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Referencing Handbook Harvard
Referencing Handbook: Harvard Contents
A
Contents Download our app 11 Journals, magazines, periodicals 19 Official publications
Introduction Search for ‘Referencing Handbook:
Harvard’ or ‘University of Lincoln 11.1 Journal articles 19.1 Green, White and Command
Harvard referencing Library’ and download the free app. 11.2 Pre-prints papers
In-text citation 11.3 Post-prints/articles in press 19.2 Parliamentary Debates (Hansard)
Reference list
iPad
Referencing
Handbook 12 Law 20 Plays
Bibliography Harvard
Other referencing styles 12.1 Cases (Law Reports) 20.1 Play text
12.2 Unreported UK cases 20.2 Dramatic performance
Plagiarism
Quoting, paraphrasing and summarising 12.3 Acts of Parliament (Statutes)
Referenc 21 Software
12.4 Statutory Instruments
Handbook
Harvard
Secondary referencing
12.5 Bills before Parliament 21.1 Games
Help with referencing
12.6 EU Regulations, Directives, 21.2 Apps
Decisions 21.3 Other software
Sources of information Harvard
12.7 Treaties
Harvard
1 Advertisements 4 Case studies 13 Leaflets, pamphlets 22 Technical, commercial
Handbook
Reference
1.1 Print 5 Conference papers 14 Maps 22.1 British and International
1.2 Broadcast Standards
6 Correspondence 15 Microfilm 22.2 Patents
1.3 Online Handbook
Reference
6.1 Email 16 Music
2 Art iPad
23 Theses, dissertations
6.2 Letter
16.1 Music – live performance 24 Translations
2.1 Art 6.3 Mailing list
16.2 CD
2.2 Art in books 16.3 Music track 25 Verbal communications
7 Dance
2.3 Art online 16.4 Music track download
2.4 Performance art 8 Diagrams, figures, images, tables 25.1 Lecture/seminar
16.5 Musical score
2.5 Artist’s film 25.2 Speech
9 Film, television, radio 16.6 Musical score from a collection
25.3 Telephone call
3 Books 9.1 Film 17 New media
26 Websites
3.1 Book with a single author 9.2 Broadcast television/radio
17.1 Blogs
3.2 Book with two authors 9.3 DVD – film 26.1 Personal author
17.2 Facebook
3.3 Book with three or more authors 9.4 DVD – television programme 26.2 Corporate author
17.3 Video sharing websites
3.4 Book without a named author 9.5 Off-air recordings
17.4 Twitter Reference list
3.5 Edited book 9.6 Online archive of off-air recordings
(e.g. Box of Broadcasts) 17.5 Podcasts, vidcasts, vodcasts
3.6 Chapter in an edited book
9.7 Amateur film
3.7 Introduction, foreword, 18 Newspapers
afterword 9.8 Trailer
3.8 Ebook 18.1 Newspaper articles
10 Interviews 18.2 Newspaper articles without
3.9 Ebook on a reader (Kindle, etc.)
a byline
Contents
Contents
3.10 Book review 10.1 Broadcast
18.3 Press releases
3.11 Sacred texts 10.2 PersonalA Referencing Handbook: Harvard Harvard referencing
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Introduction Reference list
Your reference list goes at the end of your academic work and contains the full details of the
You need to reference: information sources (books, journal articles, websites, etc.) that you have cited.
• to demonstrate that you have undertaken research for your academic work You can find the information you need for different sources in a variety of locations, e.g. the title
• to avoid accusations of plagiarism page and the reverse of the title page of a book, or the cover and table of contents of a journal.
• to acknowledge the work of other authors, which can be found in books, journal articles, Below are guidelines on how to construct your reference list:
websites etc.
• It is in alphabetical order by the first author/editor(s)’ surname. If the source is produced by
There are many systems of referencing available; this guide will focus on the Harvard system, a corporate author, ignore words such as A, An or The
which is widely used at the University of Lincoln.
• If no author is provided, use the title of the publication in its place
This guide provides examples of different information sources: how to cite them within your text • If you use more than one source by the same author, list them in date order beginning with
and how to include them in your reference list. the earliest first
• If you use more than one source by the same author from the same year, you will need to
Harvard referencing
differentiate between them, e.g.
There are two parts to Harvard referencing:
In-text citation
In-text citation
(Department of Health, 2013a)
Reference list
Reference list
In-text citation
Department of Health (2013a) Cardiovascular disease outcomes strategy: improving
All ideas taken from the work of another author (whether directly quoted or put into your own outcomes for people with or at risk of cardiovascular disease. London: Department
words) need to be identified within your academic work by the author’s surname, year of of Health. Available from https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/
publication and page number in brackets. attachment_data/file/156450/9387-2900853-CVD-Outcomes_web1.pdf.pdf [Accessed
2 July 2013].
You should not provide full publication details in your in-text citation, such as the title or publisher,
as this information is given in your reference list. Department of Health (2013b) Improving outcomes: a strategy for cancer, second
annual report, 2012. London: Department of Health. Available from https://www.gov.
The following is an extract from an essay showing use of in-text citations:
uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/136551/Improving_
Many believe (Fry, 2009; Jacklin, 2009) that, in the UK, the main catalyst for this was outcomes_second_annual_report.pdf [Accessed 2 July 2013].
the UK Governments’ ‘widening participation’ initiative, which “brought an increased
diversification of the higher education student population” (Jacklin and Le Riche, 2009, • If the source of information has no date, put undated instead of the year of publication
735). An interesting paper by Wingate (2007) suggests that it is not only the “non- • The title (with the exception of journal titles) should be in sentence case
traditional” students from the widening participation initiatives who struggle with the
learning required at university level. Wingate discusses the difficulties that “traditional • Separate main titles from subtitles with a colon
students” have with the transition from school to university (Wingate, 2007, 393) and • If there are multiple locations given for place of publication, only provide the first listed
suggests that students need support in “learning to learn”.
• If a source of information is not published in the UK, also provide the country
• Where you are citing from more than one text, you can combine them together in a single in-
text citation, separated by a semi-colon, e.g. (Fry, 2009; Jacklin, 2009)
• If the source you are using has two authors, name both of them in your in-text citation, e.g.
(Jacklin and Le Riche, 2009, 735). If there are three or more authors, just name the first author
Harvard referencing
Harvard referencing
followed by the words et al (which means and others)
• If you include the author’s surname within your text, you only need to add the year (and page
number, where necessary) in brackets, e.g. Wingate (2007) suggests…
• Some disciplines do not require a page number in the in-text citations. If you are unsure
please contact your tutorReferencing Handbook: Harvard Harvard referencing
Bibliography Secondary referencing
Your School may ask you to provide a bibliography as well as a reference list, please check If the information source that you are reading has summarised another author’s work, which you
their guidelines. would like to discuss or quote from, you should locate the original work.
