THE COATINGS EXPERT YOUR BRAIN GAINER New solutions for your coating applications - Evonik Industries
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ISSUE 2019
THE COATINGS EXPERT
YOUR BRAIN GAINER
New solutions for your coating applications.
DYNAPOL® polyesters
for high-end packaging
High-performance polymers coatings
for demanding powder coating
applications Meeting global
regulatory drivers
TEGO® Glide
Promoting flow and Recoatable
leveling with Evonik
superwetters
Cure-2-Go:
Anquamine® 728
curing agent
ACEMATT® 3400
New high-performance
matting agent
THE COATINGS EXPERT 2019
EDITORIAL
Dr. Claus Rettig
Chairman of the Board of Management
Evonik Resource Efficiency GmbH
2
Dear Readers,
New market trends, the shift to digital We offer numerous solutions to meet
technologies, and increasing demands existing and emerging environmental
on products and applications – the regulations while boosting applicator
coatings market constantly confronts productivity and coating performance.
us with formidable new challenges. These include Anquamine® 728
At Evonik, we gladly accept those waterborne curing agent for epoxy
challenges. flooring primers and topcoats, as well
as Ancaminde® 2769 for excellent
As a front runner in innovation, we corrosion resistance performance.
know that the hunt for truly innovative Furthermore we offer TEGO®
solutions is something like a brain AddBond LTW for additional adhesion
teaser. Lateral thinking and per- in can coatings, VISIOMER® Methac-
sistence help solve even the most rylates for crosslinking solutions, and
daunting tasks. But thanks to our Direct-to-Metal (DTM) coatings for
broad knowledge of the market and metals. In this issue you will learn
close cooperation with our customers, more about these and many other
we can help coatings manufacturers exciting topics for the global chal-
enhance their formulations to improve lenges of our time.
performance and effectiveness.
We hope you enjoy reading the new
Resource preservation, durability and journal!
flexibility in coatings for metal objects,
long-lasting protection against bio- Yours,
logical growth, and new binders for Dr. Claus Rettig
heat-seal applications are just a few of
the issues we address.
3
THE COATINGS EXPERT 2019
CONTENTS
06
10 18
06 Cure-2-Go: Anquamine® 728 18 High-performance waterborne
curing agent New epoxy floor epoxy formulation for self-level-
coatings with unrivalled fast cure ing cementitious coating for
and improved aesthetics concrete
10 ACEMATT® 3400 21 Improving adhesion:
New high-performance matting A continuing challenge with
agent with high transparency and modern, compliant coatings
soft-touch properties for
high-quality coating applications 26 High-performance polymers
for demanding powder coating
12 Epoxy curing agents for applications
chemical resistant applications
31 New additive to eliminate
16 Functional coatings R&D pinhole for water-based coating
competence center established formulations
4
38
50
64
38 Meeting global regulatory 54 Innovation in the AEROSIL®
drivers while boosting applicator process eliminates bead milling
productivity
57 Promoting flow and leveling
40 Moisture mitigation solutions with Evonik superwetters
for flooring systems using Evonik’s
epoxy curing agents 62 DYNAPOL® polyesters
for high-end packaging coatings
46 Smooth coating surfaces
with superwetters 64 VESTAGON®: From high-perfor-
mance solutions to future innovations
48 TEGO® Glide recoatable
68 A new class of binders for high-per-
50 Driving higher performance formance architectural Coil Coatings
with ultra-high solids epoxy sys-
tems for long-term asset protection 73 VISIOMER® HEMA-P 70M
A new all-rounder
5
THE COATINGS EXPERT 2019
CURE-2-GO:
ANQUAMINE® 728
CURING AGENT
NEW EPOXY FLOOR COATINGS
WITH UNRIVALLED FAST CURE
AND IMPROVED AESTHETICS
6
“WHAT PROBLEMS KEEP YOU UP AT
NIGHT?”
A simple question to customers
that displayed unmet needs in
today’s industry floor coatings: – “I need
to reduce my floor system cost … I want
coatings with improved robustness under
adverse cure condition … And also, I
need good aesthetics and an epoxy system
that meets stringent VOC/emission
requirements”. In the application of
epoxy industry floors, a maximum of
four hours is acceptable to wait in
between applying the primer and the
topcoat, irrespective of cure conditions.
Customers confirmed: “Anything longer
than four hours and we will [have to] send
the application team home, only to come
back the next day again.” Challenging
targets. Especially given the fact that
fast-cure epoxy systems require 8-12
hours at low temperature cure (10 °C /
50 °F) before receiving a second coat
and generally these systems suffer from
carbamation.
7
THE COATINGS EXPERT 2019
Evonik Crosslinkers answers these lent aesthetics and good compatibility
unmet needs with the commercializa- with pigment pastes. Anquamine® 728
tion of Anquamine® 728. The new based coatings have a low tendency to
product is a waterborne amine curing carbamation and waterspotting and
agent that offers fast cure and good can be applied up to 500 g/m2 / 20 mils
aesthetics, for use in epoxy primers wet film thickness. Two coats per day
and topcoats on concrete substrates. and next day back-in-service enables
Combined with Ancarez® AR-555 applicators to improve productivity
solid epoxy resin dispersion, it yields and save cost/m2. The end-user
a primer with recoat times of less than receives a floor system that comes
four hours at 10 °C / 50 °F and excel- with excellent aesthetics and has
lent adhesion to damp concrete. potential to meet stringent emission
Topcoats are best formulated with requirements. That’s Cure-2-Go with
diluted liquid epoxy resins for excel- Anquamine® 728!
8
Figure 1
Recoat time of epoxy coatings to damp concrete at low tempera-
ture cure condition. Comparison of Anquamine® 728 (Anq 728)
versus a fast-cure mannich base epoxy system.
Recoat time of epoxy coatings (h)
Damp concrete, 9.5°C, 2–4% moisture
10
4
3
Anq 728 Anq 728 Mannich
400 g/m2 600 g/m2 base
Figure 2
Comparison of Delta-E as a function of hours of UV-A exposure:
White epoxy coating based on Anquamine® 728 versus an
equivalent coating based on solvent-free epoxy technology.
