THE SALMON R CHASE PAPERS - UNIVERSITY PUBLICATIONS OF AMERICA - A Guide to the Microfilm Edition of
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A Guide to the Microfilm Edition of
THE
SALMON R CHASE
PAPERS
UNIVERSITY PUBLICATIONS OF AMERICAA Guide to the Microfilm Edition of
RESEARCH COLLECTIONS IN AMERICAN POLITICS
General Editor: William Leuchtenberg
THE
SALMON P. CHASE
PAPERS
John Ni ven, Editor
James P. McClure, Associate Editor
Patrick Delana, Assistant Editor
Sponsored by
The Claremont Graduate School and The National Historical
Publications and Records Commission
A microfilm project of
UNIVERSITY PUBLICATIONS OF AMERICA
44 North Market Street • Frederick, MD 21701Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Chase, Salmon P. (Salmon Portland), 1808-1873.
The Salmon P. Chase papers [microform].
(Research collections in American politics)
Accompanied by a printed reel guide.
"Sponsored by the Claremont Graduate School and the
National Historical Publications and Records Commission."
Includes index.
1. United States-Politics and government-1849-1877-
Sources. 2. Chase, Salmon P. (Salmon Portland),
1808-1873-Archives. I. Niven, John. II. McClure,
James P. III. Delana, Patrick. IV. University Publications of
America. V. Claremont Graduate School. VI. National
Historical Publications and Records Commission. VII. Title.
VIII. Series.
[E415.6] 973.6 88-23408
ISBN 0-89093-519-X (microfilm)
Copyright © 1987 by The Salmon P. Chase Papers.
All rights reserved.
ISBN 0-89093-519-X.NOTICE This is a selective edition intended for reference use. Institutions or individuals allowing the inclusion of documents in this edition may have placed restrictions on the further reproduction of manuscripts. Requests for further reproduction or publi- cation of documents should be addressed to the holders of the originals. Rights to all editorial material, including target descriptions, index, notes, transcriptions, and printed guide, belong to The Salmon P. Chase Papers, The Claremont Graduate School.
TABLE OF CONTENTS Editorial Advisory Board vi The Salmon P. Chase Papers (Staff) v¡¡ Acknowledgments ¡x Introduction 1 Chronology 3 Preparation of the Edition 7 Chase's Papers Search for Documents Selection of Documents Treasury Papers at the National Archives Computer Database System Papers Included in the Edition 13 Correspondence Other Papers Organization of the Edition 15 Reel List Arrangement Editorial Descriptions Reading Transcriptions Editorial Notes Index Addenda Errata Repository List 23 List of Correspondents 45
EDITORIAL ADVISORY BOARD LaWanda Cox Leonard W. Levy Hunter College The Claremont Graduate School Richard Nelson Current Charles A. Lofgren University of North Carolina at Greensboro Claremont McKenna College David Herbert Donald James M. McPherson Harvard University Princeton University Don E. Fehrenbacher James A. Rawley Stanford University University of Nebraska at Lincoln John Hope Franklin Robert V. Remini Duke University University of Illinois at Chicago Harold M. Hyman Kenneth M. Stampp Rice University University of California, Berkeley Robert W. Johannsen Hans L. Trefousse University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign City University of New York VI
THE SALMON P. CHASE PAPERS
Staff
Editor
John Niven
Associate Editor
James P. McClure
Assistant Editor
Patrick Delana
Database Design and Computer Services
George H. Clark, Administrator, Honnold Service Group,
The Libraries of the Claremont Colleges
Patrick Barkey, Director of Libraries, The Claremont Colleges
Associate Editor, 1984-1986
Enid H. Douglass
Office Assistant
Stephen M. Sobieck
Document Analysts and Student Assistants
Michael E. Dermody Betsey August McClure
Mark M. Dodge Charles E. Mitchell
Gerard A. Forlenza Steven R. Strom
Alexander Hanke EuGene H. Taylor
William D. Jones John F. Walsh
Ray F. Kibler III Dana S. Whaley
VIIACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Preparation of this edition began in 1984, when the National Historical Publications and Rec-
ords Commission (NHPRC) awarded the first of a succession of grants to assist the work of
publishing Chase's papers. The Claremont Graduate School, one of the associated Claremont
Colleges of Claremont, California, has been the project's home and the other major sponsor.
The editors wish to express their appreciation to the NHPRC and its staff, in particular Roger
Bruns, Director, Publications Program, and Mary Giunta, Assistant Director, for their interest in
this project from its conception. At the Graduate School, thanks are due to Paul Albrecht, former
Executive Vice President and Executive Dean, Jerome Spanier, Vice President for Academic
Affairs and Dean of the Graduate School, and Christopher Oberg, Vice President for Operations,
along with their staff, for the institutional support given to the project. The late Patrick Barkey,
Director of Libraries of the Claremont Colleges, and George H. Clark, Administrator of Honnold
Service Group, made possible the computer database, without which this publication would have
been very different and far less useful.
Archivists Timothy Connelly and Sara Jackson of the NHPRC were of considerable value in the
search for Chase's papers in the National Archives and the Library of Congress. Two authorities
on the manuscripts of Chase's period, John McDonough and Oliver Orr of the Manuscript Division
of the Library of Congress, made the examination of that institution's collections both easier and
shorter than it would have been without their aid. Anne-Marie T. Schaaf, Amy L. Hardin, and
Michèle F. Voge very efficiently saw to the project's needs at the Historical Society of Pennsylva-
nia in spite of the distance separating Claremont and Philadelphia. Gary J. Arnold, head of
Reference Services, Ohio Historical Society, attended to several special requests for assistance.
Greg LaMotta and Yong Ook Jo, researchers with the Freedmen and Southern Society project,
kindly brought to our attention Chase documents which they encountered in the National Archives.
Special assistance was given to the project by: Mary Beth Corrigan, Washington, D.C. (photo-
copying); Katherine C. Grier, Rochester, New York (document search); Katherine H. Griffin,
Boston, Massachusetts (transcription); and Dorothée Schneider, Claremont, California (German
translation). Mark Dodge, one of the Chase Papers' graduate student assistants, deserves
mention for observing that William Prescott Smith's encoded telegram of July 10,1863, could be
deciphered, and for performing much of the work of decoding it.
