applied
in Mongolia’s energy sector are out of date and have low efficiency. The heat
content of the feedstock coal is low and variable, which leads to combustion
problems and poor plant performance.
• Lack of support by financial institutions for renewable energy investments
(particularly hydropower plants); lack of domestic technological and technical
resources for clean fuel production; and carbon capture and storage (CCS) plant.
• Reporting of National Communications including GHG inventory and BUR is
supported by GEF enabling activities through UN Environment. The country has
been experiencing a downward trend of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) as a
percentage of GDP in the last several years, with a steep decline from 2014. Given
that most of its NDCs are conditional on international support, Mongolia is finding
ways to attract this outside investment and support for its NDC implementation to
satisfy both its climate and development ambitions.
3.2. Explain the overall General Sector-specific
scope of the problems --
both cross-cutting/general 2nd
In its National Communications, whilst Energy
and sector-specific. coal remains a major source of energy • Electricity and heat production
production, the country would like to sectors use obsolete techniques and
Sources: introduce and implement the following technologies, have low coal quality,
Mongolia’s Submission to the technologies: and insufficient funds.
UNFCCC on the Biennial • Clean coal and clean fuel production; • Most technologies are out of date
Update Report (BUR), August • Establishment of a power plant with and have low efficiency and high
2017. integrated coal gasification combined energy losses.
cycle; and • Heat content of the feedstock coal is
Ministry of Environment and • Establishment of a carbon capture and low and variable, leading to
Tourism; Environment and storage (CCS) plant. combustion problems and poor plant
Climate Fund
performance.
Second National
The measures above have very high upfront • Lack of support by financial
Communications, Mongolia. investment and recurring operations costs. institutions for renewable energy
2010. Accessed 04 February Costs related to technology and investments (particularly hydropower
2018. infrastructure are major constraints to its plants).
successful implementation. • Lack of domestic technological and
technical resources for clean fuel
The implementation of mitigation measures production and carbon capture and
requires a high level of technical capacity storage (CCS) plant.
and effective coordination across various
sectoral agencies. Inter-governmental process
As Mongolia seeks international support for • Except for in-kind contribution, there
its NDC implementation, it will face several is no substantial government
challenges with regards to its fiscal financing available for reporting on
capacity. National Communications, including
GHG inventory and the BUR.
3.3. Briefly list the main • Mongolia seeks international funding, Mitigation:
challenges the country capacity building, and technology • Lack of funding, capacity building and
currently faces in tackling support to complement its domestic technology support to complement
those problems and resource allocations and efforts (e.g., its domestic resource allocations and
achieving its NDCs. Please renewable energy, energy efficiency, efforts in renewable energy, energy
limit it to 3 per category and reducing building heat loss). efficiency and industry (reducing
(general and sector- building heat loss) sectors.
specific). • Mongolia is interested in opportunities
to access international climate funds Adaptation:
NDC Rapid Situational Assessment (RSA) page 9Sources: namely the Green Climate Fund and • A lack of funding, financial incentives
Intended Nationally participate in crediting mechanisms to and investments.
Determined Contributions implement these measures. • Challenges to introduce advanced
Submission by the new technologies and equipment
Government of Mongolia to • Mongolia’s GDP has been increasing in due to lack of domestic production.
the Ad Hoc Working Group recent years, with growth expected to • Weak management of disaster risks
on the Durban Platform for continue through to 2020, which is a at local level, weak and inadequate
Enhanced Action, 2016. positive sign. However, the IMF early warning systems for prevention
predicts that its current account of droughts and severe winters, a
GDP, Total Investment, balance will become more negative lack of an enabling legal
Current Account Balance. approaching 2022. This will present a environment.
Mongolia World Economic challenge for Mongolia’s fiscal capacity • Weak coordination and integration
Outlook. International to implement its NDC as it becomes among various sectors.
