Modern Languages in the Enterprise - Joran Siu IBM Runtime Technologies zCouncil - Phoenix, AZ Feb 28, 2018 - IBM Z Customer ...
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Modern Languages in the Enterprise Joran Siu IBM Runtime Technologies joransiu@ca.ibm.com zCouncil – Phoenix, AZ Feb 28, 2018
Please note
IBM’s statements regarding its plans, directions, and intent are subject to change
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Information regarding potential future products is intended to outline our general
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potential future products may not be incorporated into any contract.
The development, release, and timing of any future features or functionality described for
our products remains at our sole discretion.
Performance is based on measurements and projections using standard IBM benchmarks
in a controlled environment. The actual throughput or performance that any user will
experience will vary depending upon many factors, including considerations such as the
amount of multiprogramming in the user’s job stream, the I/O configuration, the storage
configuration, and the workload processed. Therefore, no assurance can be given that an
individual user will achieve results similar to those stated here.
2
Notices and disclaimers
© 2018 International Business Machines Corporation. No part of this Performance data contained herein was generally obtained in a
document may be reproduced or transmitted in any form without controlled, isolated environments. Customer examples are presented as
written permission from IBM. illustrations of how those
U.S. Government Users Restricted Rights — use, duplication or customers have used IBM products and the results they may have
disclosure restricted by GSA ADP Schedule Contract with IBM. achieved. Actual performance, cost, savings or other results in other
Information in these presentations (including information relating to operating environments may vary.
products that have not yet been announced by IBM) has been reviewed References in this document to IBM products, programs, or services
for accuracy as of the date of initial publication and could include does not imply that IBM intends to make such products, programs or
unintentional technical or typographical errors. IBM shall have no services available in all countries in which IBM operates or does
responsibility to update this information. This document is distributed business.
“as is” without any warranty, either express or implied. In no event, Workshops, sessions and associated materials may have been prepared
shall IBM be liable for any damage arising from the use of this by independent session speakers, and do not necessarily reflect the
information, including but not limited to, loss of data, business views of IBM. All materials and discussions are provided for
interruption, loss of profit or loss of opportunity. IBM products and informational purposes only, and are neither intended to, nor shall
services are warranted per the terms and conditions of the agreements constitute legal or other guidance or advice to any individual participant
under which they are provided. or their specific situation.
IBM products are manufactured from new parts or new and used parts. It is the customer’s responsibility to insure its own compliance
In some cases, a product may not be new and may have been previously with legal requirements and to obtain advice of competent legal counsel
installed. Regardless, our warranty terms apply.” as to the identification and interpretation of any relevant laws and
Any statements regarding IBM's future direction, intent or product regulatory requirements that may affect the customer’s business and
plans are subject to change or withdrawal without notice. any actions the customer may need to take to comply with such
laws. IBM does not provide legal advice or represent or warrant that its
services or products will ensure that the customer follows any law.
3
Notices and disclaimers
continued
Information concerning non-IBM products was obtained from the IBM, the IBM logo, ibm.com and [names of other referenced IBM
suppliers of those products, their published announcements or other products and services used in the presentation] are trademarks of
publicly available sources. IBM has not tested those products about this International Business Machines Corporation, registered in many
publication and cannot confirm the accuracy of performance, jurisdictions worldwide. Other product and service names might
compatibility or any other claims related to non-IBM be trademarks of IBM or other companies. A current list of IBM
products. Questions on the capabilities of non-IBM products should be trademarks is available on the Web at "Copyright and trademark
addressed to the suppliers of those products. IBM does not warrant the information" at: www.ibm.com/legal/copytrade.shtml.
quality of any third-party products, or the ability of any such third-party .
products to interoperate with IBM’s products. IBM expressly disclaims
all warranties, expressed or implied, including but not limited to, the
implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a purpose.
The provision of the information contained herein is not intended to, and
does not, grant any right or license under any IBM patents, copyrights,
trademarks or other intellectual property right.
4
Number of Java developers worldwide is: Most Used Programming Languages
14M
Increase from previous year
Same as previous year
Decrease from previous year
Source: Global Developer Population and Demographics Survey: Volume I, Source: Stack OverFllow Developer Survey January 12th to February 6th 2017
© 2016 Evans Data Corp. 5
Why do we need
modern
languages on
IBM Z?
6
Why do we need modern languages on IBM Z?
Skills: Millions of
More than 1 Available Developers
14M
developers are using Java, JavaScript, and
Swift, worldwide.
