EU Space Surveillance and Tracking: State of play and main developments - EUSST
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EU Space Surveillance and Tracking:
State of play and main developments
Military Space Situational Awareness Conference 2021
The EU SST activities have received funding from the European Union programmes, notably from the Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreements No 760459,
No 952852, No 785257, No 713630 and No 713762, and the Copernicus and Galileo programme under grant agreements No 299/G/GRO/COPE/19/11109, No 237/GRO/COPE/16/8935 and
No 203/G/GRO/COPE/15/7987. The content of this presentation reflects only the view of the SST Cooperation and the European Commission and the Research Executive Agency are not 29 April 2021 1
responsible for any use that may be made of the information it contains.
Evolution of EU SST into an
EU Space Programme component
Dr Pascal Faucher, Chairman
EU SST Consortium (CNES)
The EU SST activities have received funding from the European Union programmes, notably from the Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreements No 760459,
No 952852, No 785257, No 713630 and No 713762, and the Copernicus and Galileo programme under grant agreements No 299/G/GRO/COPE/19/11109, No 237/GRO/COPE/16/8935 and
No 203/G/GRO/COPE/15/7987. The content of this presentation reflects only the view of the SST Cooperation and the European Commission and the Research Executive Agency are not
responsible for any use that may be made of the information it contains.
What is EU SST?
Decision of the
European
Our goals:
Parliament and of Ensure resilience of European space infrastructures
the Council of 16
April 2014 Higher level of strategic autonomy
establishing a
Support Global SSA burden-sharing
Framework for
Space
Surveillance and
Tracking (Dec.
We:
541) are operational: sensor network, database, services, users
perform research and innovation activities to improve the level of
performance: upgrades of sensors, architecture studies, etc.
are security relevant: security and data sharing
mature and expand: upcoming EU Space Programme
EU Space Surveillance and Tracking 29 April 2021 3
Governance
EU SST Consortium: Cooperation with
7 EU Member States EU SatCen as Front Desk
France, Germany, Italy, Spain, Poland, Portugal, Romania
Overseen by
European Commission
EU Space Surveillance and Tracking 29 April 2021 4
Governance ▪ Security
PT
RO
PL
Dual dimension of SSA
DE
IT
Civilian Collaboration between civilian, military and security actors
FR
ES Contributing sensors remain under control of Member
States
PT Precise information on the nature, specifications and
RO location of certain space objects may affect the security
PL
of the EU, its Member States, or Third Countries
DE
IT
Military
ES
FR
EU Space Surveillance and Tracking 29 April 2021 5
Service Provision Model
Sensor Network Data Processing Service Provision
Tasking Requests
High Interest Events
CA Service
tracking
National
Sensor National EU SST
operation databases / Database /
catalogues in EU SST RE Service Front Desk Users
& control +
correlation LEO / MEO / GEO Catalogue
data
FG Service
EU Space Surveillance and Tracking 29 April 2021 6
Sensors Network
4 Lasers
10 Radars
(3 surveillance, 7 tracking)
32 Telescopes
(17 surveillance, 15 tracking)
EU Space Surveillance and Tracking 29 April 2021 7
Service provision ▪ 3 Operational Services
Collision Fragmentation Re-entry
Avoidance (CA) Analysis (FG) Analysis (RE)
Risk assessment of collision Detection and characterisation Risk assessment of space
and generation of collision of in-orbit fragmentations objects re-entry into the Earth’s
avoidance alerts atmosphere
Key features User-tailored service (SCD) Short-term notification to confirm quickly Long-term (within 30 days) re-entry
Hot redundancy scheme involving ES an FG event predictions
(S3TOC) and FR (COO) with harmonised Medium-term FG analysis based on the Short-term (a few days) overflight
service level and single service provider orbital parameters of the catalogued predictions with ground tracks over
per registered user fragments e.g. Gabbard Diagram customizable areas of interest
Enhanced Analysis & Risk Mitigation Long-term FG analysis (with simulations
support (e.g. covariance estimations, HBR with breakup model)
estimations, PoC sensitivity analysis, CAM
support)
