Chelmsford Advanced Motorists - ZOOM The "Forward Vision" For Group Nights

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Chelmsford Advanced Motorists - ZOOM The "Forward Vision" For Group Nights
ZOOM ~ The “Forward Vision” For Group Nights

  Notice:- Chelmsford Group AGM

      Latest News:- Hydrogen Fuelled Electric Vehicles

                    Diagram Courtesy of Toyota

   Chelmsford Advanced Motorists

Issue 134
September 2020
Chelmsford Advanced Motorists - ZOOM The "Forward Vision" For Group Nights
Just One Hour a Day could make all the difference
      for someone who is vulnerable and needs our help

...and what did you do
during the pandemic?
                              Volunteer Drivers
                           For Patient Transfers
                              Urgently Needed

 Page 2         Chelmsford Advanced Motorists      Issue 134
Chelmsford Advanced Motorists - ZOOM The "Forward Vision" For Group Nights
Join the Chelmsford Group for our

               Annual General Meeting

            on September 14th at 19:00

            (That is 7pm in “old money”)

          for our Group Night via Zoom

                              Also featuring...

      Guest Speaker ~ Frank Ferguson

            “Anecdotes from an Older Driver”

Frank Ferguson (our Chelmsford Group secretary) has led an interesting life,
gaining a wealth of fascinating and amusing driving anecdotes during seventy
plus years of motoring, nearly sixty of them driving himself – starting with a
motorbike and progressing to cars long before the MoT test was introduced.

That takes us back to having to use ferries, at a time before many of today’s
estuarial crossing were built. For many years as a salesman he was driving up
to 30,000 miles a year, and his work took him all over the UK and Ireland as well
as to the Netherlands, Sweden, Germany France and Belgium.

   Page 3               Chelmsford Advanced Motorists                Issue 134
Chelmsford Advanced Motorists - ZOOM The "Forward Vision" For Group Nights
“In Touch” is evolving…
Now that most lockdown restrictions have been lifted and we all
adjust to the “new normal” and endeavour to get on with our lives; I
feel that our interim monthly magazine “In Touch” has fulfilled its
purpose in keeping our Members abreast of current news and
practical motoring and vehicle advice during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Consequently, “In Touch” will evolve into a simpler monthly
Newsletter via email with details of events and joining instructions for
Chelmsford Group ZOOM meetings and any other IAM RoadSmart
News as it occurs and we adapt to the future.

      Forthcoming Group Meetings
 Group Nights are currently being held virtually via
  ZOOM meetings during the COVID-19 pandemic
                 until further notice.
 Group Meetings start promptly at 7pm, so please
join at around 6.45pm by clicking on this hyperlink
       https://us02web.zoom.us/j/7710298290
       and entering the PassCode: chelmsford
   Associates, Full Members & Guests Welcome
        Date                           Organisation/Topic                                   Speaker
                                                                                         Group AGM &
    14/09/2020                      ZOOM Virtual Group Night
                                                                                        Frank Ferguson
                                                                                         Chris Taylor ~
    12/10/2020                      ZOOM Virtual Group Night
                                                                                         Vehicle Safety
                                                                                         Chris Smith ~
    09/11/2020                      ZOOM Virtual Group Night
         Make a note in your diary and please beIAM Examiner
                                                  there!
    14/12/2020                      ZOOM Virtual Group Night                                    TBA
Disclaimer—Please note that the views and opinions expressed in this House Magazine are those of the
individual writers and they do not necessarily reflect those of the Institute of Advanced Motorists, nor those of
the Chelmsford and District Group of Advanced Motorists. Their accuracy has not been verified.
Notice—Data Protection Act: records are held of members personal details submitted on their application
form. The information will be used solely for the Group’s administration purposes and will not be passed to
any third party. A copy of an individual’s data held is available to them free of charge upon written request.
   To comply with General Data Protection Rules (GDPR) the House Magazine does not publish Personal
       Information including Contact Details unless explicit consent has been provided by the individual.
   Please contact other Committee Members or Observers via the Group Contact Number or Email.

