RF Heating Scenarios Optimization (C2-W2.3) - CEA
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DE LA RECHERCHE À L’INDUSTRIE
RF Heating Scenarios Optimization (C2-W2.3)
West Experimental Planning Meeting #3 - 23th of May 2021
J.Hillairet on the behalf of all the contributors whose names will be cited soon
Commissariat à l’énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives - www.cea.fr
Commissariat à l’énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives J.Hillairet -RF heating scenarios optimization WEST Experimental Planning Meeting #3, March 22th-24th 2021 1
C2-W2.3: RF heating scenarios optimization - 29 Proposals! (1/2)
NB1: Proposals Directly Related to Impurity Production Characterization moved to C2-W2.4 (presented by C.Guillemaut)
NB2: Proposals Directly Related to Steady-State Scenarios moved to C2-W2.1 (presented by A.Ekedahl)
4 Main Topics
1. Modelling and Code Validation
Antenna Coupling
- Validation of 3D antenna simulation based on Petra-M using ICRH coupling measurements (N.Bertelli et al., PPPL)
- Validate 3D LHCD launcher model in Petra-M using ALOHA (N.Bertelli et al., PPPL)
- ICRF coupling experiments and comparisons with modelling (W.Helou et al., IO)
Interaction between antennas and integrating modelling
- Effect of combined ICRH antennas at different frequencies on heating efficiency (S.Shiraiwa et al., PPPL)
- Modelling ICRH and LHCD heating using European Transport Simulator (Ph. Huynh et al., IRFM)
2. Measurements and Characterizations
SOL measurements
- Direct measurement of ICRF electric field with RF pickup probes on scanning probe (S.G.Baek et al., MIT/PSFC)
- Impact of DC electric field to LHCD (S.G.Baek et al., MIT/PSFC)
- Wave electric field measurements by DSELF on LH experiments (C. Lau et al., ONRL)
- 2D SOL mapping during ICRH using reciprocating probes (L.Colas et al., IRFM)
Arc Detection and instrumentation
- Assessments for the ICRF arc detection and relevance for ITER (W.Helou et al., IO)
- Tests for the ITER ICRF Instrumentation & Control (W.Helou et al., IO)
Commissariat à l’énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives J.Hillairet -RF heating scenarios optimization WEST Experimental Planning Meeting #3, March 22th-24th 2021
C2-W2.3: RF heating scenarios optimization - 29 Proposals! (2/2)
3. Antenna and Scenario Optimizations / open new operational spaces
- Towards real-time control of ICRF coupling resistance (L.Colas et al.)
Antenna Setup - Real-time controlled matching (W.Helou et al., IO)
Gas injection - LH coupling with gas injection in WEST phase II (A.Ekedahl et al, IRFM)
- ICRF coupling with gas injection (W.Helou et al., IO)
Boron dropper - Effect of boron dropper on ICRF and LHCD (M.Ono et al., PPPL)
- Near q~
1. Theory, Modelling and Code Validation
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Commissariat à l’énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives J.Hillairet -RF heating scenarios optimization WEST Experimental Planning Meeting #3, March 22th-24th 2021 4
Validation of 3D antenna coupling simulation vs measurements
(C2-W2.3-P3) & (C2-W2.3-P4) & (C2-W2.3-P16)
Proponent(s) :
N. Bertelli (PPPL), S. Shiraiwa (PPPL), J. Hillairet (IRFM), Walid Helou (IO), D.Milanesio (Turino)
Scientific Background & Objectives
• Comparisons of modeling and experiments between coupling codes such as TOPICA or
Petra-M and antenna circuit model vs experiments
• Validate Petra-M modelling of WEST LH antenna vs experiments and ALOHA modellings
• Make direct comparisons with DSELF diagnostic (E-field in front of LH antenna)
• Make direct comparisons with E-field probes
3D ICRH full wave simulations for WEST plasma with
Petra-M for 40 degree WEST section
Experimental Strategy/Machine Constraints and essential diagnostics
• Coupling & Reflectometry measurements.
