CAMBRIDGESHIRE AND PETERBOROUGH STRATEGIC SPATIAL FRAMEWORK (NON STATUTORY) - Towards a Sustainable Growth Strategy to 2050
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CAMBRIDGESHIRE AND PETERBOROUGH STRATEGIC SPATIAL FRAMEWORK (NON STATUTORY) Towards a Sustainable Growth Strategy to 2050
CAMBRIDGESHIRE AND PETERBOROUGH
STRATEGIC SPATIAL FRAMEWORK (NON STATUTORY) CONTENTS:
FOREWORD robust Local Plans and the pace of investment and The Combined Authority will engage with its partners
We are so fortunate to live and work somewhere that is
development already well underway. We would like to
thank the wide range of partners and stakeholders that
and other stakeholders over coming months to develop
the second half of our Strategic Spatial Framework,
04 Introduction
home to successful and distinctive cities, market towns have helped to develop this with us over recent months. Phase Two by December 2018. This will set out a
and rural communities. We are surrounded by beautiful longer-term growth strategy to 2050, beyond current
natural assets and some of the best agricultural land It is central to the Combined Authority to work with Local Plans and be the opportunity for teamwork Section 1
in the country. Our growth is amongst the fastest in and through our constituent councils and partner taking account of the latest evidence on the future, and 06
the country, reflecting our economic strengths, the organisations, to address the opportunities and
challenges for our area, to build on our strengths, but
engage the contributions key partners will make to meet About Cambridgeshire and Peterborough
impressive diversity of our jobs and skills base, and our area’s future needs and ambitions, as well as make
to use investment and influence to improve the lives of
the quality of life that attract people here.
everyone. It is also key in being clear to Government
full use of Government policy and support and future
Section 2
But several parts of our area are not thriving, economic and national agencies what the gaps are that we need
changes to strategic planning and national investment.
11
opportunities and quality of life there are not what they their help to fill and how utilities need to make their We commend this document to you and look forward to Strategic Spatial Issues
should be, and it is vital that strategic planning focuses contribution too. working with our partners and stakeholders to make a
on ensuring that all parts gain a share of our prosperity, real difference to the lives of people living and working
Section 3
with inclusive growth that is spread and rebalanced This Strategic Spatial Framework Phase One defines in every part of Cambridgeshire and Peterborough.
15
across our geography. There is clear evidence here on
disadvantage that must be addressed both in strategic
our immediate priorities for sustainable growth and
includes wider actions we are taking and will take to If you have any comments on the document, please Supporting Delivery of the Development Strategy in Local Plans to 2036
planning and in better targeted education and skills support the sustainable delivery of over 100,000 quality email contactus@cambridgeshirepeterborough-ca.gov.uk
spend and “soft infrastructure” investment, so all areas new homes and more than 90,000 additional jobs in Section 4
enjoy the same opportunities. Combined Authority plans and Local Plans. 32
The Devolution Deal for Cambridgeshire and It signposts how our area might grow in the longer
Inclusive Growth
Peterborough, which we signed with the Government in term, including how we can take a more inclusive
March 2017, provides the base for greater sub-regional approach by using strategic planning to rebalance Section 5
and local decision making and leadership in how we and share growth, create housing that people or all James Palmer 40
influence and shape our area’s future growth and income levels and needs can afford, and promote Mayor of Cambridgeshire & Peterborough Wider Spatial Context and Working with Neighbouring Areas
prosperity, and meet the expectations of our residents. future development in historically disadvantaged
areas. It does many other things too, including
The publication of Phase One of our Strategic Spatial Section 6
planning a comprehensively high bar on the quality
45
Framework for Cambridgeshire and Peterborough
is an important first milestone in achieving that
of future growth and the recognition that the character
of our environment and communities are strengths Cllr Lewis Herbert Next Steps: Opportunities for Developing the Strategic Spatial Framework to 2050
ambition, meshing with our infrastructure investments, we cherish as part of our ever-changing area. Portfolio Holder for Strategic Planning
2 3INTRODUCTION The Cambridgeshire and Peterborough authorities have agreed
Cambridgeshire and Peterborough
Combined Authority strategic area
Devolution has brought major new opportunities
with Government to create a non-statutory spatial framework
for the future of Cambridgeshire and Peterborough.
More responsibility and funding now rests with
local leaders and the Mayor - through the
Peterborough to support delivery of this growth.
Cambridgeshire and Peterborough Combined
Fenland
Authority - to shape and deliver future growth This is the first phase of the strategic spatial framework. This document has three main functions:
for the benefit of all our communities.
Defining the Combined
Collectively that means delivering Authority’s ambitions and Signalling how Cambridgeshire
Setting out how the Combined
indicating opportunities for and Peterborough authorities
Authority will support the
the development of the spatial are working collaboratively and
East Cambridgeshire implementation of development
Huntingdonshire framework, which will look strategically to achieve growth -
strategies in Local Plans to 2036
beyond the current Local Plans in line with the direction of
- so that the jobs and homes
to help establish the next phase Government’s planning reforms
more than targets are met.
of growth of Cambridgeshire to fix our broken housing market.
90,000 new jobs and Peterborough to 2050.
This is not a traditional planning document but is The framework will be developed during 2018
to set out a longer-term growth strategy to 2050.
and over This will take account of the latest evidence
100,000 new homes
South Cambridgeshire Cambridge
an opportunity to innovate, to develop a new to support the area’s needs and ambitions, as
well as relevant changes to Government policy.
by 2036, and helping establish approach that enhances the planning system to It will be aligned closely with other relevant
strategies for Cambridgeshire and Peterborough
the area’s future growth needs and
ambitions beyond that to 2050. better deliver our future growth and prosperity. and will provide strategic guidance for the
development of future local plans.
