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Canon EOS 40D Digital Field Guide - Charlotte K. Lowrie
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        Canon EOS 40D                  ®

       Digital Field Guide

                                 Charlotte K. Lowrie
Canon EOS 40D Digital Field Guide - Charlotte K. Lowrie
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Canon EOS 40D Digital Field Guide - Charlotte K. Lowrie
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        Canon EOS 40D                  ®

       Digital Field Guide

                                 Charlotte K. Lowrie
Canon EOS 40D Digital Field Guide - Charlotte K. Lowrie
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      Canon® EOS 40D Digital Field Guide
      Published by
      Wiley Publishing, Inc.
      10475 Crosspoint Boulevard
      Indianapolis, IN 46256
      www.wiley.com

      Copyright © 2008 by Wiley Publishing, Inc., Indianapolis, Indiana
      Published simultaneously in Canada
      ISBN: 978-0-470-26044-9
      Manufactured in the United States of America
      10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
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Canon EOS 40D Digital Field Guide - Charlotte K. Lowrie
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      About the Author
      Charlotte K. Lowrie is a freelance editorial, portrait, and stock photographer and an award-
      winning writer based in the Seattle, Washington area. Her writing and photography have
      appeared in newsstand magazines including Popular Photography & Imaging and
      PHOTOgraphic. She is the author of eight books including the best-seller Canon EOS Digital
      Rebel XTi Digital Field Guide, the Canon 5D Digital Field Guide, and the Canon 30D Digital
      Field Guide, and she is co-author of Exposure and Lighting. Charlotte also teaches several
      photography classes at BetterPhoto.com. Her images have appeared on the Canon Digital
      Learning Center, and she is a featured photographer on www.takegreatpictures.com.

      In stock and editorial assignment photography, Charlotte enjoys nature and portrait photo-
      graphy. Her images have been published in a variety of books, magazine articles, commer-
      cial products, and advertisements.
Canon EOS 40D Digital Field Guide - Charlotte K. Lowrie
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      Credits
      Acquisitions Editor                       Project Coordinator
      Ryan Spence                               Lynsey Stanford

      Senior Project Editor                     Graphics and Production Specialists
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      Technical Editor
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                                                Caitie Kelly
      Copy Editor
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                                                Mildred Rosenzweig
      Editorial Manager
      Robyn B. Siesky                           Indexing
                                                Johnna VanHoose
      Vice President & Group Executive
      Publisher                                 Special Help
      Richard Swadley                           Jama Carter
                                                Sarah Cisco
      Vice President & Publisher
      Barry Pruett

      Business Manager
      Amy Knies

      Senior Marketing Manager
      Sandy Smith
Canon EOS 40D Digital Field Guide - Charlotte K. Lowrie
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                                                    This book is gratefully dedicated to
                                                       John Isaac, www.johnisaac.com,
                                                    consummate photographer, mentor,
                                                          and friend. John’s passion for
                                                             people, his compassionate
                                                         photography, his life’s journey,
                                                       and, most important, his faith in
                                                            God changed my life forever.
                                                         Thank you, John. Additionally,
                                                      this book is dedicated to God and
                                                          His son, Jesus Christ, through
                                                           whom all things are possible.
Canon EOS 40D Digital Field Guide - Charlotte K. Lowrie
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      Acknowledgments

      M        y thanks to Peter Bryant and Rob Kline, professional photographers and dear
               friends, who kindly contributed their images for this book.
Canon EOS 40D Digital Field Guide - Charlotte K. Lowrie
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      Introduction

      W           elcome to the Canon EOS 40D Digital Field Guide. With the introduction of the
                  40D, Canon combined the best of its recent technologies into an affordable, dig-
      ital SLR that is fast, reliable, and produces stunning image quality. This book is designed to
      help you master using the camera and to help you get the best images possible from it.
      From my experience with the camera, I can safely say that this camera is an amazingly capa-
      ble tool to help you express your creative vision, whether your passion is action photogra-
      phy, nature and landscape, documentary, news, wedding photography, or portraiture.

      The 40D features the best of Canon’s latest technology that gives this camera super fast
      response and performance, and a suite of features that has never been offered before in an
      EOS digital camera in this price range until now. The camera is approachable with a small
      and lightweight footprint, and it features Live View shooting for new creative opportunities
      and with the option for silent shooting, unprecedented customizability, 14-bit conversion
      for fine gradation and more colors, highlight tone priority, a new and improved autofocus
      sensor, in-camera Canon EX Speedlite control, large-text, intuitive, full-feature menus, a per-
      sonalized menu, three fully customizable Camera User Settings modes, a huge, bright,
      wide-angle view LCD, and automatic image-sensor cleaning with the option of recording
      and applying Dust-Delete Data after image capture in Canon’s Digital Photo Professional
      program.

      The camera initially looks much like the other EOS digital SLRs in Canon’s stable, but once
      you dig into the rich features, you’ll soon see that the 40D represents a new breed, a new
      generation of cameras that opens the door to creative expression in not known before. This
      book is designed to help you go deep into the 40D and use its full potential.

      You’ll find that this book is a mix of how-to-use the camera as well as in-field experience
      with specific photographic subjects. Regardless of your shooting specialty preference, when
      the day is done, most photographers know that all of life is a photographic stage. In his
      book The Mind’s Eye: Writings on Photography and Photographers, Henri Cartier-Bresson
      said, “There is subject in all that takes place in the world, as well as in our personal uni-
      verse. We cannot negate subject. It is everywhere. So we must be lucid toward what is going
      on in the world, and honest about what we feel. . . . In photography, the smallest thing can
      be a great subject. The little human detail can become a leitmotiv. We see and show the
      world around us, but it is an event itself which provokes the organic rhythm of forms.”