Source: Global Developer Population and Demographics Survey: Volume I, ©
2016 Evans Data Corp.
7
Rewrite Reuse
Remember:
Your existing
code is a
valuable
asset! ?
Get the best of the two strategies.
8
Why do we need modern languages on IBM Z?
Leverage best fit
CICS
2 language for digital
transformation
IMS
WAS
MQ
DB2
9
Why do we need modern languages on IBM Z?
CICS
Put your back-end closer
3 to your data
IMS
WAS
MQ
DB2
10Java
11Why Java?
Two
pervasive
There are
80%
technologies…
14 million of the world’s corporate data
resides on or originates on the
Java developers
mainframe
…combined for
powerful
performance…Java Road Map
Java 7
Java 8
Java 6
Java 9
EE 5
EE 6
EE 7
EE 8
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
SDK 8.0.5
SDK 7.0
SDK 7.1
SDK 8.0
SDK 6.0
IBM Java 6.0 IBM Java 6.0.1/Java 7 IBM Java 7 SR3 + 7.1 IBM Java 8 IBM Java 8 SR5
• z10™ Exploitation • z196™ Exploitation • zEC12™ Exploitation • z13™ Exploitation • z14™ Exploitation
• DFP for BigDecimal • OOO Pipeline • Transactional Execution • SIMD • Pause-Less GC
• Large Pages • 70+ New Instructions • 1MB(p), 2GB large • SMT • Crypto accel.
• New ISA features • Improvements in pages • Crypto accel. • True Random Number
• Improvements • Performance • Improvements in Gen.
• Hints/traps
• XML parser Improvements • GC Technology • Performance, RAS • DAA PackedDecimal
• zEDC for zip accel.
• Improvements in • JZOS / Security Enhancements • Runtime • Monitoring accel.
• Performance Instrumentation • Improvements in
• RAS, Class Sharing • Improvements in • Performance
• Performance • RAS
• RAS, Monitoring
• Data Access Accelerator
13Community Java Road Map
LTS
Java 10
Java 11
Java 12
Java 13
Java 8
Java 9
…
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 …
• Proposed release cadence every 6 months
• Faster innovation and introduction of features!
• Java 9 EOS Mar. 2018, Java 10 EOS Sep. 2018
• Java 11 (18.9) is a long term support (LTS) release (Sep. 2018)
• Recommendation for enterprise adoption è LTS releases
• IBM JDK focus will be on LTS releases moving forward
14Aggregate Hardware, Java SDK and WAS/Liberty
Software for DayTrader Benchmark on Linux on z
10 +5%
Hardware Improvement +7% 8.9
Aggregate Performance Estimate
9 +65% +7% 8.5
8.0
8 Software Improvement +10% 7.4
+35%
7 +26%
+22%
6 +19%
+67% 4.5
5 4.1
4 3.0
3 2.4
1.7 2.0
2 1.0
1 Java
Java Java Java Java Java Java Java Java Java Java
5 6 6 6.0.1 6.0.1 7 7 7.1 8.0.5 8.0.5
0 5
Version Version Version Version Version Version Version Version Version Version Version
6.1 on z9 6.1 on 7.0 on 7.0 on 8.5 on 8.5 on 8.5 on 8.5 on 8.5 on 8.5 on 8.5 on
z10 z10 z196 z196 zEC12 zEC12 z13 z13 z13 z14
w/SMT w/SMT w/SMT w/SMT
§ 8.9x aggregate incremental hardware + software improvements
(Controlled measurement environment, results may vary)
15IBM z14 – Optimized for Java
New 5.2 GHz 10-core Processor Chip
Pause-Less Garbage Collection 672 MB L4 cache: Optimized for data serving
• Guarded Storage Facility Improved SMT-2 performance (zIIP + IFLs)
Cryptographic Function (CPACF)
• Improved performance of crypto co-processors
• GCM, SHA-3 hardware acceleration
• True Random Number Generator
Single Instruction Multiple Data (SIMD)
• Improved performance
• 32-bit floating point enhancements
• Packed Decimals support
New Instructions
• Hot cache line hints
• Arithmetic half-word operationsIBM z14 – Pause-Less Garbage Collection
• Allows Java GC to run concurrently with
applications
• More predictable response-times
• High-performance transaction processing
at scale
• Java GC-tuning made easy
• Enable with single option:
-Xgc:concurrentScavenge
• IBM Java 8 SR5 + IBM z14
• z/OS 2.3 or z/OS 2.2 + APAR OA51643
17Java Store Inventory and Point of Sale Application
• High scavenge pause times
made this application a
candidate of Pause-Less GC
• Up to 3.4x better throughput for
response-time constrained
Service Level Agreements (SLAs)
• Up to 10x better average GC
pause-times (Controlled measurement environment, results may vary)
18Node.js
19What is Node.js ?
