SH RESULTING INFRASTRUCTURE THROUGH SAFEGUARDING AMENITY
←
→
Page content transcription
If your browser does not render page correctly, please read the page content below
SH I F T I N G S A N D S
A RESULTING INFRASTRUCTURE THROUGH SAFEGUARDING AMENITY
N I G E L W Y N N E
SHIFTING SANDS
a resulting infrastructure through safeguarding amenity
The thesis research and investigation is a study of Dublin Bay, its threshold between land and sea, understanding the interaction between its built and natural environment and the challenges and
qualities presented by this coastal landscape. Learning from its past, understanding its current context and looking to its future needs. Dublin bay and its edge condition is in constant flux, this comes
in various forms and time lines, from the consistent ebb and flow of daily tides, to the gradual growth over years of Dublin port through reclaimed land. It provides for both economical and
recreational aspects of the city with its ecological value paramount as a UNESCO biosphere. Its coastal heritage tells us a lot about our city and how it has shaped it. Building on this continuity raises
the question:
‘How can we work in symbiosis with nature and our built environment to safeguard our amenity and mitigate rising sea levels?’
Thesis research looked at the built environment and the coastal landscape of Dublin bay. The connections between and along its coastal edge, to understand its relationship to its context.
Investigations into how the intervention of infrastructure such as the North Bull wall or the Booterstown coastal rail line provided for an infrastructural function, yet through their interaction with
nature, ecologies were created that have shown the potential for a symbiosis between manmade and nature. Infrastructure traditionally was influenced from anthropogenic values, heavily
engineered solutions that meet the needs of its function but not the environment. Today our value system is changing, aware of the damaging effects of our anthropogenic past, we have to find
ways to build in a symbiosis with our environment. Analysing hard and soft sea mitigation systems provided for knowledge of the potential solutions that could be applied to Dublin’s coastal edge
condition. These were tested to understand the site context in respect to its unique topology, requirements and what would be appropriate.
The nature of the investigation as part of a larger urban landscape brought to light the ability to understand the scale of the city, its connections and its impact from the macro to the micro.
The thesis project focused on implementing the research and investigation in regards to testing a symbiotic solution within a site context. In parallel, this site context would be considered as a part of
a larger urban strategy and its relationship within the city. Proposing to create connections and moments in a sequence of spaces that as Dublin grows and densifies, it will increasingly depend on
such places that are accessible to all, well-connected by transport and rich with amenities. Proposing a ‘coastal blueway’, a necklace of public spaces along the water’s edge, forming an infrastructure
and recreational edge condition to preserve amenity and mitigate rising sea levels with each intervention responding to its unique context. These ‘blue space interventions’ could become a new
way of understanding the city, bringing previously unconnected places together. In total nine interventions are proposed as part of a sequence of spaces along the north edge of the coastal blueway.
To test the thesis research at a detail level, the context of Bull island was chosen in its site potential. The title ‘shifting sands’ comes from the study of Bull Island and its formation through the
initial manmade intervention of North bull wall in 1824.
A piece of marine infrastructure to help prevent silting within the shipping channel to Dublin port. The sea wall combined through the natural process of sediment movement called littoral drift,
which is caused by the prevailing currents and winds of Dublin Bay, formed Bull island gradually over 200 years, resulting in this UNESCO nature reserve island we see today. Further to the
accumulation of the research and site investigation, the thesis project proposes a tidal sea wall to bridge the northeast tip of Bull island across Sutton creek to Howth head. In conjunction with this
sea wall is a lightweight timber structure proposed along Dollymount strand to facilitate the initial stages of dune building, in addition to marram grass that at the latter stages, structurally knits the
dunes together. Creating a predominantly soft infrastructure, ‘working with nature’ to create a barrier island and safeguarding its amenity value.