      I hope that this book is a rewarding journey for you, not only in learning to use the EOS
      40D, but also in exploring a universe of subjects and distilling the essence of each image
      with freshness and personal creative vision. And as you use this book, remember that it is
      the photographer who makes the picture—and having a camera like the EOS 40D is great
      extension of your vision and your creative insight.
Canon EOS 40D Digital Field Guide - Charlotte K. Lowrie
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       viii Introduction

      Getting the Most from This Book
      If you want to begin shooting right away, go first to the Quick Tour and double-check that
      you have setup the essential camera features and functions. This is also where you’ll get a
      quick overview of the exposure controls used for shooting. In the Quick Tour and through-
      out the book, you work toward making your workflow more efficient by setting up the cam-
      era for routine shooting so that you get the highest image quality and the color settings that
      fit best within your workflow.

      The first half of the book is devoted to not only setting the camera controls, but also on the
      effect of using different controls and settings during shooting. It is essential to know the
      camera controls well, and to set up functions so that they best suit your routine shooting
      preferences. The 40D is perhaps the most customizable camera that Canon has produced
      to this point, so you have ample opportunity to make the camera work well for you. Further,
      Canon provided a full complement of professional features that give you control over expo-
      sure, color, and drive modes. Knowing the extent of these features will go a long way
      toward making shoots efficient and successful and giving you creative control.

      While you may or may not be drawn to the Picture Styles, offered on Canon EOS digital
      cameras, Chapter 2 explains why you need to carefully evaluate and consider modifying
      Picture Styles, particularly the default Standard style. The more you know about Picture
      Styles, the better your chances of getting the best color and quality both from the camera
      and subsequently from the prints you make. The 40D also offers many opportunities to cus-
      tomize the functions and use of the camera. Fortunately, you can save customized settings
      in a number of different ways, which means that you can setup specific settings for scene-
      specific shooting such as weddings, an indoor sports arena, and your studio. All the cus-
      tomization features translate into saving you time during shooting and later as you process
      your 40D images. This alone makes Chapter 3 a must-read if you want to get the best per-
      sonalized performance from the camera.

      You’ll also find discussions of Canon lenses and Speedlites in Chapters 5 and 6. Chapter 5
      introduces the range of lenses that Canon offers as well as providing example images taken
      using some of the lenses. In Chapter 6, you’ll learn about both the onboard flash as well as
      using one and more accessory Speedlites. These chapters are designed as a quick reference,
      not an exhaustive compendium of lens test results and flash shooting techniques — both of
      which are book-length topics on their own.

      The next part of the book concentrates on the photographic areas where the EOS 40D is a
      stand-out performer. Each section offers discussions about each photographic area; field
      notes on using the 40D; lenses, flash, and accessories specific to each specialty; shooting
      tips and experiences; and, workflow notes.
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                                                                               Introduction    ix

      This part of the book is designed to discuss camera performance and capability in various
      venues and to provide suggestions and comments to make your shooting more efficient
      and successful. As with any area of photography, there are as many options, preferences,
      and opinions as there are photographers. The information provided in this part of the book
      reflects one photographer’s experience — use it as a springboard in planning assignments
      and shooting them with the 40D.

      Digital images aren’t finished, of course, until they are edited, and, in the case of both RAW
      capture, until they are converted to TIFF or JEPG format. Canon provides a suite of programs
      that allow you to view and edit 40D images. In addition, if you are interested in getting
      started with RAW capture, Chapter 10 provides the basics for shooting and converting RAW
      images using Canon’s Digital Photo Professional program. Of course, a variety of other RAW
      conversion programs are available, which are presented as an introduction to some of the
      options that you can consider.

      In Chapter 10, you learn about getting and installing periodic firmware updates for the 40D
      that are provided by Canon. These updates are important in resolving any known bugs with
      the camera as well as updating menu functions to include such things as new language
      options.

      In the Appendixes, those who are new to photography can get an overview on the basics of
      photographic exposure including an introduction to ISO, aperture, shutter speed, and light,
      and how these elements work together to create a good exposure. Appendix A offers insights
      into Canon’s sensor technology. You may wonder why that matters, but the more you under-
      stand about the technology, the greater your understanding of the capabilities of the camera.
      You don’t have to become a technology geek, but rather an informed photographer.
      Complementing the Canon sensor information, Canon’s specifications for the 40D are in
      Appendix B. Specifications are a great when you want to quickly look up anything about the
      camera such as the sync speed, maximum shutter speed, frames per second, or any other fact
      regarding camera parameters, particularly while you’re shooting or planning a shoot.

      Finally, Appendix C contains a compendium of professional photography resources includ-
      ing organization, magazines, and Web sites. Like no other profession, photographers thrive
      on inspiration, ideas, and mutual support. These resources are a good starting point for
      finding favorite resources that provide you with not only inspiration, but also give you the
      latest news and views on various specialty areas.

      I hope that during your journey through this book, you will be inspired and challenged to
      capture stunning, personal-best images. Regardless, I am confident that you will find that
      the EOS 40D is an exceptional tool to help you achieve your photographic vision.