Server-side JavaScript platform
Built on Google's V8 JavaScript engine
Designed to build scalable network applications
– Lightweight and efficient
Uses an event-driven, single-threaded, non-blocking I/O model
– Best suited for data-intensive (i.e. I/O bound) applications
Provides a module-driven, highly scalable approach to application design and development
that encourages agile practices
Emerging as the favored choice for digital transformation - Steadily establishing its
place within enterprises 20Node.js Ecosystem
Largest repository of modules:
– NPM: Node Package Manager
• Repository of community contributed modules
• 590k modules and growing!
• 3x growth rate vs other runtimes
Enterprise clients can easily augment
existing IBM Z applications to provide timely
response to customer requirements driven
by digital transformation
Feb 2018 – modulecounts.com
21IBM SDK for Node.js – z/OS, V6
Ann: July 17, 2017; GA: Sept 8, 2017 Enterprise Offering
– OTC + S&S
Single PID (5655-SDK)
§ Based on Node.js V6 consisting of Node.js and new
§ Runs on z196, zEC12, z13 and z14 (z/OS v2.2 and v2.3) C/C++ compiler
– C++11 compliant, 64 bit &
USS
– For NPM and compute
intensive portion of
Node.js application
Node Libraries Single Install with SMP/E
Node Binding Layer C/C++ 2 year support model
Other: Compiler
libuv
OpenSSL
Crypto ICU Container Pricing
Cares
JavaScript Engine library Zlib – Workload not eligible for zIIP
Asynchronou
s I/O library
http_parser offload
…
z/OS v2.2 or z/OS v2.3
22Container pricing – 3 supported solutions announced with z14
The Application Development and Test Solution will provide highly competitive stand-alone pricing for
z/OS based development and test workloads. Modern DevOps tooling can be optionally added at
uniquely discounted prices.
The New Application Solution will provide a highly competitive stand-alone priced offering for new z/OS
applications, such as CICS TS or WebSphere applications, that are not currently running on any Z
platform server. This is the strategic replacement for the current zCAP and IWP priced offerings.
The Payments Solution will provide a ‘per payment’ pricing option for IBM Financial Transaction
Manager for z/OS deployments. This new offering directly ties operational cost to business value by
basing the price on the number of payments processed, rather than capacity used to process them.
23IBM SDK for Node.js – z/OS: Value to Enterprises
Take advantage of the enormously popular and growing
technology on IBM Z to power digital transformation.
Access a vast pool of 11+ million JavaScript developers
Develop business logic using Node.js on z/OS or take
advantage of its great cross-platform support and deploy
Node.js applications written on x86 to Z
Take advantage of co-location of Node.js applications with
critical assets (i.e. applications and data) on z/OS
– Reduce response time and increase throughput
24IBM SDK for Node.js – z/OS: Value to Development Organizations
Use a common language (i.e. JavaScript) to develop
applications throughout the application stack (i.e. client
& server).
Increases efficiency, simplifies build process, and
quickens time to market.
Leverage over 590k “good-to-go” NPM packages that
can be used instantly in applications
Use module-driven, highly scalable approach to
application design, development, and deployment
Encourages Agile practices
25Node.js z/OS Development at IBM Z
– Open source via GitHub pull requests
- V8: github.com/ibmruntimes/v8z (Branch: 5.1-zos)
- Node: github.com/ibmruntimes/node (Branch: v6.x.zos)
- libuv: github.com/libuv/libuv (Branch: v1.11 or newer)
– Matches and extends community version - shares 99% of code!