Delta E after hours of UV-A exposure
Solvent-free epoxy
Anquamine® 728
Time of exposure to UV-A light (h)
CONTACT
Robert Rasing
robert.rasing@evonik.com
9
THE COATINGS EXPERT 2019
ACEMATT® 3400
NEW HIGH-PERFORMANCE MATTING AGENT WITH HIGH TRANS-
PARENCY AND SOFT-TOUCH PROPERTIES FOR HIGH-QUALITY
COATING APPLICATIONS
Evonik presents its new ACEMATT® In regards to rheology, the special
3400. It is the new matting agent in after-treatment of ACEMATT® 3300
the ACEMATT® product family of and ACEMATT® 3400 prevents the
Evonik Resource Efficiency GmbH, adsorption of associative thickeners in
specially developed for high-transpar- water-based systems. When formu-
ency clear coatings and soft-touch lated with particular polyurethane
coatings with smooth surfaces. binders, it can also improve the soft-
touch feel.
ACEMATT® 3400 is a surface-treated,
thermal silica with medium particle ACEMATT® matting agents are
size of 7.5 µm. The improved grind high-performance silica developed for
performance results in a smooth sur- gloss reduction in a vast range of
face finish with outstanding optical applications in the paints and coatings
and haptic properties. industry.
This highly efficient silica is intended Our best recommendations for
for use in clear coatings, water-based high-quality coatings with excellent
and solvent-based coatings. Typical transparency are the family of
application fields include wood coat- thermal silica ACEMATT® TS 100,
ings, plastics, and automotive coat- ACEMATT® 3300, and ACEMATT®
ings. In addition, this new type of 3400.
matting agent can be used in high
solids and low-VOC formulations.
10FAMILY OF EVONIK THERMAL SILICA MATTING AGENTS
ACEMATT® TS 100
yy No surface treatment
yy Particle size d50 = 9.5 µm
yy Excellent matting efficiency
yy Highest transparency
ACEMATT® 3300
yy Organic surface treatment
yy Particle size d50 = 10.0 µm
yy Highest matting efficiency
yy High transparency
yy Soft-touch effect
ACEMATT® 3400
yy Organic surface treatment
yy Particle size d50 = 7.5 µm
yy High matting efficiency
yy High transparency
yy Soft-touch effect
yy Higher smoothness than
ACEMATT® 3300
CONTACT
Thomas Klotzbach
thomas.klotzbach@evonik.com
11THE COATINGS EXPERT 2019
EPOXY CURING AGENTS
FOR CHEMICAL RESISTANT
APPLICATIONS
T wo-component epoxy systems pro-
vide excellent mechanical properties,
chemical resistance, and adhesion to a wide
range of substrates. Therefore, they are
frequently chosen over other technologies,
especially when chemical resistance is an
important attribute. Chemical resistance is
required in a variety of applications from
construction and infrastructure to protec-
tive metal coatings. In the construction and
infrastructure sector, epoxy systems are
often utilized to improve chemical resis-
tance in flooring, wastewater treatment
plants, sewer, power plants, secondary
containment, mortars, and grouts. For
flooring applications, chemical resistance is
critical in areas where the concrete flooring
is regularly exposed to various chemicals,
for example food and beverage preparation
and service areas, meat packaging plants,
dairy farms, paper and pulp plants, and
chemical and pharmaceutical facilities.
There are a number of key factors to be
considered when selecting the right epoxy
system for chemical resistance. These
12factors encompass the type of appli- to help epoxy formulators meet their
cation, substrate, classes of chemicals evolving needs for improved chemical
to which resistance is required, dura- resistance epoxy systems.
tion of resistance, degree of resis-
tance, and processing and application For ambient-cure epoxy systems,
requirements. In addition to chemical amine curing agents for chemical
resistance, many applications require resistant applications can be separated
other important attributes such as into two basic categories, aliphatic
low-temperature cure, rapid develop- amine and cycloaliphatic amine curing
ment of hardness, carbamation resis- agents. Cycloaliphatic amine-cured
tance, or low color. Epoxy curing systems offer good resistance to
agents impart significant influence on aqueous solutions, solvents, and inor-
chemical resistance and other proper- ganic acids. Aliphatic amine curing
ties of the cured epoxy systems. agents provide fast cure speed and
Evonik offers a portfolio of products high crosslinking density. For grout
13THE COATINGS EXPERT 2019
and mortar applications where water surfactants would negatively affect
cleanability is needed, formulated the chemical resistance. Table 1 lists
amidoamine curing agents are often the characteristics of selected amine
selected. For instance, Ancamide® curing agents that offer good chemical
2886 curing agent is a newly devel- resistance. Each of these curing
oped curing agent for tile grout agents offers distinct handling or
application. It provides chemical performance advantages over the
resistance to hot oleic acid in food others. In many cases, the optimal
preparation areas where high-tem- performance advantages can be
perature cooking oil is present. obtained by blending the curing
Although cycloaliphatic amine curing agents. For example, a cycloaliphatic
agents can also be used in combination amine can be blended with 10% to
with external surfactants to achieve 30% by weight of a modified aliphatic
water cleanability, the presence of amine, such as Ancamine® 2432 curing
Table 1
Characteristics of the curing agents formulated with standard bisphenol-A based liquid epoxy resin at 25 °C.
Curing agent Gel time (min.) Thin film set time1
Curing agent viscosity (cP) (150 g mass) (h) phr
Ancamine® 1693 100 52 9 50
Ancamine® 2280 450 50 6 58
Ancamine® 2334 1180 42 2 50
Ancamine® 2422 2000 26 NA2 26
Ancamine® 2423 1200 17 3.5 60
Ancamine® 2432 300 46 2 46
Ancamine® 2748 2275 50 7 50
Ancamine® 2749 275 49 5 40
Ancamide® 2886 450 83 11 50
1
BK Drying Recorder, phase 3; 2. Not available.
14agent, for faster cure and improved sol-
vent resistance. Table 2 provides the
examples of specific chemicals to which CONTACT
the resistance is required and recom- Dr. Shiying Zheng
mended curing agents. shiying.zheng@evonik.com
Table 2
Specific chemicals to which resistance is required and corresponding curing agents.
Specific chemicals Curing agents
Aliphatic hydrocarbons, gasohol (10% ethanol) Ancamine® 2432, Ancamine® 1693
Aromatic hydrocarbons (toluene, xylene) Ancamine® 2422
Phenol Ancamine® 2422
Ethanol Ancamine® 2432
Methylene chloride Ancamine® 2422
Citric acid Ancamine® 2432, Ancamine® 2423
Lactic acid Ancamine® 2432, Ancamine® 2423
Acetic acid (low concentration) Ancamine® 2432
Acetic acid (high concentration) Ancamine® 2422
Hot oleic acid for coatings Ancamine® 2334
Hot oleic acid for grout Ancamide® 2886
Phosphoric acid (low and high concentration) Ancamine® 2432
Hydrochloric acid (low and high concentration) Ancamine® 2432
Nitric acid (low concentration) Ancamine® 2432
Nitric acid (high concentration) Ancamine® 2748, Ancamine® 2749
Sulfuric acid (low concentration) Ancamine® 2432
Sulfuric acid (high concentration) Ancamine® 2748, Ancamine® 2749
15THE COATINGS EXPERT 2019
FUNCTIONAL COATINGS R&D
COMPETENCE CENTER ESTABLISHED
Evonik Resource Efficiency bundles its expertise in the Smart Surface
Solutions R&D Competence Center, which focuses on unresolved
questions in the paints and coatings industry.