A bibliography lists all the sources of information that you have consulted, including the items If this is not possible, you need to treat it as a secondary reference. To do this, cite the original
in your reading list. You should follow the same rules for a bibliography as a reference list. author and year of publication followed by the words ‘cited in’ and the author, year of publication
and page number of the text you have read.
Other referencing styles “Learning is an active process of constructing rather than acquiring knowledge”
Your School may want you to use another style of referencing, such as APA, Chicago, MHRA, (Duffy and Cunningham, 1996, cited in Laurillard, 2002, 67)
Numeric or OSCOLA. You must check with your School which referencing style to follow.
Your Academic Subject Librarian can also advise you. The reference list at the end of your academic work should only contain works that you have read.
Secondary referencing should be avoided where possible.
Plagiarism
Plagiarism is the use of another author’s ideas and words, either intentionally or unintentionally, Help with referencing
without acknowledging the source of the information. It is an academic offence and will be treated The quickest and easiest way to reference your academic work is to record the necessary
seriously by the University (see University General Regulations). information at the time of using it. The key to good referencing is to be consistent. This handbook
You avoid plagiarism by referencing correctly. is a guide to referencing different sources of information. For each type of information, we give you
an example of an in-text citation and a full reference as it should appear in your reference list.
Turnitin is software that detects plagiarism and can be used by your tutor to ensure academic
integrity. See http://submit.ac.uk/ for more details. The Library subscribes to referencing management software which can help you to gather and
organise your references. For more information go to http://library.lincoln.ac.uk There are also a
number of websites offering this service free of charge, e.g. Mendeley, Zotero.
Quoting, paraphrasing and summarising
If you need help with your referencing, or have any questions, the Library also offers a 1-to-1
Quoting is copying a short section of text, word for word, directly from an information source into Learning Development drop-in service. Visit the Learning Development Room on the ground floor
your work. You must indicate a quotation by using quotation marks at the beginning and end of of the University Library.
the text, e.g. critical appraisal “aims to discover if first the methods, and consequently the results
of the research, are valid“ (Booth et al, 2012, 104). The quotation is followed immediately with the
in-text citation.
Longer quotations (usually longer than two lines) should start on a new line, be indented with
quotation marks at the beginning and end of the passage and should be followed immediately
with an in-text citation, e.g.
“The media are often blamed for social ills to the detriment of identifying the real
causes of the problem. In the past, politicians in the USA and the UK have found it
more convenient to blame various sectors of the media for social ills than their own
policies and actions” (Stokes, 2003, 131)
Paraphrasing is putting a section of text from an information source into your own words.
Although you are changing the words or phrasing from the original text, you are retaining and
fully communicating the original meaning. You should provide an in-text citation even when
paraphrasing to acknowledge the source.
Harvard referencing
Harvard referencing
Summarising is describing the main ideas/findings of an information source but without directly
quoting from it. You should acknowledge where you sourced the information by providing an in-
text citation.A
1 Referencing Handbook: Harvard Advertisements A
1
Advertisements
1 Print 1.2 Broadcast 1.3 Online
In-text citation In-text citation In-text citation
(The Wine Company, 2013, 38) when referring to a specific page (Audi, 2013) (Curiously Cinnamon, 2013)
Reference list Reference list Reference list
The Wine Company (2013) Discover our best selling Marlborough Sauvignon. Audi (2013) The new Audi Q5. [advertisement] Curiously Cinnamon (2013) Boombox
[advertisement, Private Eye] 28 June, 38. ITV. 23 May, 21.17. breakfasts: the Latin lowriders. [online
advertisement] Available from http://www.
Checklist: youtube.com/curiouslycinnamonuk
[Accessed 28 June 2013].
¨¨ Advertiser’s name
1. Advertiser’s name 2. Year of publication in 3. Title of the advertisement, or a short ¨¨ Year of broadcast of the Checklist:
round brackets description if more appropriate, in italics,
advertisement in round brackets
followed by a full stop ¨¨ Advertiser’s name
¨¨ Title of the advertisement,
¨¨ Year of publication of the
or a short description if more
advertisement in round brackets
The Wine Company (2013) Discover our best selling Marlborough appropriate, in italics,
Sauvignon. [advertisement, Private Eye] 28 June, 38. followed by a full stop ¨¨ Title of the advertisement,
or a short description if more
¨¨ In square brackets put
appropriate, in italics, followed
advertisement
4. In square brackets put advertisement, 5. Day and month of publication, 6. Page number(s), followed by by a full stop
a comma, then the title of the publication followed by a comma a full stop ¨¨ Broadcast channel, followed
¨¨ In square brackets put online
by a full stop
advertisement
¨¨ Day and month of broadcast,
¨¨ Available from, followed
followed by a comma
by the web address
¨¨ Time of broadcast, using the 24
¨¨ In square brackets put Accessed
hour clock, followed by a full stop
Checklist: and the date you accessed the
advertisement, followed
¨¨ Advertiser’s name ¨¨ In square brackets put by a full stop
advertisement, a comma,
¨¨ Year of publication in round
then the title of the publication
brackets
¨¨ Day and month of publication,
¨¨ Title of the advertisement,
followed by a comma
or a short description if more
appropriate, in italics, ¨¨ Page number(s), followed by
followed by a full stop a full stop
1 Advertisements
1 AdvertisementsA
2 Referencing Handbook: Harvard Art A
2
Art 2.2 Art in books
When citing an image reproduced in a book,
2.3 Art online
When citing an image reproduced online,
put the surname of the artist and year of put the surname of the artist and year of
composition followed by the words ‘cited in’ composition followed by the words ‘cited in’
2.1 Art followed by the author(s) surname, year of followed by the name of the website and year
publication and page number. In your reference of publication. In your reference list, only list the
In-text citation list, only list the work you have read. work you have read.
(Bacon, 1961)
In-text citation In-text citation
Reference list (Basquiat, 1981, cited in Wigan, 2006, 75) (Meshon, undated, cited in 3x3 Gallery.com,
Bacon, F. (1961) Seated figure. [oil on canvas] London: Tate Modern. undated)
Reference list
Wigan, M. (2006) Thinking visually. Lausanne, Reference list
Switzerland: AVA. Meshon, A. (undated) Untitled. [online] New
York, USA: 3x3 Gallery. Available from http://
1. Artist(s)’ surname, a comma, followed by 2. Year of composition 3. Title of the composition in italics, Checklist: www.3x3gallery.com/19/AaronMeshon.php
their initials with a full stop after each initial in round brackets followed by a full stop [Accessed 1 July 2013].