Experiential qualities of the coastal environment investigated in volume one would be tested at the human scale, in the spatial interpretation of public baths as an embedded section of the sea
wall. Testing how experiential qualities of the surrounding coastal environment could be translated spatially, socially and through materiality, giving an atmospheric, primitive quality to evoke the
senses. Through the thesis research and investigation, the original first image ‘Palimpsest’ has come full circle, a reference to the layers of time and the visual clues left by it. In this case infrastructure
through its materiality that comes from the landscape and eventually over time it then becomes part of the landscape due to the natural wind and water movement of ‘shifting sands’.
01
SHIFTING SANDS
building with nature
Image opposite
SYMBIOSIS BETWEEN MANMADE & NATURE
Temporal Study, North Bull Wall & Island, Dublin Bay.
The combination of man made and natural process of littoral drift growing an
island ecology over 200 years.
1825
1975
1900
2020
02
SYMBIOSIS working with nature Image right SYMBIOSIS BETWEEN HUMANS & NATURE Study of coastal activity - Kitesurfing, Bull Island, Dublin Bay. Video stills layered to express movement & experience - N Wynne Image below SYMBIOSIS BETWEEN HUMANS & PLANET EARTH Global wind patterns Image credit: earth.nullschool.net. minor image edit: N Wynne 03
COLLINS CHART 1693 JEAN ROCQUE 1757
DUBLIN BAY
evolving threshold
Images left
TEMPORAL STUDY, DUBLIN BAY
300 years, an ever changing edge condition, N Wynne.
Images below
PALIMPSEST,
Threshold between land and sea, Photograph: N Wynne.
0 01 02 03 04 KM 0 01 02 03 04 KM
JOHN COWAB 1837 OSI - 2020
04 0 01 02 03 04 KM
0 01 02 03 04 KM
PLACE understanding by physical experience Image opposite, RESPONDING TO PLACE, Precedent study (volume one), Steilneset memorial in Vardø, Norway, Peter Zumthor with artist Louise Bourgeois Image below, UNDERSTANDING PLACE THROUGH PHYSICAL EXPERIENCE, Walkscapes, Francesco Careri. 05
CONNECTING blue spaces and well being Image opposite BATHING HUT, RINGSEND. (early nineteenth century) Artist: James A. O’Connor Image below THRESHOLD, MITIGATION & CONNECTION, Test study, Volume one, Existing site condition, Sandymount, Model, Card, Balsa & Ply, N Wynne 06
MITIGATION safeguarding amenity Image right BATTLE OF CLONTARF 2020, Temporary mitigation measures, Photo: N Wynne. Line drawing overlay, North Bull Wall, Wooden bridge, Survey drawing, N Wynne. Image below, FLOODING CLONTARF PROMENADE 2014 - North Bull Wall - Wooden Bridge - Mean High Tide / SE Winds - Clontarf. Photograph: Dara Mac Dónaill / The Irish Times 07
INFRASTRUCTURE
spectrum of mitigation
Images right
SPECTRUM OF COASTAL INFRASTRUCTURE. Hard to soft,
illustrations by others as listed below:
01. Boatstrand Harbour, section of pier, Source: OPW library, National
Archives of Ireland 01 02
02. Pier at Giles Quay, 47 th Annual Report from the Commissioners of Public
Works in Ireland, 1879, p63 (Courtesy of Proquest, House of Commons
Parliamentary Papers) Source: Researchgate.net
03. Kingstown harbour wall, (Dun Laoghaire) Source: OPW library, National
Archives of Ireland
04. Booterstown sluice gates, Source: DLRCC, Illustration by: Naomi Mc
Bride
05. Roman marine concrete, casting process, Vitruvius, De Architectura, (c.
25 BCE)
06. Half tide sea wall, Source: Researchgate.net
07. Sand fencing, Dune building and stabilization with vegetation (1910) Image
credit: William Walton
08. Marram grass, Source: Countryside Commission, UK.
03 04 05
Image below
SAND MOTOR, Netherlands, A dynamic solution, (2018) Nature based floor
defense. Image: Joop van Houdt
06 07 08
08
BULL WALL & ISLAND N
precedent - symbiosis
Understanding the acting forces of nature
Building with nature scale 1 - 25000
Bull island was formed by hydrology, a combination 04
of a man made intervention of the north bull wall
and the natural process of littoral drift. Prevailing Winds
Littoral drift is the process of sediment movement
carried by prevailing currents and deposited on a
sandbank or shoreline 03
Prevailing currents are influenced by the prevailing
winds which in the case of dublin bay is south
westerly. Prevailing winds are also critical to dune
formation.