E vonik Resource Efficiency has
established the Smart Surface
Solutions R&D competence center in
tise in the fields of coatings, particles,
and specialty polymers in order to
selectively improve surface proper-
order to develop effective solutions ties. All opportunities share a common
for previously unresolved issues in the holistic system approach, which is not
paint industry. At several locations – limited to the development of new
Essen (Germany) and Singapore – components for existing coating sys-
more than 25 experts with diverse tems.
education and industry backgrounds
are working on the development of Technology-wise, the R&D compe-
advanced corrosion protection coat- tence center has access to the full
ings, anti-fouling concepts, anti-mi- spectrum of knowledge and technol-
crobial surfaces, and coatings that ogy platforms of Resource Efficiency.
repel dirt and ice. The internal experts are supported
and broadened by external coopera-
The Smart Surface Solutions R&D tion with customers, universities,
competence center combines exper- research institutes, and start-ups.
CONTACT
Dr. Rüdiger Mertsch
ruediger.mertsch@evonik.com
1617
THE COATINGS EXPERT 2019
HIGH-PERFORMANCE WATERBORNE
EPOXY FORMULATION FOR SELF-
LEVELING CEMENTITIOUS COATING
FOR CONCRETE
18S elf-leveling overlay systems for concrete floors offer
numerous benefits. They can correct uneven floors,
repair damaged concrete, and provide a smooth and durable
new surface for decorative and functional treatments.
Non-modified cement-based overlays typically used for this
application can provide durability, long life, and low-mainte-
nance cost coatings. Some of their disadvantages, however,
include delayed hardening, low tensile strength, poor thermal
shock and low chemical resistance. To mitigate these disad-
vantages, the cement can be modified with various types of
organic polymers. One such advanced composition is an epoxy
modified cement (EMC), using Evonik’s waterborne epoxy
thermoset technology based on Anquamine® 287 curing agent
and an epoxy resin.
Anquamine® 287-based EMC has a low odor and can be for-
mulated free of volatile organic compounds (VOC), thus
allowing for application in areas such as schools, offices or
hospitals, that need to remain occupied during application.
Table 1
Epoxy-modified cement formulation based on Anquamine® 287 curing agent
and epoxy resin.
3K-Formulation Components Parts
Part A Liquid epoxy resin/emulsion 5 - 15
Defoamer 0.05 - 0.10
Part B Anquamine® 287 17.0
Water 0 -10
Part C Portland cement 15 - 35
Quartz sand (various particle size) 15 - 35
Superplasticizer (powder) 0 - 0.20
19THE COATINGS EXPERT 2019
A typical 3-component cementitious concrete
formulation based on Anquamine® 287 is shown in
Table 1. The extensive latitude with varying the
binder levels in the formulation provides flexibility
in tailoring the performance properties in terms of
cure speed, thermal properties, chemical resis-
tance, and tensile strength. Evonik’s EMC formu- CONTACT
lation using Anquamine® 287 shows significant Shafiq Fazel
performance benefits over standard polymer shafiq.fazel@evonik.com
modified cements (PMC), including a much higher
compressive strength and better adhesion to con- Svetlana Ivanova
crete (Table 2). svetlana.ivanova@evonik.com
Table 2
Epoxy modified cementitious coating (5% binder content) vs. commercial polymer modified cement
self-leveler coatings.
Test item Commercial PMC Commercial PMC EMC 5%
(22℃/50% RH) self-leveler (1) self-leveler (2) organic binder
Bond strength to concrete 502 psi 552 psi 651 psi
(ASTM D7234), 7d (coating failure) (concrete failure) (Cohesive failure)
1 day 942 2,859 1,678
Compressive 3 days 1,105 3,144 6,700
strength – psi
(ASTM C579) 7 days 1,246 3,146 10,200
28 days 2,214 5,037 13,600
Tensile strength
114 398 1,005
(ASTM C307), 28d - psi
Flexural
311 1,145 2,337
(ASTM C580), 28d - psi
Impact resistance
140 140 90
(ASTM D7294) (In.lbs)
Abrasion resistance
> 500 > 500 300
(ASTM D6037) (mg)
20IMPROVING ADHESION:
A CONTINUING CHALLENGE WITH
MODERN, COMPLIANT COATINGS
P aints and coatings continue to
offer one of the most efficient
and cost-effective means of protecting
fusion, adsorption and/or mechanical
interlocking – or chemical – through
formation of chemical bonds between
and decorating valuable property, the two interfaces. The latter mecha-
equipment and structures, regardless nism is dependent on the chemical
of end-use or environment. Formula- nature of both the coating material
tors continue to innovate new ways to and substrate, but both mechanisms
enhance coating properties while require intimate contact between the
meeting increasing environmental and two layers to ensure maximum adhe-
legislative demands. Adhesion failure sion. It is essential that the coating in
continues to be one of the most com- its liquid or melt state can fully wet the
mon reasons for the loss of coating substrate to ensure the maximum
performance and some of the most contact; therefore, good cleaning and
catastrophic coating failures. Adhe- surface preparation are essential steps
sion failures can appear as blistering, to ensure good adhesion. Roughening
flaking, scaling, peeling or delamina- the surface increases the surface area
tion, but the consequence is inevitably available for adhesive interactions to
damage to the substrate under protec- occur.
tion.
Evonik’s TEGO® AddBond adhesion
Adhesion occurs at the interface of promoters are a family of modified
two similar or dissimilar materials; in polyester resins that can partially
coatings, this is the interface between replace the main coating binder in a
the dried or cured coating and its formulation to enhance its adhesion to
substrate. The main adhesive mecha- difficult substrates. These resins have
nisms are either mechanical – via dif- multiple functional groups that can
21THE COATINGS EXPERT 2019
Figure 1
Mechanism of polyester adhesion resins.