      The editor, the staff at Wiley, and I hope that you enjoy reading and using this book as much
      as we enjoyed creating it for you.
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                                  Contents
         Acknowledgments                      vi              Front camera controls        9
                                                              Camera terminals            11
         Introduction                        vii              Side and bottom camera
                                                                  features                11
         Getting the Most from This Book     viii          Lens controls                  11
                                                           Viewfinder display             13
         Part I: Using the Canon                           Camera menus                   13
                                                     Setting the Date and Time            18
         EOS 40D 1                                   Choose the File Format and Quality   19
                                                           RAW versus JPEG format         19
         Chapter 1: Exploring the
                                                              JPEG capture                19
         Canon EOS 40D 3                                      RAW capture                 20
                                                              sRAW capture                21
                                                     Setting File Numbering               23
                                                           Continuous numbering           24
                                                           Auto Reset                     24
                                                           Manual Reset                   24
                                                     Shooting Modes                       25
                                                           Basic Zone modes               26
                                                              Full Auto mode              27
                                                              Portrait mode               27
                                                              Landscape mode              28
                                                              Close-up mode               29
                                                              Sports mode                 29
                                                              Night Portrait mode         30
                                                              Flash Off mode              31
                                                           Creative Zone modes            31
                                                              Program AE                  31
                                                              Shutter-Priority AE         32
                                                              Aperture-Priority AE        33
                                                              Manual mode                 34
                                                              Bulb                        35
         Anatomy of the EOS 40D                4
              Camera controls                  4
                Top camera controls            5
                Rear camera controls           6
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       Chapter 2: Working with                       Index display                  67
       the Canon EOS 40D 37                          Jump quickly among images      68
                                                Erasing Images                      69
                                                Protecting Images                   70
                                                Displaying Images on a TV           71
                                                Restoring the Camera’s Default
                                                   Settings                         72
                                                Cleaning the Image Sensor           73
                                                     Obtaining Dust Delete Data     74
                                                     Applying Dust Delete Data      75
                                                     Cleaning the sensor manually   76

                                                Chapter 3: Color and
       Understanding and Using                  Picture Styles 79
          Autofocus                        37
            About autofocus points and
               autofocus modes             38
            Does focus-lock and
               recompose work?             40
            Selecting AF points            41
            Verifying sharp focus          44
       Selecting a Metering Mode           44
       Evaluating Exposure                 47
            Brightness histogram           47
            RGB histogram                  48
       Modifying Exposure                  51
            Automated Brightness and
               Contrast Correction         51
            Highlight Tone Priority        51
            Auto Exposure Lock             52
            Auto Exposure Bracketing       54
            Exposure Compensation          55
       About ISO settings                  57
            ISO Range, Expansion, and
               C.Fn options                58
            Setting the ISO and extended        About Color Spaces                  79
               range ISO                   60   Choosing a Color Space              82
       Selecting a Drive Mode              61   Choosing White Balance Options      82
       Viewing and Playing Back Images     64       Approaches to using various
            Single-Image playback and                 White Balance options         85
               Magnified view              65       Set a custom white balance      86
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               Use White Balance Auto               Chapter 5: Using Live
                 Bracketing                    88
                                                    View Shooting 131
               Set a White Balance Shift       90
               Specify a color temperature     92
         Choosing and Customizing a
            Picture Style                      93
         Registering a User Defined
            Picture Style                      99
         Using the Picture Style Editor       100

         Chapter 4: Customizing
         the EOS 40D 105

         Learning about Custom Functions 106
              Custom Function groupings 106
                                                    About Live View Shooting             132
              Custom Functions specifics 108
                                                    Live View Features and Functions     132
                  C.Fn I: Exposure          108
                                                          Live View using autofocusing   132
                  C.Fn II: Image            112
                                                          Exposure simulation and
                  C.Fn III: Autofocus/Drive 113
                                                            metering                     133
                  C.Fn IV: Operation/Others 118
                                                          Using a flash                  133
              Setting Custom Functions      118
                                                    Setting up for Live View Shooting    134
              Creating Custom Function
                                                          Live View function settings    134
                sets                        122
                                                          Custom Functions for Live
                  Wedding set               122
                                                            View shooting                136
                  Landscape and Nature set 124
                                                              Custom Function III-6      136
         Registering Camera User Settings 124
                                                              Custom Function IV-7       137
         Customizing My Menu                129
                                                    Shooting in Live View                137
                                                          Using autofocus or manual
                                                            focus                        137
                                                          Using tethered or wireless
                                                            connection                   139
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       Part II: Getting the                      Chapter 7: Working
       Most from the Canon                       with Light 167
       EOS 40D 143
       Chapter 6: Selecting and
       Using Lenses 145

