The path to 5G mobile networks - An outlook on forthcoming technologies Authors : Nour El Ansari, Marie Macé, Ouassim Driouchi, and Karol ...
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The path to 5G mobile networks An outlook on forthcoming technologies Authors : Nour El Ansari, Marie Macé, Ouassim Driouchi, and Karol Abramowicz February, 2017
5G target design is revealing a real gap with the current 4G requirements
Comparison of design targets for 4G and 5G
User Experienced
Data Rate
Peak Data Rate
100 (Mbit/s)
IMT-Advanced compliant standards: (Gbit/s) 10
20 Spectrum
LTE Advanced 3x Efficiency
WiMAX (IEEE 802.16m) 1 1x
3.9G compliant: LTE, WiMAX (R2), Ultra Mobile
Area Traffic
Broadband, Flash-OFDM, iBurst & MBWA
Capacity
(Mbit/s/m2) 10 1 0,1
350 400 500 Mobility
IMT-2020 (km/h)
IMT-2020 compliant standards: (5G) IMT-Advanced
1x (4G)
Conceptual
10x
10
100x
Network Energy 1
Efficiency 105 Latency
(ms)
106
Connection
Density
(devices/km2)
IMT = International Mobile Telecommunications.
© 2017 BearingPoint France SAS 2Why 5G is important?
5G is not just a new dimension of bandwidth for mobile communication – It is a real start for the
worldwide IoT
5G
99,998
% availability
Gbps peak data
rate (theoretical 10-100
maximum)
4G 90 % reduction in
network energy usage
0,1 n/a
millisecond 1 n/a
end-to-end round trip
delay (latency)
100 % coverage
10 n/a
350
< 0,1
km/h 500 1 million
mobility
90 0.01
devices / km2
n/a 1
minutes / days 90 0,1-1 Gbps end user
service deployment time
experienced data rate
10 10
years battery life for Mbps/m2
low power, machine-type devices
area traffic capacity
© 2017 BearingPoint France SAS 3Why 5G is important?
Example: benefits for the Automobile Industry
Requirement Benefits for automobile industry
Very high bandwidth – up to 10 Gbps • Suitable for high volume car-to-car communication
• Frequent, high volume OtA (over the air) updates for new apps and content
• Additional possibilities for new application
Low costs per Gbyte • Frequent, high volume OtA (over the air) updates for new apps and content
Low latency • Enabler for real-time car-to-car communication (e. g. emergency alerts, rapidly
changing traffic conditions - frog, black ice danger, unexpected panic braking)
Low power consumption • Can make future planed, additional on-board 42V power supply obsolete
• Always on (Current vehicles need some time to wake up electronics)
• A number of communication modules can be built in into vehicle (i. e. engine,
caravan, multiply alarm device to reduce risk of vehicle theft)
• Spontaneous communication between fuel tank and petrol pump
Multicast • Connection between vehicles (platooning), traffic control
High availability • Suitable for critical application
Ability to serve very high number of devices • Suitable for critical application
International standard • Build once – deploy everywhere
© 2017 BearingPoint France SAS 4What has happened by now towards 5G?
5G is still at an early stage but initial steps have been made in Asia and Europe
2012 2013-2014 2015-2016 2017-2019 2018 2020 - 2022
Birth of the Development of Rise of 5G Lighthouse Commercial
Asia takes lead projects
5G idea alliances Deployments
• “IMT for 2020 and • Asia “awakens” and • First E2E network • Definition of 5G • South Korean SK • 2020: First
beyond” launched triggers definition slicing with low requirements and Telecom plans to comprehensive
by ITU to set scene of 5G requirements latency (On the road to 5G, voice will be quickly enhanced, and data capacity will follow
Before 2020, new 4G-related standards and initiatives will enable voice and data enhancement
ready coming
soon
voice data
LTE-U, LTE-LAA, LTE-LSA, and LTE-M allow
With VoLTE and VoWifi, voice becomes just
how ?
extending LTE to new spectrum bands to extend
another application enabled by mobile data
capacity and types of devices (IoT)
Commercially available Commercially available in 2-4 years
roadmap & maturity
By 2017, most operators will provide VoLTE & LTE-x technologies are still in a trial phase and
VoWifi. will be available in 2018-2019.