¨¨ Author/Editor(s)’ surname,
a comma, followed by their initials Checklist:
with a full stop after each initial
Bacon, F. (1961) Seated Figure. [oil on canvas] London: Tate Modern. ¨¨ Year of publication in round
¨¨ Artist(s)’ surname, a comma,
followed by their initials with a
brackets
full stop after each initial
¨¨ Title (and subtitle if applicable)
6. Name of the collection, ¨¨ Year of publication in round
4. In square brackets put 5. Location, followed of book in italics, followed by a
details of the format by a colon followed by a full stop brackets
full stop
¨¨ Title (and subtitle if applicable)
¨¨ Edition (only if not the first edition)
of the composition in italics,
followed by a full stop
followed by a full stop
¨¨ Place of publication, followed
¨¨ In square brackets put online
by a colon
¨¨ Place of publication, followed
¨¨ Publisher, followed by a full stop
by a colon
Checklist:
¨¨ Publisher, followed by a full stop
¨¨ Artist(s)’ surname, a comma, ¨¨ In square brackets put details
¨¨ Available from, followed by the
followed by their initials with a full of the format
web address
stop after each initial
¨¨ Location, followed by a colon
¨¨ In square brackets put Accessed
¨¨ Year of composition in round
¨¨ Name of the collection, followed and the date you accessed the art,
brackets
by a full stop followed by a full stop
¨¨ Title of the composition in italics,
followed by a full stop
2 Art
2 ArtA
2 Referencing Handbook: Harvard
A
3
Books
2.4 Performance art 2.5 Artist’s film 3.1 Book with a single author
In-text citation In-text citation In-text citation
(Abramovic, 2005) (Magdy, 2012) (Cottrell, 2013) for the whole text
(Cottrell, 2013, 156) when referring to a specific page
Reference list Reference list
(Cottrell, 2013, 156-158) when referring to a range of pages
Abramovic, M. (2005) Seven easy pieces. Magdy, B. (2012) Time laughs back at you like
[performance art] New York, USA: Guggenheim a sunken ship. [Super 8 film transferred to HD Reference list
Museum, 9 November. video] 9 mins. 31 secs. London: Tate.
Cottrell, S. (2013) The study skills handbook. 4th edition. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
Checklist: Checklist:
1. Author’s surname, followed by their
¨¨ Artist(s)’ surname, a comma, ¨¨ Artist(s)’ surname, a comma, initials with a full stop after each initial,
followed by their initials with a followed by their initials with or corporate author
full stop after each initial a full stop after each initial 3. Title (and subtitle if applicable) 4. Edition (only if not the first edition)
of book in italics, followed by followed by a full stop
¨¨ Year of the performance in round ¨¨ Year of composition of the film 2. Year of publication a full stop
brackets in round brackets in round brackets
¨¨ Title of the performance in italics, ¨¨ Title of the film in italics,
followed by a full stop followed by a full stop
¨¨ In square brackets put ¨¨ In square brackets give details
Cottrell, S. (2013) The study skills handbook. 4th edition.
performance art of the format Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
¨¨ Place of performance, followed ¨¨ Length of film in minutes
by a colon and seconds
5. Place of publication, followed by 6. Publisher, followed
¨¨ Name of the venue, followed ¨¨ Location, followed by a colon a colon by a full stop
by a comma
¨¨ Name of collection, followed
¨¨ Day and month of the by a full stop
performance, followed by a
full stop
3 Books
2 ArtA
3 Referencing Handbook: Harvard Books A
3
3.2 Book with two authors Checklist: 3.4 Book without a 3.5 Edited book
named author
In-text citation ¨¨ Author(s)’ surname, a comma, In-text citation
Use both authors’ surnames followed by their initials with a If an author of a book is not named, replace the (Boardman et al, 2010) for whole text
full stop after each initial, or author’s name with the title of the book.
(Boardman et al, 2010, 39) when referring
(Ledger and Luckhurst, 2000) for corporate author
In-text citation to a specific page
the whole text
¨¨ Year of publication in round (A woman in Berlin, 2011) for whole text (Boardman et al, 2010, 39-41) when
(Ledger and Luckhurst, 2000, 24) brackets
(A woman in Berlin, 2011, 176) when referring to a page range
when referring to a specific page
¨¨ Title (and subtitle if applicable) referring to a specific page
(Ledger and Luckhurst, 2000, 24-48) Reference list
of book in italics, followed by (A woman in Berlin, 2011, 176-178)
when referring to a range of pages Boardman, J., Currie, A., Killaspy, H. and
a full stop when referring to a range of pages Mezey, G. (eds.) (2010) Social inclusion and
Reference list ¨¨ Edition (only if not the first edition)
Reference list mental health. London: RCPsych Publications.
Ledger, S. and Luckhurst, R. (2000) followed by a full stop
The fin de siècle: a reader in cultural history, A woman in Berlin. (2011) London:
c.1880-1900. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
¨¨ Place of publication, followed Virago Press. Checklist:
by a colon
¨¨ Editor(s)’ surname, a comma,
¨¨ Publisher, followed by a full stop Checklist: followed by their initials with
3.3 Book with three or a full stop after each initial
¨¨ Title (and subtitle if applicable)
more authors ¨¨ Put ed. in round brackets. If it has
of book in italics, followed by
In-text citation a full stop more than one editor, use eds.
There is no need to use all of the authors’ ¨¨ Year of publication in round ¨¨ Year of publication in round
names in your in-text citation, you can name brackets brackets
just the first author followed by the words et al ¨¨ Title (and subtitle if applicable)
¨¨ Edition (only if not the first edition)
(which means ‘and others’). of book in italics, followed by
followed by a full stop
(Klug et al, 2012) for the whole text. a full stop
¨¨ Place of publication, followed
(Klug et al, 2012, 46) when referring by a colon ¨¨ Edition (only if not the first edition)
to a specific page followed by a full stop
¨¨ Publisher, followed by a full stop
(Klug et al, 2012, 46-48) when referring ¨¨ Place of publication, followed
to a page range by a colon
Reference list ¨¨ Publisher, followed by a full stop
You need to name all the authors in the order
they appear on the title page of the book.
Klug, W. S., Cummings, M.R., Spencer,
C.A. and Palladino, M.A. (2012) Concept of
genetics. 10th edition. Boston: Pearson.
3 Books
3 BooksA
3 Referencing Handbook: Harvard Books A
3
3.6 Chapter in an edited book 3.7 Introduction, foreword, Reference list
afterword MacLaren, D. and Morton, J. (2012)
In-text citation Biochemistry for sport and exercise
(Legge, 2007) for the whole chapter In-text citation
metabolism. [online] Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell.