• Electron/temperature profiles, from the SOL to the core
1 session (few pulses) and piggy-back analysis
3D LHCD full wave simulations for WEST (LH1)
Commissariat à l’énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives J.Hillairet -RF heating scenarios optimization WEST Experimental Planning Meeting #3, March 22th-24th 2021 5
Effect of combined ICRH antennas at different frequencies on
heating efficiency (C2-W2.3-P12 )
Proponent(s) :
N. Bertelli (PPPL), S. Shiraiwa (PPPL), J. Hillairet (IRFM), R.Ragona (ERM), W.Helou (IO)
Scientific Background & Objectives
• Modelling the effect of multiple ICRH antennas on plasma heating efficiency
• Modelling the interactions between antennas (cross-talk)
• Study the effect of different phase between antennas
• Study the effect of different frequency between antennas
Experimental Strategy/Machine Constraints and essential diagnostics
• Pulses with antenna toggling
360 degree torus model with 3 ICRF antennas
1 session / ~ 10 pulses and piggy-back analysis
Commissariat à l’énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives J.Hillairet -RF heating scenarios optimization WEST Experimental Planning Meeting #3, March 22th-24th 2021 6
Modelling ICRH and LHCD heating using European Transport Simulator
(C2-W2.3-P1)
• Proponent(s) :
Philippe Huynh (IRFM), Ernesto Lerche (ERM)
• Scientific Background & Objectives
European Transport Simulator is a modular package for 1D discharge evolution developed in Europe
Goals are:
• Pulse analysis and interpretation
• RF Heating scenario optimization.
piggy-back analysis
Commissariat à l’énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives J.Hillairet -RF heating scenarios optimization WEST Experimental Planning Meeting #3, March 22th-24th 2021 7
DSELF RF E-field diagnostics
2. Measurements and Characterizations
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Commissariat à l’énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives J.Hillairet -RF heating scenarios optimization WEST Experimental Planning Meeting #3, March 22th-24th 2021 8
Study of Impact of DC electric field to LHCD
(C2-W2.3-P9)
Proponent(s) :
S. G. Baek (MIT), G. M. Wallace (MIT), M.Goniche (IRFM)
Scientific Background & Objectives
• Tore Supra exhibited a non-linear dependence of Vloop change to PLH
o C-Mod: linear variation was observed.
• Database study on WEST suggests a similar trend to Tore Supra.
• Effect of the Driecer field (∝ ne/vte2) may play a role.
Experimental Strategy/Machine Constraints and essential diagnostics
• Systematically scan the plasma current and density in order to detangle the effect of
the Greenwald fraction and the plasma density Normalized loop voltage vs. the normalized
o GENRAY/CQL3D code will be used for modeling. power in WEST (by M. Goniche)
1 session / ~20 pulses proposed
Commissariat à l’énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives J.Hillairet -RF heating scenarios optimization WEST Experimental Planning Meeting #3, March 22th-24th 2021 9
Wave electric field measurements by DSELF on LH experiments
(C2-W2.3-P13)
• Proponent(s) :
Cornwall Lau (ONRL), Elijah H. Martin, C.C. Klepper, M. Goniche, Ghassan Antar, Grant Bodner ,
Ahmed Diallo , Annika Ekedahl, Jamie Gunn, J.H. Harris , Didier Mazon, Greg Wallace
Scientific Background & Objectives
• Operate DSELF over 4 views near LH1 to better understand LH coupling and interactions of LH
with the SOL.
• Determine empirical relations between DSELF measurements such as fast neutral flow, thermal
neutral density fraction, RF electric fields, and RF electric field polarization and LHCD efficiency
• Understand effects of SOL density fluctuations, such as those measured with DCEDRE diagnostic,
on DSELF measurements and hard x-ray production DSELF RF E-field diagnostics
• Use DSELF measurements to validate LHCD models with fluctuations in the SOL (COMSOL) and Spectroscopic RF electric field measurement allows
core (GENRAY/LUKE) for direct comparison with simulation.
• Determine effects of boron on DSELF measurements, density fluctuations, SOL density profiles
on LHCD efficiency
• Experimental Strategy/Machine Constraints and essential diagnostics
• Shots with constant LH1 power for DSELF signal to noise, as long as possible.
• Vary in line averaged density (3, 4.5, 6 x10^19 m^-3) and plasma current (400, 500, 600 kA). 1 sessions / 9 pulses proposed
• At the middle of the LH1 power duration, boron will be dropped with constant LH1 power.