Currently : LTE-U : Ericsson & Qualcomm started trials
VoLTE & VoWifi are available in US + APAC, since 2014. MTN & US operators joined them
rolling-out in Europe in 2016
VoLTE : launched by 60+ operators in 39 LTE –M : after a standardization phase, Sierra
countries Wireless plans to launch a 1st field prototype
VoWifi : launched by 100 operators in 2017.
© 2017 BearingPoint France SAS 6Both customers and operators will benefit from these 4G enhancements
voice data major
minor
benefits benefits
VoLTE : a better voice quality for customers, and an
LTE-U & LSA will improve the bandwidth for existing
enabler for unified communication services
apps without heavy network spendings
VoWifi : roaming savings with better indoor coverage,
LTE-M will enable new IoT applications
and a way to off-load mobile networks
better voice experience due to : improved bandwidth & latency useful for
[VoLTE] lower latency for connection gluttonous services :
[VoX] more stability in data rate (QoS) video : high quality (4K), live streaming,
[VoX] ability to use a data connection meanwhile videoconferencing…
customers [VoWiFi] better indoor coverage live gaming
reduced call charges, mainly in roaming situations telemedicine
enabling unified communication services
get more revenues from data OTT services like
increased network capacity with limited
streaming & gaming without buying spectrum
investment
improve market share on the IoT market
operators off-loading mobile networks on local networks without spending on expensive LPWA networks
like WiFi
Telemedicine, with VoWiFi Smart Buildings, with LTE-M
patients and doctors can communicate visually and energy savings can be made in smart buildings in
use case verbally as they review a patient’s vitals dashboard which water & electricity consumption are
in real time monitored and adapted to weather conditions
© 2017 BearingPoint France SAS 7Network Functions Virtualization (NFV) and Software Defined Networks (SDN)
might speed up the integration of these enhancements on operator’s networks
NFV/SDN increases flexibility and responsiveness for networks operations, and hence brings an
adapted response to customers and operators need for quick network services evolutions
The Promise Why is it important ?
4G Mobile Network functions, such as Evolved Packet Core (EPC) and
voice over LTE (VoLTE), are now deployable in the cloud.
• Rapid service innovation and expansion with less risk
• Elastically scale and utilize network resources more This will enable an easier upgrade and scalability for Network
NFV
efficiently functions and applications. Particularly because the services and
functions that relay on the 4G core (optimization, analytics, security,
• Lower operating costs through homogenized physical etc.) are very well suited to virtualization and NFV.
infrastructure
For example, thanks to NFV/SDN:
• a virtualized 4G core network could be deployed on a local server in
• Separation of control and forwarding functions a factory, to speed-up network’s response time. At the same time,
for the factory’s IoT needs, it should be possible to support LTE-M
SDN
• Centralization of control functions from a centrally placed installation.
• Ability to program the behavior of the network using • CSPs should be able to support “network slicing” to achieve
well-defined interfaces network behavior differentiation, on-demand, and on a per-
customer or per-application/use case basis.
These types of abilities enabled on 4G networks are some of the guidelines that will be at the heart of 5G.
Specialists foresee that NFV/SDN will play a core role in designing performant and secure 5G networks.
© 2017 BearingPoint France SAS 8As a conclusion : 5G is highly promising but still far. However, new services can be enabled by
4G evolutions and NFV/SDN to quickly fulfill some “advanced” industrial requirements
Client satisfaction level by
Requirement
LTE as of 2016 Advanced 4G-evols 5G
Very high bandwidth Partially Yes
Low costs per Gbyte Yes Yes
Low latency Partially Yes
Low power consumption Yes Yes
Multicast Yes Yes
High availability Partially Yes
Ability to serve very high number of devices Partially Yes
International standard Yes Yes
4.xG 5G
1G 2G 3G 4G (VoLTE, VoWifi, LTE-U, LTE-LSA,
(IMT-2020)
LTE-M)
• Basic voice service • Designed for voice • Designed for voice • Designed primarily • Extended to include • Designed for a wide
• Analog-based • Improved coverage with some data for data « voice as an app » range of devices
protocols and capacity consideration • IP-based protocols • Better bandwidth by including IoT with
• First Digital (multimedia, text, (LTE) extending to new high performance
standards (GSM, Internet) • True mobile spectrum bands (speed, energy)
CDMA) • First mobile broadband • Real-time mobile
broadband broadband
An ever-increasing Need For Speed…
2.4 kbps 64 kbps 2 Mbps 100 Mbps 1 Gbps 50 Gbps
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