Victoria and New South Wales - Supporting Efficient Commercial & Industrial Heat Pump Water Heating - Amazon AWS
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Victoria and New South Wales - Supporting Efficient Commercial & Industrial Heat Pump Water Heating 24 June 2021 OFFICIAL
Today’s session Today’s session will give a brief overview of the proposed C&I heat pump water heater activity and provide guidance on using the proposed TRNSYS template simulation files • Victoria and NSW state government departments • Supported by Alastair McDowell from Energy AE Housekeeping • During the presentation – Microphones off – Questions typed in chat • Discussion and questions after presentation • Submissions must be in writing – Engage Victoria https://engage.vic.gov.au/commercial-and-industrial-heat-pump-water-heating – NSW via email sustainability@environment.nsw.gov.au 2 OFFICIAL
Commercial & Industrial Heat Pump Water Heating Proposed new activity for the Victorian Energy Upgrades program and NSW Energy Savings Scheme • Activity developed in collaboration between Victorian Department of Environment, Land, Water and Planning and NSW Department of Planning, Industry and Environment • Energy efficient heat pump water heaters (HPWH) – Replace gas/electric resistance boiler – New installations • Eligible premises – commercial – industrial – common areas of multi-residential buildings • Some differences between jurisdictions – please see each consultation for details and for how to provide feedback • Consultations available at: – https://engage.vic.gov.au/commercial-and-industrial-heat-pump-water- heating – https://energy.nsw.gov.au/government-and-regulation/consultations/2020-21- energy-savings-scheme-rule-change 3 OFFICIAL
Industry consultation on Heat Pump Water Heating simulations and generic product registration process for the VEU and ESS Programs Alastair McDowell – Director, EnergyAE Fiona Parenti – Principal Consultant, EnergyAE 28/06/2021 Industry Consultation on HPWH Simulations 4
Background • Industrial and Commercial Air source heat pump water heaters (HPWH) have been identified as having potential to generate positive energy savings when replacing electric or gas water heaters or installed as new equipment. • New deemed activities in the VEU and ESS programs have been developed to support this technology through incentives. • Method is based on AS/NZS 4234: savings are calculated through TRNSYS simulation, modified for commercial & industrial (C&I) applications, new load profiles created. 28/06/2021 Industry Consultation on HPWH Simulations 5
Purpose of the Workshop 1. Provide background of the proposed ESS and VEU activities 2. Learn about TRNSYS modelling & the proposed product registration process 3. Ask questions and provide feedback on the proposed modelling and product registration approach 28/06/2021 Industry Consultation on HPWH Simulations 6
Presentation Overview 1. Review • Activity definitions • Guidelines • Documentation requirements 2. Model • Explanation of new TRNSYS templates • Variations to the method • How to set up simulations and output results 3. Apply • How to complete application form • Prepare modelling audit files • Submit the application 28/06/2021 Industry Consultation on HPWH Simulations 7
Overall Application Process Stage 1: Review rules & Collect Complete Review guidelines documentation specification sheet Stage 2: Select TRNSYS Populate TRNSYS Run TRNSYS Model template template simulations Stage 3: Populate Application Prepare files for Submit application Apply form with outputs modelling audit 28/06/2021 Industry Consultation on HPWH Simulations 8
Test Labs & Consultants As a first step you may want to consult a certifier, test lab and/or consultant to assist you in this process. The following test labs & consultants can assist with your submission: Consultants Test Labs • EnergyAE – Alastair McDowell – Alastair.mcdowell@energyae.com • VIPAC marcusk@vipac.com.au • Sunspin - Harry Suehrcke - sunspin@bigpond.net.au • ANTL r.unwin@antl.com.au • SET – Ken Guthrie - ken.guthrie@setransformation.com.au • Thermal Design - Graham Morrison - g.morrison@unsw.edu.au • UNSW • VIPAC Engineers & Scientists - Marcus Klein - marcusk@vipac.com.au • UniSA • Charles Darwin University • Process Systems Studios International labs can be used with • Piccolo appropriate accreditation i.e. ILAC, • Pitt & Sherry A2LA 28/06/2021 Industry Consultation on HPWH Simulations 9