• Required hardware: DSELF, hard x-rays, boron dropper, LH1, reciprocating Langmuir probes,
DCEDRE probes, Desired hardware, PPPL x-ray camera, LH reflectometer, SOL reflectometer
Commissariat à l’énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives J.Hillairet -RF heating scenarios optimization WEST Experimental Planning Meeting #3, March 22th-24th 2021 10Direct measurement of ICRF E-field with RF pickup probes
(C2-W2.3-P5)
• Proponent(s) :
S.G.Baek (MIT), S.Shiraiwa, J.Gunn
Scientific Background & Objectives
• Compare E-field profiles between antennas & scenarios to RF modelling
Experimental Strategy/Machine Constraints and essential diagnostics
• Install and operate RF E-field reciprocating pick-up probe(s) for ICRF measurement
on WEST
Ochoukov, et al., Review of Scientific, Instruments 86, 115112.
https://doi.org/10/f74f2c
Piggy-back experiments
Commissariat à l’énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives J.Hillairet -RF heating scenarios optimization WEST Experimental Planning Meeting #3, March 22th-24th 2021 112D SOL mapping during ICRH using reciprocating probes
(C2-W2.3-P26)
Proponent(s) Density structure in front of IC antenna
L.Colas (IRFM) et al.
Scientific Background & Objectives
Characterize ICRF-induced SOL modification as a function of:
o poloidal/radial location of connection point on active ICRF antennas
o electrical setting of ICRF antenna: power level, phase, match point
o SOL regime, e.g. plasma density, local gas puffing, PLH, ...
Experimental Strategy/Machine Constraints and essential diagnostics
• 2D SOL mapping is obtained by several RCP plunges over steps of q95 (i.e. Ip steps)
• 2 RCPs and 3 ICRF antennas at different toroidal positions
• Several probe heads can be envisaged depending on the quantities to be measured
• LH coupling and LH hot spots also provide spatially localized information on the
SOL modifications.
[Colas ’07]
1 session / ~30 pulses proposed
Commissariat à l’énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives J.Hillairet -RF heating scenarios optimization WEST Experimental Planning Meeting #3, March 22th-24th 2021 12Assessments for the ICRF arc detection and relevance for ITER
(C2-W2.3-P18 )
Proponent(s)
W.Helou (IO), J.Hillairet (IRFM) et al.
Scientific Background & Objectives
• Measurements for the Sub-Harmonic Arc Detection & Comparison with modelling
• Direct RF sampling and explore other potential methods for arc detection
• Deep look to the optical arc detection
Example of vacuum conditioning process (from Q1 antenna in 2020).
piggy-back experiments
Commissariat à l’énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives J.Hillairet -RF heating scenarios optimization WEST Experimental Planning Meeting #3, March 22th-24th 2021 133. Scenario Optimization and New Operational Spaces
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Commissariat à l’énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives J.Hillairet -RF heating scenarios optimization WEST Experimental Planning Meeting #3, March 22th-24th 2021 14Antenna Setup
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Commissariat à l’énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives J.Hillairet -RF heating scenarios optimization WEST Experimental Planning Meeting #3, March 22th-24th 2021 15Towards real-time control of ICRF coupling resistance (C2-W2.3-P30)
Real-time controlled matching (C2-W2.3-P17)
Proponent(s)
L.Colas (IRFM), J.Hillairet, R.Nouailletas, V.Bobkov, R. Ochoukov, Philippe Lamalle, Walid Helou
(proposed under WP-TE / not planned in 2021 in WP-TE)
Scientific Background & Objectives
- ITPA-IOS joint experiments: develop real-time control of ICRF coupling resistance in view of ITER.