The editors also wish to express their gratitude to all staff members of the many institutions fur-
nishing copies of documents for this edition, as well as those who had no Chase papers but
courteously responded to the project's inquiries. These individuals are too numerous to list, and
many are unknown even to the editors, but without their professional assistance by mail, by
telephone, and in person, this project could not have been completed.INTRODUCTION
This edition is a selective microfilm publication reproducing 14,500 documents written by or
addressed to Salmon Portland Chase. The purpose of the edition is to make more widely avail-
able those papers from Chase's career which are most likely to be of interest to students of
nineteenth-century American politics and life. This publication brings together documents from
numerous repositories into a single integrated edition, with an index and other aids to assist the
researcher. A descriptive index of all documents in the edition is on the first three reels of micro-
film. That index, along with information provided in this guide, will help readers locate documents
of special interest to them.CHRONOLOGY
1808 Born in Cornish, New Hampshire (January 13)
1817 Family moves to Keene, New Hampshire; father Ithamar Chase
dies
1820 Journeys to his uncle, Philander Chase, in Worthington, Ohio
1822 Philander Chase family moves to Cincinnati; Salmon Chase
enters Cincinnati College
1823 Returns to New Hampshire; teaches school
1824 Enters Dartmouth College
1826 Graduated from Dartmouth College; arrives in Washington,
D.C.
1826-1829 Schoolmaster, Washington, D.C.
1829 Admitted to the bar, Washington, D.C.
1830 Moves to Cincinnati; admitted to Ohio bar
1833-1835 Chase's Statutes of Ohio published
1834 Marries Katharine Jane Gamiss ("Kitty")
1835 Daughter Katharine born (dies 1840); wife Katharine dies
1836 Defies mob seeking James G. Birney
1837-1838 Attorney in the Matilda case
1838 Enters into law partnership with Flamen Ball
1839 Marries Eliza Ann Smith
1840 Daughter Katharine Jane ("Kate") born
1842 Daughter Lizzie born (dies August 1842) ; trial of John Van
Zandt, Cincinnati4 The Salmon P. Chase Papers: Microfilm Edition
1843 Daughter Lizzie born (dies 1844) ; Chase writes Liberty Party
platform resolutions
1845 Defends Samuel Watson; writes 'The Address of the Southern
and Western Liberty Convention"; wife Eliza dies
1846 Marries Sarah Bella Dunlop Ludlow ("Belle")
1847 Presents written argument in VanZandtcaseto U.S. Supreme
Court; defends Francis Parish; daughter Janet Ralston
("Nettie") born
1848 Principal author of platform, Free Soil convention, Buffalo,
New York
1849 Elected to U.S. Senate from Ohio (Free Soil Democrat);
represents Henry O'Reilly in telegraph franchise litigation;
daughter Josephine Ludlow born (dies 1850)
1852 Wife Belle dies
1854 Principal author, "Appeal of the Independent Democrats"
1855 Elected governor of Ohio (Republican); inaugurated January
1856
1856 Margaret Garner case; contender for Republican presidential
nomination
1857 Breslin defalcation (misuse of funds by state treasurer) ; elected
to second term as governor, inaugurated January 1858
1860 Elected to U.S. Senate from Ohio; contender for Republican
presidential nomination
1861 Ohio delegate to Washington Peace Conference (February);
takes seat in Senate; nominated and confirmed as secretary of
the treasury (March)
1862 Legal Tender Act (greenbacks)
1863 National Bank Act; daughter Kate marries William Sprague of
Rhode Island
1864 "Pomeroy Circular" published, suggesting Chase as presiden-
tial candidate (February); resigns from cabinet (June); ap-
pointed chief justice of U.S. Supreme Court (December)
1865 Tour of Southern states (May-June)
1866 Ex parte Milligan
1867-1868 Mississippi v. Johnson; Georgia v. StantonChronology 5
1868 Presides over impeachment trial of President Andrew Johnson
in the Senate; attempts to secure Democratic presidential nomi-
nation
1868-1869 Ex parte McCardle
1869 Ex parte Y erger; Texas v. White; Veazie Bank v. Fenno
1870 Suffers stroke, requiring extensive recuperation
1870-1871 Legal tender cases: Hepburn v. Griswold; Knox v. Lee;
Parker v. Davis
1871 Daughter Nettie marries William S. Hoyt of New York
1873 Dies from stroke, New York City (May 7)PREPARATION OF THE EDITION
Chase's Papers
Most of Salmon P. Chase's personal papers are in two large collections. The Manuscript
Division of the Library of Congress houses one of these, an estimated 12,500 items, including
letters, letterbooks, letterpress volumes, diaries, speeches, legal papers, financial papers, and
miscellaneous other papers. Roughly comparable in size and composition is the Chase collection
at the Historical Society of Pennsylvania. This collection includes correspondence, diaries,
letterpress volumes, letterbooks, and a variety of miscellaneous papers. Each of these two groups
of papers is available on microfilm, as an intact collection, from the institution holding the originals.
That the bulk of Chase's personal papers survives today in two distinct collections reflects the
fact that there was no single authoritative study of his life in the nineteenth century. Judge Robert
B. Warden, author of An Account of the Private Life and Public Services of Salmon Portland
Chase (Cincinnati, 1874), cited papers in that work which today may be found in the Library of
Congress. Warden's tracks may also be seen in the much smaller collection (approximately 235
items) of Chase's manuscripts at the Cincinnati Historical Society. Many copies of Chase's letters
there appear to be by-products of Warden's preparation for his biography. Closely affiliated with
the Chase collection at the Historical Society of Pennsylvania, on the other hand, are the papers
of Jacob W. Schuckers, Chase's private secretary and the author of another early biography, The
Life and Public Services of Salmon Portland Chase... (New York, 1874). Chase's third biogra-
pher, Albert Bushneil Hart, who wrote Salmon Portland Chase (Boston, 1899) as part of the
American Statesmen series, also left his mark, for the Library of Congress acquired part of its
Chase collection from Hart.
Official papers from Chase's service as governor of Ohio, U.S. senator, secretary of the
treasury, and chief justice of the Supreme Court may be found at the Ohio Historical Society in
Columbus and the National Archives in Washington, D.C. The Ohio Historical Society has four
cubic feet of material, including the official letterbooks and papers from his two terms as governor,
plus two folders of personal papers. This collection, like those at the Library of Congress and the
Historical Society of Pennsylvania, is available on microfilm. The papers in the National Archives
pertaining to Chase's federal offices are numerous and not consolidated as a single Chase
collection. They are, rather, to be found among the records of the Senate, the treasury, the
Supreme Court, and other departments with which Chase communicated. (For more information
on Chase's papers at the National Archives, see the discussion relating to the Treasury Depart-
ment's records, below.)