- Security Fixes, License + Code scans
– Build and contribute npm modules
– Join our community: ibm.biz/nodejs-community
26Connecting to z/OS assets
z/OS Connect EE
– Access z/OS assets that are exposed through IBM z/OS Connect EE
– zosconnect-node: https://github.com/zosconnect/zosconnect-
node
– loopback connector for z/OS Connect EE:
https://github.com/strongloop/loopback-connector-zosconnectee
z/OS Connect
DB2 Db2
– npm module to provide direct access to DB2 on z/OS (soon!)
https://github.com/ibmdb/node-ibm_db
CICS COBOL
CICS Db2 IMS PL/I
Apps
– A sample of Node.js application interacting with existing CICS COBOL
asset on z/OS via EXCI https://ibm.co/2vG1KTb
VSAM connector z/OS
– npm module to interact with z/OS VSAM datasets and records
https://www.npmjs.com/package/vsam.js
z/OS Node Accessor
– Module to interact with z/OS MVS dataset and USS files and simple
JCL operations: https://github.com/IBM/zos-node-accessor
More to come…
27AcmeAir: Superior Performance on LinuxONE
3
2.5
Relative Throughput
2.5
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
x86 Alternative Linux on IBM z14
RHEL 7.1 – IBM SDK for Node.js 6.9.0
(Controlled measurement environment, results may vary)
28Node.js V6 Octane Performance z13 Vs z14 on z/OS 1
1.4
1.2 15%
Relative Geomean Score
1
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
V6 - z13 V6 - z14
1 Controlled measurement environment, results may vary
29Node.js – z/OS Developer Journey
Credit Card Rewards Program Case-Study:
– Node.js application based on LoopBack framework
– Exposes Rewards APIs while keeping all customer and credit-card
data secure
https://developer.ibm.com/code/2018/02/13/create-and-deploy-a-node-js-application-on-zos/
30Sample Scenario:
Orchestrating Microservices Microservice API CICS
IMS
• Often, there exists a mismatch between
granularity of APIs of individual services, and
data a microservice needs to provide.
WAS
• Data flow requires multiple services to
interact in some manner
• Leverage the consistency models of z/OS MQ
data stores
• Leverage the colocation to z/OS transactions
and assets for better response time and
DB2
security
31Usage Scenarios on z/OS
Move existing Node.js applications to take advantage of co-location with critical assets on
z/OS (i.e. applications and data)
• Significantly reduce response time for accessing data and increase transaction
throughput
API Orchestration/Microservices management
• Co-ordinate APIs from multiple sources that need to be called, coordinated, merged
or routed in the background
• Create and Manage Micro-services
Manage Caching of Read-only transactions
• Reduce CPU
Presentation Layer
• Dashboard and Portals
32Trials
Trial version of IBM SDK Node.js - z/OS now available on
Shop z
– 90 days – no Charge
– Evaluation License
– ibm.biz/nodejs-zos-trial
Customers can continue to use IBM SDK Node.js - z/OS
Trial from DeveloperWorks for evaluation
– Refreshed with GA version
– Download from ibm.biz/nodejs-zos-trial-pax
33Swift
342014 1/2015 6/2015 1/2016 6/2016 1/2017 6/2017
1 JavaScript 1 JavaScript 1 JavaScript 1 JavaScript 1 JavaScript 1 JavaScript
“Swift is 2 Java 2 Java 2 Java 2 Java 2 Java 2 Java
growing 3 PHP 3 PHP 3 PHP 3 PHP 3 Python 3 Python
Swift became open source
4 Python 4 Python 4 Python 4 Python 4 PHP 4 PHP
faster 5 C#
5 C++
5 C#
5 C++
5 C#
5 C++
5 C#
5 C++
5 C#
5 C++
5 C#
6 C++
than Swift is introduced
5 Ruby 5 Ruby 5 Ruby 5 Ruby 7 CSS 7 CSS
8 CSS 8 CSS 8 CSS 8 CSS 7 Ruby 8 Ruby
anything 9C 9C 9C 9C 9C 9C
else we 10 Objective-C
11 Perl
10 Objective-C
11 Perl
10 Objective-C
11 Shell
10 Objective-C
11 Shell
10 Objective-C
11 Scala
10 Objective-C
11 Swift
track” 11 Shell
13 R
11 Shell
13 R
12 Perl
13 R
12 R
13 Perl
11 Shell
11 Swift
12 Shell
12 Scala
14 Scala 14 Scala 14 Scala 14 Scala 14 R 14 R
July 2015 15 Haskell 15 Go 15 Go 15 Go
16 Matlab 15 Haskell 15 Haskell 16 Haskell
17 Go 17 Matlab 17 Swift 17 Swift
17 Visual Basic 18 Swift 18 Matlab
19 Clojure 19 Clojure 19 Clojure
19 Groovy 19 Groovy 19 Groovy
19 Visual Basic 19 Visual Basic
22 Swift RedMonk Programming
46 Swift Language Ranking 2014-201735Why Swift?
Safe
Modern
Performance
36Why Swift? Performance
Performance: Fast Performance: Low Memory
160 60 54.6
134.2
140
50
Memory Usage (MB)
120
(lower is better)
(lower is better)
40
Duration (s)
100 32.2
80 30 25.3
60
20 15
40
15.8 10
20 4 4.3
0 0
Source: benchmarksgame.alioth.debian.org/u64q/performance.php?test=spectralnorm
37Why Swift? Modern
Easy to learn Strong foundation on LLVM
Simple to use
38Why Swift? Safe
• Type safe
• Helps developers refactor,
extend, iterate on solutions.