4 5SECTION 1
BACKGROUND INEQUALITY BUSINESS
Cambridgeshire and Peterborough has a But it is also an area of great diversity and, There are 41,650 businesses across
national and international profile and influence, like many places that are outwardly successful, Cambridgeshire and Peterborough with
focused on the knowledge-based economy there are downsides too. There is a clear just under 35,000 of these, or over 80%,
and a world class university in Greater geographical pattern to deprivation in being micro businesses with nine or fewer
ABOUT CAMBRIDGESHIRE
Cambridge, complemented by research and Cambridgeshire and Peterborough, which employees. Some 195 businesses qualify
manufacturing strengths in Peterborough and reflects different local economies. as ‘large’, with 250 or more employees 1. At
the market towns. the time of the 2011 census, Cambridgeshire
More deprived areas cluster to the north and Peterborough had just over 400,000
Its cities and towns include some of the finest and within Cambridge and Peterborough employed residents 2.
historic buildings in the world, while there is themselves (indeed, Cambridge is ranked
AND PETERBOROUGH
ready access to the countryside and high quality as the least equal city in the UK based on Some 70,000 people commute into the area
landscapes, with strategic transport connections income and wealth 1). Peterborough and for work while nearly 60,000 Cambridgeshire
including to London. Fenland each contain areas that are among and Peterborough residents commute
the 10% most deprived nationally 2. outside the area 3. The majority of jobs are in
Its attractiveness as a place to live and work education; health; professional, scientific and
is reflected by its continued population growth: technical; retail; and business administration
Cambridge and Peterborough have consistently and support services.
been in the top five fastest growing cities in the
UK in recent years 1. However, local economies exist across the
area and different sectors have more or less
significance within particular places.
1 ONS Business Counts 2017.
1 Centre for Cities in Cities Outlook 2018, Table 13: 2 406,414 employed residents (Census 2011).
1 Most recently reported by the Centre for Cities in Cities Gini coefficient. 3 69,756 in-commuters and 57,108 out-commuters
Outlook 2017, Table 1. 2 CLG, 2015. Indices of Multiple Deprivation (Census 2011).
6 7Spalding King’s Lynn
POPULATION ECONOMY MARKET TOWNS AFFORDABLE HOUSING
A47
The population of Cambridgeshire and Peterborough has a diverse economy, including A number of the market towns, including There are significant differences in house
Peterborough in 2016 was just under Wisbech engineering and manufacturing; agriculture, Huntingdon, St Neots and Ely, look to the prices and rent levels across the area. To the
850,000, with 496,000 jobs across the area 1. food and drink; digital and creative industries; Cambridge economy and services, although south focused on Cambridge, houses are
With planned housing growth the population A47 the energy sector and financial services. The they continue to develop and strengthen their amongst the least affordable in the UK.
is expected to increase to over a million Peterborough Downham Market city has a high concentration of companies own local economies, retail and service offers.
engaged in environment-related activities, Cambridge has an affordability ratio of 12.97,
people by 2036 2. A47
while its locational advantage close to strategic To the north there is a stronger relationship significantly higher than the national average
The majority of the existing population live March between places such as Ramsey and of 7.72 1. Significant affordability challenges
transport routes attracts logistics companies.
in the thirteen main settlements within the Whittlesey with Peterborough, while Wisbech are also prevalent throughout Cambridgeshire
area: the cities of Peterborough, Cambridge Cambridge’s economic success is accelerated is closer to King’s Lynn in Norfolk. and Peterborough.
A10
and Ely; and the market towns of Whittlesey, by the “Cambridge Phenomenon”, a cluster
Chatteris of knowledge-based industries with a global The market towns have traditionally acted as Devolution has enabled £170m investment to
Wisbech, March, Chatteris, Littleport, Soham, A1(M)
Ramsey Littleport
profile located in the city and its surrounds. service centres for nearby smaller settlements, fund extra affordable rent housing and shared
Ramsey, St Ives, St Neots and Huntingdon.
There are now around 1,000 technology and providing retail, health and education as well ownership, including council housing
Ely
With an area of 338,960 hectares 3, around biotechnology companies in the cluster, 1,400 as employment opportunities. in Cambridge.
12% of Cambridgeshire and Peterborough is when providers of services and support
A14
developed. The rural areas outside the main organizations are included 1.
settlements include many villages and small Huntingdon St Ives Soham
communities, while agricultural production is A11 The establishment of these industries and their
significant for the area. development over time is inextricably linked
A10 with the education and research capabilities of
A14
A14 the University of Cambridge. The strength of
A1
A14 this relationship is particularly well illustrated by
St Neots Newmarket
A428 the fact that Cambridge is the leading UK city
for publication of patent applications. Indeed,
Cambridge
in 2016 Cambridge-based organisations and
Bedford M11
A11 individuals published more patents than the
total of the next three highest-performing cities2.
A421
Haverhill Tourism is an important part of the local
economy with an estimated 4.5 million people
1 ONS 2016 mid-year estimates.
visiting Cambridge each year.
2 Forecast population at 2036 is 1,044,030 -
Cambridgeshire County Council Research Group’s A1
Royston 1 ONS, Ratio of house price to workplace-based
2015-based population forecasts. A505 Saffron Walden 1 Cambridge Phenomenon website. earnings (lower quartile and median) 2016.
3 Census 2011. 2 Centre for Cities in Cities Outlook 2018, Table 5. Released 17 March 2017.
Letchworth
8 9SECTION 2
TRANSPORT NATURAL ENVIRONMENT CONNECTIONS
The area is served to varying degrees by The area contains a diverse range of natural Many of the surrounding districts outside
strategic and local transport routes. A number environments, the potential constraints and Cambridgeshire and Peterborough have
of key routes suffer severe congestion at limits of which upon growth will need to be strong functional links with it. Peterborough
peak times, particularly those connected to properly addressed and managed. The Ouse has close ties with Lincolnshire and Rutland to
OUR STRATEGIC
Cambridge, as well as parts of Peterborough and Nene Washes are of international the north and Northamptonshire to the west.
and some of the market towns. importance for wildfowl and migratory birds, West Suffolk is part of the Cambridge Housing
whilst low-lying fenland areas provide Market Area, with Newmarket and Haverhill
The long-term capacity challenges of the A14 unique landscapes. in particular having a strong relationship with
are being addressed by the current improvements Cambridge. The same is true of Royston in
works, due to be completed in 2020. The Significant new and expanded habitat and
SPATIAL ISSUES
Hertfordshire and Saffron Walden in Essex.