The remainder of Chase's papers are scattered through numerous repositories in various
states, some in small Chase collections, others within miscellaneous groupings or the papers of
his contemporaries. The repository list includes all institutions holding papers reproduced in this
edition.
Search for Documents
Several steps were taken to locate Chase's manuscripts outside the two major collections at
the Historical Society of Pennsylvania and the Library of Congress. Members of the editorial staff
examined collections at the Library of Congress, the National Archives, the Ohio Historical Soci-
ety, the Cincinnati Historical Society, the Western Reserve Historical Society, the New York Public8 The Salmon P. Chase Papers: Microfilm Edition
Library, the New-York Historical Society, the Pierpont Morgan Library, the Huntington Library, the
University of California at Los Angeles, the Wisconsin Historical Society, and the Maryland
Historical Society. The editors used detailed search reports, prepared some years ago by mem-
bers of the staff of the National Historical Publications and Records Commission, to locate
Chase's manuscripts in the Library of Congress' collections. The National Union Catalog of
Manuscript Collections and Philip M. Hamer, ed., A Guide to Archives and Manuscripts in the
United States (New Haven, 1961 ) helped locate collections with Chase's and his contemporaries'
papers. The project also sent letters of inquiry to more than 250 institutions. These efforts yielded
copies of documents from more than eighty institutions and individuals in twenty-eight states.
Selection of Documents
As a result of its search, the project obtained copies of over 27,600 documents, of which
14,500 were selected for inclusion in the edition. While every document has potential value to
historians, the purpose of this edition is to provide a publication manageable in size and useful to
the greatest number of those who may come to it in their research. The primary criterion used in
selecting manuscripts for the edition was the document's probable value for most users of the
microfilm.
A number of the items excluded from the edition were duplicates, usually letterpress, letter-
book, or clerks' copies, of documents already selected. Of those papers excluded because of their
contents, the editors passed over documents addressed to Chase much more readily than letters
written by him. For example, unsolicited letters from persons of little or no historical note, particu-
larly where there was no evidence that Chase took any action as a result of receiving them, were
generally left out of the edition. As secretary of the treasury, Chase received numerous applica-
tions for federal employment and letters recommending applicants. Some of these letters, particu-
larly if they deal with important individuals or patronage disputes, are included in this edition. The
majority, concerning persons of lesser importance, are not. The editors also excluded some letters
about family matters or personal business. Those letters of this nature considered most significant
were included, and they are representative of this category of Chase's correspondence in general.
Much of the incoming correspondence left out of the edition resides in the two large Chase col-
lections at the Historical Society of Pennsylvania and the Library of Congress, neither of which is
included in its entirety in this edition. Researchers who believe that there might be something of
interest to them in the letters to Chase which were excluded should consult those collections.
Papers written by Chase which were not included in the edition were usually of a routine
nature, or repetitive of items which were included. Administrative correspondence from Chase's
terms as governor of Ohio and his service as secretary of the treasury were excluded unless it
touched upon a significant issue of public policy. To do otherwise would have burdened this
edition with thousands of papers of scant interest to most users, for in Chase's day governors and
cabinet secretaries signed numerous letters each week dealing with subjects that today are
handled routinely by lower-level administrators. Researchers interested in the details of the
administrative process during his tenure in state and federal office will want to examine the
appropriate records for themselves.
This edition includes printed letters and speeches found in the course of the search, but no
attempt was made to locate all Chase items extant in newpapers or other printed sources.
Treasury Papers at the National Archives
The over twenty-seven thousand copies of documents actually collected by the project do not
include a large number of Chase-related papers at the National Archives which were excluded at
the time the records there were searched. A very rough estimate, based on the correspondence
registers kept by the treasury's clerks, indicates that something on the order of seventy-five
thousand letters were sent or received by the secretary of the treasury's office during Chase's
tenure (March 1861 through June 1864). That figure does not include some categories of corre-
spondence which apparently were not recorded in the registers from which the estimate was
made.Preparation of the Edition 9
The editors' task has been to evaluate the degree of Chase's own involvement with the various
categories of papers that passed through his office as secretary of the treasury. Jacob
Schuckers, who had been a clerk in the secretary's office, recalled that Chase took an interest in
all operations of the department and could dictate correspondence ably and rapidly. As Schuckers
also noted, however, Chase could not dictate the full contents of every letter. Often he simply
gave the sense of what he wished to say, leaving the drafting of the letter to someone else.1
When Chase came to the department in 1861, there was a long-standing system organizing the
treasury's files of correspondence into series identified by capital letters. The various series were
classified either by subject (such as restricted commercial intercourse or the mint), or by category
of correspondent (such as congressional committees; the president; the assistant treasurer at
New York). The A Series of letters sent, for example, contained letters to the president; while the
T Series contained circulars. Each series was the responsibility of one or more clerks•over forty-
five of whom worked within the secretary's office by 1863.2 While some clerks did nothing more
than filing and copying, others drafted letters for Chase's signature, either from his or the assistant
secretary's dictation or, in routine cases, following the form of similar letters on the same subject.
Evidence of this process can be seen in the documents themselves. The endorsements on an
incoming letter often include the name of the clerk to whom the assistant secretary or the chief
clerk assigned it for reply. Outgoing letters on a particular subject (as defined by the office's
system of organization) often tend to be in one clerk's handwriting, while letters on other subjects
are in other clerks' hands. And a marginal notation alongside the letterbook copy may indicate
which clerk drew up a letter for Chase's signature.3
Heads of treasury bureaus as well as clerks were called upon to prepare briefs for Chase's
information, write reports for his signature, or draft sections of congressional bills. The assistant
secretary helped compose documents, signed correspondence in his own right, and in Chase's
absence from Washington became acting secretary, signing all letters and documents that
otherwise would have received Chase's signature.4
Given all of these factors, it can be impossible to determine if Chase dictated the contents of a
particular document, revised a text prepared by someone else, or simply approved and signed a
subordinate's draft. Yet, while one often cannot say whether Chase himself wrote a given pas-
sage, it is possible to do that which is of most importance for the purposes of this edition: identify
those documents, originating in his office and bearing his imprimatur as secretary, which con-
cerned important issues that one can be certain attracted his attention.
1. Jacob W. Schuckers, The Life and Public Services of Salmon Portland Chase... (New York, 1874),
599-602. Schuckers maintained that as secretary, Chase signed five to seven hundred documents each
day•a figure which, given the other demands on his time, is difficult to accept at face value. And if true,
Chase surely could have devoted scant attention to most of the documents he signed.