• Error detection at compile time
• Automatic initialization
• Variables are automatically
initialized
• Memory is automatically
allocated and managed.
39IBM Toolkit for Swift – Linux on z Systems
• Core tools to develop in Swift:
• Compiler
• Swift Runtime
• Libraries
• Debugger (lldb)
• Web framework (Kitura)
• Package Manager
https://www.ibm.com/marketplace/swift-compiler
Community Edition Enterprise Edition
(free of charge) (service & support)
40Swift on z/OS – Beta
• Continuous delivery (every 1-2
months)
• Latest packages included:
• Swift 4.0
• Swift Foundation Library
• Grand Central Dispatch
• Kitura
• LLBuild
• Interoperability with C, PL/I,
assembly, VSAM, and DB2.
41Sample Scenario:
End-to-end Swift application
Back-end
ü Reuse Swift code between
front-end and back-end
ü Easy access to current Z
assets on the most secure
platform
Front-end ü Free open source web
ü Appealing animations and server from IBM (Kitura)
user feedback provide
state of the art user
experience
Db2
ü Cross-platform (Andriod &
iOS)
42Sample Scenario:
Extend COBOL business logic CICS
using Swift
IMS
• High performance language for your core
business applications.
• Statically compiled language that can easily WAS
fit the current DevOps process for COBOL.
• Conforms to tight audit controls required by
many financial institutions. MQ
JSON
New/additional
business logic DB2
COBOL
Current
business logic
43Sample Scenario: // Swift Program
Call PL/I directly from Swift import PLITest // Import module
writepair() // C PL/I routine
Swift supports interlanguage calls to PL/I
// Module Map
Requirements: module PLITest [system]
{
1. PL/I procedures compiled as 64-bit (-qlp=64) header ”interface.h" export *
}
2. Swift Module Map to expose PL/I library
3. C bridging header to expose PL/I routines // C Bridging header to expose PL/I functions
int writepair(void);
// PL/I procedure
write: procedure ext("writepair")
The same scenario applies for C, Put List( 'Hello world' );
C++, and PL/I End write;
44You can impact the future
• We are looking for innovators and early adopters
• For both Swift & Node.js
• Validate user scenarios and get early
access to the latest drivers.
• If interested, contact:
• Joran Siu: joransiu@ca.ibm.com
• Shereen Ghobrial: shereen@ca.ibm.com
• Roland Koo: rkoo@ca.ibm.com
45Thank you
Joran Siu
IBM Runtime Technologies
joransiu@ca.ibm.com
46Notices and disclaimers
© 2018 International Business Machines Corporation. No part of this Performance data contained herein was generally obtained in a controlled,
document may be reproduced or transmitted in any form without isolated environments. Customer examples are presented as illustrations of
written permission from IBM. how those
U.S. Government Users Restricted Rights — use, duplication or customers have used IBM products and the results they may have
disclosure restricted by GSA ADP Schedule Contract with IBM. achieved. Actual performance, cost, savings or other results in other
operating environments may vary.
Information in these presentations (including information relating to
products that have not yet been announced by IBM) has been reviewed References in this document to IBM products, programs, or services does
for accuracy as of the date of initial publication and could include not imply that IBM intends to make such products, programs or services
unintentional technical or typographical errors. IBM shall have no available in all countries in which IBM operates or does business.
responsibility to update this information. This document is distributed
“as is” without any warranty, either express or implied. In no event, Workshops, sessions and associated materials may have been prepared by
shall IBM be liable for any damage arising from the use of this independent session speakers, and do not necessarily reflect the views of
information, including but not limited to, loss of data, business IBM. All materials and discussions are provided for informational purposes
interruption, loss of profit or loss of opportunity. IBM products and only, and are neither intended to, nor shall constitute legal or other
services are warranted per the terms and conditions of the agreements guidance or advice to any individual participant or their specific situation.
under which they are provided.