     Page 4                      Chelmsford Advanced Motorists                                  Issue 134
Chelmsford Advanced Motorists - ZOOM The "Forward Vision" For Group Nights
Group Contact Information
 Telephone: 07757 399897 - Email: enquiries@iamchelmsford.org.uk

     IAM RoadSmart Chelmsford Group
                                 Honorary Life Members
           Mr Mike Corbett, Mr Glyn Jarrett, Mrs Ruth Jarrett, Mr Dave Travers,
        Mr Colin Snow, Mr Scott Bannister, Mrs Gaynor Manthorpe, Mr John Stone.

Chairman                                                      Rak Rehal
Vice Chairman                                                 Richard Sneader
Secretary                                                     Frank Ferguson
Treasurer                                                     John Johnston
Membership Secretary                                          Mick Gilbert
Chief Observer & Associates Co-ordinator                      Graham Lowe
Training Officer                                              Pat Clements
Editor “Forward Vision” & Data Controller                     Simon Bolingbroke
Speakers Co-ordinator & Young Drivers                         Terry Hyland
External Events Organiser & Marketing                         Malcolm Kentish
Group Contact & Website                                       Terry Joyce
Committee Member & EPSA Contact                               Ken Howard
Committee Member                                              John Ockmore
Committee Member                                              Richard Young

                                    Observers
Pat Clements            Terry Joyce                 John Ockmore              John Tullett

Mark Criddle            Michael Klaber              Glen Olley                Rob Wise

Paul Hill               Graham Lowe                 Norman Smith              Richard Young

Brian Hudspith          Chris Pond                  Richard Sneader

Are you interested in becoming an Observer? Contact Pat Clements on 01245 223427

      Chelmsford Group Contact Telephone Number - 07757 399897
Chelmsford Group Contact Email Address - enquiries@iamchelmsford.org.uk
               Chairman: rakrehal@aol.com - Editor: simon.bolingbroke@btinternet.com

       Chief Observer: lowe.graham@tiscali.co.uk - Training Officer: pat.clements24@gmail.com
 Please contact other Committee Members or Observers via the Group Contact Number or Email.