Ability to covalently link to binder
Interaction with binder
Coordination
to e.g. surface
Interaction with substrate metal atoms
interact with various surfaces, while ingly stringent environmental regula-
the polyester binder is compatible tions limit the amount of volatile
with many different resin chemistries solvents that can be used in coatings,
to ensure good performance in many and this limits a formulator’s freedom
different types of coatings (Figure 1). to use these adhesion promoters as
TEGO® AddBond adhesion promoters low viscosity and low solvent content
can also help improve the corrosion are typically mutually exclusive.
resistance of coatings by preventing Evonik has developed two new sol-
or slowing the adhesion failure that vent-free, liquid polyester adhesion
leads to film delamination as corrosion resins that have been designed to
develops. improve adhesion to critical substrates
and between coating layers. These
Typically, adhesion promoter resins adhesion resins can help decrease
are relatively high in viscosity and formulation viscosity and provide
require solvent dilution to achieve a excellent adhesion to various substrates
workable viscosity. However, increas- in high solids, solvent-free, and UV
22formulations. TEGO® AddBond primer. Improvements in adhesion
LP 1600 gives the best flowability were demonstrated by replacing 5%
and strongest reduction of formulation of the main binder in each formulation
VOC content, while LP 1611 has neg- with the new adhesion promoters and
ligible impact on film hardness and good applying the formulation on various
reduction of formulation VOC content. substrates, curing the coating for
The performance of these new prod- seven days and then measuring the
ucts was demonstrated in four differ- cross-cut adhesion (0 – 5 scale where
ent, high solids formulations – a 1K 0 is best). The improvements with the
alkyd metal topcoat, a 1K melamine 1K alkyd topcoat are shown in Table
cured polyester stoving enamel, a 2K 1, but similar results were also seen in
white PU topcoat, and a 2K epoxy the other formulations.
Table 1
Adhesion of alkyd metal topcoats to various substrates. All data measured using 5 %
(by solids content) liquid adhesion resin in place of main resin except where stated.
Without adhesion With TEGO® With TEGO®
Substrate
promoter AddBond LP 1600 AddBond LP 1611
Aluminum GT 4 GT 3 GT 3-4
Al-Alloy GT 1 GT 1 GT 1
Steel GT 1 GT 1 GT 1
Phosphated GT 1 GT 1 GT 1
Zinc GT 4-5 GT 3 GT 3
EDC GT 1 GT 1 GT 1
ABS GT 5 GT 0 (3%) GT 0 (3%)
PA GT 5 GT 1 (10%) GT 1 (10%)
AlMn1Cu GT 4 GT 4 GT 2
Steel GT 2 GT 1 GT 0-1
23THE COATINGS EXPERT 2019
Improvements in adhesion also cor- light stable and do not affect the color
relate with improvements in corrosion and gloss stability of the final coating,
resistance, where film delamination in both QUV and oven stability tests.
after salt spray testing was significantly
reduced. Polyester adhesion resins Chemists developing environmentally
also impart excellent elasticity that friendly, high solids coatings often
results in superior deformability and struggle with obtaining a suitable
impact resistance. VOC-compliant application viscosity while simultane-
coatings are often sensitive to raw ously meeting Volatile Organic Con-
material incompatibilities and this can tent (VOC) limitations. These new
often reduce optical appearance. liquid adhesion resins reduce viscosity
These new liquid adhesion resins are without changing the rheological
very compatible with most binders behavior of the coating, so leveling,
and solvents, ensuring consistent and sag control, and application properties
attractive finishes. The resins are also are not affected. This effect is more
Figure 2
Viscosity reduction in high solids, 2K polyurethane topcoat formulations.
Viscosity at different NVC
2000
1800
1600
1400
1200
[mPas]
1000
800
600
400
200
0
78.8% 76.8% 75.0%
blank with LP 1600 with LP 1611 control
24visibly evident as the solids content of the formulation
increases. Figure 2 shows how the new adhesion
resins lower the viscosity of a 2K polyurethane topcoat
with 5% replacement of main binder. Similar results
are seen in the other formulations tested.
The new TEGO® AddBond LP 1600 and LP 1611
adhesion resins are soluble in most common solvents
and provide benefits in many water-based formulations
when they are formulated with wetting agents in order
to ensure consistent substrate wet-out.
Ensuring excellent coating adhesion to an increasing
number of difficult substrates while meeting modern
VOC requirements remains a challenge for many
coatings formulators. Polyester adhesion resins are a
valuable formulation tool for improving both adhesion
and inter-coat adhesion of many different coatings.
TEGO® AddBond LP 1600 and LP 1611 are new
generation, liquid polyester adhesion resins that are
suitable for ultra high-solids and water-based formu-
lations without compromising other critical perfor-
mance attributes of the coating.
CONTACT
Jim Reader
jim.reader@evonik.com
25THE COATINGS EXPERT 2019
HIGH-PERFORMANCE POLYMERS
FOR DEMANDING POWDER COATING
APPLICATIONS
Recent material developments in long-chain polyamide and PEEK powders as
well as in novel coating technologies could open up new opportunities for
protective or tribological coating applications. In addition to offering the
well-known properties of polyamide 12, which include excellent durability
and chemical resistance, Evonik’s new long-chain polymer powders also
provide increased temperature resistance. Improving performance in this
way could help fulfill unmet coating needs in various industrial applications.
L ong-chain polyamides such as
polyamide 12 (PA 12) powders
have been used in applications such as
unique ability to resist abrasion and
chemicals.
wire and pipe coatings for many years, A trend has recently emerged toward
where they deliver valuable physical long-chain polyamides with increased
and chemical protection for metal. temperature resistance –and Evonik is
Besides long-chain polyamides Evonik responding to that trend by introduc-
offers polyether ether ketone (PEEK) ing newly developed polyamide
powders that are particularly suitable powders for applications with higher
for coating applications that are sub- temperature requirements. Coatings
ject to extreme mechanical, thermal, based on high-performance polymer
and chemical demands. The coating powders could optimize the efficiency
material can withstand consistent and service life of engines, bearings,
operating temperatures of up to and gears, as well as protect pipes and
250 °C and is characterized by its wind turbines from corrosion.
26Coatings made of VESTAKEEP® PEEK PRETREATING THE STEEL
could reduce friction in the planetary SUBSTRATES
gearbox of a wind turbine, transferring Pretreating parts before coating is
power even more efficiently and absolutely essential for removing any
extending the life of the gearbox. adhering grease, oxide layers, and
dust particles. Grease residues can
Evonik coated steel substrates using crack during preheating and contami-
two long-chain polyamide powder nate the surface of the part and
grades (VESTOSINT® 1111 polyamide therefore the coating. Oxide layers
12 powder and a development grade and dust particles result in poor adhe-
with increased temperature resis- sion. We therefore subjected the parts
tance) and two PEEK powder grades to alkaline degreasing, roughened the
(VESTAKEEP® 2000 UFP20 and a parts by sandblasting them with clean
development grade for tribological grit, and then performed an additional
coatings). degreasing step.