Potential new ESS & VEU activities • New activities developed for the ESS Rule: • Activity F16: Replace a water heater with an air source heat pump water heater (HPWH) • Activity F17: Install a new HPWH • New Part 44 activities devloped for VEU Reg’s & Spec’s: • Scenario 44A:Decommissioning a gas product and installing a HPWH • Scenario 44B: Decommissioning an electric product and installing a HPWH • Scenario 44C: Installing a HPWH 28/06/2021 Industry Consultation on HPWH Simulations 10
Review New Activity Files • Documents included in this activity: • Commercial Industrial Air Source HPWH Product Application Guide_V1.0.docx o Information about how to participate in the activity • Commercial Industrial HPWH Specifications Sheet - V1.0.xls o Spreadsheet of model parameters • TRNSYS templates & weather files o Modelling files • Commercial Industrial HPWH Product Application Form - V1.0.xlsx o Spreadsheet to apply for the activity 28/06/2021 Industry Consultation on HPWH Simulations 11
Documentation Requirements Requirement Standard Documentation HP Performance AS/NZS 5125.1 or EN 14511 (performance map) Test report Tank Heat Loss (tanks ≤ 700L) AS/NZS 4692 or AS/NZS 4552 or AS/NZS 5263.1.2 Test report Tank heat loss (tanks > 700L) AS/NZS 4234 calculation method Test report Tank dimensions Must show dimensions, volumes above fittings/sensors Tank drawing System schematic Must show components, piping arrangement, control valves, Schematic diagram flow meters, sensor locations Pump Test report (if not included in AS/NZS 5125.1) measuring Test report power & flow rate Pipework Manufacturer declared length (minimums enforced) Technical data/specification sheets Pipe insulation manufacturer declared (defaults provided) for pipe insulation Control Description of algorithm for thermostat set points/dead- PDF document bands, legionella strategy Gas heaters AS/NZS 5263.1.2 or AS/NZS 4552 Test report Heat exchanger - Test report or Technical Specifications Sheet Accreditation 28/06/2021 certificate AS/NZS Industry2712 if storage Consultation on volume < 700L HPWH Simulations AS/NZS 2712 certificate 12
Q1: Documentation Requirements • Do you agree with the specific test requirements for tank heat loss and heat pump performance? • Do you agree with the requirements for other components such as pipework, water pumps, gas or electric boosters? • Consider whether you agree with the requirement in the rule for products with a storage volume less than 700L to be certified to AS/NZS 2712. Requirement Standard Documentation HP Performance AS/NZS 5125.1 or EN 14511 Test report Tank Heat Loss (tanks ≤ 700L) AS/NZS 4692 or AS/NZS 4552 or Test report AS/NZS 5263.1.2 Tank heat loss (tanks > 700L) AS/NZS 4234 calculation method, or Test report CER method 28/06/2021 Industry Consultation on HPWH Simulations 13
Specifications Sheet • Similar to CER Technical Details Sheet • Extra parameters added for Commercial HP performance map, HX, pre- heat/finishing tanks, gas/electric heaters 28/06/2021 Industry Consultation on HPWH Simulations 14
Overall Application Process Stage 1: Review rules & Collect Complete Review guidelines documentation specification sheet Stage 2: Select TRNSYS Populate TRNSYS Run TRNSYS Model template template simulations Stage 3: Populate Application Prepare files for Submit application Apply form with outputs audit 28/06/2021 Industry Consultation on HPWH Simulations 15
Overview of TRNSYS Calculation Methodology • TRNSYS 15 is used to perform an annual energy savings calculation. • The methodology consists of the following elements: • Include File: weather files, reference system, load profiles • System templates: various configurations of HP unit, tank, pump, pipe, HX… Include File Weather Files Reference System Load profiles System Templates Heat Pump Tank Pumps Pipe Heat Exchanger 28/06/2021 Industry Consultation on HPWH Simulations 16