(Legge, 2007, 38) when referring to a specific page (Beevor, 2011) Available from https://www.dawsonera.com/
(Legge, 2007, 38-42) when referring to a page range abstract/9780470091869
Reference list
[Accessed 18 June 2013].
Reference list Beevor, A. (2011) Introduction in A woman in
Berlin. London: Virago Press.
Legge, K. (2007) HRM: rhetoric, reality and hidden agendas. In: John Storey (ed.) Human resource Checklist:
management: a critical text. 3rd edition. London: Thomson, 33-62.
Checklist: ¨¨ Author/Editor(s)’ surname, a
comma, followed by their initials
1. Chapter author(s)’ surname, followed by 2. Year of publication in 3. Title of chapter, 4. In, followed by ¨¨ Surname of author of with a full stop after each initial,
a comma, followed by their initials with a round brackets followed by a full stop a colon introduction/foreword/afterword, or corporate author
full stop after each initial a comma, followed by their initials
with a full stop after each initial ¨¨ If the book has an editor, put ed.
in round brackets. If it has more
¨¨ Year of publication in round than one editor, use eds.
Legge, K. (2007) HRM: rhetoric, reality and hidden agendas. In: brackets
John Storey (ed.) Human resource management: a critical text. ¨¨ Introduction/foreword/afterword
¨¨ Year of publication in round
brackets
3rd edition. London: Thomson, 33-62. then in
¨¨ Title (and subtitle if applicable)
¨¨ Title (and subtitle if applicable) in italics, followed by a full stop
5. Editor(s)’ first 6. Put ed. in round 7. Title (and subtitle if applicable) of book
name and brackets. If it has in italics, followed by a full stop of book in italics, followed by
surname more than one a full stop ¨¨ Edition (only if not the first edition)
editor use eds. followed by a full stop
¨¨ Edition (only if not the first edition)
followed by full stop ¨¨ In square brackets put online
8. Edition (only if not the 9. Place of publication, 10. Publisher, followed 11. Page range, followed
first edition) followed followed by a colon by a colon by a full stop ¨¨ Place of publication, followed
by a full stop
¨¨ Place of publication, followed
by a colon by a colon
¨¨ Publisher, followed by a full stop ¨¨ Publisher, followed by a full stop
¨¨ Available from, followed by the
web address
Checklist:
¨¨ In square brackets put Accessed
¨¨ Chapter author(s)’ surname, a ¨¨ Title (and subtitle if applicable) 3.8 Ebook and the date you accessed the
comma, followed by their initials of book in italics, followed by a ebook, followed by a full stop
In-text citation
with a full stop after each initial full stop
(MacLaren and Morton, 2012) for the
¨¨ Year of publication in round ¨¨ Edition (only if not the first edition) whole text
brackets followed by full stop
(MacLaren and Morton, 2012, 57)
¨¨ Title of chapter, followed by ¨¨ Place of publication, followed when referring to a specific page
a full stop by a colon (MacLaren and Morton, 2012, 57-75)
¨¨ In, followed by a colon ¨¨ Publisher, followed by a comma when referring to a page range
¨¨ Editor(s)’ first name and surname ¨¨ Page range, followed by a full stop
¨¨ Put ed. in round brackets. If it has
more than one editor, use eds.
3 Books
3 BooksA
3 Referencing Handbook: Harvard Books A
3
3.9 Ebook on a reader 3.10 Book review
(Kindle, etc.)
In-text citation
In-text citation (Palfreyman, 2012, 31) when referring to
(Hawking and Mlodinow, 2010) for whole text a specific page.
(Hawking and Mlodinow, 2010, chapter 2) (Palfreyman, 2012, 31-33) when referring to
3.11 Sacred texts
when using a direct quotation from an ebook a range of pages. When quoting from the Bible or any sacred
on a reader you should refer to the chapter text, you should name the title of the text
number, because there are no page numbers. Reference list
followed by the book, chapter and verse.
Palfreyman, J. (2012) Successful mentoring
Reference list in nursing by Liz Aston and Paula Hallam In-text citation
Hawking, S. and Mlodinow, L. (2010) reviewed in Nursing Standard, 26(21) 31. (The Holy Bible, Genesis, 1:1)
The grand design. [Kindle] London:
Transworld Digital. Reference list
Checklist:
The Holy Bible containing the Old and New
Checklist: ¨¨ Reviewer(s)’ surname, a comma, Testaments. [Authorised King James Version]
followed by their initials with a full (undated) London: Collins Bible.
¨¨ Author/Editor(s)’ surname, a stop after each initial
comma, followed by their initials
with a full stop after each initial, ¨¨ Year of publication of review in Checklist:
or corporate author round brackets
¨¨ Title (and subtitle if applicable)
¨¨ If the book has an editor, put ed. ¨¨ Title (and subtitle if applicable) in italics, followed by a full stop
in round brackets. If it has more of the book being reviewed
¨¨ Version (if applicable) in square
than one editor, use eds. ¨¨ Put by, then the author(s)’(of the brackets
¨¨ Year of publication in round book being reviewed) first name
and surname ¨¨ Year of publication in round
brackets brackets (if known, if not put
¨¨ Title (and subtitle if applicable) ¨¨ Put reviewed in, followed by the undated)
in italics, followed by a full stop title of the publication containing
the review in italics, then a comma ¨¨ Place of publication, followed
¨¨ Edition (only if not the first edition) by a colon
followed by a full stop ¨¨ Volume number
¨¨ Publisher, followed by a full stop
¨¨ In square brackets give the type ¨¨ If there is a part, issue, month or
of ebook reader season, put this information in
round brackets
¨¨ Place of publication, followed
by a colon ¨¨ Page numbers, followed by a
full stop
¨¨ Publisher, followed by a full stop
3 Books
3 BooksA
4 Referencing Handbook: Harvard 5
Case studies Conference papers
In-text citation In-text citation
(The Times 100 Business Case Studies, 2010) for whole text. (Almorsy, M. et al, 2011) for the whole text
(The Times 100 Business Case Studies, 2010, 77) when referring to a specific page (Almorsy, M. et al, 2011, 364) when referring to a specific page
(The Times 100 Business Case Studies, 2010, 76-79) when referring to a range of pages (Almorsy, M. et al, 2011, 364-366) when referring to a range of pages
Reference list Reference list
The Times 100 Business Case Studies (2010) Providing consumers with ethically sourced Almorsy, M., Grundy, J. and Ibrahim, A.S. (2011) Collaboration-based cloud computing security
garments: a Primark case study. [case study] Tadcaster: Business Case Studies LLP. management framework. In: Ling Liu and Manish Parashar (eds.) Cloud 2011: IEEE 4th Interna-
tional Conference on Cloud Computing, Washington D.C. 4-9 July, Washington D.C., USA: The
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 364-371.