Monetary Fund, 2018. increasingly indebted to international • Insufficient human resources
Accessed 01 Feb2018. lenders. Furthermore, as the IMF capacity and a lack of technical
projects that investments (broadly training on climate change and
Total Investment. Mongolia speaking, not itemized – part of this limited engagement of academic
World Economic Outlook. investment predicted may include institutions.
International Monetary NDC-related actions) will take up a • Weak monitoring and evaluation
Fund, 2018. Accessed 01 larger portion of the country’s GDP, it system for sectors, climate events
Feb 2018. also indicates that NDC and programs.
implementation in Mongolia will have
to compete with other needs.
3.4. Highlight the five main 1. Policy, Strategy and Legal Framework
areas of support needed for • NDC prioritization exercise
national NDC-related • NDC gap analysis
processes. • NDC implementation road maps/timelines
• Alignment of NDCs with SDGs
• Long term climate strategies and vision
• NDC mainstreaming at the national and/or subnational level
• NDC revision
• Legal framework
• Policy analysis/support (cost-benefit analysis; vulnerability assessments)
• Status of fiscal policy/market readiness
• Governance and coordination mechanisms
2. Budgeting and Investment Framework
• Fiscal and macro-economic projections
• Costing commitments and implementation pathways of NDCs
• MTEF, Public Investment Programming (PIP), Investment plans (needs vs.
availability of resources)
• Developing pipelines of bankable projects
• Climate change fund establishment
• Raising/combining climate finance
• Blending/delivering climate finance
• Private sector investments mobilization
• Up-scaling business solutions
• Partnering with cornerstone investors
3. Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) Framework and MRV system
• Data gap analysis
• M&E Frameworks/Results Chains
• Setting indicators and targets
• Data collection and management
• Measurement, Reporting and Verification (MRV) of emissions
• MRV of mitigation actions
• MRV of financial and technical support
NDC Rapid Situational Assessment (RSA) page 104. Capacity Building and Lessons Learning
• Training needs in any of the above areas/sections
• Feasibility studies (social, technical, economic)
• Human capacity increase
• Tools/guidelines
• South-South learning
• Knowledge sharing
• Communications
5. Cross-cutting / Others
• Climate related loss and damage analysis,
• Integration of climate change actions into sectoral and local development
policies and plans
3.5. Describe in more detail The following potential priority areas have been identified by the Support Unit of the
the specific needs identified NDC Partnership:
above (in 3.4), highlighting 1. Cost calculation of NDCs, including disaggregation of costs into contributions by
any major capacity gaps sectors;
and other critical issues vis-
2. Development of sectoral (energy, water, forestry) NDC compatible investment
à-vis NDC implementation.
plans;
3. Coordination support based on NDC Partnership Plan which will include
country`s priority areas requiring support from NDC Partnership and existing
support from development partners. The Partnership Plan shall facilitate the
identification of gaps and guide support mobilization within and beyond the
NDC Partnership;
4. Strengthening of the Environment and Climate Fund (ECF) in its role as the
National Designated Authority of the GCF.
Any interventions in the framework of NDC Partnership country engagement shall
promote and link efforts toward achieving the SDV 2030 of the country. For this,
involvement of the Ministry of Finance, as well as the National Development Agency,
would be crucial.
Mongolia also highlighted its immediate financial needs in the Biennial Update Report
that was submitted to the UNFCCC in August 2017:
• Transforming construction in Mongolia using supplementary cementitious
materials 15 million USD
• Improved insulation of 300 existing panel apartment buildings in Ulaanbaatar
90 million USD
• Installation of 675 MW capacity large hydropower facilities 1,350 million USD
• National Energy Efficient Lighting Program in Mongolia 7 million USD
• Installation of 145 MW solar PV power facilities 573 million USD
• Improved efficiency of coal-fired power plants 900 million USD
• Installation of 354 MW wind power facilities 584 million USD
3.6. Specify the sectors in • Mongolia is very interested in matchmaking the country’s identified needs vs available
which the government will support for NDC implementation.
need specific planning and • Energy sector has a high potential for GHG mitigation. The challenge lies in the lack of
implementation assistance. capacities and investments. Capacity building measures are highly desired in energy
sector (i.e. Energy Coordinating Committee).