Overview of TRNSYS Calculation Methodology • 6 TRNSYS templates are provided • Based on CER Domestic templates used for existing VEU HPWH activities • May be modified to suit the application • Variable load sizing is used to match the maximum load to the HPWH 28/06/2021 Industry Consultation on HPWH Simulations 17
Weather • Combined “Include” file: • All climate zone data inside a single Include file • Selected by the zone number from the Deck file • Weather files • New AS/NZS 4234:2021 weather files used • Annual average dry bulb temperatures increasing by 0.4°C – 0.9°C • Maximum temperature in Sydney decreasing by 5°C to 38°C, increasing in Melbourne and Canberra by 4°C to 39°C • Modelling to be conducted in each of the climate zones where incentives may be claimed - AS/NZS 4234 Climate Zones HP3-AU, HP4-AU and/or HP5-AU. 28/06/2021 Industry Consultation on HPWH Simulations 18
Load Profiles • Load profile is a combination of daily, weekend, seasonal profiles, scaled up by load size. • Daily load profiles are based on analysis of commercial & industrial gas consumption data to better reflect commercial applications • Weekend load multiplier added with 50% load reduction in weekends. • Seasonal profile unchanged from AS/NZS 4234. AS/NZ 4234:2008 PROFILE /W WEEKEND MULT 0.2 PROPOSED LOAD PROFILE 0.2 Daily load multiplier 0.15 0.15 0.1 0.1 0.05 0.05 0 0 0 4 8 12 16 20 24 0 4 8 12 16 20 24 Time of day Time of day 28/06/2021 Industry Consultation on HPWH Simulations 19
Q2: Load Profile • In your response to the public consultation, consider the proposed load profiles which have been selected to represent typical commercial/industrial applications. 28/06/2021 Industry Consultation on HPWH Simulations 20
Variable Load Sizing • A variable load size is used to ensure the size of the load matches the product to achieve the most realistic deemed savings • The peak load is adjusted by the modeller to find the maximum load size (ComPkLoad) that satisfies the minimum load delivery temperature (MinDelTemp) of 45°C and 60% energy savings requirements in all zones which are being submitted • Simulations in all climate zones must be run with the same load size 28/06/2021 Industry Consultation on HPWH Simulations 21
Reference Systems • Reference annual energy use is calculated proportionally to the load size modelled • Reference electric and gas annual energy use: • , = 365 ∗ 0.905 ∗ 1.05 ∗ • , = /0.788 • = /0.85 Assumptions: • System losses (i.e. tank heat loss) of 5% • Reference thermal efficiency • Replacement electric system = 100% • Replacement gas system = 78.8% (AS/NZS 4234:2008) • New system = 85% (AS/NZS 4234:2021) • Average seasonal factor of 0.905 (AS/NZS 4234) 28/06/2021 Industry Consultation on HPWH Simulations 22
Q3: Reference Systems In your response to the public consultation, please consider whether the following parameters of the reference systems are appropriate: • Replacement of a gas water heater: 78.8% Efficiency • Replacement of an electric water heater: 100% Efficiency • New install: 85% Efficiency (Gas Water Heater) Each with system losses (such as tank heat loss) of 5% 28/06/2021 Industry Consultation on HPWH Simulations 23
TRNSYS Templates • The following range of TRNSYS deck templates are available: • Integral 5125 • Stand-Alone 5125 • Stand-Alone Performance Map • No Storage • Pre-Heat • Indirect (External HX) • Each template allows for multiple tanks and multiple HP units • These templates may be modified/combined/adapted to reflect systems not exactly represented by these 6 templates. 28/06/2021 Industry Consultation on HPWH Simulations 24
How to choose which template to use? Template Name Tested to Performance Map Integral or Stand alone AS/NZS 5125.1 or No Any thermal Stand alone EN 14511 or HP_NoStorage Performance storage tanks? HP? Table? Integral AS/NZS 5125.1 or EN 14511 Yes HP_Integral_5125 HP_Standalone_5125 Post electric or No Indirect system gas heating? with external HX? Yes Yes No Gas Electric or gas HP_PreheatGas finishing? HP_Standalone_ HP_ExternalHX Electric Map HP_PreheatElec 28/06/2021 Industry Consultation on HPWH Simulations 25