2. For the treasury's filing system, see Carmelita S. Ryan and Hope K. Holdcamper, comp., Preliminary
Inventory of the General Records of the Department of the Treasury (Washington, D.C., 1977), 135. Clerks
and their duties are listed on pp. 292-293 of the volume "Secretary's Office, 1863-1864," in Letters from
Executive Officers (AB Series), Record Group 56 (General Records, Department of the Treasury), National
Archives. See also the Register of Officers and Agents, Civil, Military, and Naval, in the Service of the United
States, on the Thirtieth September, 1863 (Washington, D.C., 1864), 18-19.
3. Early in the war the letterbooks did not have these marginal notations, which only began to appear con-
sistently in the spring of 1862. Regarding the clerks' preparation of correspondence for Chase's signature,
see also the instructions of George Harrington to John F. Hartley, July 3,1862, in Letters Sent to Heads of
Bureaus (Bb Series), 15:255-256, Record Group 56, National Archives.
4. Initially, George Harrington was Chase's only assistant secretary. In September 1863, due in part to
Harrington's need to stay in Europe for his health, Maunsell B. Field was appointed acting assistant secre-
tary. Field stayed on as second assistant secretary after Harrington's return to Washington in 1864.10 The Salmon P. Chase Papers: Microfilm Edition
With this goal, the editors established criteria for the selection of documents from the National
Archives:
1. As with other correspondence considered for the edition, Chase's outgoing letters were
given priority over letters addressed to him.
2. Some entire series of correspondence, concerned with matters largely routine in nature,
were not examined at all. Examples are the correspondence files dealing with the Marine Hospital
Service, Revenue-Cutter and Life-Saving Services, lighthouses, steamboat inspection, and
personnel matters.
3. Frequently, identical letters were sent to each member of a particular group, such as collec-
tors of customs. Different customs officers might also receive similar letters, differing only in the
facts of the particular cases involved (such as letters dealing with import duties on particular
shipments). Rather than examine every item of Chase's official correspondence with every port's
collector, the editors focused their efforts on his correspondence with Hiram Barney, the collector
at New York.5 New York was the largest and most important port, and Barney, as a powerful
federal official and party politician, required attention. Even so, a great deal of selectivity was
exercised, for much of the correspondence between Chase and Barney deals with the implemen-
tation, day after day, of procedures for the collection of customs duties.
In other series of correspondence, if identical or very similar letters were written on the same
subject to persons in similar offices, generally only one would be selected for the edition. Thus a
letter in this edition addressed to John J. Cisco, the assistant treasurer in New York, might have
been sent as well to the assistant treasurers in other cities; a letter to the chairman of a Senate
committee might also have gone to the chairman of the corresponding House committee; and a
letter to one banker might have been sent to others as well.
4. Effort was concentrated on those records known to contain materials on policy issues
important to Chase as secretary. Those files of correspondence were examined in detail, routine
letters were passed over, and significant items were copied for inclusion in the edition. The
correspondence with the collector at New York, as noted above, was one of the bodies of records
receiving this attention. Others were the files of correspondence with the president and other
executive departments, treasury bureau heads, and Congress. All series of correspondence
dealing with fiscal policy, expenditures, revenues and taxation, specie and mints, loans, the public
debt, and the issuing of notes and bonds were examined. So, too, was the correspondence on the
national banking system; currency and legal tender; the regulation of internal trade; captured and
abandoned property; and the special agents.
This focusing of the search was aided by the treasury's own system of handling correspon-
dence. As mentioned, the department organized letters in series by subject matter or correspon-
dent. Departmental practice, moreover, required that only one subject be treated in each official
letter, facilitating its assignment to the appropriate series. This arrangement has been preserved
in the National Archives, and it was a boon to the editors as they attempted to separate the
routine from the salient in the mass of papers from Chase's secretaryship.
5. Some documents bear signs of Chase's personal involvement. In addition to the obvious
clue of his own handwriting, there is at times the notation of "Secretary" or "Secy." instead of a
clerk's name in a letterbook margin, indicating that the body of the letter was in Chase's hand.
Endorsements noting the action taken on incoming letters also may give clues of Chase's involve-
ment. In addition, two clerks, Jacob Schuckers and Homer Plantz, worked more directly under
5. Chase's correspondence with collectors is grouped into the following series within Record Group 56 at
the National Archives: Collectors at Small Ports (G series); Collectors at New York (H Series); Collectors at
Large Ports (Baltimore, Boston, New Orleans, and Philadelphia•I Series); Collectors at Pacific Ports (J
Series). There are files of letters sent and of letters received for Series G, H, and I, and of letters sent for
Series J.Preparation of the Edition 11
Chase's personal attention than did others. It is their neat script, for example, that one sees in the
fair copies of Chase's journals during the Civil War. Their distinctive handwriting can also be seen
in a number of letters which Chase signed as secretary of the treasury, and it is likely that Chase
himself dictated or drafted many of those letters.6
The repository list details the various record groups and correspondence series in the National
Archives from which the editors selected documents. In some cases, if the recipient of a letter was
a government official, it is possible to find a letterbook copy in the treasury's papers and, in the
records of another department, the signed letter actually seen by the recipient. In general, if
duplicate versions of a document were found, the editors gave preference to that copy actually
signed by Chase and received by the addressee. The other versions were then left out of the
edition.
Computer Database System
George Clark of Honnold Service Group of the libraries of the Claremont Colleges, employing
Hewlett-Packard's Query and Image systems on the libraries' H-P 3000 computers, designed a
database to hold information about each document processed by the Chase Papers staff. Com-
puter files for those documents selected for the edition contained all the information needed for
document descriptions and index entries, and the system enforced consistent spelling of authors'
names, receivers' names, and index subject headings. The editors could search any of the entry
fields alone or in combination with other fields, and could quickly retrieve document entries by
control number, author, receiver, or subject headings. During the compilation of documents for the
edition, the project's staff used the system to maintain control over the documents and to assist
with the editors' research in the papers. Then, in preparation for microfilming, the database
records were used to create the description sheets and index. A separate file, recording only the
author, receiver, year, and control number of each document, served as a listing of documents not
selected for inclusion in the edition.