       Understanding the Focal Length
          Multiplication Factor            145
       Lens Choices                        147
            Wide angle                     147
            Normal                         148
            Telephoto                      148
            Macro                          148
       Zoom Versus Prime Lenses            149   Understanding Color Temperature 167
            About zoom lenses              149   The Colors of Light                 170
                Zoom lens advantages       150           Sunrise                     170
                Zoom lens disadvantages    150           Midday                      171
            About prime lenses             151           Sunset                      172
                Prime lens advantages      151           Diffused light              172
                Prime lens disadvantages   151           Electronic flash            172
       Canon Lens Terminology              151           Tungsten light              173
       Using Wide-Angle Lenses             154           Fluorescent and other light173
       Using Telephoto Lenses              156   Metering Light and Reflected Light 174
       Using Normal Lenses                 158   Additional Characteristics of Light 175
       Using Macro Lenses                  159        Hard light                     175
       Using Tilt-and-Shift Lenses         159        Soft light                     176
       Using Image Stabilized Lenses       160        Directional light              176
       Exploring Lens Accessories          163
            Lens extenders                 164
            Extension tubes and
              close-up lenses              165
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         Chapter 8: Using Flash 179                 Action and Sports Photography       193
                                                         Inspiration                    195
                                                         Taking action and sports
                                                            photographs                 196
                                                         Action and sports
                                                            photography tips            198
                                                    Architectural and Interior
                                                       Photography                      199
                                                         Inspiration                    200
                                                         Taking architectural and
                                                            interior photographs        202
                                                         Architectural photography
                                                            tips                        204
         Exploring Flash Technology         179
                                                    Business Photography                204
         Using Onboard Flash                182
                                                         Inspiration                    206
              Disabling the flash but
                                                         Taking business photographs    207
                enabling the flash’s
                autofocus assist beam       184          Business photography tips      209
              Red-eye reduction             184     Editorial Photography               209
         Modifying Flash Exposure           185          Inspiration                    211
              Flash Exposure Compensation   185          Taking editorial photographs   212
              Flash Exposure Lock           187          Editorial photography tips     214
         Using Flash Control Options        189     Macro Photography                   214
         Using One or More Accessory                     Inspiration                    216
            Speedlites                      192          Taking macro photographs       217
                                                         Macro photography tips         219
         Chapter 9: In the Field                    Nature and Landscape
         with the EOS 40D 193                          Photography                      219
                                                         Inspiration                    221
                                                         Taking nature and landscape
                                                            photographs                 221
                                                         Nature and landscape
                                                            photography tips            223
                                                    Night and Low-Light Photography     223
                                                         Inspiration                    225
                                                         Taking night and low-light
                                                            photographs                 226
                                                         Night and low-light
                                                            photography tips            228
                                                    Pet and Wildlife Photography        230
                                                         Inspiration                    231
                                                         Taking pet and wildlife
                                                            photographs                 232
                                                         Pet and wildlife photography
                                                            tips                        234
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       Portrait Photography               234   Sample RAW Image Conversion        262
            Lens choices                  234   Creating an Efficient Workflow     264
            Lighting                      235   Updating the 40D Firmware          266
            Accessory flash               236        Getting the latest firmware
            Posing                        236          and software                266
            Rapport                       237
            Direction                     237
                                                Appendix A: Image Sensors
            Inspiration                   237   and the Canon DIGIC
            Taking portrait photographs   238   Processor 269
            Portrait photography tips     240
       Stock Photography                  241
            Inspiration                   242
            Taking stock photographs      243
            Stock photography tips        244
       Travel Photography                 245
            Inspiration                   246
            Taking travel photographs     247
            Travel photography tips       248
       Wedding Photography                249
            Inspiration                   250   Sensor Technology                  269
            Taking wedding photographs    250   DIGIC III Image Processor          271
            Wedding photography tips      252
                                                Appendix B: EOS 40D
                                                Specifications 273
       Part III: Completing
       the Picture 253
       Chapter 10: Working with
       RAW Capture and Updating
       Firmware 255

       Characteristics of RAW Images      255
       Choosing a RAW Conversion
         Program                          258
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                 Type of camera            273   Internet Resources                   277
                 Image sensor              273   Photography Publications
                 Recording system          273      and Web Sites                     278
                 White balance             274   Professional Organizations           278
                 Viewfinder                274            Commercial                  278
                 Autofocus                 274            Editorial/Photojournalism   279
                 Exposure control          274            Fine art                    279
                 Shutter                   275            General                     279
                 Built-in flash            275            Nature and wildlife         279
                 Drive system              275            Photoshop                   279
                 LCD monitor               275            Portrait/Wedding            279
                 Playback                  275            Stock                       279
                 Image protection and                     Workshops                   279
                    erase                  275
                 Menus                     276   Glossary 281
                 Power source              276
                 Dimensions and weight     276
                 Operating conditions      276

         Appendix C: Professional
         Resources 277

                                                 Index 291
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         Using the
                                                       P    A     R      T

         Canon EOS
         40D
                                                               I
                                                   ✦       ✦      ✦      ✦

                                                   In This Part

                                                   Chapter 1
                                                   Exploring the Canon
                                                   EOS 40D

                                                   Chapter 2
                                                   Working with the
                                                   Canon EOS 40D

                                                   Chapter 3
                                                   Color and Picture Styles

                                                   Chapter 4
                                                   Customizing the
                                                   EOS 40D

                                                   Chapter 5
                                                   Using Live View
                                                   Shooting

                                                   ✦       ✦      ✦      ✦
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         Exploring
         the Canon
         EOS 40D                                                            ✦
                                                                                 1
                                                                                C H A P T E R

                                                                                   ✦       ✦         ✦

                                                                            In This Chapter

                                                                            Anatomy of the

         W          hether you are a wedding, landscape, nature, or
                    portrait photographer, the Canon EOS 40D is a
         star performer in virtually all respects. In terms of image res-
                                                                            EOS 40D

                                                                            Setting the date
                                                                            and time
         olution and quality, the 10.1-megapixel sensor delivers 16-×-
         11-inch inkjet print sizes and offers the telephoto advantage      Choose the file format
         of a 1.6x focal length multiplication factor. The new sensor       and quality
         microlens and Canon’s new DIGIC III processor with four-
         channel reading and 14-bit analog-to-digital (AD) conversion       Setting file numbering
         combine to offer very fine image detail, finer gradation, far
         more color information than in previous 12-bit models, and         Shooting modes
         noticeably faster camera performance with improved pro-
         cessing speed and writing to the CompactFlash card.                ✦      ✦       ✦         ✦

         Standard and basic shooting modes are available on the
         Mode dial along with three customizable C modes so you can
         register your most often used modes, exposure, camera, and
         Custom Function settings. The 40D offers the full complement
         of metering and drive-mode options that are suitable for a
         wide range of shooting scenarios. ISO options including ISO
         expansion cover a broad range of lighting needs, and the
         noise performance is excellent even at the highest sensitivi-
         ties. Depending on the ISO, the 40D’s dynamic range — the
         range of dark-to-light values that can be captured by the cam-
         era as measured in f-stops — is approximately nine f-stops
         with both RAW and JPEG shooting, which represents roughly
         a one f-stop increase over the EOS 30D.