Products Autonomous and enhanced CDMs Short-term notification 30 days list
CA Reports Medium-term report RE reports
Monthly reports Long-term report Technical notes
Technical notes
Portal Download and upload information (API and Download information (API and web Download information (API and web
web interface) interface) interface)
Access documentation and configure Access technical notes and dedicated Configure notifications
notifications alerts. content (e.g. fragments video) View evolution of re-entry window
View evolution of key parameters e.g. PoC
8
Service provision ▪ Galileo 1st Collision Avoidance Manoeuvre
EU Space Surveillance and Tracking 29 April 2021 9
Perspective ▪ EU Space Programme
Following EU Space Strategy (2016), legislative proposal for an EU space programme 2021-2027
(2018), agreed by Council and European Parliament (2020), foreseen to enter into force in 2021
All EU activities in one programme:
Galileo/EGNOS SSA (SST plus SWE, NEO)
Copernicus GovSatCom
EU SST as…
Working example of multilateral cooperation at the intersection of space safety and space security – new SST
partnership under construction with 18 EU MS
Important R&D activity to improve performance and strategic autonomy at European level
New possible services to ensure the safety and sustainability of space operations
Fundamental operational capability in Europe “...precursor of a European Space Traffic Management system” -
Commissioner Thierry Breton*
*Closing Speech at the 12th Annual Space Conference on 22 January 2019
EU Space Surveillance and Tracking 29 April 2021 11Development of a European catalogue
and considerations for SST data sharing
Marc Becker, Chairman
EU SST Security Committee (DLR)
The EU SST activities have received funding from the European Union programmes, notably from the Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreements No 760459,
No 952852, No 785257, No 713630 and No 713762, and the Copernicus and Galileo programme under grant agreements No 299/G/GRO/COPE/19/11109, No 237/GRO/COPE/16/8935 and
No 203/G/GRO/COPE/15/7987. The content of this presentation reflects only the view of the SST Cooperation and the European Commission and the Research Executive Agency are not
responsible for any use that may be made of the information it contains.Service Provision Model
Sensor Network Data Processing Service Provision
Tasking Requests
High Interest Events
CA Service
tracking
National
Sensor National EU SST
operation databases / Database /
catalogues in EU SST RE Service Front Desk Users
& control +
correlation LEO / MEO / GEO Catalogue
data
FG Service
EU Space Surveillance and Tracking 29 April 2021 13EU SST Database and Catalogue
EU SST Database EU SST Catalogue
Precursor
Measurement data from
Database the Database will be pre-
as starting point processed, analysed,
Measurement Data
for catalogue building and and correlated
Joint platform for maintenance
Correlated
efficient data sharing
measurements will be
and tasking requests
used to determine and
Operational since 1st refine the orbit of objects
April 2019
Initial development &
operation from 2019 to
Dec. 2021
MS Operations Centres will use the
Measurements from MS sensors
EU SST Catalogue
EU Space Surveillance and Tracking 29 April 2021 14Evolution of Data Sharing
EU SST Database as central platform for data sharing, managing
sensor tasking requests, and hosting additional information (e.g. status
of sensors)
EU SST partners have agreed on joint definitions of terms and
concepts that guide the operational exchange of SST data and
information
Continuous evolution of data sharing: More than 17M autonomous
measurements of space objects shared through the EU SST Database
in 2020
European Space Surveillance and Tracking 29 April 2021 15Security and Data Policy
The EU SST Security Committee oversees all matters relating to
data security and operational risk, and includes, inter alia,
representatives from the ministries of defence and national
security agencies
In the absence of a comprehensive set of SSA data sharing
agreements in Europe, EU SST deals with the security interests
of the respective partners and their allies through an internal
Data Policy
Security principles put in place by the Consortium include
Database access control, ownership control of any generated
data, and provisions on the use of shared SST data