6. In Chase's journal for the period December 9,1861, to September 30,1863 (in Series II, of this edition;
original in the Chase Papers, Library of Congress), pp. 1-69 are in Plantz's handwriting, pp. 70-115 in
Schuckers'. The diary of July 21 to October 11,1862 (ibid.) is in Plantz's script. For examples of letters in
Plantz's hand, see Chase's letters to Simon Cameron, November 21,1861 (reel 18, frame 0221 ), and to
Abraham Lincoln, December 29,1862 (reel 24, frame 0376). For Schuckers' handwriting, see Chase's
letters to James Monroe, October 22,1862 (reel 23, frame 0413), and to Benjamin F. Flanders, August 26,
1863 (reel 28, frame 0469).PAPERS INCLUDED IN THE EDITION
Correspondence
There are letters in the edition spanning the half-century from 1823 to Chase's death in 1873,
covering the entire course of his career. Both personal and professional correspondence is
included, although, given the primacy of politics in Chase's life, it can be difficult to distinguish the
two. The letters touch upon his life in politics; his involvement in the antislavery cause; his official
labors as senator, governor, secretary of the treasury, and chief justice; his work as an attorney;
his private business dealings; his family and social life.
Chase was diligent in preserving his own files of papers, as the large collections at the Library
of Congress and the Historical Society of Pennsylvania attest. Taken together, those collections
contain a tremendous body of incoming letters. In addition, they contain a series of letterpress
volumes preserving many of Chase's outgoing letters in a continuous run from February 1862 to
May 1872, some of the most important years of his career. As direct impressions taken from the
letters just after they were written, the letterpress copies are often the only surviving versions of
letters written by Chase in his own hand. (In general, in selection for the edition the version of the
letter actually sent and received took primacy over a letterpress copy, while the latter, particularly
if in Chase's hand, took primacy over a clerk's copy. In some instances, however, a fair copy or
letterpress copy was selected over another version for reasons of legibility.) There are also
personal letterbooks in the Library of Congress collection which contain fair copies or abstracts of
letters from other periods of Chase's life.
Letterpress volumes and fair-copy letterbooks have not been kept intact as "documents" for this
edition. Rather, each letter selected from a letterbook or letterpress volume has been treated as
an individual document. (This is in contrast to the method followed for Chase's journals, discussed
below.)
As the reel list shows, the quantity of correspondence from the 1861-1864 period is much
greater than that from comparable periods of Chase's career. This disproportion is due, of course,
to Chase's tenure as secretary of the treasury during the Civil War, when, to judge from the
surviving records, there was an explosive growth in correspondence and paperwork on the part of
the treasury, accompanied by a corresponding expansion of clerical forces. In addition, a larger
proportion of the documentation from that period of Chase's life has survived, not just through the
office procedures of the Treasury Department, but also through the careful retention of personal
correspondence, as shown by the sequence of Chase's letterpress volumes mentioned above.
The incoming correspondence preserved in the Chase collections at the Historical Society of
Pennsylvania and the Library of Congress shows this same disproportion for the 1861-1864
period.
Other periods are much less thoroughly documented. One wishes, for instance, that there were
more letters to shed light on the early stages of Chase's career in the 1830s and 1840s. While in
general the coverage of the surviving papers seems remarkably complete, papers once existed
that do not now survive, or at least have not made themselves known. To cite one example, this
edition contains 220 letters from Chase to his third wife, Belle (Sarah Bella Dunlop Ludlow
Chase), but•although there are references to others•only one letter from her.
1314 The Salmon P. Chase Papers: Microfilm Edition
Other Papers
1. Diaries. Chase kept a number of diaries or journals, covering (with gaps) the years from
1829 to 1872. Some are in his own handwriting, others are in the writing of clerks who worked
from dictation or from Chase's notes. Unlike the letterbooks (see above), each diary is kept
together as a unit and treated as a document in its own right. Each is reproduced in its entirety,
except for the omission of blank pages. Readers are advised that within a diary there may be
chronological gaps. Also, on occasion Chase took advantage of blank space in a section that had
already been written in to insert a new entry, thus confusing the chronological sequence from
page to page through the volume.
Chase's diaries from the Civil War period were published in David Donald, ed., Inside Lincoln's
Cabinet: The Civil War Diaries of Salmon P. Chase (New York, 1954). The manuscript diaries
printed in that work are included in this edition.
Chase also kept some memorandum books which do not fit the description of diaries, and they,
too, are included in the edition.
2. Speeches. Various forms of speeches are reproduced in the edition, including printed
copies, working drafts, and holograph versions that Chase may have used in delivering the
addresses to audiences. Given the limited resources and time available, the editors were not
always able to determine the date or context of a speech with precision. Almost all of Chase's
comments on the floor of the U.S. Senate are included (from the Congressional Globe), including
his exchanges with other senators. Only his remarks on matters of slight importance have been
excluded.
3. Writings. Items in this category include articles written by Chase early in his career,
addresses before the Cincinnati lyceum, some poetry, the introduction to his compilation of Ohio's
statutes, and other materials.
4. Senate Papers. All significant bills, amendments, and resolutions which could be attributed
to Chase are included in the edition. Only minor bills and resolutions involving individual claims
were excluded. Bills, resolutions, and amendments offered by Chase are in the Congressional
Globe, and, in some cases, also in manuscript form in the Senate's papers (Record Group 46) in
the National Archives. These materials cast light on Chase's role as a Free Soiler in the congres-
sional fights over the slavery issue, especially in the contention over the Compromise bills of
1850, the Fugitive Slave Act, and the Kansas-Nebraska Act.
5. Treasury Papers. Some of the treasury-related papers (other than correspondence)
included in the edition are bills or portions of bills which give evidence of Chase's and the treas-
ury's involvement in shaping legislation. Also included are the introductory sections from Chase's
reports to the Congress as secretary of the treasury (excluding the statistics and detailed reports
appended to his summary statements), and documents pertaining to the issuing of important
regulations.
6. Legal and Business Papers. Many documents pertaining to Chase's private business
activities and work as an attorney•receipts, accounts, deeds, conveyances, depositions, and so
on•have not been included in this edition. Some of the more important of these manuscripts
have been retained, however, as well as papers from slavery-related legal cases such as the
Matilda and Van Zandt cases. There are also documents relating to Chase's work as an attorney
for the Cincinnati branch of the Bank of the United States and for Henry O'Reilly in litigation
involving telegraph patents and franchise rights.