         A new autofocus (AF) sensor provides an elliptical distribu-
         tion of nine cross-type AF points across a bright, optical
         viewfinder that provides a 95 percent view. The 40D delivers
         rich, saturated color using any of the seven preset white
         balance options, plus custom white balance, and the ability to
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       4 Part I ✦ Using the Canon EOS 40D

      set a specific color temperature. The 40D         ✦ LCD panel and buttons. This
      supports color-managed workflow with                 panel and the buttons on the top
      sRGB and Adobe RGB color space options.              of the camera group the most
                                                           commonly used exposure and
      This is only a small overview of the new fea-        drive settings controls, including
      tures that the 40D offers. In this chapter, you      metering, white balance, focusing
      can study in-depth the 40D functions and             mode, drive mode, ISO, and flash
      controls that you can use to suit your shoot-        exposure. Each button located
      ing needs and to complement your creative            above the LCD panel has two func-
      vision. Here you concentrate on the camera           tions. The first function is con-
      controls, menus, file quality, and numbering,        trolled using the Main dial and the
      as well as shooting modes.                           second function is controlled using
                                                           the Quick Control dial. For exam-
                 Chapter 2 reviews autofocus               ple, if you press the Metering
                 and exposure options as well as           mode-WB button, you can select a
                 setting ISO and viewing and               metering mode by turning the
                 playing back your images.                 Main dial, or you can select a white
                                                           balance (WB) setting by turning
                                                           the Quick Control dial. Unless you
                                                           pay attention to which dial sets
      Anatomy of the                                       which function, it’s easy to inadver-
                                                           tently set exposure compensation
      EOS 40D                                              when you really intended to
                                                           change the ISO. When changing
      Many of the 40D’s controls are within a fin-
                                                           the settings on the LCD panel, you
      ger’s reach for quick adjustment as you’re
                                                           do not need to confirm changes by
      shooting. Less frequently used functions are         pressing the Set button.
      accessible only via the menus, and others
      require the simultaneous use of two con-          ✦ Camera menus. These are
      trols. Regardless, adjustments are easy to           accessed by pressing the Menu but-
      master, especially if you understand Canon’s         ton on the back of the camera.
      functional logic and the grouping of con-            Nine menu tabs group functions
                                                           into two Shooting (color-coded
      trols.
                                                           red), two Playback (blue), three Set-
                                                           up (yellow), one Custom Functions
      Camera controls                                      (orange), and one My Menu
                                                           (green) menus. To move among
      The 40D groups commonly used functions               menu tabs, press the Jump button,
      in three areas on the camera:                        or tilt the Multi-controller to the left
                                                           and right. To display submenus,
       ✦ Mode dial. This dial enables you                  press the Set button located in the
           to switch among shooting modes                  center of the Quick Control dial. For
           by lining up the mode you want                  expanding menus, use the Quick
           with the white mark beside the                  Control dial to scroll among
           dial. Details on each shooting                  options, and press the Set button to
           mode are provided later in this                 select and/or confirm an option.
           chapter. Setting up C1, C2, and C3              Each menu and many of the
           modes is detailed in Chapter 4.                 options are detailed in this chapter.
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                                                 Chapter 1 ✦ Exploring the Canon EOS 40D                 5

      Top camera controls                                   ✦ Hot shoe. The hot shoe has stan-
                                                                 dard dedicated flash-sync contacts
      The top camera controls provide ease of use
                                                                 for mounting a Canon EX-series
      so that the thumb and index finger of both
                                                                 Speedlite or third-party flash unit.
      the right and left hand control common
                                                                 The flash sync speed is 1/250 sec-
      adjustments quickly and without taking the
                                                                 ond or slower, or it can be fixed at
      camera out of shooting position as you hold
                                                                 1/250 second using C.Fn I-7.
      it. Moving from left to right, here is a look at
      the top camera controls.                              ✦ LCD Panel Illumination button.
                                                                 Located at the left of the row of
       ✦ Mode dial. Rotate this dial to                          buttons above the LCD panel, this
           change the Shooting modes.                            button turns on an amber backlight
           Shooting modes, detailed in                           so you can see the panel options
           Chapter 2, determine how much                         in low-light or darkness. Pressing
           control you have over the exposure.                   the button once turns the LCD
           The dial is divided between fully                     panel light on and pressing it again
           automatic Shooting modes such as                      turns it off. Otherwise, the light
           Portrait, Landscape, and Sports                       remains illuminated for six seconds
           modes, and semiautomatic, fully                       before turning off automatically. If
           manual, and customizable modes                        you are using a Bulb exposure, the
           such as Tv, Av, M, and C modes.                       light turns off automatically when
                                                                 you press the Shutter button fully.

                                                                    LCD Panel Illumination button

                                                                             Grip/Battery compartment

                                                                                        Shutter button

                                                                                            Main dial

      Mode dial

                                                                            ISO/Flash Exposure
                                                                            Compensation button

                  Flash-sync contacts/Hot shoe           Focal        AF mode/Drive mode button
                                                         plane
                           Dioptric adjustment knob      mark    Metering mode/White Balance button
      1.1 40D top camera controls
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       6 Part I ✦ Using the Canon EOS 40D