• Forestry sector is one of the important sectors both for mitigation and adaptation.
Mongolia hopes to benefit from the REDD+ financial mechanism. GIZ has supported
Mongolia in conducting a forest inventory with consideration of carbon potential.
• Combating with land degradation and desertification and improving grassland
management is an important priority in the government.
NDC Rapid Situational Assessment (RSA) page 114. Stakeholder Response
4.1. Describe the key a) Ministry of Environment and Tourism; Ministry of Finance; Environment and
stakeholders that have a Climate Fund, National Development Agency, Ministry of Energy; Ministry of
critical interest/role in NDC Construction and Urban Development; Ministry of Road and Transport
implementation: Development; Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Light Industry; Ministry of
(a) key government Mining and Heavy Industry, Ministry of Health, National Emergency Management
counterparts; Agency; Ministry of Health;
b) Environment Agency of Ulaanbaatar;
(b) other relevant c) XacBank LLC, National Implementing Entity of the Green Climate Fund,
government agencies; Mongolian Bankers` Association, Green Credit Fund;
(c) private sector groups; d) EPCRC, GERES Mongolia, WWF;
e) Development banks such as (ADB, EBRD, KfW, WBG);
(d) civil society groups;
f) UN, specialized agencies and international development organizations (GGGI,
(e) other development GIZ, JICA, SDC, FAO, UN Environment, UNDP);
organizations.
• ADB will provide Capacity Building for Addressing Climate Change Impacts (TA
planned) as well as support in Upscaling Renewable Energy Sector and
***Based on consultations and Ulaanbaatar Green Affordable Housing and Resilient Urban Renewal Project
discussions with partners. Planned
(AHURP).
activities are highlighted in the
letter sent by NDCP to GoM, dated • The European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) is interested
11 Jan 2018. in providing technical assistance to the Ministry of Finance in developing and
implementing climate finance tracking and results monitoring tools and
strengthening their capacity.
• GGGI is providing support on green finance (Mongolian Green Finance
Corporation / MGFC) and on setting up a national MRV System and sector
specific MRV guidelines and MRV (TBD).
• FAO/GEF is supporting on “Strengthening Capacity in the Agriculture and Land-
use Sectors in Mongolia for Enhanced Transparency in Implementation and
Monitoring of Mongolia’s Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) under the
Paris Agreement” and FAO/UN Environment is implementing a UN-REDD
Mongolia national program.
• The German Government, through the GIZ “Capacity Development for climate
policy in the countries of South East, Eastern Europe, the South Caucasus and
Central Asia” Phase III, will advise and support the Mongolian government until
early 2021 in their efforts to operationalize and implement the NDC: updating
the existing NDC; revising the NDC to include long-term targets based on
decarbonization pathways and considering co-benefits and costs; and, the
institutionalization and strengthening of capacities for effective coordination of
the NDC revision and implementation. It is also providing support to the
Mongolian government for the establishment of a transparency framework and
MRV system.
• The Global Green Growth Institute (GGGI) will support, subject to approval,
piloting a project on sub-national MRV with the City of Ulaanbaatar, with a view
to expanding it at the national level.
• The United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) provides support to the
establishment of a cross-sectoral mechanism on coordinating sustainable
development, climate change and disaster risk reduction activities: developing
MRV systems in the forestry and construction sectors; economic reviews and
cost-benefit analyses, as well as financial needs assessments, for a number of
adaptation and mitigation measures. UNDP is implementing a project on
“Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions in the Construction Sector in
Mongolia” 06/2016-12/2019.
• The World Bank is interested in working with the GoMOn Capacity Building on
city finance, resilience, and climate services and on DRM and City Resilience
project.