1. Author/editor(s)’ surname, a comma, 2. Year of publication in round 3. Title (followed by a colon and subtitle
followed by their initials with a full stop brackets if applicable) of book in italics, followed
after each initial, or corporate author by a full stop 1. Author(s)’ surname, a comma, 2. Year of publication in 3. Title (and subtitle if applicable) of
followed by their initials with a full round brackets conference paper, followed by a full stop
stop after each initial
5. Editor(s)’ first name and surname
4. In, followed by a colon (if available) followed by ed. or
The Times 100 Business Case Studies (2010) Providing consumers eds. in round brackets
with ethically sourced garments: a Primark case study. [case study]
Tadcaster: Business Case Studies LLP. Almorsy, M. Grundy, J. and Ibrahim, A.S. (2011) Collaboration-based
cloud computing security management framework. In: Ling Liu and
4. In square brackets
5. Place of publication, 6. Publisher, followed by a put case study Manish Parashar (eds.) Cloud 2011: IEEE 4th International Conference
followed by a colon full stop on Cloud Computing, Washington D.C. 4-9 July, Washington D.C., USA:
The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 364-371.
Checklist: 6. Title of the conference in italics, 7. Place and date of conference 8. Place of publication,
followed by a comma separated by commas followed by a colon
¨¨ Author/editor(s)’ surname, a ¨¨ In square brackets put case study
comma, followed by their initials 9. Publisher, followed by a comma 10. Page number(s), followed by a full stop
¨¨ Place of publication, followed
with a full stop after each initial,
by a colon
or corporate author
¨¨ Publisher, followed by a full stop
¨¨ If the book has an editor, put ed.
in round brackets. If it has more ¨¨ If the case study is online put
than one editor, use eds. Available from, followed by the
web address
¨¨ Year of publication in round
brackets ¨¨ In square brackets put Accessed
5 Conference Papers
and the date you accessed the
¨¨ Title (followed by a colon and
case study, followed by a full stop
subtitle if applicable) of book in
4 Case studies
italics, followed by a full stopA
5 Referencing Handbook: Harvard 6
Correspondence
Checklist: 6.1 Email
¨¨ Author(s)’ surname, a comma, ¨¨ If the conference paper is You should seek permission from the sender before referring to personal emails in your
followed by their initials with a unpublished, put unpublished academic work.
full stop after each initial in square brackets, followed by
a full stop In-text citation
¨¨ Year of publication in round
(Havenhand, 2013)
brackets ¨¨ Place of publication, followed
by a colon Reference list
¨¨ Title (and subtitle if applicable)
of conference paper, followed by ¨¨ Publisher, followed by a comma Havenhand, J. (2013) Referencing help guide. [email] Sent to Helen Williams, 17 June.
a full stop
¨¨ Page number(s), followed by
¨¨ In, followed by a colon a full stop
¨¨ Editor(s)’ first name and surname ¨¨ If the conference paper is online 1. Sender(s)’ surname, a comma, 2. Year the email was sent 3. Subject line or a short 4. In square brackets
(if available) followed by ed. or eds. put Available from, followed by followed by their initials with a in round brackets description, if more appropriate, put email
full stop after each initial in italics, followed by a full stop
in round brackets the web address
¨¨ Title of the conference in italics, ¨¨ In square brackets put Accessed
followed by a comma and the date you accessed the
¨¨ Place and date of conference
paper, followed by a full stop Havenhand, J. (2013) Referencing help guide. [email] Sent to Helen
separated by commas Williams, 17 June.
5. Sent to, followed by recipient(s)’ first 6. Day and month the email was sent,
name and surname, followed by a comma followed by a full stop
Checklist:
¨¨ Sender(s)’ surname, a comma, ¨¨ In square brackets put email
followed by their initials with a
¨¨ Sent to, followed by recipient(s)’
full stop after each initial
first name and surname, followed
¨¨ Year the email was sent in round by a comma
brackets
¨¨ Day and month the email was sent,
¨¨ Subject line or a short description, followed by a full stop
if more appropriate, in italics,
followed by a full stop
5 Conference Papers
6 CorrespondenceA
6 Referencing Handbook: Harvard 7
Dance
6.2 Letter 6.3 Mailing list In-text citation
(English National Ballet, 2013)
You should seek permission from the sender In-text citation
before referring to personal letters in your (Hicks, 2013) Reference list
academic work. English National Ballet (2013) Petite mort. [performance] Jirí Kylián (chor.) London: Coliseum,
Reference list 19 April.
In-text citation
Hicks, B. (2013) Participate in a survey
(Lloyd George, 1913) to map dementia care research. [mailing
list] Sent to NURSE-UK, 10 May. Available
Reference list
from https://www.jiscmail.ac.uk/cgi-bin/
Lloyd George, D. (1913) Political and webadmin?A2=ind1305&L=NURSE- 1. Performer(s)’ first 2. Year of performance 3. Title of performance 4. In square brackets put
military situation in Eastern Europe. UK&F=&S=&P=2039 [Accessed 19 name and surname or in round brackets in italics, followed by performance
[letter] Sent to Winston Churchill, 3 April. June 2013]. company name a full stop
London: Churchill Archive. Available from 5. Choreographer’s first
name and surname
http://www.churchillarchive.com/explore/
page?id=CHAR%2013%2F19%2F95 Checklist:
[Accessed 19 June 2013]. ¨¨ Sender(s)’ surname, a comma,
followed by their initials with a English National Ballet (2013) Petite mort. [performance] Jirí Kylián
Checklist:
full stop after each initial (chor.) London: Coliseum, 19 April.