- Requires:
- Identifying actuators
- Work out controller
- Test compatibility with other schemes, including WMS
- Open loop and simple closed loop experiments in 2021
Experimental Strategy/Machine Constraints and essential diagnostics
− Assess local gas puff as actuator to improve coupling resistance [WEST]
− Dynamic radial displacements at different densities assess how to compensate core density
variations with plasma horizontal displacement. [WEST]
− 1 session in closed loop. Control of the coupling resistance using gas puff with best gas valve. Try
controlling simultaneously the core density using a second valve. [WEST]
− Assess strap phasing as actuator. [AUG]
− Essential diagnostics: edge density profiles, RCP, visible spectroscopy, IR safety system
1 sessions / 20 pulses proposed
Commissariat à l’énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives J.Hillairet -RF heating scenarios optimization WEST Experimental Planning Meeting #3, March 22th-24th 2021 16Characterization of the Interactions between ICRH antennas and
influence on impurity production (C2-W2.3-P10)
Proponent(s)
Julien Hillairet (CEA), Laurent Colas (CEA), Rémi Dumont (CEA), Volodymyr Bobkov (IPP)
Mariia Usoltceva (IPP), Riccardo Ragona (ERM), Syun'Ichi Shiraiwa (PPPL), Nicola Bertelli (PPPL)
(proposed under WP-TE / not planned in 2021 in WP-TE)
Scientific Background & Objectives
- ICRH is an efficient method to heat magnetized plasma. Three antennas are located toroidally
on WEST at 60° and 100° of each other.
- Usual heating scenarios use a toroidal phasing of 180° between straps. Currently, the
frequency is shifted between antennas to reduce cross-talk.
Experimental Strategy/Machine Constraints and essential diagnostics
− Scenarios including H-modes: Bt/Ip=3.7T/0.5-0.7MA, LSN, PLH=0-5MW, PICRH=1-9MW.
− Use 2 antennas (Q1&Q2) at the same frequency and varies the relative phase between
the straps.
− 5 pulses for 5 different /coupling conditions). Repeat for different constant phasing.
− Essential diagnostics: impurities survey (Bolometry, VUV & Vis. Spectro, SXR), RT IR imaging.
1 of session / 15 pulses proposed
Commissariat à l’énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives J.Hillairet -RF heating scenarios optimization WEST Experimental Planning Meeting #3, March 22th-24th 2021 17Gas injection
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Commissariat à l’énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives J.Hillairet -RF heating scenarios optimization WEST Experimental Planning Meeting #3, March 22th-24th 2021 18LH coupling with gas injection in WEST phase 2 (C2-W2.3-P20)
ICRF coupling with gas injection (C2-W2.3) & (C2-W2.3-P15)
Proponent(s)
A.Ekedahl (IRFM), L.Colas (IRFM), Guillaume Urbanczyk (ASIPP), Xinjun Zhang (ASIPP),
W.Helou (IO), J.Hillairet (IRFM)
Scientific Background & Objectives
• Improve RF coupling
• Eventually reduce impurity source production
Experimental Strategy/Machine Constraints and essential diagnostics
Feed forward gas puff (if properly calibrated valves) VG2
VP7 VI7
•
VB4
4 steps of 1-2 s at different flow rate B4 LPA
2 Litres
•
VP8
All antenna at reduced RF power VI8
FCI Q4A
• Feedback on top valve if needed to keep plasma density constant HP D2
VL2 VB5
B5
VP9 VI9
FCI Q1B
2 Litres VP10
VI10
VG3 FCI Q2B
Repeat by changing valves: VB6
2 Litres VP11
VI11
B6 Q4AH
• V7, V8, V9, V10 and eventually by combining valves (V7+V9) or (V8+V10) Pompage
VL3
3 sessions (LH, IC then LH+IC)
Commissariat à l’énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives J.Hillairet -RF heating scenarios optimization WEST Experimental Planning Meeting #3, March 22th-24th 2021 19Boron dropper
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Commissariat à l’énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives J.Hillairet -RF heating scenarios optimization WEST Experimental Planning Meeting #3, March 22th-24th 2021 20Boron dropper effect on ICRF and LH (C2-W2.3)
Proponent(s)
M.Ono (PPPL), N.Bertelli, S.Shiraiwa, A.Diallo, L.F.Delgado, J.Hillairet, L.Colas et al.
Scientific Background & Objectives
• ICRF in WEST is observed to generate tungsten impurities. ICRF also has been shown to reduce
core tungsten accumulation. This is an important ITER/reactor research topic.
• X-ray diagnostic (Luis Delgato-Aparicio) being installed can provide important information on
tungsten particles during ICRF.
• Boron dropper installed on WEST (Ahmed Diallo, et al.) could reduce the W impurity generation
and help WEST achieve high quality H-mode as observed in EAST.