strategic rail network includes the East Coast greenspace creation includes the award-
Main Line, West Anglia and other lines providing winning Great Fen and Wicken Fen. There are a number of strategic transport
links to London, Birmingham, Ipswich, Liverpool corridors that are critical to the area’s
and Norwich. Recent years have seen a Flood risk is an important issue for parts of economic success and growth, notably the
significant increase in rail patronage. the strategic area, particularly low-lying land to A14 providing strategic links to the east coast
the north. Strategic scale flood risk and water ports and the midlands; the M11 forming the
management infrastructure directly protect spine of the London-Stansted-Cambridge
LIVING STANDARDS homes, infrastructure, land, businesses and corridor; the A11 and A47 to Norwich; and the
jobs for people afforded protection by them. A428 to the west of Cambridge, connecting
Parts of the area have amongst the best quality
of life in the country based on employment, Conversely, being located in the East of with Bedford and Milton Keynes.
health and life expectancy, crime rates, and England, much of the area suffers from
happiness and satisfaction 1. severe water stress with longer-term supply
implications for homes and businesses. CAMBRIDGE - MK - OXFORD
But there are significant disparities. For example,
In addition, the Government has announced
both Peterborough and Fenland are amongst
its vision for the Cambridge, Milton Keynes
some of the worst areas nationally for the
and Oxford corridor to stimulate economic
number of premature deaths 2.
growth in the national interest. This includes
investment in new and upgraded road and rail
1 Both East and South Cambridgeshire Districts have infrastructure and a corridor-wide ambition for
featured in the top ten areas with the best quality of life one million new homes by 2050 1.
by a range of measures in recent annual surveys by the
Halifax Building Society.
2 Peterborough is 249th and Fenland is 250th out of 1 Helping the Cambridge, Milton Keynes and Oxford
a total of 324 local authority areas. Longer Lives: 2017 corridor reach its potential. HM Government,
Annual Update, Public Health England. November 2017.
10 11STRATEGIC SPATIAL ISSUES STRATEGIC PRIORITIES Other priorities focus on more effective delivery The Combined Authority recognises the
of existing plans, particularly planned housing importance of ensuring that environmental
The Mayor and the Combined Authority have BECOMING THE UK’S The Combined Authority has, therefore, and jobs growth, and supporting infrastructure. issues are considered fully alongside
established a bold vision for the future of a significant role in addressing issues economic and social priorities, in accordance
CAPITAL OF INNOVATION A key purpose of this first version of the
Cambridgeshire and Peterborough to be that are critical for the future of not only with the principle of net environmental gain.
“the leading place in the world to learn, live AND PRODUCTIVITY. Cambridgeshire and Peterborough, but the Combined Authority’s Strategic Spatial
and work”. This will be achieved through UK as a whole. Framework is to focus on actions and This includes addressing strategic water
five big ambitions: interventions to address the effective issues (flood risk and supply), green
A number of the strategic priorities agreed with implementation of existing plans to 2036. infrastructure 1, open spaces and biodiversity,
government through the Devolution Deal, and pollution, clean energy and climate resilience
HEALTHY, THRIVING reflected in the ambitions above, have spatial The Combined Authority has built on the in line with the climate risks outlined in the
AND PROSPEROUS implications. In particular, there is a need for priorities agreed with government to ensure UK’s Climate Change Risk Assessment 2.
COMMUNITIES. a clear understanding of the levels and type that a comprehensive approach is taken to
of development to meet high-level ambitions delivering truly sustainable development. Finally, quality must be built into all growth
for substantial economic growth and, critically, outcomes, in terms of the built environment
In particular, it is essential that the benefits of and provision of services and infrastructure
how this growth will be delivered.
growth are inclusive and integrated across the to serve existing and new communities.
ACCESS TO A GOOD Some priorities are predicated on the whole of Cambridgeshire and Peterborough,
potential for growth beyond the current levels particularly benefitting the most deprived For example, this will include reference to
JOB WITHIN EASY
established through adopted and emerging parts. Accordingly, section 4 of this framework Government’s A Green Future: Our 25 year
REACH OF HOME. statutory plans – specifically the target to addresses ‘Inclusive Growth’. plan to improve the environment highlighting
deliver a doubling of economic outputs, the economic, social and health benefits of
which has been given further impetus by investing in natural capital.
government’s announcements on the strategic
A WORKFORCE FOR THE MODERN growth corridor from Cambridge to Oxford.
WORLD FOUNDED ON INVESTMENT
IN SKILLS AND EDUCATION.
ENVIRONMENTALLY 1 Green infrastructure is the sub-regional network of
protected sites, nature reserves, green spaces and
SUSTAINABLE. greenway linkages, providing multi-functional uses such
as wildlife habitat, recreation, and flood protection.
2 HM Government (2017). UK Climate Change Risk
Assessment 2017.
12 13SECTION 3
Against this background, the strategic spatial issues that have a direct bearing on Cambridgeshire
and Peterborough’s prosperity and growth are set out in the table below.
2030 AMBITIONS
Becoming the UK’s
RELATED ISSUES TO BE ADDRESSED
Housing – achieving accelerated rates of house building, including working with developers and SUPPORTING DELIVERY
OF THE DEVELOPMENT
capital of innovation the construction industry to restore the skills base and supply chains which were affected by the
economic downturn; and to ensure an appropriate mix of housing, particularly affordable housing
and productivity
to meet the area’s social and economic needs.
Healthy, thriving Transport - ensuring that planning for and investment in strategic transport infrastructure is
and prosperous
STRATEGY IN LOCAL
prioritised appropriately so that growth and regeneration is properly serviced and the effects of
communities congestion on productivity are addressed.
Access to a good Broadband – bringing superfast broadband access to 99% of premises across Cambridgeshire
and Peterborough by the end of 2020 1.
job within easy reach
PLANS TO 2036
of home
Inclusive growth – recognising the need to build on and enhance the competitiveness and
A workforce for the success of existing sectors and places, whilst ensuring all residents can benefit from growth.
modern world founded
on investment in skills Quality – maintaining and enhancing the quality of life and natural and built heritage of the area,
including the historic environment.
and education
Environment – addressing environmental issues that have a key influence on achieving
Environmentally sustainable development and outcomes, including water, biodiversity and green space, and
sustainable. climate resilience.