It is the customer’s responsibility to insure its own compliance with legal
IBM products are manufactured from new parts or new and used parts. requirements and to obtain advice of competent legal counsel as to
In some cases, a product may not be new and may have been previously the identification and interpretation of any relevant laws and regulatory
installed. Regardless, our warranty terms apply.” requirements that may affect the customer’s business and any actions the
customer may need to take to comply with such laws. IBM does not provide
Any statements regarding IBM's future direction, intent or product legal advice or represent or warrant that its services or products will ensure
plans are subject to change or withdrawal without notice. that the customer follows any law.
47Notices and disclaimers
continued
Information concerning non-IBM products was obtained from the IBM, the IBM logo, ibm.com and Aspera®, Bluemix, Blueworks Live,
suppliers of those products, their published announcements or other CICS, Clearcase, Cognos®, DOORS®, Emptoris®, Enterprise Document
publicly available sources. IBM has not tested those products about this Management System™, FASP®, FileNet®, Global Business Services®,
publication and cannot confirm the accuracy of performance, Global Technology Services®, IBM ExperienceOne™, IBM SmartCloud®,
compatibility or any other claims related to non-IBM IBM Social Business®, Information on Demand, ILOG, Maximo®,
products. Questions on the capabilities of non-IBM products should be MQIntegrator®, MQSeries®, Netcool®, OMEGAMON, OpenPower,
addressed to the suppliers of those products. IBM does not warrant the PureAnalytics™, PureApplication®, pureCluster™, PureCoverage®,
quality of any third-party products, or the ability of any such third-party PureData®, PureExperience®, PureFlex®, pureQuery®, pureScale®,
products to interoperate with IBM’s products. IBM expressly disclaims PureSystems®, QRadar®, Rational®, Rhapsody®, Smarter Commerce®,
all warranties, expressed or implied, including but not limited to, the SoDA, SPSS, Sterling Commerce®, StoredIQ, Tealeaf®, Tivoli® Trusteer®,
implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a purpose. Unica®, urban{code}®, Watson, WebSphere®, Worklight®, X-Force® and
System z® Z/OS are trademarks of International Business Machines
The provision of the information contained herein is not intended to, and Corporation, registered in many jurisdictions worldwide. Other product
does not, grant any right or license under any IBM patents, copyrights, and service names might be trademarks of IBM or other companies. A
trademarks or other intellectual property right. current list of IBM trademarks is available on the Web at "Copyright and
trademark information" at: www.ibm.com/legal/copytrade.shtml.
.
48Trademarks
The following are trademarks of the International Business The following are trademarks or registered trademarks of non-IBM companies:
Machines Corporation in the United States, other countries, or Adobe, the Adobe logo, PostScript, and the PostScript logo are either registered
both. trademarks or trademarks of Adobe Systems Incorporated in the United States,
and/or other countries.
Not all common law marks used by IBM are listed on this page. Cell Broadband Engine is a trademark of Sony Computer Entertainment, Inc. in the
Failure of a mark to appear does not mean that IBM does not United States, other countries, or both and is used under license therefrom.
use the mark nor does it mean that the product is not actively Java and all Java-based trademarks are trademarks of Sun Microsystems, Inc. in the
marketed or is not significant within its relevant market. United States, other countries, or both.
Microsoft, Windows, Windows NT, and the Windows logo are trademarks of Microsoft
Those trademarks followed by ® are registered trademarks of Corporation in the United States, other countries, or both.
IBM in the United States; all others are trademarks or common Intel, Intel logo, Intel Inside, Intel Inside logo, Intel Centrino, Intel Centrino logo,
law marks of IBM in the United States. Celeron, Intel Xeon, Intel SpeedStep, Itanium, and Pentium are trademarks or
registered trademarks of Intel Corporation or its subsidiaries in the United States and
For a more complete list of IBM Trademarks, see other countries.
www.ibm.com/legal/copytrade.shtml: UNIX is a registered trademark of The Open Group in the United States and other
countries.
*BladeCenter®, CICS®, DataPower®, DB2®, e business(logo)®, Linux is a registered trademark of Linus Torvalds in the United States, other countries,
ESCON, eServer, FICON®, IBM®, IBM (logo)®, IMS, MVS, or both.
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Architecture®, PowerVM®, PureFlex, PureSystems, S/390®, Government Commerce, and is registered in the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.
ServerProven®, Sysplex Timer®, System p®, System p5, System IT Infrastructure Library is a registered trademark of the Central Computer and
x®, z Systems®, System z9®, System z10®, WebSphere®, X- Telecommunications Agency, which is now part of the Office of Government
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