4.2. Briefly explain current The Ministry of Environment and Tourism is developing a proposal for a NDC
Development Partner Coordination Platform, which will potentially include national and international
coordination mechanisms for governmental and non-governmental stakeholders.
climate change; and identify
key development partners
active in this area.
NDC Rapid Situational Assessment (RSA) page 124.3. List the major NDC-related - ADB: Strategic planning for peatlands
projects/programs/investments
of development partners. - Climate Investment Funds through Scaling-up Renewable Energy
Programme (SREP) Investment Plan for Mongolia
- FAO: Supporting Community-based Forest Management
- FO/GEF: Strengthening capacity in the agricultural and land-use sectors for
enhanced transparency in implementation and monitoring of Mongolia’s
Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC)
- GCF Readiness Support
- GCF: Renewable Energy Program #1 - Solar
- GCF: Business loan programme for GHG emissions reduction
- GEF: The Third National Communication, TNC, Biennial Update Report, BUR
- GGGI: Transition to Green Development and Water-Green Growth Nexus
- GIZ, through: Capacity Development for climate policy in the countries of
South East, Eastern Europe, the South Caucasus and Central Asia, Phase III,
Biodiversity and adaptation of key forest ecosystems to climate change II
- GIZ and Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation: Efficiency of grid-
based energy supply schemes
- Green Economy Coalition (GEC)
- UNDP: NAMA in construction sector
- UNDP: Biodiversity Finance Initiative (BioFIN)
- UNDP-UNEP Global Support Programme: Capacity building for NAP process
(planned)
- KfW: Biodiversity and Climate Change with a focus on Protected Areas
Management
- Japan: Joint Crediting Mechanism (JCM)
- Japan: Project for Capacity Development to establish a National GHG
Inventory Cycle of Continuous Improvement
4.4. Briefly highlight key private XacBank LLC is a national private sector entity in Mongolia. The entity serves clients
sector and CSOs engaged in from individuals and micro-, small- and medium-sized enterprises to Mongolia’s
NDC implementation. largest corporations with a full spectrum of inclusive banking, fair investment, and
other financial products and services. The entity strives to be a dynamic leader in the
Sources: Mongolian financial sector, setting the highest standards in corporate governance and
XacBank, Green Climate Fund, social and environmental responsibility, while returning fair value to its shareholders.
2016. Accessed 04 February 2018.
In 2014, the Mongolian Bankers` Association (MBA) launched the Sustainable Finance
Mongolian Sustainable Finance
Principle and Sector Guidelines, Principle and Sector Guidelines, a voluntary framework helping local banks integrate
Dutch Development Bank, FMO, environmental and social considerations into lending decisions and product design,
2014. Accessed 04 February 2018. and promoting sustainable development in the country. The guidelines cover four key
industries: mining, agriculture, construction, and manufacturing. By implementing
Green Climate Fund Approves these practices, banks will reduce the risk of loan defaults and identify new business
Readiness Funding for the opportunities, such as in renewable energy and clean technologies.
Mongolian Green Credit Fund.
Mongolian Bankers Association,
In 2017, the MBA, together with the Government of Mongolia, received readiness
2017. Accessed 04 February 2018.
funding from the Green Climate Fund, GCF to establish the Mongolia Green Credit
NDC Rapid Situational Assessment (RSA) page 13Fund, MGCF, a national financing vehicle bringing long-term finance to projects and
programs that stimulate green growth. The readiness funding will be used to prepare
projects/programs investment within the energy, housing, waste management and
sanitation sectors.
4.5. Specify any common aims OUTCOME 1: Improved operational policy and institutional framework established for
and shared/similar outputs effective governance of climate change in Mongolia;
among the key stakeholders
(identified in 3.2 and 3.3). OUTCOME 2: Increased access to climate finance;
OUTCOME 3: Improved transparency of monitoring and reporting on climate actions;
OUTCOME 4: Strengthened capacity of government, non-government, and private
sector at national and local levels to effectively implement NDCs and link it to relevant
development plans and strategies.