1 The target established through the Connecting Cambridgeshire initiative.
14 15DEVOLUTION DEAL
The Devolution Deal between the Combined Authority and government provides for the transfer of CURRENT LOCAL PLANS
significant resources and powers for infrastructure, housing, economic development, employment All the Cambridgeshire and Peterborough CAMBRIDGE AND SOUTH EAST CAMBRIDGESHIRE
and skills, that will impact positively on the lives of residents by helping create more jobs, improving local authorities have adopted Local Plans, CAMBRIDGESHIRE The East Cambridgeshire Local Plan
with reviews to keep them up to date
the skills and employment prospects of residents and boosting the productivity of Cambridgeshire currently underway in Cambridge, South The development strategy set out in the (adopted 2015) seeks to provide 11,500
and Peterborough. These resources and powers include: Cambridgeshire, Peterborough, East emerging Cambridge and South Cambridgeshire homes and 9,200 jobs during the plan
period 2011- 2031.
Cambridgeshire and Huntingdonshire. - Local Plans to 2031 follows a sequential
all of which should be adopted in 2018 approach to development.
Through sustainable growth it seeks to take
or early 2019. advantage of the economic vitality of the
This sequence maximises use of land within
Collectively, the plans include targets for and on the edge of Cambridge compatible Cambridge sub-region, whilst retaining its
more than 90,000 additional jobs and over with protecting the Green Belt setting of the distinct identity as a predominantly rural area.
£170 £20 Strategic
Growth is focussed at its three market towns
Responsibility 100,000 new homes by 2036 1. historic city and then in new settlements
linked to Cambridge by sustainable transport of Ely, Soham and Littleport.
for a strategic
A brief summary of the current Local Plan for corridors and finally a limited amount of
highways
The plan aims to respond to local needs as
million million
each city and district council is included below. development in the larger and more
much as possible, including firm support for
review This provides the context for the actions sustainable villages.
‘community led development’, especially in
powers, and objectives that follow, setting out how
the Combined Authority will support the
implementation of the local plans to help
Together the plans provide for 33,500 new
homes and 44,000 additional jobs.
the form of Community Land Trust schemes.
Other notable policies include its support
meet Cambridgeshire and Peterborough’s for the horse racing industry, with East
to deliver new a year funding including preparation of 16+ skills 2030 Ambitions. Cambridgeshire being home to the famous
Newmarket July Racecourse, as well as
homes over a five- over 30 years for of a Local provision in the area. policies protecting what’s special about
year period, focused investment to Transport Plan. the area, such as the many national and
international biodiversity sites. A Review of
on affordable rented boost growth. the plan is well underway, broadly following
and shared the principles of the current plan, with
adoption due later in 2018.
ownership housing.
1 Plans that are adopted or have been submitted
for examination.
16 17THE UK’S CAPITAL OF INNOVATION AND PRODUCTIVITY
FENLAND HUNTINGDONSHIRE PETERBOROUGH
The Fenland Local Plan (adopted May 2014) The Huntingdonshire Local Plan 2036 The Peterborough Development Plan is
is pro-growth and seeks to provide 11,000 will deliver at least 20,100 homes and comprised of a number of Local Plans
homes and 7,200 jobs during the plan period approximately 14,400 additional jobs adopted from 2011 onwards. Collectively,
to 2031. between 2011 and 2036. they seek a ‘bigger and better Peterborough’, The Combined Authority’s aim is that PRINCIPLES • Support regeneration projects in priority
with around 25,000 homes (2009-2026) economic output will double over the next 25 areas, such as the most deprived parts
Through sustainable growth it seeks to tackle Huntingdonshire is part of the thriving years. Underpinned by a strong economic The Combined Authority will support the of Cambridgeshire and Peterborough (as
and over 200 hectares of employment land local planning authorities in creating the
and address current health inequalities, Cambridge Sub-Region and the distribution provided for. and productivity plan GVA will increase from defined in section 4).
community deprivation, lack of affordable of growth will be primarily to four spatial £22bn to over £40bn 1. right conditions for current jobs targets to
housing, infrastructure deficit and low skills planning areas around the towns of The spatial strategy heavily focusses growth be met. In doing so it will apply the • Support the creation, expansion and
and educational attainment. Huntingdon, St. Neots, St. Ives and Ramsey. in and around Peterborough itself, with a Cambridgeshire and Peterborough has a following principles: enhancement of education establishments,
limited amount of growth identified for the range of economic strengths, which provide a including for further education and universities.
The focus of development is on the four The strategy also supports a thriving solid foundation for further growth. It has the • Over the longer term, develop an
small scale villages which surround the city. overarching spatial planning response to • Prioritise delivery of high quality housing,
market towns with March (4,200) and rural economy, providing opportunities for highest productivity and employment rate of
Wisbech (3,550) being the major contributors. communities to achieve local development Over the years, a key challenge has been the UK mayoral combined authorities 2, while the area’s economic needs, with greater including affordable housing, to support
aspirations while protecting the character of protecting and enhancing the city’s fine Cambridge has the highest skilled workforce collaboration across the area to facilitate jobs growth, reduce affordability pressures
Except for very large allocations in the form of existing settlements and intrinsic beauty of historic core (including its cathedral), whilst complementary and sustainable patterns and tackle affordable housing need.
of any UK city 3.
urban extensions on the edge of market towns, the open countryside. embracing rapid growth arising since the day of strategic employment locations.
the plan uses a criteria-based approach to • Protect and enhance the quality of the
the city was nominated as a New Town. • Ensure that investment in strategic natural and built environment to ensure the
assess new proposals in all settlements. The development strategy has been shaped
by the fundamental principles of sustainability, A Review of the development plan is well infrastructure demonstrably supports area remains attractive for its quality of life,
In moving away from traditional planning aiming to achieve a balance between social, underway, with adoption of a single Local economic growth, including for the most and therefore as a location for business -
which allocates most sites it seeks to economic and environmental priorities. Plan due in late 2018. deprived communities within the area (see applying a natural capital and ecosystem
encourage development in a more flexible, section 4, ‘Inclusive Growth’). services approach.
case by case way to provide growth. Following the designation of the Strategic
Expansion Location of Alconbury Weald • Support development proposals for
which included a designated enterprise zone businesses in identified priority sectors
and up to 5,000 houses and associated in Local Plans and economic strategies,
infrastructure, two further expansion locations including building on the established
are proposed offering further opportunities innovative clusters of research and
to deliver new sustainable communities and development, environmental goods and
inward investment in Huntingdonshire. services, advanced manufacturing, and
1 Cambridgeshire and Peterborough Devolution Deal. other knowledge-based industries.
It is anticipated that the Huntingdonshire March 2017.