   Page 5                   Chelmsford Advanced Motorists                               Issue 134
Chelmsford Advanced Motorists - ZOOM The "Forward Vision" For Group Nights
~~~~~~~~ Editorial ~~~~~~~~
Greetings to all Members and Associates,
This has been a particularly difficult Issue of Forward Vision to put together for this
quarter and I have completed, or at least started, several articles which for one
reason or another have needed to be scrapped due to five main factors...
First, any article which has attempted to give Members and Associates any form of
consolidated and competent advice in respect of the pandemic has been re-written
so many times as Government rules and regulations have changed that frankly, I
have given up trying to consider all the implications and exceptions for fear of
misleading you all simply because it could all change again within the next week.
Second, in most respects there is almost no news on the Motoring front except, yet
again, conflicting information. We have heard from Government that on one hand the
National Speed Limit (70 mph on Motorways and Dual Carriageways) “may” be
increased to 80 mph to ease congestion; and on the other hand “may” be reduced to
60 mph as a trial to limit NO2 (Nitrogen Dioxide) levels and reduce pollution.
Third, I subscribe to a very broad selection of the Motoring Media to keep abreast of
what is happening and even here, most publications are so short of meaningful news
that they are publishing purely speculative articles on what may happen far in the
future and mainly leading with what models the manufacturers may have in the
pipeline way down the road. In fact, the one solid piece of news is that Mitsubishi are
completely withdrawing all new models from the European markets and closing
Dealerships although they will maintain Parts and Service for existing models.
The Fourth reason is even more bizarre in that because of the huge backlog within
the Justice system caused by the pandemic; several items I wished to comment
upon are Sub Judice and likely to remain so for many, many months to come.
The Fifth reason is that my involvement as a Community First Responder and the
time commitment necessary has increased dramatically because...
a)    many Volunteers have returned to work leaving us short of manpower;
b)    other Volunteers are starting to experience “Compassion Fatigue” and no longer
      want to make this commitment;
c)    the original necessary re-distribution of services within the NHS due to the
      pandemic requiring an evolving emphasis on catch-up of traditional treatments
      and procedures; and,
d)    the restrictions upon carrying multiple patients within the regular and auxiliary
      Ambulance Services has placed enormous strain and congestion upon an
      already overworked system.

     Page 6               Chelmsford Advanced Motorists                   Issue 134
Chelmsford Advanced Motorists - ZOOM The "Forward Vision" For Group Nights
...Continued
Consequently, for me personally, I am currently travelling around 2,000 miles a month
throughout Essex engaged upon Patient, Medication, and Medical Equipment
Transfers; SafeGuarding Visits; and any other Emergency Tasks that arise on a day-
to-day basis, including unexpected attendance at RTCs with a total time commitment
of over 4,000 hours since the pandemic started.
Not all our Volunteers can make this level of commitment and many keep the system
running by committing to transport one particular patient to one particular regular
Hospital or Clinic appointment and home again each week on a regular basis. These
types of transfers typically last no longer than two hours including the round trip
journey and typically a 15 minute treatment time.
The resurgence of COVID-19 infections means that the most vulnerable in our society
living alone and without adequate means or support could result in them missing vital
appointments for Hospital and Clinic Procedures or Treatments for other conditions
and illnesses due to further lock-down restrictions and Social Isolating.
There are hyperlinks on page 2 leading to full details if you would like to know more
about volunteering and you are willing to spare a little of your time each week to help
others.
Alternatively, you can email me and I can place you directly in touch with the
Volunteer Co-ordinator who will answer all of your questions and explain exactly what
is involved and agree the level of the commitment you are prepared to make.
                                     *   *   *   *   *
For all the reasons given above, the interim monthly magazine “In Touch” is evolving
into a Newsletter and will no longer be a monthly magazine.
I feel that “In Touch” in its past form has fulfilled its purpose from the pandemic outset
by distributing a lot of information and news quickly to Members and Associates.
However, I now believe that an “as required” published email will be far more flexible
and responsive in communicating necessary information that is accurate and relevant
to our ever changing situation when appropriate.
You will continue to receive “In Touch” as an email (rather than a link to a magazine)
which will provide you with latest news and relevant details of forthcoming events.
                                     *   *   *   *   *

Stay Alert. Control the Virus. Save Lives, & Drive Safely,

Simon Bolingbroke

    Page 7                Chelmsford Advanced Motorists                     Issue 134
Chelmsford Advanced Motorists - ZOOM The "Forward Vision" For Group Nights
The Chelmsford & District Group of Advanced Motorists
    24th Annual General Meeting – Monday 14th September 2020 at 7.00 p.m.
          NOTE :- This meeting will be conducted remotely using Zoom.
    Details about how to join the meeting will be issued by Simon Bolingbroke nearer the time.

                                            Agenda
Apologies for absence