27THE COATINGS EXPERT 2019
parts for 3–5 seconds before allowing
them to cool to room temperature
under air exposure.
Electrostatic spraying technology was
employed for coating parts with PEEK.
Using an Optiflex 2S system from the
GEMA company of Switzerland, we
electrostatically charged the powder
by applying a voltage of 100 kV and
then placed the powder-coated parts
in an oven for 10 minutes to generate
a dense and adherent coating. We then
allowed the parts to cool.
PREHEATING THE STEEL Laser-based technology for coating
SUBSTRATES parts with PEEK* was also applied by
Evonik preheated the parts in an oven, our partner Fraunhofer-Institut für
maintaining a uniform temperature Lasertechnik in Aachen (Germany).
profile and varying oven temperatures
between 360°C and 400°C for poly- TESTING
amide coatings and between 380°C Polyamide coatings peeled off of the
and 450°C for PEEK coatings. steel substrate underwent a tensile
test to determine their mechanical
COATING THE STEEL SUBSTRATES properties. The melting point of the
Evonik used the fluidized bed coating polyamide coatings was determined
process for coating parts with long- by DSC as directed in DIN EN ISO
chain polyamides, dipping the pre- 11357. A Taber test (CS17, 500 g) for
heated parts into the fluidized bed performing tribological tests on the
basin with little heat loss. The coating polyamide coatings was used, and a
powder in the basin was uniformly pin-on-disc setup for the PEEK coat-
fluidized with air from the air chamber ings (8 MPa, 0.5 m/s, 5000 m).
through the fine-pored base plate. We Adhesion of the PEEK coatings was
used oil-free air (humidity between determined by a cross-cut test accord-
50% and 70%) for fluidizing, dipping ing to DIN EN ISO 2409.
28RESULTS FOR LONG-CHAIN RESULTS FOR PEEK COATINGS
POLYAMIDE COATINGS Evonik was able to apply both PEEK
The melting point of the coatings powder grades easily via electrostatic
made with the new long chain spray coating to yield coating thick-
powder was 195°C; 20°C higher than nesses in the range of 60 µm. The
that of coatings made from polyamide coefficients of friction of both PEEK
12. Despite the higher melting point coatings were in the range of 0.28;
of the new long-chain polyamide the wear coefficients were in the
powder, the processing parameters range of 5.8 x 10-7 mm3/Nm.
for fluidized bed coating were similar
to those used for PA 12, and the fluid- Using laser melting technology
izing behavior of the new powder was allowed to generate dense, adherent
as good as that of polyamide 12. PEEK coatings in a very short time
Evonik was able to generate coatings period: the minimum laser interaction
with thicknesses in the range of 250 time for generating dense coatings is
µm. The results of the tensile test approximately 7 seconds. The coating
show that that the novel coatings are thickness was adjusted to 30, 45, and
also highly durable, with yield stress 60 µm, achieving excellent adhesion
and strain values of 37 MPa and 15%, to the substrate with a cross-cut clas-
respectively. The abrasion resistance sification of 0, depending on substrate
of the new long-chain polyamide pretreatment and laser-melting
coatings determined by the Taber test parameters.
was comparable to that of polyamide
12, and weight loss was less than 1
mg/100 cycles.
29THE COATINGS EXPERT 2019
Evonik’s recent material develop- higher turbine speeds. These special
ments in novel coating technologies VESTAKEEP® coatings also allow
and in long-chain polyamide and PEEK manufacturers to employ more
powders could open up new opportu- cost-efficient substrate materials for
nities in demanding coating applica- components used in applications with
tions in the oil and gas, industrial, and sliding friction.
automotive sectors. The latter market
seems to be very promising, especially H. Sändker, J. Stollenwerk, P. Loosen,
*
for tribological coatings. The excellent Laser-based Process for Polymeric
tribological performance of coatings Tribological Coatings on Lightweight
made from specially developed Components, Surface and Coatings
VESTAKEEP® powders significantly Technology, vol. 332, 2017, pp. 391-398
reduces the friction between sliding
surfaces, which in turn makes opera-
tion more efficient and economical.
Examples of the benefits include
lower fuel consumption and lower CONTACT
CO2 emissions in combustion engines, Holger Renners
extended service life for bearings, and holger.renners@evonik.com
30NEW ADDITIVE TO ELIMINATE
PINHOLING IN WATER-BASED
COATING FORMULATIONS
C onsumers are becoming increas-
ingly aware of the importance
of protecting our environment. This
performance; water replaces typical
organic solvents. Water has a drying
speed that is usually much slower than
has had a major impact on the coatings organic solvents. However, end-users
industry, with the demand for low- to still require quick drying speed and
no-VOC coatings increasing. To meet film formation in their water-based
this demand, those who formulate formulations. The drying speed can be
these low-VOC products have amended by using modified resin
invested considerable resources into systems, compact printing processes,
developing their waterborne technol- and other methods. However, these
ogies. From a technical perspective, methods can still display pinholing
many waterborne formulations still issues; these issues are especially
suffer from application limitations – in evident in formulations with the fol-
particular, poor substrate wetting, lowing characteristics / properties:
edge retraction, pinholing, and other
defects – that result in high product yy High temperature baking process
failure rates, which can be costly to yy Wet-on-wet process
the manufacturer. Fortunately, yy High wet film thickness, e.g. for
high-performance wetting agents, mono coat
defoamers, and other additives can
solve these issues and produce consis- To address this issue, strong defoam-
tently flawless waterborne coatings. ers and deaerators – e.g. hydrocar-
bon-based – have been used to
Waterborne coatings use a combina- eliminate pinholes within the dried
tion of water-based resins and addi- film. There may be compatibility
tives to achieve the desired coating issues due to the nature of hydrocar-
31THE COATINGS EXPERT 2019
Figure 1
Molecular defoamers
displace foam stabiliz-
ing surfactants but are
unable to stabilize the
bubble wall.
bon-based chemicals in water-based stabilize foam and allow normal liquid
formulations, which results in lower flow so the bubbles can break natu-
gloss, poor leveling and DOI, and rally.
even sometimes cratering issues. This
paper describes a new additive based Molecular defoamers are also effec-
on a new pinhole elimination mecha- tive at controlling micro-foam, small
nism; the additive also shows excellent bubbles trapped within the liquid,
compatibility in water-based formula- which will result in pinhole issue
tions. especially after baking process.