Local Plan 2036: Proposed Submission 2 ONS, Combined Authority Economic Indicators,
2017 will be adopted in Autumn 2019. March 2017.
3 Centre for Cities in Cities Outlook 2018, Table 10
18 19HEALTHY, THRIVING AND PROSPEROUS COMMUNITIES
STRATEGIC EMPLOYMENT The Combined Authority supports the MARKET TOWNS
LOCATIONS successful delivery of strategic employment
locations, including the designated Enterprise The Market Towns Masterplan for Growth
Most of the strategic development locations Zones. The additional jobs provided at initiative, piloted in St Neots in 2017, is an
identified in Local Plans provide for these and other locations will make an integrated investment and regeneration
programme for education and skills, Cambridgeshire and Peterborough can only A major challenge remains, therefore, However, through its Devolution Deal with
employment as part of a mix of uses. important contribution to the overall target in
commercial and industrial development continue to succeed if our existing, growing how to ensure timely construction of these government the Combined Authority has
Of these, a number are designated as Local Plans and the Combined Authority’s
and supporting infrastructure. Its aim is and new communities are places that people outstanding permissions and meet the the opportunity to look at ways to accelerate
Enterprise Zones. economic growth ambitions. The Authority
to stimulate economic growth and create really want to call home. overall local plan targets within the expected housing delivery, whether it is through
will, therefore, use its investment decisions, timescales. The reasons for this degree of forward-funding of infrastructure, supporting
It is envisaged that the zone at Alconbury employment opportunities in market towns.
influence and practical support to help A significant percentage of Cambridgeshire challenge are varied and complex, skills in the construction sector or facilitating
Weald will accommodate around 8,000 The initiative will be rolled out to other market
achieve these outcomes. and Peterborough’s growth is projected to and are not unique to Cambridgeshire more effective ways of working between the
new jobs by 2036, with an emphasis on towns in the area beginning in 2018. consist of in-migration, a sign of the area’s and Peterborough. local planning authorities and other partners.
technology and innovation, advanced
economic strengths and attractiveness to
manufacturing and engineering, incubator Strategic Spatial Objective 1:
Strategic Spatial Objective 2: those seeking work 1. The structure of the housebuilding industry, In tandem with this, the Combined Authority
space for start-up businesses and
The Combined Authority will work with its delivery models and degree of competition will work with partners to ensure that
grow-on space for small and medium- Beginning in 2018 the Combined Authority As a result, adopted, submitted, or about tobe
the local planning authorities and new are national issues that have been raised by important policy objectives are met. With
sized businesses. will roll out the Market Towns Masterplan submitted Local Plans include allocations and
Business Board to ensure the effective government in planning reforms proposed regard to housing this includes building
for Growth initiative to other market towns allowances for over 100,000 new homes to 2036. under the White Paper, Fixing our Broken more affordable homes as a key element of
Alconbury's location between Cambridge delivery of the strategic employment
and Peterborough will help to enhance locations identified in Local Plans and with the support of local authorities. Cambridge and Peterborough are both in the Housing Market. achieving growth that is economically and
the economic linkages between the economic strategies, including the These will complement proposals set top ten cities nationally for housing growth 2. socially inclusive.
complementary business clusters in designated Alconbury and Cambridge out in Local Plans. However, latest figures indicate planning Working with the local planning authorities
and around the two cities. Compass Enterprise Zones. permissions for 28,507 new homes in the Combined Authority has identified a
Cambridgeshire but only 3,236 (11%) under number of areas where intervention and
The Cambridge Compass Enterprise Zone
construction 3; while for Peterborough there support will help enable more effective
comprises a number of existing, new and
were over 8,188 permitted new homes housing delivery and achievement of policy
expanding employment locations: Lancaster
where construction had not started 4. objectives.
Way, Ely; Cambourne Business Park;
Cambridge Research Park, Waterbeach;
1 For example, around 84% of population growth
the new town of Northstowe; and Haverhill in adopted and emerging plans in Cambridgeshire
Research Park in Suffolk. is derived from economic migration rather than natural
change through births and deaths (Cambridgeshire and
Peterborough Memorandum of Cooperation, 2013).
2 Centre for Cities in Cities Outlook 2018, Table 14.
3 Research and Monitoring figures, Business
Intelligence, Cambridgeshire County Council.
4 Annual Monitoring Report 2017, Peterborough
City Council.