Template Example: Stand-Alone HP with Performance Map • Stand-alone HP system may have multiple (not necessarily equal) number of HP units and tanks in parallel • The pump is modelled separate to the HP units • A 2D performance map is used for these HP units. 28/06/2021 Industry Consultation on HPWH Simulations 26
Q4: Are any extra templates needed? • Which common system configurations are not represented by the available templates? • Currently we have the following TRNSYS templates: • Integral 5125 • Stand-Alone 5125 • Stand-Alone Performance Map • No Storage • Pre-Heat • Indirect (External HX) 28/06/2021 Industry Consultation on HPWH Simulations 27
Modelling Multiple HPs & Tanks Only one instance of a HP & tank are modelled. Simply adjust numHP and numtank in parameter list to represent multiple units. Results are multiplied out to get total energy from all HPs and tanks HPFlow into each tank = [32,2]*numHP/numtank [25,2] = load flow ([32,2]*numHP) = pump flow LoadFlow = [25,2]/numtank 28/06/2021 Industry Consultation on HPWH Simulations 28
2D Performance Map – Power & Capacity • HP units not tested to AS/NZS 5125.1 or EN 14511 may be modelled using a performance data look-up approach • For larger commercial units, performance data is provided for any two of the unit’s thermal output (kW), power consumption (kW) and COP, for a 2D map of entering water temperatures and ambient temperatures. Entering Water Ambient air temperatures (°C) Temperatures (°C) -5 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 20 C(20,-5) C(20,0) C(20,5) C(20,10) C(20,15) C(20,20) C(20,25) C(20,30) C(20,35) C(20,40) Syntax 30 C(30,-5) C(30,0) C(30,5) C(30,10) C(30,15) C(30,20) C(30,25) C(30,30) C(30,35) C(30,40) Capacity(Twater, Tambient) Capacity Table 40 C(40,-5) C(40,0) C(40,5) C(40,10) C(40,15) C(40,20) C(40,25) C(40,30) C(40,35) C(40,40) 50 C(50,-5) C(50,0) C(50,5) C(50,10) C(50,15) C(50,20) C(50,25) C(50,30) C(50,35) C(50,40) e.g. 60 C(60,-5) C(60,0) C(60,5) C(60,10) C(60,15) C(60,20) C(60,25) C(60,30) C(60,35) C(60,40) C(20,-5) = Capacity in kW at Entering Water Ambient air temperatures (°C) Entering water temp. = 20°C Temperatures (°C) -5 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 & Ambient temp. = -5 ° C. 20 P(20,-5) P(20,0) P(20,5) P(20,10) P(20,15) P(20,20) P(20,25) P(20,30) P(20,35) P(20,40) Power Table 30 P(30,-5) P(30,0) P(30,5) P(30,10) P(30,15) P(30,20) P(30,25) P(30,30) P(30,35) P(30,40) 40 P(40,-5) P(40,0) P(40,5) P(40,10) P(40,15) P(40,20) P(40,25) P(40,30) P(40,35) P(40,40) 50 P(50,-5) P(50,0) P(50,5) P(50,10) P(50,15) P(50,20) P(50,25) P(50,30) P(50,35) P(50,40) 60 P(60,-5) P(60,0) P(60,5) P(60,10) P(60,15) P(60,20) P(60,25) P(60,30) P(60,35) P(60,40) 28/06/2021 Industry Consultation on HPWH Simulations 29
2D Performance Map – Data File Performance data needs to be re-formatted into a text file as shown on the right. Capacity & power normalized by rated values. First row = entering water temperatures Second row = ambient temperatures First column = capacity Second column = power 28/06/2021 Industry Consultation on HPWH Simulations 30
Running the Simulations • Transcribe all product parameters to the deck file • Execute each TRNSYS deck file with TRNSYS 15 • Simulate will generate a List (.lst) and Output (.OUT) file for each deck (.dck) file • ***.lst files provide guidance if there are any errors in the simulation • ***.OUT files provide results of the simulation 28/06/2021 Industry Consultation on HPWH Simulations 31
Results: Output file • TIME: total hours of simulation • zone: AS/NZS 4234 climate zone • ComPkLoad: commercial peak daily winter load size in winter (MJ/day) • Savings%: percentage energy savings compared to reference electrical water heater • HPelec: annual electrical energy use of HPWH (GJ/a) • HPgas: annual gas energy use of HPWH (GJ/a) • MinDelTemp: minimum delivery temperature (°C) • TimeMin: time in hours at which minimum delivery occurs • Load