¨¨ Sender(s)’ surname, a comma,
¨¨ Year in round brackets
followed by their initials with 6. Put chor. (abbreviation for 8. Name of venue, 9. Day and month of performance,
a full stop after each initial ¨¨ Subject line or a short description, choreographer) in round brackets followed by a comma followed by a full stop
if more appropriate, in italics,
¨¨ Year in round brackets 7. Place of performance, followed by
followed by a full stop
a colon
¨¨ Give a short description of the
¨¨ In square brackets put mailing list
content in italics, followed by
a full stop ¨¨ Sent to, followed by the mailing list
name, followed by a comma
¨¨ In square brackets put letter
¨¨ Day and month of the posting, Checklist:
¨¨ Sent to, followed by the
followed by a full stop ¨¨ Performer(s)’ first name and ¨¨ Put chor. (abbreviation for
recipient(s)’ first name and
surname, followed by a comma ¨¨ Available from, followed by the surname or company name choreographer) in round brackets
web address ¨¨ Year of performance in round ¨¨ Place of performance, followed
¨¨ Day and month of letter followed
by a full stop ¨¨ In square brackets put Accessed brackets by a colon
and the date you accessed the ¨¨ Title of performance in italics, ¨¨ Name of venue, followed by
¨¨ If the letter is in a collection put
mailing list, followed by a full stop followed by a full stop a comma
location of collection, followed
by a colon ¨¨ In square brackets put ¨¨ Day and month of performance,
¨¨ Name of the collection (if performance followed by a full stop
applicable) followed by a full stop ¨¨ Choreographer’s first name and
6 Correspondence
¨¨ If the letter is online put Available surname
from, followed by the web address
¨¨ In square brackets put Accessed
7 Dance
and the date you accessed the
letter, followed by a full stopA
8 Diagrams, figures, Referencing Handbook: Harvard
Film, television, 9
images, tables radio
9.1 Film
If you reproduce any diagrams, figures, images or tables from a printed or an online source you
In-text citation
should provide a caption, instead of an in-text citation, acknowledging its source.
(Luhrmann, 2013)
For example, if you reproduced the table from page 1155 in Campbell Biology by Reece et al your
caption would be: Reference list
Luhrmann, B. (dir.) (2013) The great Gatsby. [film] London: Warner Bros.
Summation of twitches from Reece at al (2011), 1155
You will also need to include the details of the source in your reference list – follow the relevant
checklist for your source.
1. Director(s)’ surname, a comma, 2. Put dir. (abbreviation for director) 3. Year of release in round brackets
Reference list
followed by their initials with a full in round brackets. If it has more
Reece, J.B., Urry, L., Cain, M., Wasserman, S.A., Minorsky, P. V. and Jackson, R.B. (2011) stop after each initial than one director, use dirs.
Campbell biology. 9th edition. Boston: Pearson.
4. Title in italics, followed by a full stop 5. In square brackets put film
Luhrmann, B. (dir.) (2013) The great Gatsby. [film] London:
Warner Bros.
7. Distribution company, followed by 6. Location of distributor (if known)
a full stop followed by a colon
Checklist:
¨¨ Director(s)’ surname, a comma, ¨¨ Title in italics, followed by a
followed by their initials with a full full stop
stop after each initial
¨¨ In square brackets put film
¨¨ Put dir. (abbreviation for director)
8 Diagrams, figures, images, tables
¨¨ Location of distributor (if known)
in round brackets. If it has more
followed by a colon
than one director, use dirs.
¨¨ Distribution company, followed
¨¨ Year of release in round brackets
by a full stop
9 Film, television, radioA
9 Referencing Handbook: Harvard Film, television, radio 9
9.2 Broadcast television/radio 9.3 DVD – film 9.4 DVD – television 9.6 Online archive of off-air
programme recordings (e.g. Box of
In-text citation In-text citation Broadcasts)
(My kidney and me, 2012) (Wegener, 1920) In-text citation
(Doctor Who, 2013) In-text citation
Reference list Reference list (Rupert Murdoch: Battle with Britain, 2013)
My kidney and me (2012) [online] 4OD. Wegener, P. (dir.) (1920) Der Golem. [DVD] Reference list
6 August, 22:00. Available from http://www. London: Eureka. Doctor Who (2013) [DVD] series 7, part 2. Reference list
channel4.com/programmes/my-kidney-and- London: BBC. Rupert Murdoch: Battle with Britain (2013)
me/4od [Accessed 1 July 2013]. [online off-air recording] BBC Two. 28 April,
Checklist: 21:00. Available from http://bobnational.net/
Checklist:
¨¨ Director’s surname, a comma, programme php?archive=147494&view=flash_
Checklist: player [Accessed 4 July 2013].
followed by their initials with a ¨¨ Title of the programme in italics
¨¨ Title of the programme in italics full stop after each initial ¨¨ Year of production in round
¨¨ Year of production in round ¨¨ Put dir. (abbreviation for director) brackets Checklist:
brackets in round brackets. If it has more ¨¨ In square brackets put DVD ¨¨ Title of the programme in italics
than one director, use dirs.
¨¨ If the programme is online, put ¨¨ Episode/series number(s), if any, ¨¨ Year of production in round
online in square brackets ¨¨ Year of release in round brackets followed by a full stop brackets
¨¨ Episode/series number(s), if any, ¨¨ Title of film in italics, followed ¨¨ Place of distribution, followed ¨¨ In square brackets put online
followed by a comma by a full stop by a colon off-air recording
¨¨ Broadcast channel, followed by ¨¨ In square brackets put DVD ¨¨ Distribution company, followed ¨¨ Broadcast channel, followed by
a full stop by a full stop a full stop
¨¨ Place of distribution, followed
¨¨ Day and month of transmission, by a colon ¨¨ Day and month of transmission,
followed by a comma followed by a comma
¨¨ Distribution company, followed
¨¨ Time of transmission, using the 24 by a full stop 9.5 Off-air recordings
¨¨ Time of transmission, using the 24
hour clock, followed by a full stop hour clock, followed by a full stop
In-text citation
¨¨ If the programme is online put (Visions of the future, 2008) ¨¨ Available from, followed by the
Available from, followed by the web address
web address Reference list
Visions of the future (2008) [off-air recording] ¨¨ In square brackets put Accessed
¨¨ In square brackets put Accessed and the date you accessed the
and the date you accessed the BBC Four. 30 January, 00:55.
programme, followed by a full stop
programme, followed by a full stop
Checklist:
¨¨ Title of the programme in italics
¨¨ Year of production in round
brackets
¨¨ In square brackets put off-air
recording
9 Film, television, radio
9 Film, television, radio
¨¨ Broadcast channel, followed by
a full stop
¨¨ Day and month of transmission,
followed by a comma
¨¨ Time of transmission, using the 24
hour clock, followed by a full stopA
9 Referencing Handbook: Harvard 10
Interviews
9.7 Amateur film 9.8 Trailer 10.1 Broadcast
In-text citation In-text citation In-text citation
(Graber, 1977) (Villeneuve, 2013) (Twigg, 2013)
Reference list Reference list Reference list
Graber, S. (dir.) (1977) The cat and the tune. Villeneuve, D. (dir.) (2013) Prisoners. [trailer] Twigg, S. (2013) Free schools would remain open. [interview] BBC One. Interviewed by Jeremy
[amateur film] Available from http://www.eafa. Available from http://www.youtube.com/ Vine, The Andrew Marr Show, 30 June.
org.uk/catalogue/3965 [Accessed 1 July 2013]. watch?v=bpXfcTF6iVk [Accessed 1 July 2013].