20 21Spalding King’s Lynn
FIGURE 4: STRATEGIC DEVELOPMENT
STRATEGIC SITES
SITES IN EXISTING LOCAL PLANS
Indicative
Site number of Timescale
Wisbech 4 homes
The current development strategy in adopted In addition to these allocated sites, the 1) Hampton urban extension 3,632 By 2036
and emerging Local Plans includes proposals Devolution Deal with government refers to 2) Great Haddon urban extension 5,300 By 2036
for expansion of the area’s cities and towns, a potential new settlement in Fenland based 3 3) Norwood 2,300 By 2036
Downham Market
as well as an unprecedented number of on garden town principles; and a new 4) Wisbech 2,300 (550 in By 2031
new settlements. Community Land Trust Scheme at Kennett Peterborough King's Lynn &
West Norfolk)
in East Cambridgeshire. 5 March
These strategic sites 1 will provide over 1 5) March 3,100 By 2031
74,000 new homes 2, making a significant The Combined Authority will consider, 2 6) Chatteris 1,400 By 2031
contribution to the overall housing target. where necessary, how best it can support 7) Ely (north) 3,000 By 2031
As such, their successful implementation is the delivery of these and other development 8) Littleport 1,850 By 2036
critical to meeting the area’s growth needs. sites, including addressing systemic Chatteris 8
Littleport 9) Soham 2,100 By 2036
or infrastructure challenges and using Ramsey 6
Figure 4 below sets out, in broad terms, the 10) Alconbury Weald 5,000 By 2036
investment, influencing opportunities and Ely 7 11) Ermine Street (south), 1,050 By 2036
strategic sites. However, it should be noted other practical support as necessary. Huntingdon
that the figures in the table are, to the best
of the Combined Authority’s knowledge, 12) St Neots East (Wintringham WP: 2,800 By 2036
10 Park and Loves Farm 2) LF2: 1,020
accurate and up to date, though if any St Ives
Huntingdon 11 9 Soham 13) Cambourne West 1,655 / 935 By 2031 Post 2031
discrepancy does arise, the figures below
14) Bourn Airfield New Village 1,360 / 2,140 By 2031 Post 2031
do not in any way override policy set out in
Local Plans for the area. 15) Northstowe 3,203 / 6,784 By 2031 Post 2031
15 16 16) Waterbeach New Town 2,300 / 6,700 By 2031 Post 2031
17) Cambridge North-West 2,927 By 2031
St Neots 19 Newmarket (University site)
18
13 20 18) NIAB (Darwin Green) 2,377 / 250 By 2031 Post 2031
12 14 17
21 19) Cambridge Northern Fringe Potential for Unknown
Cambridge East (APP) 7,600
Bedford 22 20) Cambridge East (north of 1,300 By 2031
1 For the purposes of this framework, sites or groups of Newmarket Road)
sites in close proximity which will provide 1,000 or more
homes included in adopted plans or draft plans which 21) Cambridge East (north of 1,257 By 2031
have been submitted for examination. KEY Cherry Hinton)
Haverhill
2 This is the total indicative figure including, in some 22) Cambridge Southern Fringe
cases, anticipated housing completions before and
Below 3000 homes
Trumpington Meadows 637 By 2031
after the end of the current local plan period.
Over 3000 homes Glebe Farm, Clay Farm & Bell School 996 By 2031
Royston
22 Saffron Walden 23LAND COMMISSION CHALLENGES These challenges have led to delays in some MORE EFFECTIVE To address these issues the Combined
Strategic Spatial Objective 3: development coming forward at strategic Authority intends to develop a Memorandum
A Land Commission has been established Despite national policy and the mutual development locations, or uncertainty Against this background, the Combined of Understanding between the Combined
to bring forward land that will contribute to The Combined Authority will work with interests involved in creating an effective Authority’s aim, working with partners, is to
about the timing of the necessary investment Authority, the constituent local planning
meeting the area’s growth needs. One of its the local planning authorities, developers, environment for utilities planning and establish more effective engagement and
in infrastructure. authorities and the key utilities providers.
key aims will be to identify specific challenges Homes England and other agencies provision, significant challenges persist communication with the relevant utilities
that are holding back the supply of private to ensure the effective delivery of the in achieving the desired outcomes. These include the need for grid reinforcement providers to identify, understand and act The MoU will define more effective ways of
and public land for key strategic development strategic housing sites identified in to provide more capacity to the Cambridge upon relevant planning and growth issues. partnership working between organisations,
sites in local plans. Local Plans. These include: southern cluster, which covers a number of setting out a commitment to share knowledge
development sites, including expansion of This includes: and information and engage proactively in the
The Commission will work with partners to This will include through its investment • A lack of co-ordination in spatial and
business planning cycles. the Cambridge Biomedical Campus. • Building a greater understanding between infrastructure planning work undertaken by
bring forward solutions to overcome these decisions, affordable housing investment,
organisations of aims, objectives, funding both local planning authorities and the utilities
barriers, including for sites where complex the work of the Land Commission • Different time periods covered by the In that case the necessary infrastructure
and regulatory requirements. providers, to ensure the more timely delivery
multiple ownership issues exist and land and other practical support where the respective plans of local authorities upgrades should have been understood of the infrastructure required to support the
assembly solutions are needed. Combined Authority can assist local and utilities providers. and implemented much earlier in the • Building a shared evidence base to better development strategy.
authorities or facilitate other development process. understand the scale, volume and nature
With regard to the potential development external inputs. • The fact that different utilities are
locations outlined in the Devolution Deal, the Another example involves the need for a new of the infrastructure needed to support
governed by specific legislative provisions current and future growth strategies. Strategic Spatial Objective 4:
Combined Authority will work with partners and regulation, with a lack of effective water recycling facility to serve the new town
on feasibility 1, assessing infrastructure needs engagement between organisations. at Waterbeach. • Ensuring that the strategic spatial planning Working with the local authorities and
UTILITIES
and deliverability. and delivery of utilities infrastructure energy, water and digital utilities providers,
• In certain areas market failure prevents While scoping work has been undertaken
is aligned and co-ordinated as far as the Combined Authority will develop a
However, it will be for the local planning services being available in a timely and the need for infrastructure identified,
possible with the utilities providers’ Memorandum of Understanding that will
authorities to assess these and other sites manner to meet business and the timing of investment is uncertain.
business investment and infrastructure set out new, agreed ways of working to
that might come forward through the relevant consumer needs. achieve more timely and effective delivery
statutory planning processes. Provision of gas, electricity, digital plans.
of utilities infrastructure.
connectivity and communications, water
supply, as well as managing waste water,
is fundamental to the functioning of new
buildings and places.
Legislation governs the provision of these
essential utilities, while regulators oversee
business planning and practices in the
interests of consumers.
1 For example, £6.5m funding has been provided for
feasibility work on the Wisbech Garden Town project.