Experimental Strategy/Machine Constraints and essential diagnostics Boron powder injection (#56638)
Assess the effect of boron dropper on ICRF and LH:
• Develop modeling including boron dropper and PETRA-M RF code to support the boron dropper
experiments.
• Boron dropper could change the SOL density, temperature, impurities and fluctuations which in
terms of RF performance.
3 sessions proposed (IC, LH and IC+LH)
• Test antenna dependences as the relative positions of the antennas are different.
Commissariat à l’énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives J.Hillairet -RF heating scenarios optimization WEST Experimental Planning Meeting #3, March 22th-24th 2021 21Scenarios
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Commissariat à l’énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives J.Hillairet -RF heating scenarios optimization WEST Experimental Planning Meeting #3, March 22th-24th 2021 22Effect of magnetic topology and Greenwald fraction on LHCD performance
(C2-W2.3-P7)
Proponent(s)
G.M.Wallace (MIT), S-G. Baek (MIT), M.Goniche (IRFM)
Scientific Background & Objectives
• SOL changes dramatically between limited/diverted plasmas
• Limited discharges show significant increase in LHCD efficiency vs diverted plasmas
on C-Mod
• Perform similarity experiment on WEST to compare with C-Mod and limited
discharges from Tore Supra
Experimental Strategy/Machine Constraints and essential diagnostics
• Density scans with LHCD under various magnetic topologies (near X-point, far X-
point, limited, double null, large and small plasma-antenna gaps).
• Perform similarity experiment on WEST to compare with C-Mod and EAST data
across range of parameters
C-Mod (5.4 T, 4.6 GHz)
EAST (2.5 T, 2.45 & 4.6 GHz)
WEST (3.7 T, 3.7 GHz)
1 session proposed
Commissariat à l’énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives J.Hillairet -RF heating scenarios optimization WEST Experimental Planning Meeting #3, March 22th-24th 2021 23Optimization and measurements of the H/(H+D) ratio vs Ti measurements
and role on the performance of ICRH efficiency (C2-W2.3-P11)
Proponent(s)
E.Martin, C.Klepper, M. Ono, S. Shiraiwa, N. Bertelli, E. Martin, C. Klepper, J. Hillairet,
Walid Helou
Scientific Background & Objectives
The minority H concentration is a major importance for ICRH scenarios. However, so far in WEST the
H/(H+D) fraction is neither well controlled and sometime measured. The goals of this proposal is
double:
• Improve the H/(H+D) control
• Evaluate the impact of the H/(H+D) ratio to heating efficiency
Experimental Strategy/Machine Constraints and essential diagnostics
To reach these goals, it is proposed to:
• Measure H/(H+D) from DSELF and compare values with visible spectroscopy measurements.
• Measure H/(H+D) ratio at various place of the machine and for various plasma parameters
• Inject ICRF power deduce the heating efficiency vs this parametric scan
1 session proposed
Commissariat à l’énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives J.Hillairet -RF heating scenarios optimization WEST Experimental Planning Meeting #3, March 22th-24th 2021 24Impact of electrostatic wave excitation of Ion Bernstein waves in WEST
(C2-W2.3–P34)
Ti = 10 - 500 eV
Proponent(s) nD:nH = 9:1 BT0 = 3T
M.Ono et al.
Ell
f = 52 MHz
Scientific Background & Objectives
• IBW excitation can occur for wide range of wave parameters
• Could the play a role in ICRF heating efficiency and edge loss in WEST? 53 MHz
54 MHz
Experimental Strategy/Machine Constraints and essential diagnostics
• Scan the plasma scenarios parameters to change the location of the LH resonance layer which 55 MHz
can trigger Ion Bernstein Waves
56 MHz
57 MHz
Antenna
R(cm)
1 session proposed
Commissariat à l’énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives J.Hillairet -RF heating scenarios optimization WEST Experimental Planning Meeting #3, March 22th-24th 2021 25Impact of ICRF fast ions on the core turbulence (WP-TE)
(C2-W2.3-P21)
Proponent(s)
Roberto Bilato (IPP), Clemente Angioni, Volodymyr Bobkov, Laurent Colas, Remi Dumont,
Julien Hillairet, Yevgen Kazakov, Patrick Maget, Roman Ochoukov, Markus Weiland
(proposed under WP-TE / not planned in 2021 in WP-TE)
Scientific Background & Objectives
• Verify the reproducibility of this stabilizing mechanism on WEST.