7. Supreme Court Papers. No effort was made to include all of Chase's Supreme Court
opinions, but those from the major cases for which he wrote opinions are included. In some
instances only the final published version of an opinion was available, but for some cases there
are handwritten or revised proof versions in the Court's records in the National Archives. In a few
instances more than one version of an opinion is reproduced to show Chase's revisions. There
are also some other documents (such as memoranda) pertaining to Supreme Court or Circuit
Court cases heard by Chase.ORGANIZATION OF THE EDITION
Reel List
Reel
Index
1 Authors to Chase, Salmon P. (receivers A-F)
2 Authors Chase, Salmon P. (receivers G-Z) to Close, E.S
3 Authors Cochran, Thomas E. to Zachos, John C.
Series 1 (Correspondence)
4 Oct. 1823-Dec. 1835
5 Jan. 1836-Dec. 1844
6 Jan. 1845-vJuly 1848
7 Aug.1848-Aug.1849
8 Sept. 1849-Nov. 1850
9 Dec. 1850-Dec. 1853
10 Jan. 1854-Dec. 1855
11 Jan.1856-Feb. 1858
12 Mar. 1858-June 1859
13 July 1859-Sept. 1860
14 Oct. 1860-Apr. 10,1861
15 Apr. 11,1861 ^June 1861
16 July 1861-Sept. 7,1861
17 Sept. 8,1861-Nov. 1861
18 Nov. 1861 (cont.Han. 13,1862
19 Jan. 13,1862 (cont.)-Mar. 1862
20 Apr. 1862^June5,1862
21 June 5,1862 (cont.Huly 1862
22 Aug. 1862-Sept.20,1862
23 Sept. 22,1862-Nov. 1862
24 Dec. 1862^Jan. 1863
25 Feb. 1863-Mar. 1863
26 Apr. 1863-May28,1863
27 May 29,1863-July23,1863
28 July 24,1863-Sept. 1863
1516 The Salmon P. Chase Papers: Microfilm Edition
29 Oct. 1863-Nov. 25,1863
30 Nov. 26,1863-Jan. 15,1864
31 Jan. 16,1864-Feb. 1864
32 Mar. 1864-Apr. 7,1864
33 Apr. 8,1864-May 1864
34 June1864-Aug. 1864
35 Sept. 1864^July 1865
36 Aug. 1865-Dec. 1866
37 Jan. 1867-June1868
38 July 1868-Mar. 1870
39 Apr. 1870-no date (and addendum)
Series II (Writings and Other Papers)
40 1826-1848
41 1849-1860
42 1861-1868
43 1869-no date (and addendum)
Arrangement
The edition is divided into two sections, Series I (Correspondence) and Series II (Writings and
Other Papers). Documents which are in the form of letters are located in Series I. Speeches,
articles, judicial opinions, legislative bills, and diaries are among the categories of papers in Series
II. In some instances, papers within Series II relate closely to letters within Series I, and at times
documents which answer the general description of items within Series II may appear as enclosures
accompanying letters in Series I. Therefore, readers are advised to examine the documents in both
series for periods of particular interest to their research.
Within each series, the arrangement of documents is chronological. Documents without dates
(shown as "nd" in editorial descriptions and index entries) follow the last dated items within each
series. Documents with dates covering a span of years, such as 1861-1864, are placed at the front
of the first year of the span. Within a given date, items written by Chase come first, arranged alpha-
betically by receiver, followed by items written by others, arranged alphabetically by author.Organization of the Edition 17
Editorial Descriptions
Each document on the microfilm is introduced by a description which appears near the top of the
document's first frame and has the following form:
Sample Document Description
Chase, Salmon P. OCHi-Giddings
to Giddings, Joshua R. ALS+RI
1850/10/22 Ser. I 3p
Columbus, OH 09484
Free Democrats hold balance in Ohio legislature.
Possibility of U.S. Senate for Giddings.
*****
Explanation:
Author Repository
Receiver Document type
Date Series Length
Place Control #
Comments
Author/Receiver: Four dashes ( ) appear when the name could not be determined, or was too
general to specify. If the author or receiver has been inferred, the suffix "+AI" or '^1" has been
added to the document type abbreviation. In cases of multiple authors or receivers, one name is
used, with the addition of "et al." to indicate the others. The list of correspondents in this guide
includes all persons represented in the edition as authors or receivers.
Repository: Identifies the institution holding the original document, and in some cases the manu-
script collection. For abbreviations, see the repository list (page 23, and also preceding the index on
reeM).
Document type:
L Letter
AL Autograph Letter
ALI Autograph Letter Initialed
ALS Autograph Letter Signed
LI Letter Initialed
LS Letter Signed18 The Salmon P. Chase Papers: Microfilm Edition
Document type cont.:
D Document
AD Autograph Document
ADI Autograph Document Initialed
ADS Autograph Document Signed
Dl Document Initialed
DS Document Signed
LB Letterbook Copy
LP Letterpress Copy
LP-ALS Letterpress Copy of an ALS
LP-LS Letterpress Copy of an LS
C Copy
DFT Draft
EXT Extract
PC Printed Copy
TEL Telegram
IIP Typed Transcription*
+AI Author inferred
+RI Receiver inferred
*Used for a transcription provided by the repository; the editors' transcriptions which accompany
some documents (see discussion of reading transcriptions, below) are not indicated under docu-
ment type.
Date: Given in figures, in the form year/month/day. (Thus October 22,1850, is rendered as
1850/10/22.) Zeroes are used if the specific month or day is unknown; for example, 1852/00/00
(placed to precede other 1852 documents in the microfilm), or 1861/11/00 (placed to precede other
November 1861 documents). If any part of the date has been inferred, an asterisk (*) appears at
the end of the date.
Series: Series I = Correspondence; Series II = Writings and Other Papers.
Document length: Reports the number of leaves containing text. The modifier "+ENC" means
that there is an enclosure; "+END" means that there is a significant endorsement.
Place: The document's place of origin. An asterisk (*) following means that information has been
inferred.
Control number: A unique number assigned to each document by the editors.
Comments: A summary of the contents of the document.
Reading Transcriptions
The editors have prepared reading transcriptions for 175 documents. Most of these are full
transcriptions, but some include only part of a manuscript's text; in all cases both the document
itself and the transcription have been microfilmed. Both content and legibility were considered in
selecting documents for transcription. By itself, difficult-to-read handwriting did not generally
qualify a manuscript for transcription•Chase's notoriously inelegant script notwithstanding. Some
other factor, such as bleed-through or faintness of the original, was necessary in order for the
document to merit transcription. Even so, limitations of time and other resources meant that manyOrganization of the Edition 19
documents that would benefit from transcription could not receive that attention. In a few instances
transcriptions were made directly from the original documents, although in most cases manuscripts
were transcribed from microfilm or photocopies.