24 25VIABILITY ACCESS TO A GOOD JOB WITHIN EASY REACH OF HOME
The Combined Authority recognises that HEALTH AND CARE Better connecting the whole of • The A428, which has seen a 43% increase There has been strong growth in rail travel
pursuing sustainable development requires Strategic Spatial Objective 5: Cambridgeshire and Peterborough has the in traffic since 2001. The stretch between in recent years. Consequently, enhanced
careful attention to viability. Infrastructure The Combined Authority recognises the potential to reduce congestion and journey the A1 and A1198 is the only section of frequency of trains and greater track and
Through the development of this Strategic need for a more co-ordinated and proactive
planning and the delivery of mixed tenure times, provide greater travel choice, as well the strategic east-west route between carrying capacity is needed, including
Spatial Framework the Combined approach to providing health and care services.
housing is central to the plan-making process as providing access to new or expanding Cambridge and Milton Keynes that is enhanced frequency between Cambridge
Authority will support Local Planning
and creation of successful new communities. The levels of planned growth to 2036 provide growth locations. single carriageway. Highways England and Peterborough and London, increased
Authorities in their viability discussions
the opportunity to engage more effectively have consulted on dual carriageway track capacity at Ely and in the Cambridge
The primary model to deliver affordable with developers to ensure a consistent
on public health issues and ensure that the options; if consented the scheme is area, and improved frequencies on cross-
housing is through S106 agreements attached and fair approach is adopted. CURRENT CHALLENGES
necessary services and facilities are provided expected to commence in 2020 and country routes.
to planning permissions. More frequently provide additional road capacity, reduce
authorities in the Combined Authority area are for new and growing communities. Travel demand is expected to grow by 28% Road and rail challenges facing our area
congestion and delays and facilitate
seeing viability assessments used to justify AFFORDABLE HOUSING in Cambridge and 30% in Peterborough to
more reliable journey times. are also compounded by issues around
the reduction from the Local Authority policy Strategic Spatial Objective 6: 2031 1. Further growth will, therefore, need to public transport infrastructure, with many
The Government has provided £170 million be accompanied by investment in necessary
position in the quantum of affordable housing • The A47 is the most important east-west communities suffering from poor accessibility
additional funding for at least 2,500 new The Combined Authority will work with infrastructure improvements.
and it is evident that while there are principles route in the north of the area, carrying to public transport. A strategic approach
affordable homes, in recognition of the high the local authorities, housing partners,
in common, the approach to viability can vary up to 42,000 vehicles a day around needs to be taken to address this across
levels of growth and exceptional housing and health and care organisations, and Some of our main transport corridors are:
across the area. Peterborough and 22,000 vehicles a day the Combined Authority area.
market conditions across the area. other partners to ensure the effective • The A14, which is strategically significant on the single carriageway stretch around
This presents a real challenge to ensure the delivery of health-related infrastructure Wisbech. Significant levels of growth on the The lack of high speed fibre-optic broadband
A programme for delivering this new housing in connecting the east coast ports to
delivery of genuinely affordable housing, and services where the need for this route at Wisbech and King’s Lynn require access has been a constraint in recent years
is in development and will be reflected in the the midlands and beyond, as well as for
including affordable rented properties, in arises from planned growth. improvements to this strategic route. on economic growth, particularly in rural areas.
Combined Authority’s first Housing Strategy. the delivery of strategic developments
our region. In order to tackle the common
at Northstowe and Alconbury Weald.
challenge of delivering both infrastructure and The Authority will work closely with partners • The A10 is a strategic north-south route
Major improvements to address capacity
affordable housing, and to ensure a consistent including planning authorities, housing with significant capacity constraints. It
constraints are underway with completion
approach across the Combined Authority authorities, developers and Community Land serves Cambridge, the proposed new
expected in 2020.
Area, it is proposed that a single viability Trusts to ensure an integrated and effective town at Waterbeach and significant
approach is developed. approach to providing these new homes. growth north of Ely and at King’s Lynn.
This will also give developers certainty of what
is expected and can therefore be reflected
in the consideration of land allocations and
1 Modelled forecasts informed by growth and Department
negotiations with willing landowners. for Transport TEMPRO data.
26 27ADDRESSING THE CHALLENGES
GOVERNMENT INVESTMENT business and other partners in the corridor DIGITAL CONNECTIVITY
to ensure these infrastructure projects and
The Government has announced investment related growth are delivered. Connecting Cambridgeshire is an
in strategic transport infrastructure to support ambitious programme which is improving
its ambitions for the Cambridge, Milton Cambridgeshire and Peterborough’s
In early recognition of these challenges, The outputs of these studies will be Keynes and Oxford corridor. In its vision for LAND VALUE CAPTURE broadband, mobile and Wi-Fi coverage,
the Combined Authority has commissioned considered as part of the Authority’s on- Strategic Spatial Objective 7:
the corridor 1 the Government: The Mayor of Cambridgeshire and Peterborough whilst supporting online skills, business
a number of possible strategic transport going work to address strategic transport growth and technological innovation to meet
The Combined Authority will develop is clear that addressing disparities in wealth
projects which it believes have the potential and infrastructure solutions. In tandem • Commits to developing an Expressway future digital challenges.
and maintain a long-term investment and opportunities will only be achieved through
to deliver significant benefit to the area. with this the Authority has developed a of high-quality east-west roads between
programme of infrastructure projects, bold and imaginative thinking.
programme of transport studies and projects. Oxford and Cambridge, key elements of This is a coordinated approach to drive
These typically cover a large geography and including projects it seeks national
which will be built in the second Roads This includes innovative approaches to funding economic growth, help rural communities to
have been identified as: The intention is that this approach will support to deliver.
Investment Strategy period, from 2020 in support of the infrastructure that existing and thrive, improve health and well-being, and
develop into a long-term investment to 2025. make it easier for people to get online and
• A10 upgrade It will work with the highway authorities new communities need. Land Value Capture is
programme that will enable improved access public services.
and national agencies to ensure timely a mechanism that has the potential, if designed
• Strategic rail study connectivity and as a key enabler for job • Will establish an independent East West
and effective interventions to deliver in the right way, to unlock major infrastructure
creation, economic and housing growth. Rail Company, which will seek opportunities The Connecting Cambridgeshire partnership
• M11 extension strategic transport solutions. schemes of significant public benefit that
to accelerate delivery of the central section is led by Cambridgeshire County Council,
In September 2017 the Combined of East West rail between Bedford and otherwise would have had a prohibitive cost. working with local councils in Cambridgeshire
• A47 dualling This includes investment in strategic
Authority adopted the first version of the Cambridge, with the aim for passenger and Peterborough, BT, the Government’s
infrastructure; facilitating grant bids; There are a wide range of options and tools
• A505 corridor study Cambridgeshire and Peterborough Local services to begin by the mid-2020s. Broadband Delivery programme (BDUK) and
feasibility studies and business case under the banner of Land Value Capture
Transport Plan (LTP). partners in business, health and education
development; and working with and these will be carefully explored by the
• Oxford to Cambridge Expressway • Announces match-funding of up to £5
A more comprehensive, longer-term LTP government for timely delivery of Combined Authority to understand the most to achieve its aim of becoming the best
million of contributions for the development connected area in the country.