Molecular defoamers are partly solu-
MOLECULAR DEFOAMER FOR ble in water and are able to move to
MICRO-FOAM IN WATER-BASED bubbles below the liquid surface to
FORMULATIONS de-stabilize micro-foam. This leads to
Molecular defoamers are surfactants the coalescence of micro-foam into
with specific Gemini structures that larger bubbles which rise to the sur-
are designed to compete with and face much faster and burst more easily.
replace foam-stabilizing surfactants at Many conventional defoamers, e.g. oil
the surface of the foam bubble. These based defoamers, are not effective at
specially designed surfactants do not controlling micro-foam because the
32oil is insoluble and remains at the liq- defoamers will not migrate to the
uid surface. Molecular defoamers are surface of the cured coating film and
also more dynamic than most foam will not cause issues associated with
stabilizing surfactants; therefore, they this, such as poor recoatability (espe-
can reach new bubble surfaces more cially after high-temperature baking
quickly and prevent new foam bubbles processes). Molecular defoamers can
forming. As surfactants, molecular also provide additional dynamic wet-
defoamers are compatible with most ting properties to the formulation.
systems and do not cause incompati- “Gemini” based surfactants simultane-
bility problems like oil-based defoam- ously act as surfactants (and thus
ers. Due to their excellent compati- enhance compatibility) and defoamers;
bility in both liquid paints and also they have been used for many years by
cured coating films, molecular the paint and coatings industry.
Figure 2
Film formation mechanism in 4 stages of water-based coatings, and T2 shows the packing time of
solid particles within wet paint.
10
Fluidity factor (Hz) – Log scale
1
T2
10-1 water
evaporation deformation and
compactification
of particles
10-2
formation of a
homogeneus film
10-3
I II III IV
10-4
0 20 min 40 min 1h 1 h 20 min 1 h 40 min 2h 2 h 20 min
Time
33THE COATINGS EXPERT 2019
Figure 3
Effect of additive containing different number of EO on the time of T2 during drying process.
(Temperature: 24 °C, Humidity: 32%, Wet film thickness: 60um)
1
T2=13'23''
T2=14'23''
Fluidity factor, Hz, log
0.1
T2=15'8''
0.01
1E – 3
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200
Time,s
Blank (Bayhydrol A2601)
Blank + Surfactant with 3EO
Blank + Surfactant with 10EO
USE OF HYDROPHILIC SURFAC- philic surfactants will show balanced
TANTS TO LOWER DRYING performances, including pinhole
SPEED eliminations, drying speed, water
Although fast drying water-based resistance, and so on. It is well known
formulations are required by end that humectants can capture moisture
coating process, sometimes having very well; a humectant is a substance
slower drying speeds help give micro- with several hydrophilic groups, most
foam more time to move out of water- often hydroxyl groups, and also,
based paints and break, thus ethoxylates, amines, carboxyl groups,
eliminating pinholes. Proper hydro- or it is esterified.
34These groups show excellent affinity impact on water resistance (here
to form hydrogen bonds with mole- focusing on alkoxylates as hydrophilic
cules of water and keep things moist. group), and the effect of number of
However, water-based coatings, alkoxylate on drying speed is illus-
especially for those coatings with trated in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3. The drying
requirement of water and corrosion speed is evaluated by “Diffusing-Wave
resistance, can not use traditional the Spectroscopy”. “Speckle Rate” is rec-
humectant; otherwise the water ognized as particle moving rate in wet
resistance will be drastically affected. paint; faster the drying speed, the
Experiments shows that hydrophilic quick the particle’s movement rate.
surfactants containing less than 10 Pinhole elimination will be affected by
alkoxylates will show very limited Stage II shown in Fig. 2, during which
Figure 4
Minimum film thickness (um) when pinhole appears in water-based mono coat for truck coating.
Hydrophilic surfactant +
molecular defoamer
Molecular defoamer
Hydrophilic surfactant
48 50 52 54 56 58 60 62 64 66
35THE COATINGS EXPERT 2019
the high concentration in solid induces COMBINATION OF MOLECULAR
a packing process. This stage appears DEFOAMER AND HYDROPHILIC
as a disturbed area on the drying SURFACTANT FOR PINHOLE
kinetics, showing accelerations and ELIMINATION
decelerations of the particles as they Water-based one-coat formulations
get in contact together around time for truck coatings have been selected
T2. It is believed that before T2, solid for evaluation of pinhole elimination
particles can move in wet paint and using different additives. The wedge
micro-foam can also move freely up to spray has been applied with gradient
wet paint surface and break. If an wet film thickness, checking the film
additive can prolong T2 during drying thickness when the pinhole appears
process, the pinhole will be easily after baking. As indicated in Fig. 4, the
eliminated. Fig. 3 shows the effect on purely hydrophilic surfactant actually
the T2 of hydrophilic surfactant con- shows negative for the pinhole elimi-
taining different number of ethoxyl- nation. However, when combining the
ates. The result shows that additive molecular defoamer and the hydro-
containing ethoxylate will get T2 little philic surfactant (which provide signif-
prolonged, and when the number of icant synergy for pinhole elimination),
ethoxylate increased to 10, the T2 has the formulation benefits from the
been prolonged about 105s, which faster movement of micro-foam to the
will get pinhole having longer time to wet film surface (by molecular
move out. defoamer) and still little wet paint film
(by hydrophilic surfactant). Compared
When the longer or stronger hydro- to the conventional additives based on
philic group is attached to the surfac- low-compatibility chemicals for pin-
tant, benefits for pinhole elimination hole elimination, the additives with
will be evident; however, there will new mechanism show excellent com-
also be a higher tendency for foam to patibility in water-based formulations.
appear in the paint. Therefore, the As shown in Fig. 5, a perfect coating
hydrophobic part of the surfactant film appearance can be achieved with
needs to be paired with a structure the new additives, while there will be
that will compromise the issue caused poor leveling, lower DOI, and lower
by foam tendency. gloss using the conventional additives.
36Figure 5
Compatibility
comparison
between new
additive and
conventional
one.
New Additive Benchmark
CONCLUSION
With the increasing demanding for
water-based coating formulation
development, pinholing issues are
always of importance to formulators,
especially those with specific require-
ments for compatibility, wet-on-wet
processes, fast-dry baking systems,
and high wet film thickness. This
paper describes a new additive mech-
anism for elimination of pinholes, CONTACT
combined with excellent compatibility Dai Ye
in water-based formulations. ye.dai@evonik.com
37THE COATINGS EXPERT 2019
MEETING GLOBAL REGULATORY
DRIVERS WHILE BOOSTING
APPLICATOR PRODUCTIVITY
38D emands within the global coatings market are
always increasing. The performance envelope is
expanding, while the need to improve worker safety and
minimize environmental impact is at the forefront of new
developments. Ancamine® 2878 epoxy curing agent has
recently been developed to meet the requirement for
fast return to service, offering safer handling and regu-
latory compliance in most global regions.