To aid comparison of a document and its transcription, all transcriptions prepared for this edition
are in line-by-line form. That is, each line of the transcription matches a line of the original. All
spelling, punctuation, and abbreviations have been rendered as they are in the originals. Super-
script characters have been brought down to the line. Uncertain readings have been enclosed in
square brackets, with a question mark added in cases of great uncertainty. If a word or passage
could not be read at all, empty space was left within brackets. Editorial notations within a transcrip-
tion are in boldface type within square brackets. Since the purpose of the transcription is to provide
an aid to the reading of the document itself, canceled words and passages have not, as a rule,
been reproduced, and insertions have generally been incorporated silently into the text at the spot
where the author indicated that they should appear. In some instances, however, the editors
thought it instructive to include canceled words (which appear in the transcriptions as struck-
through type), and in a few cases insertions are shown above the line. These more detailed tran-
scriptions generally accompany documents which show interesting or significant revisions by
Chase. For the sake of uniformity, Chase's signature is always shown in transcriptions as "S P
Chase," even though in the originals it can appear variously as "S:P: Chase," "S.P. Chase," or "SP
Chase."
A reading transcription usually precedes the document which it accompanies. A few documents
may be represented by typescripts which were not prepared by the editors of the present edition.
Transcriptions prepared for this edition may always be identified by the characteristic line-by-line
form described above.
If researchers have a particular interest in documents which are of poor quality, but for which
there are no reading transcriptions, they should contact the repositories holding the original papers.
The repository may be able to furnish microfilm or a photocopy which captures more of a manu-
script's detail than is reproduced in this edition. The synopses of documents' contents provided in
the editorial descriptions should assist readers in determining which documents are of special
interest to them in this regard.
Editorial Notes
Editorial notes accompany some documents. They may explain details of authorship, date, or
provenance; refer to other versions of the document of special note but not reproduced in this
edition; or convey other information important to a full understanding of the document. An editorial
note usually appears directly beneath the document's description sheet.
Index
The index, found on reels 1-3, includes a descriptive entry for every document in the edition. It
is arranged by author; under each author, entries are sorted alphabetically by receiver, and under
each receiver by date. To find all of Chase's correspondence with an individual, therefore, one
should look in the index for that person both as an author of letters to Chase and as a receiver of
letters from him.
This arrangement allows researchers to approach the edition through two different methods.
Readers investigating particular chronological periods may use the reel list to find the appropriate
reels, then rely on the document descriptions on the microfilm to identify specific items of interest.
Researchers interested in Chase's correspondence with certain individuals, on the other hand,
may consult the list of correspondents, which begins on page 45, to determine if papers to or from
those individuals are in the edition, then use the index to locate the documents. As described
below, the index entries also contain subject headings to assist researchers.
In the arrangement of the index, " " as an author precedes all other authors, and " " as
a receiver always comes before any other receivers under a given author.20 The Salmon P. Chase Papers: Microfilm Edition
In form, an index entry is virtually identical to the document's description sheet, with the addition
of two elements:
1. Reel and frame number. On the same line as the document's date, following the series desig-
nation, is a number indicating the document's location within the edition. The number preceding
the colon indicates the reel on which the document is located, and the four-digit number following
the colon is the frame on which it begins. For example, 12:0050 means reel 12, frame 50.
2. Subject headings. From one to four subject headings appear in each index entry, below the
comments describing the document's contents. These headings may reflect the synopsis given in
the comments, or they may point out additional subjects touched on by the document. The subject
headings are another tool available to researchers interested in particular historical topics or aspects
of Chase's career. Each subject heading has a prefix assigning it to one of four broad categories:
L = Law; PO = Politics; PP = Public Policy; PV = Private Life.
A sample index entry appears below:
Sample Index Entry
Chase, Salmon P. MH-H
to Pierce, Edward L. ALS
1858/03/25 Ser. 1 12:0050 4p
Columbus, OH 24102
Feels his political situation could not be
better. Has received Republican support at
home and throughout the country.
PO-state PO-republican party
PV-social
*****
Explanation:
Author Repository
Receiver Document type
Date Series Reel/frame Length
Place Control #
Comments
Subject headings
An explanatory note precedes the index on reel 1.Organization of the Edition 21
Addenda
At the end of each series (Series I, reel 39; Series II, reel 43) is an addendum of documents
which were processed too late to be included in proper chronological sequence. Entries for these
documents appear in their correct places within the index.
Twenty-two letters from Chase to John Bigelow at Schaffer Library, Union College, Schenectady,
New York, came to the editors' attention too late for inclusion in the edition.
Errata
Errors in editorial description sheets (listed by reel/frame number):
4:0194 George Paine to Chase, May 30,1827: place should be Williamstown, MA.
4:0396 Abigail Chase Colby to Chase: date should be May 18,1829.
5:0712 Charles P. Mcllvaine to Chase, [December 3,1842]: concention in comments
should be convention.
5:0872 David T. Disney to Chase, March 8,1844: effecting in comments should be
affecting.
6:0584 Chase to Sarah Bella D.L. Chase, July 24,1847: parish in comments should be
Parish.
6:0586 Chase to Sarah Bella D.L. Chase, July 26,1847: parish in comments should be
Parish.
9:0691 Chase to William Thomas Carroll, October 20,1852: Sureme in comments should
be Supreme.
14:0473 George Opdyke to Chase, January 28,1862: mislocated within January 1861.
19:0858 Chase to Henry Wilson, March 13,1862: General Bakerin comments should be
General Blenker.
28:0617 S.M. Breckinridge et al. to Chase, Sept. 1,1863: place should be Washington, DC.
37:0461 John D. Van Buren to Chase: date should be August 9,1867.
37:0518 Chase to Napoleon B. Buford: date should be October 17,1867.
39:0478 Chase to Murat Halstead: date should be November 7,1872.
39:0948 Chase to John Bigelow, March 18,1865: receiver is John Bigelow, not John P.
Bigelow.
39:0952 Chase to John Bigelow, July 14,1865: receiver is John Bigelow, not John P.
Bigelow.
40:0732 Chase et al. to , Aug. 9,1848: place should be Buffalo, NY.
42:1346 Chase to , [February 17,1868]: document type should be D.