Littoral drift has been growing bull island by 1-2
meters per year, prevailing winds in conjunction with
marram grass has achieved dunes on bull island
ranging from 2 - 9 meters.
02
Bull island evolution
01. 1825 (North Bull Wall)
02. 1900
03. 1975
04. 2020
01
Background aerial image source: OSI aerial map, 2005 0 2012.
09 PREVAILING CURRENTSBOOTERSTOWN MARSH precedent - symbiosis Images left BOOTERSTOWN MARSH ECOLOGY, Dún Laoghaire-Rathdown County Council, Publication: Biodiversity of Booterstown Marsh and Beach, Illustrations by Naomi Mc Bride Image below INFRASTRUCTURE, SYMBIOSIS BETWEEN MANMADE & NATURE, Dublin and Kingstown Railway, From Blackrock, looking across Dublin Bay towards WIlliamstown & Merrion. Dublin in the distance. Artist John Harris 10
MATERIALITY
post anthropogenic
Image left
LIVING SEA WALL, North Bull wall bathing shelter, Photo: N Wynne,
Illustration overlay showing ecology that inhabits wall, Illustration credit: An
Foras Forbartha, A study of Bull Island, 1977
Image below
NEUTRAL, Re thinking specification, original image: Towards a New
Architecture. Dover Publications
L
NEUTRA
barnacle anemone rough winkle sea slater limpet mussel dog whelk
Post Anthropogenic thoughts
Revised edition 2020
11BETWEEN LAND & SEA experiential Image above THRESHOLD Interaction between land, sea and humans, Belmullet Tidal Pool, Mayo. Photo: Anthony Haughey Image below THRESHOLD, BETWEEN LAND AND SEA, Site Plan & elevation, Leca swimming pools, Alvaro Siza. Image credit: Alvaro Siza architects 12
THINKING BY DRAWING starting point - methodology Image right THINKING BY DRAWING, Site investigation, N Wynne Image below DRAWING THE INVISIBLE, Windmill Topography, James Corner 13
DRAWING THE INVISIBLE informing process, precedent studies Image right MOVEMENT PRECEDENT, ‘Robert Littman Floating in my Pool’ (1982) David Hockney . Image below MARIE THARP OCEAN CARTOGRAPHY, Image source: Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory and the estate of Marie Tharp. Image bottom FORCES & MOVEMENT, Hand sketch, Louis Kahn 14
WHAT LIES BENEATH littoral drift deposition IImage right INVISIBLE FORCES, Sediment deposition study, North Bull Wall, N Wynne Image below DUBLIN BAY, Landscape below study, N Wynne, Aerial image source: OSI aerial map, 2005 0 2012. 15
THESIS ARTICULATION
discussion one
Image left
THESIS ARTICULATION PRESENTATION,1.2 X 1.2 m, Testing the waters,
N Wynne,
Image above
RE USE, Dredge spoil, Dublin port. Diagram study: N Wynne (Vol 01)
?