Minutes of the last meeting (AGM on 8th July 2019) are published herewith
Matters arising from the Minutes
Reports from the Chairman and Treasurer.
               These are published in this edition of Forward Vision
Financial Report for year ended March 31st, 2020, published herewith.
Election of Officers
The following Group Officers retire and offer themselves for re-election.
    Rak Rehal – Chairman                            Richard Sneader – Vice Chairman
    Frank Ferguson – Secretary                      John Johnston – Treasurer
Election of Committee Members
The following Committee Members retire by rotation and offer themselves for re-
election:-
    Mick Gilbert, Malcolm Kentish, John Ockmore.
Nominations from full members are invited for the above positions.
Nomination forms are available from the group secretary and anyone wishing to make
a nomination must send their signed and seconded nomination form to the secretary
to be received by September 5th. (This can be by e-mail or post)
Any Other Business

Frank Ferguson Group Secretary

E: frank@quidni.co.uk
T: 01268 546 444 #5
M: 07966 763 042

PLEASE NOTE: It will be helpful if members wishing to raise questions about any
matter would put their question to me in advance of the meeting so that an answer
can be available.
A system of electronic voting will be in use on the night.

    Page 8                  Chelmsford Advanced Motorists                           Issue 134
Chelmsford Advanced Motorists - ZOOM The "Forward Vision" For Group Nights
Chelmsford & District Group of Advanced Motorists

          Minutes of the 23rd Annual General Meeting 2019 held on 8 July
                   At the Essex Police Sports & Social Club, Chelmsford, Essex
                                The meeting commenced at 20:00.

Apologies for absence - Richard Sneader & Graham Lowe.

Adoption of the Minutes.

Minutes of the previous AGM were accepted. – the motion to accept the Minutes was proposed by
Rak Rehal & seconded by Colin Snow and was passed without objection.

Matters Arising

There were no matters arising from the Minutes.

Reports from the Chairman, Secretary, Membership Secretary, Treasurer & Chief Observer.

These were published in the June edition of Forward Vision. A question was raised about why the
Chief Observers Report covered a period of only four months instead of twelve. It was noted that
this report did not normally form part of the reports required for the AGM but was a report which was
provided to the committee on a bi-monthly basis. The motion to accept the reports (noting that
proviso) was proposed by Steve Wright & seconded by Pat Clements and was passed without
objection.

Financial Report for year ended 31 March 2018.

The accounts were published in the June edition of Forward Vision. The motion to accept the
accounts was proposed by Frank Ferguson and seconded by Chris Gardner and was passed
without objection.

Election of Officers

The Chairman (Rak Rehal), Vice Chairman (Richard Sneader), Secretary (Frank Ferguson) and
Treasurer (John Johnston) all retire and offer themselves for re-election. In the absence of any
other nominations, all four were elected unopposed as follows:-

Chairman – Rak Rehal. Proposed by Frank Ferguson and seconded by Malcolm Kentish.
Vice Chairman – Richard Sneader. Proposed by Terry Joyce and seconded by Colin Snow.
Secretary – Frank Ferguson. Proposed by John Johnston and seconded by Martine Compton.
Treasurer – John Johnston. Proposed by Steve Wright and seconded by Malcolm Kentish.

Election of Committee Members

As dictated by the rules, approximately one third of ordinary Committee members retire each year
by rotation. Those retiring this year are Pat Clements, Dagmar Hampton, Ken Howard, Terry Joyce
and Graham Lowe. All offered themselves for re-election. In the absence of any other nominations,
all were re-elected unopposed. The motion was proposed by Martine Compton and seconded by
John Johnston.

Any Other Business

There was no other business

The meeting closed at 20:24.                               Prepared by FF 11/07/2019

    Page 9                     Chelmsford Advanced Motorists                          Issue 134
Chelmsford Advanced Motorists - ZOOM The "Forward Vision" For Group Nights
Chair’s Report for the Annual General Meeting 2020

Our AGM this year will clearly be different to normal as we will be conducting it
virtually via a Zoom video-conference. Prior to the AGM we will of course be holding
our Group Nights by the same medium.

As usual, we have had a busy year in our Group and have focused most importantly
on training (Observing) people to give them valuable advanced driving skills. Our
mandate is to “make better riders and drivers” and at the end of the day make the
roads a safer place. I still passionately believe that through our actions each one of
us has made some tangible difference; so well done and let us all feel really good
about that.

Even though we always have plenty of people waiting to join us we still attend a
number of events to get the word out of who we are, what we do, and talk to the
general public to explain the benefits of IAM Observed Driving, including the offer of a
“free taster drive” and if people feel appropriate taking a test as well.

We have great Group Nights with some excellent, entertaining and thought provoking
speakers and the Committee will keep arranging this. As these events are for all of
us, we would be really interested in subjects you would like us to cover as well as
introducing us to people you think the Group would like to hear from.

I am sure you would all like to join me in giving my thanks to all the Committee
Members who work tirelessly behind the scenes to keep Chelmsford IAM as active as
it is, and of course special thanks to all our voluntary Observers.

We are always looking for new Committee Members to help and support the Group,