Simulation Criteria • In the climate zones where the product is installed: • Minimum annual energy savings requirement of 60% • Minimum delivery temperature of 45°C For each climate zone where the product is installed 28/06/2021 Industry Consultation on HPWH Simulations 33
Determining Peak Load Guess ComPkLoad = 15 * Capacity kW • Step 1: Guess ComPkLoad = 15 * Capacity kW • Step 2: Execute TRNSYS template in Zone 5 • Step 3: If MinDelTemp > 45.0, increase ComPkLoad, Execute TRNSYS in Zone 5 go to Step 2. Repeat Step 3 until MinDelTemp < 45.0. Final ComPkLoad is the highest value for which If MinDelTemp > 45 AND Savings > 60% MinDelTemp > 45.0 and Savings% > 60.0. => Increase ComPkLoad • Step 4: Repeat modelling for zones 3-4 with the ComPkLoad found for zone 5. If MinDelTemp < 45 OR Savings < 60% => Decrease ComPkLoad • Step 5: Check that Savings% and MinDelTemp requirements are also met in zones 3 and 4 Run TRNSYS in all zones with highest valid ComPkLoad 28/06/2021 Industry Consultation on HPWH Simulations 34
Example: Determining Peak Load 1. System capacity is 20kW. Guess ComPkLoad = 15 * 20kW = 300 MJ/d. 2. Run simulation in Zone 5 3. Result: MinDelTemp = 48.4°C. Re-run with ComPkLoad = 350 MJ/d 4. Result: MinDelTemp = 45.3°C. Re-run with ComPkLoad = 400 MJ/d 5. Result: MinDelTemp = 41.4°C < 45.0 °C 6. ComPkLoad = 350 MJ/d is the highest load satisfying the criteria. Increasing ComPkLoad Decreasing MinDelTemp 28/06/2021 Industry Consultation on HPWH Simulations 35
Q5: Simulation Criteria Please consider whether these criteria are appropriate: • The minimum annual energy savings requirement of 60%, in the climate zone where the product is installed, which is used as part of the calculation procedure to define the load which a HPWH can deliver. • The minimum delivery temperature of 45°C for the purposes of defining the load which a HPWH can deliver. 28/06/2021 Industry Consultation on HPWH Simulations 36
Overall Application Process Stage 1: Review rules & Collect Complete Review guidelines documentation specification sheet Stage 2: Select TRNSYS Populate TRNSYS Run TRNSYS Model template template simulations Stage 3: Populate Application Prepare files for Submit application Apply form with outputs audit 28/06/2021 Industry Consultation on HPWH Simulations 37
Product Application Form - Results Must be ≥ 60.0 HPgas is the gas used by the HPWH which may include gas boosters Savings is calculated by spreadsheet – Refelec is calculated from ComPkLoad it should match .OUT 28/06/2021 Industry Consultation on HPWH Simulations 38
Product Application Form - Results Must be ≥45.0 Must = 0.0 Copy in results for each climate zone 28/06/2021 Industry Consultation on HPWH Simulations 39
Product Application Form Sum of the individual auxiliary heaters’ thermal capacities. The thermal capacity of an electric resistance heater may be taken Sum of the individual HP’s thermal capacities, defined by AS/NZS to be equal to its rated electric power input. The thermal 5125.1 (test condition 2, 20°C water) or EN 14511 (at 20°C air, capacity of a gas heater must include consideration of its 20°C water). thermal efficiency. The sum of the maximum power inputs provided on The sum of the rated power input provided on each component’s each component’s nameplate. If maximum current The HP’s operating range as declared in the manufacturer’s nameplate, in accordance with AS/NZS 60335.1. If current only is specified only is specified on the nameplate, a nominal voltage documentation, such as the operating or installation on the nameplate, a nominal voltage of 230V may be used to calculating of 230V may be used to calculating input power for manual, control logic or product packaging and labels. input power for single phase products. single phase products. If there is no maximum power or current provided, the rated value may be used. 28/06/2021 Industry Consultation on HPWH Simulations 40
Next steps • You can find the modelling files here: https://engage.vic.gov.au/commercial-and- industrial-heat-pump-water-heating • Review the documents, test the modelling procedure & submit your written feedback as part of the public consultation process: ▪ https://engage.vic.gov.au/commercial-and-industrial-heat-pump-water-heating ▪ https://energy.nsw.gov.au/government-and-regulation/consultations/2020-21- energy-savings-scheme-rule-change • Please provide data to support your position. • Contact EnergyAE directly if you have any questions about the modelling procedure: alastair.mcdowell@energyae.com 28/06/2021 Industry Consultation on HPWH Simulations 41