Image 03 - Dublin Port - dredging map - n wynne
maintenance dredging area
disposal site 0 1 2 3 4KM
16URBAN STRATEGY
edge condition survey
analysis of site sections & tidal data
Predicted storm surge flooding risk with current infrastructure defence (within the next 80 years)
+3.63 LAT
Sutton 2 Sandycove - cycleway & promenade
+ Key cultural, landmark & recreational facilities along coastal edge
17NORTH BULL WALL & ISLAND
site investigation
7.5 M STORM SURGE
6.5 M HIGHEST ASTRONOMICAL TIDE
6.1 M MEAN HIGH WATER SPRING TIDE (2100)
5.5 M STORM SURGE
5.4 M MEAN HIGH WATER NEAP TIDE
4.5 M HIGHEST ASTRONOMICAL TIDE 4.4 M MEAN SEA LEVEL
4.1 M MEAN HIGH WATER SPRING TIDE
3.5 M MEAN LOW WATER NEAP TIDE
3.4 M MEAN HIGH WATER NEAP TIDE
2.7 M MEAN LOW WATER SPRING TIDE
2.4 M MEAN SEA LEVEL
1.9 M LOWEST ASTRONOMICAL TIDE
1.5 M MEAN LOW WATER NEAP TIDE
0.7 M MEAN LOW WATER SPRING TIDE
- 0.1 M LOWEST ASTRONOMICAL TIDE
2020 SEA LEVELS - REF: DUBLIN PORT COMPANY TIDES 2020 2100 SEA LEVELS - REF: IPCC PREDICTIONS
+ DUBLIN PORT COMPANY TIDES 2020
(BASED ON 2 METER SEA LEVEL RISE)
07
Threshold Study - North Bull Wall - Scale 1:50 Dublin Bay - Edge condition studies - Scale 1:50
Grade 9 - Maintains shipping channels \/ Creates reclaimed land - Bull Island Nature Reserve \/ Recreational Val 04\/03\/20
18NORTH BULL WALL
site testing - adaption
sketch detail
showing water (run off & sea) drainage
continuing ecology habitat
barnacle anemone rough winkle sea slater limpet mussel dog whelk
spongebob approval
pending
19NORTH BULL WALL site testing - adaption 20
NORTH BULL WALL
site plan showing section studies, testing sea wall mitigation measures + brief programme
01 02 03 04 05 06
21NORTH BULL WALL
site sections, 1/200, testing sea wall mitigation measures + brief programme
pedestrian / cycleway addition vehicle access adapted to resolve vehicle access restriction to
links to s2s single lane access current wooden bridge
+1.0M
0.0M 0.0M
01 - proposed condition 01- existing condition
+1.0M
0.0M
02 - proposed condition 02 - existing condition
22NORTH BULL WALL
site sections, 1/200, testing sea wall mitigation measures + brief programme
03 - proposed condition 03- existing condition
cafe
04 - proposed condition 04 - existing condition
23NORTH BULL WALL
site sections, 1/200, testing sea wall mitigation measures + brief programme
rainwater collection to shower / changing facilities
freshwater or filtered seawater bath
possibility of using wind / tidal / solar power
05 - proposed condition 05 - existing condition
06 - proposed condition 06 - existing condition
24URBAN STRATEGY CITY
coastal blueway + Howth Harbour
+ Sutton Strand PLACE + Howth Martello Tower
Sutton
+
Cycle / Pedestrian
Bridge
+
Bird Watch Tower
+
Tidal Wall
Dune Makers
+
St Annes
PROGRAMME
+ Golf Club
Proposed Biosphere
Education center
Sutton Dingy Club
+
St Annes Park +
+
+
Martello Tower
Bull Island Nature Reserve
+
Walkway Bridge
+ + Dollymount Strand + Howth Head
Red Rock Beach Cliff Walk
+
+ +
Bailey Lighthouse
Fairview Park
+ + Clontarf Promenade Scouts
Bench
Clontarf Yacht Club
+
Den
Royal Dublin +Kitesurf launch point
+ Cycle / Pedestrian Port Bridge + + Golf Club
Wooden
Bridge + ROT
ECT
ION
ARE
A
ECIAL P
North Bull Wall + ISLA
N D SP
ULL
TH B
Oyster Farm
+ NOR
Bathing shelters
+ + Realt Na Mara
+Dublin Port Company
+ River Liffey / North Quays + Lighthouse Dredged Shipping Channel
+ St Patricks Rowing ClubPoolbeg Boat Club
+ Pigeon house
power station +
+Ringsend Park + Poolbeg Lighthouse
++ Halfmoon Swim club
ESB chimmneys
+ Poolbeg Beach
Sean Moore Park
+ + Irishtown Nature Reserve
Burford Bank - Dredge spoil site
10 million tonnes = Fill Croke Park x 11
+ Sandymount Strand
SOU
+Martello Tower Dublin Bay UNESCO Biosphere
TH D
UBLIN
Cycle / Walkway - Phase 1
+Merrion Baths (ruin)
BAY SP
Cycle / Walkway - Phase 2
EC
IAL A
+ Proposed social & built culture
REA
OF C
+ Existing social & built culture
ONSE
+ Booterstown Marsh & Nature Reserve
RVAT
IO
N
+ Blackrock Park
+Martello Tower + East Pier Lighthouse & Teddy’s Icecream
+ Blackrock Baths
+Martello Tower
+ Seapoint
Dun Laoghaire Harbour
National Maritime Museum + Dun Laoghaire
Baths
+ + + 40ftJames Joyce Tower & museum
Peoples park +
Sandycove + +Bullock Harbour
Potential flooding - Dublin Bay - 2060 by extreme water levels (tide-surge modelling) Source: Coastal vulnerability assessment of Co. Dublin and Co. Wicklow to impacts
of sea-level rise , Silvia Caloca, Department of Geography, NUI Maynooth, Aug 2018.