The EU SST Security Committee develops classification guidance
and security requirements that cover for instance how EU SST
protects sensitive information such as data on allied space objects
European Space Surveillance and Tracking 29 April 2021 16Security and Data Policy
Need to consider the existing architecture of bilateral SSA
sharing agreements in Europe:
Classified & unclassified
SSA and SST data
Unclassified SSA and SST
* * data
* IT and ES are working on the MoD-DoD channel to update the current
SSA data sharing agreement at classified level
European Space Surveillance and Tracking 29 April 2021 17Security Framework of the new Space Regulation
EU SST as a fully-fledged, security-relevant programme as part
of the SSA component of the upcoming EU Space Programme
General governance and security principles will remain in place:
Role of the Member States in security accreditation; sensors
remain under sovereign national control
At the same time, EU SST will be integrated in the institutional
security framework of the EU Space Programme, joining the
current flagships Galileo and Copernicus
Interface with EU programme committee in security
configuration (27 MS), independent Security Accreditation
Board (SAB) hosted by EUSPA, EEAS/HR and COM
Elaboration of general security requirements in view of
potential threats to the confidentiality, integrity and
availability of SST services
EU Space Regulation, Exploring synergies between the security aspects of the
Final Compromise Text different Programme components
European Space Surveillance and Tracking 29 April 2021 18EU SatCen as EU SST Front Desk and
part of the SST Cooperation
Amb. Sorin Ducaru Ph.D., Director
European Union Satellite Centre (EU SatCen)
The EU SST activities have received funding from the European Union programmes, notably from the Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreements No 760459,
No 952852, No 785257, No 713630 and No 713762, and the Copernicus and Galileo programme under grant agreements No 299/G/GRO/COPE/19/11109, No 237/GRO/COPE/16/8935 and
No 203/G/GRO/COPE/15/7987. The content of this presentation reflects only the view of the SST Cooperation and the European Commission and the Research Executive Agency are not
responsible for any use that may be made of the information it contains.SST Cooperation
EU SST Consortium: Cooperation with
7 EU Member States EU SatCen as Front Desk
France, Germany, Italy, Spain, Poland, Portugal, Romania
Overseen by
European Commission
EU Space Surveillance and Tracking 29 April 2021 20EU SatCen, the EU SST Front Desk
SST Consortium SST Front Desk SST Users
Responsible for generating the Interface for the delivery of the SST services in SST services to be provided to:
SST services and their information accordance with the Data and Information Policy
All Member States;
SST User Service Engagement & the Council;
Portal Coordination Performance Promotion the Commission;
Delivery of User Key Communication, the EEAS;
the SST approval, Performance Dissemination
European public and private
information support and Indicators and interaction
spacecraft owners and
and services needs evaluation activities
operators, and
collection
European public authorities
concerned with civil protection.
* Future Space Regulation (next MFF) proposes
services to be open also to non-EU users
EU Space Surveillance and Tracking 29 April 2021 2323SST Portal & Helpdesk
SST Portal
User coordination
User platform for the delivery of the SST services
Highly available user support
https://portal.eusst.eu/
EU Space Surveillance and Tracking 29 April 2021 24Key Performance Indicators Overview: 2020 metrics
sensors data sharing database tasking services front desk / users
Data Sharing CA service FG service
>5.8M CDMs processed* 8 events
>17M >1.8M 18th SPCS CDMs processed 21 reports
measurements 377 High Interest Events 8 autonomous reports
RE service
>140 000 CDMs provided to users**
>9 500 space ~23 000 autonomous CDMs 65 events
objects >31 avoidance manoeuvres
238 reports | 197 30DRL
34 autonomous reports
148 satellites registered
*Includes total number of CDMs processed by the OCs(based on EU SST data, 18th SPCS, user data).
**Includes enhanced CDMs (based on 18th SPCS, user data) and autonomous CDMs (based on EU SST and user
data). The CDMs are provided to users according to the thresholds (e.g. PoC, miss distance) set in the SCD.