so if you would like to get more involved please let us know. Any additional support is
always appreciated and welcome.

At the end of this year Graham, our Chief Observer would like to relinquish that role,
so we are now on the look-out for his replacement. I think you would all agree on
what an outstanding job Graham has done and he will clearly be “big shoes to fill”.

Looking forward, the next year will clearly be different following the current COVID-19
pandemic, but at the moment it’s difficult to say exactly how. As a Group we will keep
focusing on our mandate to “make better riders and drivers” in whatever the “new
normal” is.

You will have heard us talk about an initiative to get better engaged with younger
drivers, as soon as we can after they have passed their driving test, and this clearly is
still a priority for us.
Finally, the usual request from me to everyone, please get in touch with me or any
Committee member on anything that is on your mind.

Regards,

Rak Rehal
Group Chair, Chelmsford IAM RoadSmart

   Page 10                Chelmsford Advanced Motorists                    Issue 134
The Chelmsford & District Group of Advanced Motorists

                                   Treasurer’s Report

The Group’s accounts for the year ended the 31 March 2020 are set out together with
the figures for 2018/19.

This year there was a deficit in income against expenditure of £846.00. The bulk of
this was due to a significant increase in the cost of telephone and postage, the
committee took the decision to purchase sufficient stamps to cover the posting of
Forward Vision for at least the next 12 months before the recent increase in the cost
of stamps.

As you are aware as members you are being encouraged to receive this magazine
electronically for as well as reducing the Group’s costs, with all the links now
incorporated into the publication it is a better package. However those that still wish to
receive a copy in the post this option will continue to be available..

Other highlights of the accounts
    income from new associates is reduced, no doubt reflecting the economic climate
    before the current situation. It can be expected that the income from this source
    will be lower for the next 12 months due to the Groups inability to undertake
    observer drives.
    general room and admin costs are lower for as a committee we have maintained
    a control on expenditure and will continue to do so.

The financial position of the Group is still strong and it has assets in the Charity
account of £11,715.29 . In view of this, at the moment it is not considered a need for
those that are making the £10 per annum donation to the Group by standing order to
be asked to increase this figure. The situation in respect of those who pay by cheque
is continually under review as with the closure of our Bank’s local branch, dealing with
cheques becomes more expensive. It would be helpful to the Group if everybody has
a standing order, so if you do not, please reconsider your decision.

It is the wish of the Charity Commission that we do not retain a high level of assets as
they should be used by the Charity. To comply with this requirement the committee of
the Group is continually looking at further ways of using the funds we have to promote
our objectives.

In respect of the Social Account, there was a small deficit last year which was caused
by payments to speakers, significant costs at the December meeting and the balance
to be carried forward is £3,470.76

I am pleased to advise you that the Group’s accounts for the year ended 31 March
2020 have been reviewed by an Independent Examiner and they have received a
Clean Bill of Health.

John Johnston
Honorary Treasurer

   Page 11                Chelmsford Advanced Motorists                     Issue 134
Chelmsford & District Group Institute of Advanced Motorists

Income & Expenditure account for the year to 31 March 2020

Income                                               year ending 31/03/2020                year ending 31/3/2019
Gift Aid                                                                                        £1,348.50
Full Member Renewals                                         £2,735.00                         £2,750.00
Associate member joining fees                                  £899.00                         £1,240.00
4x4 days                                                       £700.00
Skid pan
Newsletter
Book Sales
Donations                                                       £70.00
                                                                           £4,404.00                       £5,338.50

Expenditure
Other                                                          £526.81                         £1,495.43
Books
General admin & room hire                                      £575.79                         £1,038.78
Telephone & Postage                                          £1,101.36                           £596.58
Printing & Stationary                                          £343.51                           £179.49
Travel                                                         £548.33                           £340.50
4x4 Days                                                       £761.20
Skid Pan
Newsletter                                                   £1,393.00     £5,250.00           £1,378.60    £5,029.38
Surplus for year                                                              -£846.00                       £309.12

General Fund Balance brought forward                                       £4,513.27                        £4,204.15
Surplus for year on activities                                                -£846.00                       £309.12
General Fund Balance carried forward                                       £3,667.27                        £4,513.27