Sea level rises according to the EPA equate to a best case scenario of 55 - 60cm by 2100 with a possibility of up to 0.81 meters. Source: Environmental Protection Dublin Bay - Scale 1/25000
Agency, Richview, Co. Dublin, Ireland.
25SEQUENCE OF PLACES
DART & LUAS
coastal blueway, north
Liffey Quays North / Blood Stoney Bridge Dublin Port Company Cycle / Pedestrian Port Bridge Pumping station bike point
01 02 03 04
11
+
01 03 04 08
02 + + 05 06 + 09 10
+ + + +
+ +
16
+
07 12
+ +
13 15
+ +
14
+
DCC - Proposed Dublin Bay
Clontarf Yacht Club Clontarf / Wooden bridge Bathing Shelter / Realt Na Mara UNESCO Biosphere Discovery Centre
05 06 07 08
St Annes Park / Red Stables Sutton Cross Bridge / Birdwatch Point Sutton Cross - Tidal Wall & Bridge Martello Tower
09 10 11 12
Scenic Point Baily Lighthouse Howth Cliff Walk Howth Harbour
13 14 15 16
26CREATING A SOFT INFRASTRUCTURE
a barrier island that connects
Adaptions and interventions
01. New wooden Bridge +05
02. Community building and height
adaption of 1M to North Bull wall +04
03. Dune builder and walkway, facilitate
natural process of dune formation
04. Sutton point, missing link in coastal
blueway. Bridge & Tidal sea wall
05. Embedded bathhouse, a sensory
experience of coastal environment +01 +03
Image right
Sketch of Bull Island showing location of
adaptions & interventions +
02
Images below
Section proposals of adaptions &
interventions
01 02 03 04 05
27BULL ISLAND 09 13
12
building with nature 10 11
Creating a barrier island
Bull Island edge condition mitigation, adaptions 08 06
& intervention
07
09 New wooden bridge
10 Adaption to Bull wall
11 Dune Builders
12 Sutton point tidal sea wall 05
13 Sutton point bridge
Building with Nature
06 North Bull wall + 07 Hydrology (Littoral Drift) +
08 Winds + Marram Grass = Dune barrier
Urban Strategy
04
05 Coastal Blueway
Connecting the city with blue spaces 03
01
Site Context
02
03 Bull Island - A barrier island that connects
04 Flooding risk area - Rising sea levels / Storm surges
Barrier island protects 6 KM of existing edge inland of
island (yellow)
Forces of Nature
01 Prevailing winds
02 Prevailing currents
28CREATING A SOFT INFRASTRUCTURE temporal study
BULL ISLAND - 2025 BULL ISLAND - 2075 BULL ISLAND - 2125
A Modern Barrier Island - Temporal study
Mitigation through building with nature
Symbiosis between human made & nature
Sutton Sutton Sutton
Howth Howth Howth
Section C-C
Section A-A Section A-A Section A-A
Santry River Santry River
St Anne’s Park + St Anne’s Park + St Anne’s Park +
Bull Island Bull Island Bull Island
North Bull Lighthouse North Bull Lighthouse North Bull Lighthouse
Dredged shipping channel Dredged shipping channel Dredged shipping channel
Poolbeg Lighthouse Poolbeg Lighthouse Poolbeg Lighthouse
N N N
Prevailing Currents Prevailing Winds Prevailing Currents Prevailing Winds Prevailing Currents Prevailing Winds
Scale 1 / 20000 Scale 1 / 20000 Scale 1 / 20000
+ +
0.5 1.0
M M
Section A-A Section A-A Section A-A
29COASTAL BLUEWAY
the missing link
01 10
09
08
02
Sketch model 1/500 07
01. Existing cycleway ends due to private property boundary,
highlighting opportunity for new cycle & pedestrian connection
along coast to Howth head. 06
02. Sutton Creek channel, due to Venturi effect of a freshwater
inlet & tidal effects, prevents the north tip of Bull island reaching 04
Howth.