The key properties of fast cure at both ambient and
low temperature with excellent carbamation and
high-corrosion resistance makes Ancamine® 2878
ideally suited to meet performance demands within the
protective coating and marine markets. Systems based
on Ancamine® 2878 can also be formulated into high-
build coatings offering fast property development for
quicker turnaround of applications.
Ancamine® 2878 has been formulated to be low-vis-
cosity and highly reactive without the use of alkyl
phenols or solvents, providing an improved EH&S
profile and safer handling. It has been specifically
developed to meet performance requirements for
medium-duty corrosion-resistance application within
the marine and protective coating markets and due to
the fast-cure properties can also find further applica-
tions in other areas including civil engineering. The
combination of high-performance and a good EH&S
profile means Ancamine® 2878 will continue to meet
the emerging demands within the coatings market for
years to come.
CONTACT
Marina-Elena Schmidt
marina.schmidt@evonik.com
39THE COATINGS EXPERT 2019
MOISTURE MITIGATION SOLUTIONS
FOR FLOORING SYSTEMS USING
EVONIK’S EPOXY CURING AGENTS
M oisture related problems with
floor coverings and coatings
applied over concrete slabs have cre-
concrete in new and existing con-
struction. One of the methods
includes the use of vapor retarder
ated significant problems over the films under the concrete to prevent
years for formulators, specifiers, moisture migration from the soil. This
contractors, and owners in the con- approach is only effective, however, in
struction industry. Concrete is one of new construction jobs as the film
the most commonly used materials in needs to be laid down before the
the construction industry due to its concrete is poured. It also does not
strength, durability, resilience, safety, address any migration from moisture
and low cost. However, concrete is a contained within the concrete itself.
permeable material and allows mois- Another technique is to use reactive
ture contained below the slab, or silicates to reduce moisture and solu-
trapped in the concrete itself, to ble alkali transfer to the concrete
migrate as a vapor phase to the con- surface by combining them with
crete surface. This moisture transfer hydroxides within the cement paste.
phenomenon accounts for many When used properly and in the right
flooring failures with millions of dol- amounts, reactive silicates can be
lars lost annually; and, the construc- beneficial to concrete, improving its
tion team from manufacturers, density and reducing permeability.
installers and project architects have Nonetheless, if these materials are
to bear the liability. over-applied, they can be more dele-
terious to concrete as water soluble
Over the years, there have been vari- cations (K+, Li+, Na+) from the silicates
ous methods that the industry can promote salt formation in the top
employed to mitigate moisture prob- layer of the concrete. This formed
lems when installing flooring over layer can cause osmotic pressure to
40occur which could potentially lead to both existing and new construction
blistering or disbondment of the sur- jobs since it is the final step before
face coating or floor covering. applying the floor covering, such as
tile, wood, carpet, laminate etc. or a
The most common means to address seamless flooring system consisting of
flooring failures due to moisture vapor multiple coating layers such as broad-
is to apply moisture mitigation coat- cast floors, Terrazzo, etc.
ings on the surface of the concrete
slab. A moisture mitigating coating There are two types of moisture mit-
can be a very effective solution to igation coatings; (1) moisture vapor
address moisture vapor originating permeable or “breathable” (MVP) and
from either the ground soil or concrete (2) moisture vapor blocking or barrier
itself as water is one of its ingredients. coatings (MVB). A MVP coating
Applicators can use this method for system is typically preferred where
41THE COATINGS EXPERT 2019
there is a significant possibility of Evonik offers products for both MVP
osmosis to occur due to high alkaline and MVB applications. Evonik can
salts and moisture presence in the provide curing agents to formulate a
concrete. As the osmotic pressure is complete breathable flooring system
considered to be more severe, com- including primers, self-leveling floors
pared to other moisture transmittance and cementitious concrete floors. Our
mechanisms such as hydrostatic and waterborne curing agents such as
capillary pressure, a moisture breath- Anquamine® 701 and 731 can be
able system could be the best choice formulated as overlays which cure at
assuming that the top layer is also > 3 mm thickness to give a porous
breathable. A MVB prevents a mois- morphology that allows moisture
ture vapor from migrating to the sur- vapor to transmit while preventing
face of the concrete slab due to soluble salts within a concrete layer to
hydrostatic pressure or capillary flow move to the surface and therefore
and is preferred when a non–perme- avoid osmotic blistering or delamina-
able floor covering or seamless coating tion (Figure 2). Another Evonk curing
is applied on top of the moisture miti- agent, Anquamine® 287 can be for-
gating layer. If no MVB is applied, over mulated with cement, aggregates and
time even a small amount of moisture additives in a low binder-to-cement
collected under the non-permeable ratio to provide a high-performance,
floor covering can lead to adhesive breathable coating that can avoid floor
failures between concrete and a top failures due to moisture.
floor coating or covering. The mois-
ture vapor transmission difference For MVB applications, Evonik pro-
between moisture vapor permeable vides a number of curing agents,
coating systems such as Anquamine® including Ancamine® 2739 and 2800.
701 and moisture vapor barrier system The MVB coatings are 100% solids
such as Ancamine® 2800 is shown in epoxy systems applied directly to
Figure 1. These results were obtained surface of prepared concrete at >10
by ASTM E96 wet cup method and mils (0.25 mm) to suppress moisture
demonstrate well a significant differ- transmission down to ≤ 0.1 perms.
ence in the rate of moisture migration Ancamine® 2739 and 2800 employ
through the different type of moisture Evonik’s patented “very low emission
mitigating coatings. technology” that allows the coating to
42Figure 1
Moisture vapor transmission of Anquamine® 701 (moisture vapor permeable) and Ancamine® 2800
(moisture vapor barrier) coating as tested using ASTM E96 wet cup method.
Moisture Vapor Transmission (MVT)
ASTM E96 (wet cup)
3,0
2,5
2,0
Change in Mass (g)
1,5
1,0
0,5
0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18
Elapsed Time (days)
Anquamine® 701 Ancamine® 2800
Figure 2
Blister formation in coatings due to osmotic pressure from the concrete slab.