EU Space Surveillance and Tracking 29 April 2021 25Users
Collision Re-entry Fragmentation
108
Avoidance Analysis Analysis
+25 +80 +80
ORGS ORGS ORGS ORGS
22 EU MS
+200
Satellites
EU Space Surveillance and Tracking 29 April 2021 26Satellites
LEO MEO GEO
213
213
Satellites
47 46 120
BIROS ELISA E12, E24, GSAT / Galileo COMSATBW-1, 2 ATHENA-FIDUS
W11, W23
SAR-LUPE 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 0101, 0102, 0103, 0104, 0201, 0202, 0203, SICRAL 1, 1B, 2 SYRACUSE 3A, 3B
HELIOS 2A, 2B 0204, 0205, 0206, 0208, 0209, 0210, 0211,
TET-1 0207, 0212, 0213, 0214, 0215, 0216, 0217, 0218, XTAR-EUR HELLAS-SAT 2, 3, 4
VENµS 0219, 0220, 0221, 0222
TANDEM-X SPAINSAT INMARSAT 3F1, 3F2,
CSO-1, 2 O3B PFM, O3B FM 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 3F3, 3F5, 4F1, 4F2,
TERRASAR-X METEOSAT-8, 9, 10, 4F3, AF1, 5F1, 5F2,
CALIPSO 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20 11
REAKTOR HW 5F3, 5F4, GX5
JASON 3 HYLAS 1, 2, 4 EUTELSAT 10A, 16A,
DEIMOS 1, 2
PLEIADES 1A, 1B ASTRA 1D, 1KR, 1L, 172A, 21B, 25B, 28A,
METOP A, B, C 1M, 1N, 1G, 2A. 2B, 2C, 28B, 36A, 36B, 3B,
SMOS 2D, 2E, 2F, 2G, 3A,,3B, 5WA, 65W, 7WA,
SENTINEL 1A, 1B, 2A, 70B, 7A, 7B, 8WB,
2B, 3A, 3B, 5P, 6A BRITE PL-1,PL-2 5B
9A, 9B, HB 13B, 13C,
AMC 1, 3, 4, 6, 8, 11, 13D, KASAT 9A,
PAZ EYESAT
15, 16, 18, 21 12WB, 172B, 7C,
UPMSat-2 ANGELS 5 WEST B
SES 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8,
ION-mk01 Lucas ELO3 9, 10, 11,12, 14, 15 , AMAZONAS 2, 3, 5,
16/Govsat-1 HISPASAT 30W-5,
CHEOPS 30W-6, 36W-1,
NSS 5, 6, 7, 9, 10, 11, 74W-1, 143W-1
TRISAT 12
TURKSAT 5A*
SIRIUS 4, QUETZSAT
1, CIEL 2 BULGARIASAT-1
Commercial 130 Govern./IGOs 58 Military 23 Universities 2
* Support only for LEOP
29 April 2021 27User feedback
“The CA service was really appreciated during
LEOP operations”
8.5/10 8.6/10
Overall
feedback Front Desk
“The reports from the Collision Avoidance
service are very comprehensive
and meet our needs”
9.1/10 8.1/10 8.4/10 “Excellent support provided for troubleshooting
Collision Re-entry Fragmentation
Avoidance Analysis Analysis and to access
the functionalities of the Front Desk”
*Feedback obtained at the latest User Feedback Campaign (December 2020)
European Space Surveillance and Tracking 29 April 2021 28EU SST Taskforce: Potential Collision of two large
inactive space objects SL-8 R/B – DMSP 5D-1/F-3
EU SST
Taskforce is activated. Time of
Led by SatCen, it coordinates Close Approach:
monitoring and communication of 9 April 2021
major SST events. 17:18 UTC
T-51h T0
Six radars
confirmed Post-event estimates
there was (T+96h): miss
no collision. distance of 9m.
T-57h T-51h to T-2h T+2h
National Operational Sensor network
Centres (NOCs) detect tasked and predictions refined by
the event. First ES & FR OCs. Fragmentation
estimates point to a event simulated by IT OC. Last
probability of 1.5%1 estimates: 21m miss distance,
and miss distance of 20% scaled probability. SatCen
40m. coordinates with NOCs and
communicates on the event.
17 contributing sensors shared data.
EU Space Surveillance and Tracking 29 April 2021 29Thank you User Registration
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