03. Northeast tip of Bull Island.
03 05
Programme
04. Birdwatchers Tower
05. Sutton point bridge access point to Bull Island
06. Tidal wall
07. Embedded Bathhouse
08. Connection to existing park
09. Beach
SCALE: 1 - 5000
10. Existing Residential
30SUTTON POINT
creating a barrier island that connects
01. Lightweight timber walkway, structure orientated to catch sand and begin
dune formations. As the process develops, dunes are held together structurally by
Marram grass with their deep root system of up two meters. Bull island dunes,
range from 2-4 meters on the south end and up 9 meters on the north end.
Dune height can be impacted by human traffic, the walkway is proposed to help
manage this impact. 03
02. Access to Sutton Tidal wall & bridge.
03. Tidal wall maintains natural process of water movement both sea and the
Santry river freshwater inlet within Sutton creek. Incorporated sluice gates can
mitigate against storm surges and utilize tidal energy.
02
01
01 02 03
Tidal sea wall plan showing location of axonometric sketches. NTS
31S U T T O N P O I N T
A RESULTING INFRASTRUCTURE THROUGH SAFEGUARDING AMENITY
32EMBEDDED BATHS
a sensory experience
Section A-A
Schedule of Accommodation
baths area in total 600 sq.m (internal)
1. Subterranean access ramp
2. Reception, office & storage
13 3. Gents changing & Wc
4. Ladies changing & Wc
5. Sauna
6. Steam Room Section B-B
7. Heated saltwater pool (using tidal
energy & filtered sea water), open to
elements above.
8. Service & Maintenance
9. Heated saltwater pool
10. Access stair to external tidal pools
11. External tidal pool - Adult
400sq.m & children 100sq.m
12. Sea swimming at high tide
13. Lifeguard tower
Section C-C
12 11
11
Section D-D
09 10 08 07 06 05 04 03
02 01
33MATERIALITY & PLACE section and part elevation SCALE 1- 100 Wall & roof construction 1. Roman concrete 600-1200mm 2. Thermal insulation 150mm 3. Vapour barrier 1mm 4. Roman concrete 200mm Floor construction 1. Roman concrete 200mm 2. Screed, underfloor heating 120mm 3. Polyethylene sheet 1mm 4. Thermal insulation 150mm 5. Roman concrete 600mm Image above Roman marine concrete, construction process Image: Christopher Brandon Image right Part section and elevation showing materiality Scale: 1/100 N Wynne 34
EMBEDDED BATHS a sensory experience Image below View from thermal pool, N Wynne Image right Sketch card model, photographed using natural light, overlayed with photoshop textures to achieve materiality. Model scale: 1/100 N Wynne 35
SHIFTING SANDS
working with nature
Image opposite
SYMBIOSIS BETWEEN MANMADE & NATURE
Temporal Study, North Bull Wall & Island, Dublin Bay.
The combination of man made and natural process of littoral drift growing an
island ecology over 200 years.
1825
1975
1900
2025
36SHIFTING SANDS miro presentation 37
You can also read