1. Interviewee(s)’ surname, a 2. Year of interview in 3. Title, or short description if 4. In square brackets
Checklist: Checklist: comma, followed by their initials round brackets more appropriate, followed put interview
with a full stop after each initial by a full stop
¨¨ Director’s surname, a comma, ¨¨ Director’s surname, a comma,
followed by their initials with a full followed by their initials with a full
stop after each initial stop after each initial
¨¨ Put dir. (abbreviation for director) ¨¨ Put dir. (abbreviation for director) Twigg, S. (2013) Free schools would remain open. [interview]
in round brackets. If it has more in round brackets. If it has more BBC One. Interviewed by Jeremy Vine, The Andrew Marr Show,
than one director, use dirs. than one director, use dirs.
10 June
¨¨ In round brackets put date of ¨¨ Date of release in round brackets
production (if not known use
¨¨ Title of the film in italics, followed 5. Broadcast channel, 6. Interviewed by, followed by the interviewer(s)’ 7. Programme name in italics,
undated) followed by a full stop name and surname then a comma followed by a comma
by a full stop
¨¨ Title of the film in italics,
¨¨ In square brackets put trailer 8. Day and month of the interview,
followed by a full stop followed by a full stop
¨¨ If the trailer is accessed online put
¨¨ In square brackets put
Available from, followed by the
amateur film
web address
¨¨ If the film is accessed online put
¨¨ In square brackets put Accessed Checklist:
Available from, followed by the
and the date you accessed the
web address ¨¨ Interviewee(s)’ surname, a comma, ¨¨ Programme name in italics,
trailer, followed by a full stop
¨¨ In square brackets put Accessed followed by their initials with a full followed by a comma
and the date you accessed the stop after each initial
¨¨ Day and month of the interview,
film,followed by a full stop ¨¨ Year of interview in round brackets followed by a full stop
¨¨ Title, or short description if more ¨¨ If the interview is online put
appropriate, followed by a full stop Available from, followed by the
web address
¨¨ In square brackets put interview
9 Film, television, radio
¨¨ In square brackets put Accessed
¨¨ Broadcast channel, followed by
and the date you accessed the
a full stop
interview, followed by a full stop
¨¨ Interviewed by, followed by the
10 Interviews
interviewer(s)’ first name and
surname then a commaA
10 Referencing Handbook: Harvard
Journals, 11
magazines, periodicals
11.1 Journal articles
10.2 Personal
In-text citation
You should seek permission from the interviewee/interviewer before referring to a personal
(Battilana and Casciaro, 2013) for whole article
interview in your academic work.
(Battilana and Casciaro, 2013, 62) when referring to a single page
In-text citation (Battilana and Casciaro, 2013, 62-64) when referring to a range of pages
(Snowley, 2013)
Reference list
Reference list Battilana, J. and Casciaro, T. (2013) The network secrets of great change agents. Harvard
Snowley, I. (2013) Questions on referencing. [interview] Interviewed by Lys Ann Reiners, 1 July. Business Review, 91(7) 62-68.
Checklist:
1. Author(s)’ surname, a comma, followed by their
¨¨ Interviewee(s)’ surname, a comma, ¨¨ In square brackets put interview initials with a full stop after each initial - if there
is more than one author, you should name all of 2. Year of publication in 3. Title (and subtitle if applicable) of
followed by their initials with a full
¨¨ Interviewed by, followed by the them in the order they are given in the article round brackets article, followed by a full stop
stop after each initial
interviewer(s)’ first name and
¨¨ Year of interview in round brackets surname, followed by a comma
¨¨ Title or short description, if more ¨¨ Day and month of the interview,
Battilana, J. and Casciaro, T. (2013) The network secrets of great
appropriate, in italics, followed by followed by a full stop change agents. Harvard Business Review, 91(7) 62-68.
a full stop
4. Title of journal in italics, followed 5. Volume number 6. If there is a part/issue/month/ 7. Page numbers, followed
by a comma season, put this information in by a full stop
round brackets
Checklist:
¨¨ Author(s)’ surname, a comma, ¨¨ If there is a part/issue/month/
followed by their initials with a full season, put this information in
stop after each initial – if there is round brackets
more than one author, you should
11 Journals, magazines, periodicals
¨¨ Page numbers, followed by a
name all of them in the order they
full stop
are given in the article
¨¨ If the journal article is online put
¨¨ Year of publication in round
Available from, followed by the
brackets
web address
¨¨ Title (and subtitle if applicable)
¨¨ In square brackets put Accessed
of article, followed by a full stop
and the date you accessed the
¨¨ Title of journal in italics, followed journal article, followed by a
10 Interviews
by a comma full stop
¨¨ Volume numberA
11 Referencing Handbook: Harvard 12
Law
11.2 Pre-prints 11.3 Post-prints/articles in press Law students should follow the Oxford Standard for the Citation of Legal Authorities (OSCOLA)
as this is the Law School’s preferred style of referencing. Below are guidelines for non-law students
You may find articles in a repository, or on Post-prints and articles in press have been who need to refer to legal publications using Harvard.
a publisher’s website, which have been submitted for peer review and accepted for
made available online before they have publication but have not yet been published 12.1 Cases (Law Reports)
been submitted for peer review or published in a specific journal issue. Publishers will often
You should refer to cases by their party names and year in your in-text citation. This information will
in a journal. assign a DOI (digital object identifier) to uniquely
be available at the beginning of a Law Report.
identify the record.
In-text citation
In-text citation
(Risler and Basun, 2013) for the whole article In-text citation
(Pepper v Hart, 1993)
(Tusting et al, 2013) for the whole article
Reference list
Reference list
Risler, T. and Basun, M. (2013) Morphological Reference list
You should include the party names, year and information about where the case has been
instabilities of stratified epithelia: a mechanical Tusting, L.S., Willey, B., Lucas, H., Thompson,
reported in your reference list exactly as it appears at the beginning of a Law Report.
instability in tumour formation. [pre-print] J., Kafy, H.T., Smith, R. and Lindsay, S.W.