Questions Product Requirements Do you agree with the requirement for products with a storage volume less than 700L to be certified to AS/NZS 2712? Do you agree with the specific test requirements for tank heat loss and heat pump performance? Do you agree with the requirements for other components such as pipework, water pumps, gas or electric boosters? Hot Water Load Profiles Do you agree with the load profile and weekend multiplier which have been selected to represent typical commercial/industrial applications? If not, what data can you provide to suggest a load profile which better represents typical commercial/industrial applications? Reference Systems Do you agree with the reference energy use definitions? TRNSYS Templates Which system configurations are not represented by the available templates? What market share is represented by this additional system type? Simulation Criteria Do you agree with the minimum annual energy savings requirement of 60%, in the climate zone where the product is installed, which is used as part of the calculation procedure to define the load which a HPWH can deliver? If not, how do you suggest that the load is defined? Do you agree with the minimum delivery temperature of 45°C for the purposes of defining the load which a HPWH can deliver? If not, how do you suggest that the load is defined General Approach Do you agree with the general approach of the calculation method, utilising TRNSYS and annual weather files to simulate the product’s typical annual energy use? Is the complexity of the calculation method reasonable, given the total incentive available for multiple installs? 28/06/2021 Industry Consultation on HPWH Simulations 42
Thank you Submissions must be made in writing to: Engage Victoria https://engage.vic.gov.au/commercial-and-industrial-heat-pump-water-heating or Department of Planning, Industry and Environment sustainability@environment.nsw.gov.au 43 OFFICIAL
Alastair McDowell and Fiona Parenti Thank you! Alastair.McDowell@EnergyAE.com Fiona.Parenti@EnergyAE.com www.energyae.com +61 448 632 196 28/06/2021 Industry Consultation on HPWH Simulations 44
Appendix Slides 28/06/2021 Industry Consultation on HPWH Simulations 45
Setup Tips: Include & Weather Files 1. It is recommended to put a local reference to the Include and Weather files 2. Copy weather & Include files into a local folder such as C:\Temp\ 1. Add a local reference to Weather files inside the Include file 2. Copy weather files to local folder i.e. C:\Temp\ 28/06/2021 Industry Consultation on HPWH Simulations 46
Setup Tips: Include File • One Include file provided: N_CommercialHP_TM2.inc • Create a copy of the TRNSYS deck file for each climate zone (3-5) and specify the appropriate zone number in each file Change the zone number inside the TRNSYS .dck file 28/06/2021 Industry Consultation on HPWH Simulations 47
Setup Tips: Folder Structure • Use the file naming structure: • … / BrandName / ModelNo / BrandName_ModelNo_Z*.dck • Make copies of each TRNSYS file for zones 3-5 • Save HP_Data.dat (if applicable) inside the ModelNo folder • No spaces in any filenames 28/06/2021 Industry Consultation on HPWH Simulations 48
VEEC Calculation = . = , − × + , − × × Where: • , is the annual electrical energy consumption of the reference electric water heater* • , is the annual gas energy consumption of the reference gas water heater* • is the emission factor for electricity (tCO2eq/GJ) • is the emission factor for gas (tCO2eq/GJ) • is the annual electrical energy consumption of the heat pump water heater (GJ/y) • is the annual gas energy consumption of the heat pump water heater (GJ/y) • is the deemed life of the product *Note: Typically only one of Bref,elec or Bref,gas is used at any one time. 28/06/2021 Industry Consultation on HPWH Simulations 49