Blister
Water Vapour
Self-leveller
Primer
Partially-sealed
Concrete
Water-saturated concrete
Water
43THE COATINGS EXPERT 2019
cure without the use of non-reactive certified by third party testing. This is a
diluent such as benzyl alcohol. Benzyl standard practice for two-component
alcohol, a common diluent used in resin based membrane-forming mois-
most conventional epoxy floor coat- ture mitigation systems for use under
ings, emits out of the coating over resilient floor coverings. One of the
time leaving voids in the film. This main requirements to meet the compli-
could allow moisture vapor to pass ance is that MVB coating should not
through, or if the voids occurs at the exceed permeance greater than 0.1
interface of the coating-concrete grains/h/ft2/in. Hg (perm) when tested
layer, it could cause blistering or in accordance with Test Method ASTM
delamination as the epoxy coating E96 when applied at the recommended
would start peeling off from the sub- thickness designated by its manufac-
strate. Ancamine® 2739 and 2800 do turer. The handling properties and third
exceed the new moisture mitigation party testing results of Ancamine® 2739
systems standard ASTM F3010 -13 as and 2800 are shown in Table 1.
Table 1
The handling properties and third parting testing results of Ancamine® 2739 and 2800.
Ancamine® 2739* Ancamine® 2800*
Curing agent viscosity @25 °C (cPs) 350 500
Mix viscosity @25 °C; (cPs) 500 594
Gel time, 150 g mass @25 °C ; (min) 85 41
Thin film set time, phase 3 (hr)
11 6
ASTM D5895
Adhesion to concrete** 360 psi 380 psi
ASTM D7234 Bulk concrete failure Bulk concrete failure
Permeance; (grains/hr/ft2/in.Hg) 0.051 (16 mils)
ASTM E96 wet method at specified 0.064 (16 mils) 0.062 (14 mils)
thickness (mils)** 0.10 (10 mils)
* Used with resin blend consisting of liquid epoxy resin (LER), Epodil® 748 and Epodil® 749 (80:10:10)
** Results from third party testing (CTL Group)
44Figure 3
Adhesion testing of Ancamine® 2800 and Anquamine® 287 cementitious coating using ASTM D7234
method on damp concrete.
Ancamine® 2800 Anquamine® 287
In summary, preventing moisture mentioned epoxy curing agents are
related failures is becoming one of the eco-friendly and do not use volatile
most critical demands in the flooring organic components (VOC), or other
industry and Evonik’s epoxy curing harmful materials such as nonyl phe-
agents can help to mitigate these nol. They are proven technology that
problems. Anquamine® 701, 731 and has been used in the construction
287 are excellent choices for a mois- industry for quite some time and
ture mitigation system where there is continues to grow due to the new
a need for permeability. Ancamine® requirements and market drivers.
2739 and 2800 would be the prod-
ucts of choice when a moisture barrier
is required. All these curing agents
have outstanding adhesion to dry and CONTACT
damp concrete which is also an Shafiq Fazel
important requirement for this type of shafiq.fazel@evonik.com
application (Figure 3). In addition to
having excellent performance in Svetlana Ivanova
moisture mitigation application, all the svetlana.ivanova@evonik.com
45THE COATINGS EXPERT 2019
SMOOTH COATING SURFACES
WITH SUPERWETTERS
E vonik presents two optimised
siloxane superwetting surfac-
tants – DYNOL™ 960 and DYNOL™
in eliminating marks left by brush or
roller. The figure below shows a
comparison of the performance
980 – based on unique chemistry to obtained with DYNOL™ 980 com-
meet the growing need for high-per- pared to modified siloxane surfactants
formance waterborne coatings. in an acrylic water-based wood coat-
ing. DYNOL™ 980 works to smooth
DYNOL™ superwetters are designed the surface of the spray applied coat-
to achieve exceptional wetting of ing, helps wetting the pores of the
difficult-to wet substrates by providing wood, leaves no surface defects and
a superior balance of properties, no foam (Figure 1).
including both equilibrium and
dynamic wetting, system compatibil- Both DYNOL™ products improve the
ity and low foam. DYNOL™ 960 and overall performances of waterborne
DYNOL™ 980 especially enhance coatings and present multiple benefits
flow and levelling properties and help to wood coating formulators.
46Figure 1
Comparison of superwetters in an acrylic water-based wood coating applied by spray.
Blank Polyether modified
siloxane 1
Polyether modified DYNOL™ 980
siloxane 2
CONTACT
Christine Louis
christine.louis@evonik.com
47THE COATINGS EXPERT 2019
TEGO® GLIDE RECOATABLE
E vonik has a long-standing history
as a supplier of glide additives
to improve the flow / leveling and
oped a product to meet this demand:
TEGO® Glide 496 satisfies the need
for advanced solutions (see Figure 1
surface properties of various coating and Table 1).
systems. For solvent-based wood
coatings for kitchen cabinets or furni- Table 1 shows that the blank formula-
ture, the challenge is that additives tion has not only a poor appearance
which provide good haptic (feel/ but also a very high slip value and
touch) properties are not recoatable corresponding poor touch (hand
– and vice versa. Being able to use feeling). All of the benchmark addi-
one additive that provides both of tives provide an improved slip and
these properties is desirable in these touch but their recoatability is defi-
situations. Through comparison with cient. The new TEGO® Glide 496
commercial benchmarks, Evonik improves all performance attributes.
Resource Efficiency GmbH has devel-
Figure 1
TEGO® Glide 496 provides excellent recoatability in a 2K solvent-based polyester clear lacquer.
Benchmark TEGO® Glide 496
48Table 1
Application testing results for 2K solvent-based polyester clear lacquer on cherry wood.
Visual appearance Adhesion Slip [cN] Touch
After 7 days
Blank Turbulent GT 0 182 -
Benchmark A Good GT 5 45 +
Benchmark B Good GT 1 55 +
Benchmark C Craters GT 5 48 +
TEGO® Glide
Good GT 0 47 +
496
Adhesion: Cross-cutting test according to DIN EN ISO 2409
Slip: Measured with Instron, Bluehill, 500 g, felt coated, 12 mm/sec
Touch: Hand-feel
Application work has shown that the Besides wood lacquers, the coatings
new TEGO® Glide 496 is suitable for industry has a growing interest for
both solvent- and water-based formu- such a new additive in plastic, indus-
lations, has excellent compatibility, trial, and transportation coatings as
and demonstrated scratch-resistance well as printing inks.
improvement in various systems.
Furthermore the additive is globally
registered and complies with various
food contact regulations.
CONTACT
Roger Reinartz Heike Semmler
roger.reinartz@evonik.com heike.semmler@evonik.com
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