General Fund Balance carried forward                                       £3,667.27                        £4,513.27
Capital Assets
Virgin Deposit brought forward                               £7,988.00                         £7,943.28
Interest 2019/2020                                              £60.02     £8,048.02              £44.72    £7,988.00
Total Assets                                                              £11,715.29                       £12,501.27

Social Fund brought forward                                                £3,586.53                        £3,655.27
Income                                                                        £803.95                        £666.50
Expenditure                                                                   -£919.72                       -£735.24
                                                                           £3,470.76                        £3,586.53

     Page 12                        Chelmsford Advanced Motorists                                  Issue 134
“Paws” for Thought!

  The DIY Caption Section…
Note: All references to “Ruff” Riding and
“Dogging” have already been thought of
      by the Editor and Censored!
Page 13    Chelmsford Advanced Motorists   Issue 134
Hyperion unveils hydrogen-powered car that can hit
    220mph and go more than 1,000 miles on a single tank
                                          The XP-1 goes from 0 to 60mph
                                      in 2.2 seconds and takes only
                                      minutes to refuel.
                                          Aerodynamic     solar   panels
m                                     change position with the trajectory
                                      of the sun.
                                          Hydrogen energy is renewable
                                      and doesn't produce harmful
                                      emissions but it's difficult and
                                      expensive to produce.

    Only 300 cars are being manufactured for the XP-1's initial rollout in
    2022.
    A US automaker has unveiled a new hydrogen-powered 'supercar'
    that can go more than 1,000 miles without needing to refuel.

                                      The XP-1 from Hyperion revs up
                                      from zero to 60mph in a staggering
                                      2.2 seconds, its manufacturer
                                      claims, reaching a top speed of
                                      more than 221mph - and the only
                                      thing it emits is water vapour.

    The high-tech roadster is the product of nearly a decade of
    development, with all-wheel drive and a three-speed transmission.

    When it rolls off the assembly line in 2022, it will join several other
    hydrogen-powered autos on the market, including the Honda Clarity,
    Toyota Mirai, and Hyundai Nexo.

    Aerodynamic elements behind the swing-up doors help with high-
    speed cornering and double as solar panels that can change position
    to match the trajectory of the sun. Inside the cabin, a 98-inch curved
    screen provides touch-free gesture controls and a wraparound glass
    canopy offers 360-degree view of the outside world.

    Powered by hydrogen, the XP-1 is whisper-quiet compared to the
    latest gas guzzlers.

      Page 14            Chelmsford Advanced Motorists          Issue 134
And it only needs a few minutes to refuel - far faster than the hours
and hours a Tesla takes to completely charge up.

                                    Hydrogen-fueled cars are also less
                                    finicky in cold weather than their
                                    electric counterparts.
                                    And the XP-1 stores energy in
                                    carbon fiber tanks rather than a
                                    hefty lithium-ion battery.

That - and its lightweight carbon-titanium chassis - keeps its weight
down to a trim 2,275 pounds.
Hyperion hasn't disclosed the XP-1's sticker price, but it's likely to be
in the high six figures, Tech Xplore reports.
Unlike fossil fuels, hydrogen is readily available, renewable, and
doesn't produce carbon monoxide and other harmful emissions.
But separating hydrogen from oxygen is a laborious process that
requires non-renewable resources like coal or natural gas. That
undercuts its selling point as an environmentally friendly alternative.
                                    Hydrogen is also highly flammable.
                                    Just ask anyone aboard the
                                    Hindenburg. Hyperion CEO Angelo
                                    Kafantaris insists the California-
                                    based company has conquered the
                                    safety issue. 'You can throw our
                                    tanks off a building or shoot them
                                    with a high-powered rifle. They
                                    won't rupture,' he said.
Still, hydrogen's volatility makes it tricky to transport.
And while the XP-1 is incredibly efficient, it will need to refuel at some
point.

  Page 15             Chelmsford Advanced Motorists            Issue 134
Right now there are only about 75 hydrogen fueling stations in North
America, and more than half of them are in California.
Hyperion says it plans to construct a network of stations in the
coming years.
                                     Don't expect to see the XP-1 in
                                     your supermarket parking lot
                                     anytime soon, though. Only an
                                     extremely limited run of 300
                                     cars are planned for the initial