       ✦ LCD Panel and buttons. Located                    you can also half-press the Shutter
           behind the Shutter button, the LCD              button and dismiss camera menus,
           panel buttons and the LCD panel                 image playback, and recording to
           control and display frequently used             the CF card.
           exposure and metering settings and
           options. Options you change on the           Note    Unless you use AutoExposure
           LCD panel are displayed only on                      Lock or the AF-ON button in
                                                                Creative Zone modes, focus and
           the LCD panel, except for ISO and
                                                                exposure are always linked to
           Flash Exposure Compensation                          the selected AF point.
           adjustments which are simultane-
           ously displayed in the viewfinder.                   See Chapter 8 for more infor-
           The settings you choose remain in                    mation on using Canon
           effect until you change them, even                   Speedlites with the 40D.
           after turning off the camera.
      Table 1.1 shows the LCD panel buttons,          Rear camera controls
      options, and the dial that you use to change    The back camera controls provide quick
      the settings.                                   access to the menu, various playback and
                                                      image deletion controls, Picture Styles, and
                See Chapter 4 to set Custom           exposure information. They include:
                Functions. See Chapter 3 for
                details on setting the white
                                                       ✦ Menu button. Press the Menu but-
                balance.
                                                           ton to display camera menus. To
       ✦ Main dial. This dial selects a vari-              move among tabs, you can turn the
           ety of settings and options. Turn               Main dial or tilt the Multi-controller.
           the Main dial to select options             ✦ Direct Print button. When the
           after pressing an LCD panel button,             camera is connected with a
           to manually select an AF point after            PictBridge, Canon CP Direct, or
           pressing the AF-point Selection/                Canon Bubble Jet Direct-enabled
           Enlarge button, to set the aperture             printer and the camera is set to
           in Av and C modes, the shutter                  Print/PTP, the Direct Print button, in
           speed in Tv and Manual mode, and                conjunction with the Playback but-
           to shift the exposure program in P              ton, displays only JPEG images for
           mode. Additionally, you can use                 cropping, layout, and direct printing.
           the Main dial to scroll among
                                                       ✦ Playback button. Press the
           Menu tabs.
                                                           Playback button to display the last
       ✦ Shutter button. Pressing the                      captured image on the LCD. The
           Shutter button halfway sets the                 default single-image Playback dis-
           point of sharpest focus at the                  play includes a ribbon of shooting
           selected AF point in manual AF-                 information at the top of the dis-
           point Selection mode, and it simul-             play. Pressing the Index/Reduce
           taneously sets the exposure based               button on the top-right back of the
           on the ISO and selected Shooting                camera during playback displays a
           mode. Focus remains locked for                  grid of images you can scroll
           approximately four seconds, after               through using the Quick Control or
           which time you have to refocus on               Main dials. Press the AF-point
           the subject. Pressing the Shutter               Selection/Enlarge button to return
           completely makes the exposure. In               to single-image display.
           any mode except Direct Printing,
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                                          Chapter 1 ✦ Exploring the Canon EOS 40D               7

                                Table 1.1
       Using the Main and Quick Control Dials for LCD Panel Settings
       Button                    Main Dial                       Quick Control Dial

       Metering/WB (Metering     Metering Modes                  White Balance
       mode/White Balance)       • Evaluative (35-zone TTL       • Auto (3000-7000 K)
                                   full-aperture metering)       • Daylight (5200 K)
                                 • Partial (9 percent at         • Shade (7000 K)
                                   center frame)                 • Cloudy (6000 K)
                                 • Spot (3.8 percent at          • Tungsten (3200 K)
                                   center frame)                 • White Fluorescent (4000 K)
                                 • Center-weighted               • Flash (6000 K)
                                   Average                       • Custom (2000-10,000 K)
                                                                 • K (Kelvin Temperature,
                                                                   2500-10,000 K)
       AF-Drive (Autofocus       Autofocus Mode                  Drive Modes
       mode/Drive mode)          • One-shot (locks focus         • Single-shot
                                   with a half-press of the      • High-speed Continuous
                                   Shutter button)                 (6.5 fps)
                                 • AI Focus AF (half-pressing    • Low-speed Continuous (3 fps)
                                   the shutter initiates AF      • Self-Timer (10 and 2 second)
                                   subject movement
                                   tracking using the center
                                   AF point)
                                 • AI Focus AF (monitors
                                   subject movement and
                                   switches to AI Servo if the
                                   camera detects subject
                                   movement)
       ISO-Flash Exposure        ISO Options                     Flash Compensation
       Compensation              • Auto                          Plus/minus 2 stops (EV) in
                                 • 100                           1/3 or 1/2-stop increments
                                 • 125                           (chosen using C.Fn I-1)
                                 • 160
                                 • 200
                                 • 250
                                 • 320
                                 • 400
                                 • 500
                                 • 640
                                 • 800
                                 • 1000
                                 • 1250
                                 • 1600
                                 • H: 3200 (with C.Fn I-3
                                   Expansion turned on)
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       8 Part I ✦ Using the Canon EOS 40D

      Menu      Print/Share      Multi-controller       AF-ON button
      button       button                                     AE Lock/FE Lock/
                               Viewfinder    Eyecup
                                                              Index/Reduce button
          Mode dial
                                                                  AF-Point Selection/
                                                                  Enlarge button

                                     Picture     Set button    Access lamp
       LCD      Playback Jump
                                      Style
      monitor    button button                   Quick Control dial
                                     button
                      Erase       Info      Power/Quick Control
                      button     button         dial switch
      1.2 40D rear camera controls

       ✦ Erase button. Press the Erase but-                       display of images on the LCD dur-
           ton to display options for deleting                    ing Playback mode. You also use
           the current or all checked images.                     the Info button to activate Picture
                                                                  Style parameter controls to make
                Checkmarking images for batch                     adjustments.
                erasure is covered in Chapter 2.
                                                              ✦ Picture Style button. Press the
       ✦ Jump button. When the camera                             Picture Style button to display the
           menu is displayed, pressing the                        Picture Styles menu where you can
           Jump button scrolls through menu                       change the picture style, modify
           tabs. In Playback mode, pressing                       the sharpness, contrast, saturation,
           this button enables jumping by 1,                      and color tone of an existing style,
           10, or 100 images at a time; by                        or create and register up to three
           screen; or by shot date. When                          user-defined styles.
           jumping by multiple images, the                    ✦ On/Off switch. There are three
           camera overlays a scroll bar on the                    positions on the On/Off switch. Off
           LCD image to show relative                             turns the camera off. In the first On
           progress through the images                            position, the Quick Control dial has
           stored on the CF card.                                 limited functionality. In the top-
       ✦ Info button. Press the Info button                       most On position, the Quick
           one or more times to change the                        Control dial is fully functional.
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                                            Chapter 1 ✦ Exploring the Canon EOS 40D                9