Submitted to New Journal of Physics. Available (2013) Socioeconomic development as an Pepper v Hart [1993] AC 593.
from http://arxiv.org/pdf/1306.5676v1.pdf intervention against malaria: a systematic
[Accessed 28 June 2013]. review and meta-analysis. [in press] The
Lancet. Available from http://www.thelancet. 1. Party names (separated by 2. Year the case was heard (in round or square
a v) in italics brackets – follow the style given in the Law Report)
Checklist: com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-
6736(13)60851-X/fulltext#article_upsell
¨¨ Author(s)’ surname, a comma, [Accessed 1 July 2013].
followed by their initials with a full
stop after each initial – if there is Checklist: Pepper v Hart [1993] AC 593.
more than one author, you should
name all of them in the order they ¨¨ Author(s)’ surname, a comma,
are given in the article followed by their initials with a full 3. Abbreviation of Law Report series or, for a neutral 3. Page number or, for a neutral citation,
stop after each initial – if there is citation, the Court and Division where the case case, followed by a full stop
¨¨ Year of writing in round brackets
more than one author, you should was heard
¨¨ Title (and subtitle if applicable) of name all of them in the order they
article, followed by a full stop are given in the article
Checklist:
¨¨ In square brackets put pre-print ¨¨ Year of writing in round brackets
¨¨ Submitted to (if this information is ¨¨ Party names (separated by a v) ¨¨ Abbreviation of Law Report
¨¨ Title (and subtitle if applicable) of
11 Journals, magazines, periodicals
with the article) in italics series or, for a neutral citation,
article, followed by a full stop
the Court and Division where the
¨¨ Title of journal (if available) in ¨¨ Year the case was heard (in round
¨¨ In square brackets put post-print/ case was heard
italics, followed by a full stop or square brackets – follow the
in press
style given in the Law Report) ¨¨ Page number or, for a neutral
¨¨ Available from, followed by the ¨¨ Title of journal in italics, followed citation, case number, followed
web address ¨¨ Volume number, if applicable
by a full stop by a full stop
¨¨ In square brackets put Accessed ¨¨ Available from, followed by the
and the date you accessed the web address/DOI
pre-print, followed by a full stop
¨¨ In square brackets put Accessed
and the date you accessed the
article, followed by a full stop
12 LawA
12 Referencing Handbook: Harvard Law 12
12.2 Unreported UK cases 12.3 Acts of Parliament (Statutes) 12.5 Bills before Parliament 12.6 EU Regulations, Directives,
Decisions
In-text citation In-text citation In-text citation
(Evans v Governor of H.M. Prison Brockhill, (Justice and Security Act, 2013) for whole Act (Transport Bill, 1999) In-text citation
1985) (Justice and Security Act, 2013, s.2) when (Commission Decision, 2013/C 187/08)
Reference list
referring to a specific section
Reference list Transport Bill (1999) House of Commons (Bill 8 Reference list
(Justice and Security Act, 2013, s.2(2)) when
Evans v Governor of H.M. Prison Brockhill 1999-2000). London: The Stationery Office. Commission Decision of 28 June 2013
referring to a specific subsection
(1985) [unreported] Court of Appeal (Civil appointing members and alternatives of
Division), 19 June. Reference list Checklist: the Committee for Advanced Therapies to
represent clinicians and patients’ associations.
Justice and Security Act 2013 (c.18). London:
Checklist: ¨¨ Short title of the Bill in italics Official Journal of the European Union (2013/C
HMSO.
187/08) 29 June. Available from http://
¨¨ Year of publication in round
¨¨ Party names (separated by a v) eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.
Checklist: brackets
in italics do?uri=OJ:C:2013:187:0009:0009:EN:PDF
¨¨ The House the Bill was heard in [Accessed 21 June 2013].
¨¨ Year the case was heard in round ¨¨ Short title of the Act, including
brackets the year, in italics ¨¨ In round brackets put the Bill
number and session, followed Checklist:
¨¨ In square brackets put unreported ¨¨ In round brackets put c.
by a full stop
(abbreviation for chapter) followed ¨¨ Title including the type of
¨¨ Court where the case was heard,
by the chapter number in italics, ¨¨ Place of publication, followed document (e.g. Commission
followed by a comma
then a full stop by a colon Decision) followed by a full stop
¨¨ Day and month the case was heard
¨¨ Place of publication, followed by ¨¨ Publisher, followed by a full stop ¨¨ If published in the Official Journal
(if known) followed by a full stop
a colon (OJ) put Official Journal of the
¨¨ Publisher, followed by a full stop European Union in italics
¨¨ Document reference in round
brackets
12.4 Statutory Instruments ¨¨ Day and month of publication,
followed by a full stop
In-text citation
(The Severn Bridges Tolls Order, 2012) ¨¨ If accessed online put Available
from, followed by the web address
Reference list entry
¨¨ In square brackets put Accessed
The Severn Bridges Tolls Order 2012, SI and the date you accessed the
2012/3136. London: The Stationery Office. document, followed by a full stop
Checklist:
¨¨ Title of Statutory Instrument
including year in italics, followed
by a comma
¨¨ SI, followed by the year of
enactment, a forward slash, then
the statutory instrument number
and a full stop
¨¨ Place of publication, followed
by a colon
12 Law
12 Law
¨¨ Publisher, followed by a full stopA
12 Referencing Handbook: Harvard 13
Leaflets, pamphlets
12.7 Treaties In-text citation
(The National Gallery, 2009)
In-text citation
(Treaty of Lisbon, 2007) Reference list
The National Gallery (2009) Picasso: challenging the past 25 February - 7 June 2009. London:
Reference list The National Gallery.
Treaty of Lisbon amending the Treaty on European Union and the Treaty establishing the European
Community, 13 December 2007 (2007/C 306/01). Available from http://eur-lex.europa.eu/JOHtml.
do?uri=OJ:C:2007:306:SOM:EN:HTML [Accessed 20 June 2013]. 1. Author/Editor(s)’ surname, a comma, 2. Year of publication in 3. Title (and subtitle if applicable)
followed by their initials with a full stop round brackets of the leaflet/pamphlet in italics,
after each initial, or corporate author followed by a full stop
Checklist:
¨¨ Title in italics, followed by ¨¨ If the treaty is online put Available
a comma from, followed by the web address The National Gallery (2009) Picasso: challenging the past 25
¨¨ Day, month and year the treaty ¨¨ In square brackets put Accessed February - 7 June 2009. London: The National Gallery.
was signed and the date you accessed the
treaty, followed by a full stop
¨¨ In round brackets put the 4. Place of publication (if known) followed by a colon 5. Publisher (if known) followed by a full stop
document reference, followed
by a full stop
Checklist:
¨¨ Author/Editor(s)’ surname, a ¨¨ Place of publication (if known)
comma, followed by their initials followed by a colon
with a full stop after each initial,
¨¨ Publisher (if known) followed
or corporate author
by a full stop
¨¨ Year of publication in round
brackets
¨¨ Title (and subtitle if applicable)
of leaflet/pamphlet in italics,
followed by a full stop
13 Leaflets, pamphlets
12 LawYou can also read