• East-West rail will be produced during 2018 and 2019, committed infrastructure projects. appropriate application for our area.
of plans for a Cambridge South station, with
alongside the development of the possible construction from the early 2020s. The programme has successfully
• Huntingdonshire third river crossing
spatial framework. completed the first phase of the superfast
• Wisbech Rail Connectivity and Wisbech • Is commissioning Network Rail to Strategic Spatial Objective 8:
At the core of this relationship will be the fibre broadband rollout and announced
Garden Town report by summer 2018 on rail growth Through the development of this Strategic follow-on phases to reach as many homes
need for the LTP to guide the investment in in Cambridgeshire up to 2043.
• Ely North rail junction improvements transport infrastructure that is needed to Spatial Framework, the Combined and businesses as possible across
meet the area’s growth ambitions. This investment is welcomed by the Authority will explore and put forward Cambridgeshire and Peterborough by 2020.
• Mass Rapid Transit Combined Authority and it will work proposals for Land Value Capture
mechanisms to unlock otherwise The Combined Authority will support this
proactively with government, local authorities, important initiative as a major element of its
unachievable development with the
aim of spreading wealth and opportunity aim of enhanced digital connectivity.
1 Helping the Cambridge, Milton Keynes and Oxford
corridor reach its potential. HM Government, more widely.
November 2017.
28 29ENVIRONMENTALLY SUSTAINABLE
There are significant parts of the area with The LNP’s vision is to work to achieve a high
poor access to high quality greenspace quality natural environment in Cambridgeshire
where people can exercise and enjoy the and Peterborough that will benefit business,
environment thereby improving physical and communities and individuals.
There is now strong evidence for the benefits domestic users are considered in advance summers predicted to lead to an increase mental health, which in turn will reduce health
expenditure and improve personal well-being A high level review of the current green
that the natural environment creates for of further planned growth. in heat related deaths 1. infrastructure strategies is being led by the
people and places. It provides many key and labour productivity.
The Environment Agency estimates that New development should be designed in LNP. It is also promoting the concept of
services for sustainable growth, including Existing wildlife sites are also under net gain in natural capital and biodiversity,
water quality, improved air quality, flood 34.5% of the area is at high risk of flooding a way that minimises the impact of our
in the absence of flood defences. Increased changing climate through the integration of considerable pressure as a result of greater which offers a means for ensuring that
management, pollination, climate change use by the public for recreational purposes all development contributes towards an
mitigation and adaptation. incidences of heavy rainfall will make flood green and blue infrastructure and through
risk more likely, while rising sea levels may ensuring that the risk of overheating is and by development. With additional enhanced natural environment that meets
The physical characteristics of also contribute to flood risk, particularly designed out of our buildings in ways that do population growth and people’s needs to future strategic needs, and provides multiple
Cambridgeshire and Peterborough make the affecting low-lying parts to the north of not increase reliance on energy and carbon visit and enjoy the natural environment, benefits for our economy and local people.
area vulnerable to climate change impacts. Cambridgeshire and eastern Peterborough 1. intensive means of cooling. these impacts are expected to worsen.
Water resources are particularly scarce Investment in strategic green infrastructure 1
Although much of the area is below sea level, Strategic Spatial Objective 10:
with rainfall only around a third of the UK can address these issues, whilst helping
average. If, as predicted, summers become significant flood and drainage infrastructure Strategic Spatial Objective 9: The Combined Authority will work with
that has evolved since the 1600s has to establish the county as a high quality
progressively warmer and drier, the large Through the development of this Strategic environment in which to live and work. One Defra, the Local Nature Partnership,
agricultural sector in the area may see an enabled the area to grow and prosper.
Spatial Framework, the Combined and local planning authorities to ensure
overall decrease in crop yields 1. The Combined Authority will need to work The Greater Cambridgeshire Local
Authority will work with the Environment that the updated green infrastructure
with all organisations involved in flood risk Nature Partnership (LNP) is an important
Agency, water companies, local planning strategies for the area and natural capital
Rivers and groundwater resources in much management to identify the need and ensure organisation for the Combined Authority to
authorities and other delivery agencies and biodiversity principles are reflected
of the area are heavily utilised for public the delivery of strategic flood and drainage work with to address these issues.
to assess the need for and delivery appropriately in the development of the
water supply, agriculture and other industry. infrastructure in the future.
of infrastructure to address future Strategic Spatial Framework. This will
Many of the rivers are over-licensed and this It brings together the local authorities with a
Heat in the built environment is also a priority environmental sustainability. Including include a particular focus on strategically
causes pressure on the natural environment. range of partner organisations which are key
risk for action identified in the UK Climate responding to our changing climate, both important sites and sites with valued
to the stewardship and enhancement of the
This highlights the importance of ensuring Change Risk Assessment, with hotter in terms of mitigation and adaptation. public access opportunities.
natural environment.
future water supplies to business and
1 Climate Change & Environment Strategy.
Cambridgeshire County Council, 2008; Climate 1 Green infrastructure is the sub-regional network
Change Strategy. Peterborough City Council, 2007. 1 For further information see www.gov.uk/government/ 1 Committee on Climate Change (2016). UK Climate of protected sites, nature reserves, green spaces and
Climate Change Strategy 2016-2021. Cambridge organisations/environment-agency and search for Change Risk Assessment 2017. Synthesis Report: greenway linkages, providing multi-functional uses such
City Council, 2016. flood risk maps. Priorities for the next five years. as wildlife habitat, recreation, and flood protection.
30 31You can also read