       ✦ Quick Control dial/Set
                                                                 C.Fn is Canon’s abbreviation for
          button/access lamp. Turning the
                                                                 Custom Functions, as detailed in
          Quick Control dial selects shooting-                   Chapter 4. For details on shoot-
          related settings on the LCD panel                      ing in Live View, see Chapter 5.
          and scrolls among menu options.
          Inset within this dial is the Set but-        ✦ AE Lock/FE Lock/Index/Reduce
          ton that you use to select menu                   button. Pressing this button sets
          options and to confirm menu                       Auto Exposure (AE) or Flash
          selections. On the lower-right side               Exposure (FE) lock, display Index
          of the Quick Control dial is an                   mode during image playback, or
          access light that glows red while                 reduces the size of an enlarged
          images are being read to or erased                LCD image during image playback.
          from the CF card.
                                                        ✦ AF-Point Selection/Enlarge but-
       ✦ Multi-controller. Above the Quick                  ton. Pressing this button activates
          Control dial is the eight-way Multi-              the AF points in the viewfinder and
          controller that functions as a button             on the LCD panel so you can man-
          when pressed and as a joystick                    ually select one or all AF points.
          when tilted in any direction. You can             During image playback pressing
          use the Multi-controller to manually              this button enlarges the image.
          select an AF point after pressing the             Both this button and the AE Lock
          AF-point Selection/Enlarge button,                button are press-and-hold buttons
          select White Balance correction,                  that are used in conjunction with
          scroll around an enlarged image in                the Main, Quick Control, or Multi-
          Playback mode, or move the trim                   controller dials.
          frame when printing directly from
          the camera. You can use the Multi-            ✦ Dioptric adjustment knob.
          controller to select camera menu                  Located beside the viewfinder, turn
          tabs by tilting it left and right, and            this knob to adjust the sharpness of
          to move through menu options by                   the scene in the viewfinder to suit
          tilting it up or down. When using                 your eyesight. The range of dioptric
          the Multi-controller to manually                  adjustment is -3 to +1 diopters. A
          select an AF point, you can tilt the              white mark in the center of the
          controller in one direction and tilt              knob shows the movement within
          again to shift to automatic AF-Point              the range. If you wear eyeglasses
          Selection mode.                                   when shooting, be sure to wear
                                                            them when you set the dioptric
       ✦ AF-ON. In Creative Zone shooting                   adjustment. To set the dioptric
          modes such as Tv, Av, and so on,                  adjustment, focus the lens by press-
          pressing the AF-ON button initiates               ing the Shutter button halfway, and
          autofocusing and serves as an                     then turn the knob until the image
          alternative to half-pressing the                  in the viewfinder is sharp.
          Shutter button. In Live View shoot-
          ing, pressing the AF-ON button
          pauses Live View and drops down
                                                       Front camera controls
          the reflex mirror to autofocus pro-          The front of the camera is one view of the
          vided that C.Fn III-6 is enabled.            camera that photographers seldom see. But
          Releasing the AF-ON button                   there are lamps and connections that you’ll
          resumes Live View.                           use often. The buttons and lamps, from left
                                                       to right side, include the following:
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       10 Part I ✦ Using the Canon EOS 40D

      Red-eye Reduction/Self-Timer lamp       EF Lens mount index

                   Shutter button

                                                                         Flash
                                                                         button

                                                                         Lens
                                                                         Release
       Grip                                                              button

                                                                         Depth
                                                                         of Field
                                                                         Preview
                                                                         button

                             DC        Mirror Contacts   Lens lock pin
                           coupler
                          cord hole              Lens mount
      1.3 40D front camera controls

       ✦ DC coupler cord hole. Lift up this                   field in the viewfinder. The larger
              rubber flap to access connectors                the area of darkness in the
              including to connect the camera to              viewfinder, the more extensive the
              household power using the                       depth of field will be. At the lens’s
              optional ACK-E2 AC adapter kit,                 maximum aperture, the Depth-of-
              which provides a coupling unit that             Field Preview button cannot be
              inserts into the battery compart-               depressed because the diaphragm
              ment. This power option comes in                is fully open. The aperture cannot
              handy for extended studio shoot-                be changed as long as the Depth-
              ing or in the unlikely event of bat-            of-Field Preview button is
              tery failure.                                   depressed. You can also preview
                                                              depth of field when using the Live
       ✦ Self-Timer lamp. This red lamp
                                                              View function.
              flashes to count down the seconds
              to shutter release when the cam-             ✦ Lens Release button. Press this
              era is set to either of the two Self-           button to disengage the lens from
              Timer modes.                                    the lens mount, and then turn the
                                                              lens to the right to remove it.
                   For more details on the Self-
                   Timer modes, see Chapter 2.                      The 40D uses the Canon EF lens
                                                                    mount and is compatible with
       ✦ Depth of Field Preview button.                             all EF, EF-S, TS-E, and MP-E
              Press this button to stop down the                    lenses. For details on Canon EF
              lens diaphragm to the current                         lenses, see Chapter 6.
              aperture to preview the depth of
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                                             Chapter 1 ✦ Exploring the Canon EOS 40D              11