Reference Systems Annual Energy The annual energy consumption of reference electric resistance and gas storage water heaters is estimated using the following equations: , = 365 × 0.905 × 1.05 × , , = 365 × 0.905 × 1.05 × = Where: • Bref,elec is the annual electrical energy consumption of the reference electric water heater • Bref,gas is the annual gas energy consumption of the reference gas water heater • 365 is the number of days in a year • 0.905 is the annual average seasonal multiplier • 1.05 is the tank heat loss multiplier to account for additional energy required to offset tank heat loss • PeakLoad is the daily energy load of the system in the middle of winter. • ηgas is the thermal efficiency of the reference gas water heater = 82% 28/06/2021 Industry Consultation on HPWH Simulations 50
Emissions Factors The values of EFelec, and EFgas are often defined at forward average values over the lifetime of the product: • EFelec = 0.3042 tCO2eq/GJ for electricity and • EFgas = 0.05153 tCO2eq/GJ for gas 28/06/2021 Industry Consultation on HPWH Simulations 51
Integral 5125 • Multiple integral heat pump units may be modelled in parallel • This system is based on the CER Domestic Integral heat pump template, modified to allow multiple units • The system must be tested according to AS/NZS 5125.1, and the power and COP coefficients from this test report are used within the model. 28/06/2021 Industry Consultation on HPWH Simulations 52
Stand-Alone 5125 • Multiple stand-alone heat pump units may be modelled in parallel • The pump is considered inherent to the heat pump unit, and therefore the pump’s power consumption should be included in the heat pump test report. If this is not the case, then separate pump component(s) need to be added to the model • This system is based on the CER Domestic Stand-alone heat pump template, modified to allow multiple units • The system must be tested according to AS/NZS 5125.1, and the power and COP coefficients from this test report are used within the model. 28/06/2021 Industry Consultation on HPWH Simulations 53
No Storage • Commercial heat pump systems may be modelled without storage, as a single pass system. 28/06/2021 Industry Consultation on HPWH Simulations 54
Pre-Heat • The commercial heat pump storage system can be extended to have multiple finishing tanks with either gas or electric boosting, or to use other boost plant such as instantaneous gas water heaters. 28/06/2021 Industry Consultation on HPWH Simulations 55
Indirect (External HX) • Heat pump storage systems may have external heat exchanger(s) for indirect (closed loop) applications • The heat exchanger is defined by a user-defined UA value. 28/06/2021 Industry Consultation on HPWH Simulations 56
2D Performance Map – Data File • This data is re-formatted into a data file to be read during the simulation. At each timestep, the appropriate values of HP performance are read for the current values entering water temperature and ambient temperature • Up to 10 steps in ambient temperature between -5°C to 40°C, and up to 5 steps of entering water temperature between 20°C and 60°C are provided • The performance data is interpolated within these ranges but cannot be extrapolated. • An example normalised performance map has been provided, however, it is required for manufacturers to provide their own performance map based on testing in accordance with EN 14511 • The normalised performance map is multiplied by a manufacturer declared rated power input and COP and/or rated thermal output (any two of these three) to fully describe heat pump performance. 28/06/2021 Industry Consultation on HPWH Simulations 57
2D Performance Map - Normalising • The data from these tables must be normalised by the rated capacity and rated power at a selected rating ambient air temperature, Ta_rate, and rating entering water temperature, Tw_rate , ҧ , ) = ( _ , _ , ത , ) = ( _ , _ 28/06/2021 Industry Consultation on HPWH Simulations 58
2D Performance Map – Input Data Generic format Example normalized performance map 28/06/2021 Industry Consultation on HPWH Simulations 59
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