43:0740 Chase to , nd: "Two Sisters" in comments should be "The Sisters. "
On page 1 of the repository list as it appears preceding the index on reels 1-3, the address for
Bauman Rare Books should be Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.REPOSITORY LIST
The headings of this list are sorted so that a capital letter sorts higher than any lowercase letter
in the same position. Thus, MHi (Massachusetts Historical Society) appears higher on the list than
MeHi (Maine Historical Society).
Citations to printed reports of cases before the United States Supreme Court use the name of
the compiler of the series, preceded by the volume number: 5 Howard; 7 Wallace. Page numbers
for those portions of each case's report included in this edition are visible on the copies
themselves.
Amistad-AM A American Missionary Association Archives,
Amistad Research Center, Tulane University
Bauman Bauman Rare Books, Philadelphia,
Pennsylvania
Bigelow John Bigelow, Retrospections of an Active
Life (New York, 1909)
Butler Benjamin F. Butler, Private and Official
Correspondence of Gen. Benjamin F. Butler
During the Period of the Civil War (Norwood,
Mass., 1917)
CLU-S/C Department of Special Collections, University
Research Library, University of California,
Los Angeles
CSmH The Huntington Library
CSmH-Bamey Hiram Barney Papers
CSmH Other Collections
2324 The Salmon P. Chase Papers: Microfilm Edition
CU-BANC Bancroft Library, University of California,
Berkeley
CU-BANC-Atkins Atkins Family Papers (C-B 449)
CU-BANC-Field Stephen Johnson Field Papers (71/34 c)
CU-BANC Individually cataloged manuscripts
Chase Manhattan Chase Manhattan Archives
Cong. Globe Congressional Globe (identified by Congress and
session)
CtHi Connecticut Historical Society
CtY Yale University Library
CtY-Baldwin Baldwin Family Papers
CtY-Beecher Beecher Family Papers
CtY-Beinecke Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library
CtY-Carrington Carrington Family Papers
CtY-Civil War Civil War Manuscripts Collection
CtY-Flagg S. Griswold Flagg Collection
CtY-Fowler Fowler Family Papers
CtY-Goodyear A.C. Goodyear Collection
CtY-Hay Southard Hay Autograph Collection
CtY-Knollenberg Knollenberg Collection
CtY-Lamport Lamport Collection
CtY-Mason William Smith Mason Autograph Collection
CtY-Metzdorf Metzdorf Autograph Collection
CtY-Misc. Miscellaneous Manuscripts Collection
CtY-Saxton Rufus and S. Willard Saxton Papers
CtY-Webb James Watson Webb Papers
DLC Library of Congress
DLC-Allen William Allen Papers
DLC-Anderson Robert Anderson Papers
DLC-Banks Nathaniel P. Banks Papers
DLC-Beach Beach Family Papers
DLC-Beale Beale Family PapersRepository List 25
DLC-Belmont August Belmont Papers (Miscellaneous
Manuscripts Collection)
DLC-Black Jeremiah Sullivan Black Papers
DLC-Blair Blair Family Papers
DLC-Butler Benjamin F. Butler Papers
DLC-Cameron Simon Cameron Papers
DLC-Cartter Cartter Family Papers
DLC-Chandler Zachariah Chandler Papers
DLC-Chase Salmon P. Chase Papers (cited by microfilm reel)
DLC-Cisco John J. Cisco Papers (Miscellaneous Manuscripts
Collection)
DLC-Clay Henry Clay and Family Papers
DLC-Corwin Thomas Corwin Papers
DLC-C rittenden John J. Crittenden Papers
DLC-Cushing Caleb Gushing Papers
DLC-Dana Charles A. Dana Papers
DLC-Dawes Henry L. Dawes Papers
DLC-Denison George S. Denison Papers
DLC-Ewing Thomas Ewing Family Papers
DLC-Fessenden William Pitt Fessenden Papers
DLC-Fish Hamilton Fish Papers
DLC-Forney John W. Forney Papers
DLC-Garfield James A. Garfield Papers
DLC-Garrett Garrett Family Papers
DLC-Giddings-Julian Joshua R. Giddings and George W. Julian Papers
DLC-Goldsborough Louis M. Goldsborough Papers
DLC-Grant Ulysses S. Grant Papers
DLC-Greeley Horace Greeley Papers
DLC-Gurowski Adam Gurowski Papers
DLC-B.Harrison Burton N. Harrison Family Papers
DLC-W.Harrison William Henry Harrison Papers
DLC-Holt Joseph Holt Papers
DLC-Johnson Andrew Johnson Papers
DLC-Lee Samuel P. Lee Papers
DLC-Lincoln Abraham Lincoln Papers
DLC-Logan John A. Logan Papers26 The Salmon P. Chase Papers: Microfilm Edition
DLC-MMC Miscellaneous Manuscripts Collection
DLC-Marble Mantón M. Marble Papers
DLC-McClellan George B. McClellan Papers
DLC-McCulloch Hugh McCulloch Papers
DLC-McLean John McLean Papers
DLC-McPherson Edward McPherson Papers
DLC-Milton George Fort Milton Papers
DLC-Morrill Justin Smith Morrill Papers
DLC-Olmsted Frederick Law Olmsted Papers
DLC-Reid Reid Family Papers
DLC-Schofield John M. Schofield Papers
DLC-Schuckers Jacob W. Schuckers Papers
DLC-J.Sherman John Sherman Papers
DLC-W.Sherman William Tecumseh Sherman Papers
DLC-Simpson Matthew Simpson Papers
DLC-Spinner Francis E. Spinner Papers
DLC-Spofford Ainsworth Rand Spofford Papers
DLC-Stanton Edwin M. Stanton Papers
DLC-Stem Stern Collection, Rare Book and Special
Collections Division
DLC-T.Stevens Thaddeus Stevens Papers
DLC-Stuart George Hay Stuart Collection
DLC-Taft William Howard Taft Papers
DLC-Tappan Lewis Tappan Papers
DLC-Trumbull Lyman Trumbull Papers
DLC-Underwood John C. Underwood Papers
DLC-U.S. Finance U.S. Finance Collection
DLC-Van Buren Martin Van Buren Papers
DLC-Wade Benjamin F. Wade Papers
DLC-Wadsworth James Wadsworth Family Papers
DLC-I.Washburn Israel Washburn Papers
DLC-E.Washburne Elihu B. Washburne Papers
DLC-Welles Gideon Welles Papers
DLC-E.Wright Elizur Wright Papers
DLC-N.Wright Nathaniel Wright Family PapersYou can also read