      Camera terminals                                   ✦ Video Out terminal. The Video
                                                             Out terminal enables you to con-
      On the side of the 40D are a set of terminals
                                                             nect the camera to a television set
      under two rubber covers. Each cover is
                                                             using the video cable supplied in
      embossed with icons that identify the termi-
                                                             the 40D box.
      nals underneath, which include:
                                                         ✦ Digital terminal. The Digital ter-
                                                             minal connects the camera to a
                    Rubber terminal covers                   compatible printer or directly to a
                                                             computer to download images.
                                                             The cable for direct printing comes
                                             Video           with the printer and must support
            PC                               Out             PictBridge, PictBridge and CP
       terminal                              terminal        Direct, PictBridge and Bubble Jet
                                                             Direct, CP Direct only, or Bubble Jet
        Remote                               Digital         Direct only.
        Control                              terminal
       terminal
      (N3-type)                                         Side and bottom camera features
                                                        On the opposite side of the terminals is the
                                                        CF card slot and CF card eject button with
      1.4 Camera terminals                              standard insertion and ejection functional-
                                                        ity. The bottom of the camera includes the
                                                        release latch for the battery compartment,
       ✦ PC terminal. This threaded termi-              tripod socket, and the cover for the CR2016
           nal is under the first cover closest         lithium date and time battery. The estimated
           to the front of the camera body.             life of the date and time battery is five years.
           The terminal connects a flash unit           In addition, the bottom of the camera has
           that uses a flash sync cord. The             an Extension system terminal used in con-
           maximum sync speed with non-                 junction with Canon’s Wireless File
           Canon flash units is 1/250 second.           Transmitter, which is sold separately.
           This type of flash unit can be used
           in concert with a Speedlite
           attached to the camera’s hot shoe.           Lens controls
           Use the PC Terminal to sync with a
           studio lighting system.                      All Canon lenses provide both autofocus
                                                        and manual focusing functionality via the
       ✦ Remote Control terminal. This                  AF/MF (Autofocus/Manual Focus) switch on
           N3-type terminal, also located               the side of the lens. If you choose MF, the
           under the first cover, connects with         40D provides focus assist, shown in the
           a remote control switch to fire the          viewfinder, to confirm sharp focus. When
           camera to avoid camera shake
                                                        sharp focus is achieved, the Focus confirma-
           with long lenses or for macro
                                                        tion light in the viewfinder burns steadily
           shooting, or for Bulb exposures.
                                                        and the camera emits a focus confirmation
           The optional Remote Switch
                                                        beep.
           RS-80N3 replicates Shutter button
           functionality providing both half-
           and full depression of the shutter
           as well as a Shutter-release lock.
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       12 Part I ✦ Using the Canon EOS 40D

         Extension
            system
          terminal

      Tripod socket

           Battery
      compartment
             cover

      1.5 Bottom camera covers, compartments, and sockets

         Filter              Focusing Distance Focusing distance range          Zoom
       mounting                ring    scale      selection switch               ring
        thread

                  Focus mode Image      Image         Tripod      Orientation
                     switch stabilizer stabilizer     mount     locking knob
                             switch      mode
                                        switch                 Lens mounting index
      1.6 Lens controls
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                                          Chapter 1 ✦ Exploring the Canon EOS 40D         13

      Depending on the lens, additional controls
      may include the following:
                                                   Viewfinder display
                                                   The 40D offers an eye-level pentaprism
       ✦ Focusing distance range selec-            viewfinder that displays approximately 95
          tion switch. This switch deter-          percent of the vertical and horizontal cover-
          mines and limits the range that the      age. Etched into the viewfinder are nine AF
          lens uses when seeking focus to          points. When you manually change AF
          speed up autofocusing. The focus-        points, the viewfinder highlights each AF
          ing distance range options vary by       point in red after you press the AF-point
          lens.                                    Selection/Enlarge button, and then tilt the
       ✦ Image stabilizer switch. This             Multi-controller or turn the Main or Quick
          switch turns optical image stabi-        Control dial. When you press the Shutter
          lization on or off. Optical Image        button halfway down to focus, the selected
          Stabilization (IS) corrects vibrations   AF point is shown in red in the viewfinder.
          at any angle when handholding            The spot metering circle, which is approxi-
          the camera and lens. IS lenses typi-     mately 3.8 percent of the viewfinder at cen-
          cally allow sharp handheld images        ter, is also etched in the center of the
          up to two or more f-stops over the       focusing screen.
          lens’s maximum aperture.
       ✦ Image stabilizer mode switch.             The viewfinder displays exposure informa-
          Offered on some telephoto lenses,        tion, as shown in figure 1.7. The amount of
          this switch has two modes: one           information shown in the viewfinder
          mode for standard shooting and           depends on the current camera settings. For
          one mode for vibration correction        example, if you are not using the flash, then
          when panning at right angles to          the Flash-ready icon isn’t seen in the
          the camera’s panning movement.           viewfinder.
       ✦ Focusing ring and zoom ring.
          The lens focusing ring can be used
          at any time regardless of focusing
                                                   Camera menus
          mode. On zoom lenses, the zoom           While the LCD panel and the controls on the
          ring zooms the lens in or out to         body of the 40D provide much of the func-
          the focal lengths marked on the          tionality for standard shooting, other impor-
          ring.                                    tant functions are offered in the camera
       ✦ Distance scale and infinity com-          menus. For quick reference, Table 1.2 shows
          pensation mark. This shows the           the menus and the options for each camera
          lens’s minimum focusing distance         menu.
          to infinity. The infinity compensation
          mark compensates for shifting the        The camera menus change based on the
          infinity focus point resulting from      Shooting mode that you choose. In Basic
          changes in temperature. You can          Zone modes such as Portrait, Landscape,
          set the distance scale slightly past     Sports, and so on, not all of the menus are
          the infinity mark to compensate.         available. In Creative Zone modes such as P,
                                                   Tv, Av, M, and A-DEP, the full menus shown
                For more detailed information      in Table 1.2 are available.
                on Canon lenses, see Chapter 6.
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