                                     rollout.
                                     The big picture, says Kafantaris,
                                     is promoting hydrogen as a safe
                                     and efficient fuel source.
'The XP-1 was partially designed to function as an educational tool
for the masses,' says Kafantaris.
                                    'Aerospace engineers have long
                                    understood the advantages of
                                    hydrogen as the most abundant,
                                    lightest element in the universe
                                    and now, with this vehicle,
                                    consumers will experience its
                                    extraordinary value proposition.'
                                    Editor’s Note: Readers will recall
                                    that I extensively covered HFEV
                                    vehicles in the September 2019
                                    Issue #130 of “Forward Vision”
                                    and that I predicted then that the
                                    “real future” for sustainable
                                    Industrial & Construction Plant,
                                    Agricultural, Long Distance and
                                    Heavy Commercial Vehicles, as
                                    well as Buses and many other
                                    Motor Vehicles including Cars
                                    would be oriented towards HFEV
                                    engines rather than Batteries.

  Page 16           Chelmsford Advanced Motorists          Issue 134
HOW DO HYDROGEN FUEL CELLS WORK?
Hydrogen fuel cells create electricity to power a battery and motor by
mixing hydrogen and oxygen in specially treated plates, which are
combined to form the fuel cell stack.
Fuel cell stacks and batteries have allowed engineers to significantly
shrink these components to even fit neatly inside a family car, alt-
hough they are also commonly used to fuel buses and other larger
vehicles.
Oxygen is collected from the air through intakes, usually in the grille,
and hydrogen is stored in aluminium-lined fuel tanks, which automati-
cally seal in an accident to prevent leaks.
These ingredients are fused, releasing usable electricity and water as
by-products and making the technology one of the quietest and most
environmentally friendly available.
Reducing the amount of platinum used in the stack has made fuel
cells less expensive, but the use of the rare metal has restricted the
spread of their use.
Recent research has suggested hydrogen fuel cell cars could one day
challenge electric cars in the race for pollution-free roads, however -
but only if more stations are built to fuel them.
Fuel cell cars can be refueled as quickly as gasoline-powered cars
and can also travel further between fill-ups.
Fuelling stations cost up to $2 million to build, so companies have
been reluctant to build them unless more fuel cell cars are on the
road.
The U.S. Department of Energy lists just 34 public hydrogen fuelling
stations in the country; all but three are in California.
According to Information Trends, there were 6,475 FCV's worldwide at
the end of 2017.
More than half were registered in California, which puts the U.S. (53
per cent) at the forefront for FCV adoption.
Japan takes second place with 38 per cent, while Europe is at nine
per cent.

  Page 17            Chelmsford Advanced Motorists           Issue 134
Internet Resources
       ( Submit useful Web Sites or Video with Web Address to the Editor )

There is something for Everyone…

“Forward Vision” Back Issues
FV Issue #130 September 2019 - FCEV Hydrogen Cars Explained Special
FV Issue #131 December 2019 - BEV Cars / Creeping Technology Special
FV Issue #132 March 2020 - Hybrid Cars & Spacesavers Explained / Bad Drivers

The Highway Code… Updated as of 20 August 2019 Here Main Index and
Search.

Live Traffic Alerts for England, Scotland, and Wales
The Traffic England interactive map is particularly useful with selectable Map Layers.

All DVLA Resources… Home page for DVLA Services Here

The DVLA continue to add new ways to do everything online or get information.
Get MOT Reminders ~ Get a DVLA Text or Email Reminder for your MoT.
Check a Car’s MoT & Recall History ~ Check MoT and Outstanding Recall History.

Battery Electric Vehicles (BEVs)…

Confused about Cables? BEV Charging Cables explained and where to get them.
Find a Charging Point ~ Use ZAP MAP to find Charging Points and plan journeys.

Driving Skills Videos and Resources…

IAM RoadSmart resources ~ Tips and blogs
IAM RoadSmart more resources ~ Policies and Manifesto

1stDrive.com ~ Lessons, Tests, Show Me/Tell Me, Motorway (Search also YouTube )
RegLocal.com ~ A series of videos on all aspects of Driving (Search also YouTube )

UK Government information and Law…

Child car seats: The Law ~ When a child car seat or booster seat is required or not.
Driving with medical conditions, Blue Badges and public transport if you're disabled
Penalty points, fines and driving bans
Driving licences
Vehicle tax, MOT and insurance
Number plates, vehicle registration and log books
Buy, sell or scrap a vehicle
Vehicle and driver data and information
Driving in the UK and abroad

NextBase ~ Caught an incident on DashCam or another Device? Submit to your Local Police

Safer Essex Road Partnership (SERP)

   Page 18                 Chelmsford Advanced Motorists                       Issue 134
Page 19   Chelmsford Advanced Motorists   Issue 134
Advanced Drivers
                 are not just the
            Best Drivers on the Road
              They have Fun too!

Page 20   Chelmsford Advanced Motorists   Issue 134
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