4.6. Describe any opportunities Mainstreaming of NDC in the mid-term national planning process led by the NDA.
for further engagement.
4.7. List any projects/programs All NAMA’s under the UNFCCC are still under development and currently seeking
ready for investment. funding according to NAMA Database.
* For each, indicate whether any
pipeline opportunities have
emerged yet.
4.8. Describe what Consultations during the NDC Partnership Forum (3-4 October 2017).
consultations have been
undertaken so far. As a Bilateral meetings with national and international stakeholders during the scoping
minimum, this should include mission in Ulaanbaatar (2-6 October 2017).
consultations with partner
governments, NDC Partners Bilateral and debriefing meetings held back to back to the Partnership Plan Workshop
and others who will have a role held on February 28th, 2018.
in the delivery phase.
4.9. State if additional To further complete the RSA, consultations with the Government of Mongolia and
consultation is necessary. If so, stakeholders are necessary.
specify with whom and when. Once the Partnership Plan is drafted, consultations with various stakeholders are
needed to confirm that needs and services are elaborated, understood and agreed
upon, in order to proceed with implementation.
A consultation between GoM, implementing partners, GCF and private sector
stakeholders may be needed, to support the country with its climate-finance and
investment needs.
10
5. Framework for the Partnership
5.1. Specify the country’s main objectives 1. Gain technical assistance to establish a cross-sectoral Technical
vis-à-vis NDC implementation, taking into Working Group, which will function as a facilitating, coordinating unit
account the needs, gaps and opportunities of the NDC implementation, and to conduct policy and project
discussed in the above sections. prioritization based on the alignment with the SDV 2030, Green
Development Policy, NAPCC, and SDGs. This includes technical support
to the Ministry of Environment and Tourism in:
- Developing climate relevant indicators for the national and
sectoral/ regional development policy assessment, in order to
improve evaluation and better integrate the climate policies into
state policies and midterm development plans;
- Developing coordination mechanism, including software
platform, for NDC implementation;
- Building capacities to develop sector specific NDC
Implementation Roadmaps and investment plans by integrating
with SDVs and the economic strategy;
10 This will be fleshed out in more detail within the Partnership Plan , which is informed by the RSA.
NDC Rapid Situational Assessment (RSA) page 14- Developing MRV system at national level.
2. Conduct a mapping exercise on key stakeholders and their roles.
3. Conduct the financial needs assessment based on prioritized sectoral
adaptation and mitigation actions/ measures.
4. Conduct an economic cost-benefit analysis for the key mitigation and
adaptation measures across all sectors, as well as build capacities of
national staffs in conducting such assessments.
5. Technical assistance to the Ministry of Finance in developing and
implementing climate finance tracking and monitoring tools.
6. Support the Environment and Climate Fund capacity in the GCF
Accreditation process.
7. Build capacity of national level staff in Climate Change and
International Cooperation Department of the Ministry of Environment
and Tourism, as well as at the local level, to develop bankable projects
and monitoring and evaluating tools.
5.2. Specify the country’s desired Please see draft outcomes and objectives distributed by the MET in
results/outputs vis-à-vis the NDC February 2018.
Partnership in the next three years.
5.3 Summarize the government’s specific Please see document – Letter from the MET to NDC Partnership dated 28
requests communicated to the NDC November 2017 regarding request support on coordination and
Partnership Support Unit (SU), if any. implementation of the NDCs.
5.4. Indicate the estimated timing for The Partnership Plan is expected to be finalized by September 2018;
development of the NDC Partnership Plan currently it is undergoing consultation with partners. A consultation on
(the next step in the partnership process). the online coordination platform with stakeholders/users will take place
early July.
Updates on progress implementation are scheduled every six months.
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