• Verify the existence of saturation and rollover of this mechanism on WEST.
• Verify the robustness in time on WEST.
• Address the impact on the tungsten-accumulation dynamics.
• Select a few WEST discharges to be repeated on AUG for comparison.
Experimental Strategy/Machine Constraints and essential diagnostics
• 5 discharges to define this scenario on WEST
• Scans of:
1) H puffing for the H concentration;
2) ICRF power mainly for the Fast Ion effective temperature and its logarithm
derivative;
3) B field for the IC location;
4) antenna phasing. 1 sessions / 17 pulses proposed
Commissariat à l’énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives J.Hillairet -RF heating scenarios optimization WEST Experimental Planning Meeting #3, March 22th-24th 2021 26Potential of N=2 H ICRF heating at low magnetic field
(C2-W2.3-P32 )
Proponent(s)
Riccardo Ragona (ERM), Ernesto Lerche, Dirk Van Eester, Tom Wauters, Vincent Maquet
Scientific Background & Objectives
• Operation at low B field
• will make it easier to achieve H mode.
• Does not need concentration feedback control.
• Assess if N=2H has potential for better WEST exploitation towards H mode achievement
• Quantify the indirect electron heating
• Assess fast particle losses at low B field operation
• Minimize fast particle losses by means of polychromatic heating
Experimental Strategy/Machine Constraints and essential diagnostics
Experimental analysis will rely on diagnostic measurements from:
• Reflectometry for ne profiles
• ECE for Te profiles 1 session proposed
• UV and SXR spectroscopy for the monitoring of W core content
• Langmuir probes for power density
• Break-in-slope analysis for power absorption profiles
• TOMCAT and CYRANO for predictive power absorption
Commissariat à l’énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives J.Hillairet -RF heating scenarios optimization WEST Experimental Planning Meeting #3, March 22th-24th 2021 27LH & IC combined
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Commissariat à l’énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives J.Hillairet -RF heating scenarios optimization WEST Experimental Planning Meeting #3, March 22th-24th 2021 28Understand issues and improve LHCD and ICRH combined
operation (C2-W2.3-P22)
Proponent(s)
J.Hillairet (IRFM), L.Colas, A.Ekedahl, M.Goniche, et al.
Scientific Background & Objectives
• LHCD and ICRH performances are generally higher when both systems are operated alone.
• However, it seems that neither LHCD nor ICRH has sufficient additional power to trigger
alone an H-mode.
• Hence, a combined operation is mandatory.
Experimental Strategy/Machine Constraints and essential diagnostics
This meta-experiment intends to document properly the interactions between RF systems from
a systematic study of:
• relative antenna positions
• Gaz injection close to the antennas
• Plasma position (Rext median) and poloidal shape (Rext upper & lower)
Few dedicated sessions proposed
Outputs t be use to revisit WEST Operating Instructions (ex: WOI 6.5 relative position between
antennas)
Commissariat à l’énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives J.Hillairet -RF heating scenarios optimization WEST Experimental Planning Meeting #3, March 22th-24th 2021 29Understand issues and improve LHCD and ICRH combined
operation
Proponent(s)
R. Dumont (IRFM), C. Bourdelle, M. Goniche, J. Morales, L. Vermare, L. Colas, A. Ekedahl, N. Fedorczak,
J. Hillairet , Ph. Huynh, P. Maget, P. Manas, J. Morales et al.
Scientific Background & Objectives
• Identify parameters (Ip, nl, gas recipe) for optimal LH coupling and core electron heating as early
?
as possible in the plasma
• Identify parameters (Ip, nl, Btor, nH/ne, gas recipe) for optimal ICRF coupling and electron core
heating as early as possible in the plasma ? ?
• Identify best experimental trade off between the requirements for the two heating systems (if ?
possible)
Deliverable: a set of standard time waveforms (gas, RF power, Ip) to be used in early phase of high-
performance scenarios for WEST
Few dedicated sessions proposed
Commissariat à l’énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives J.Hillairet -RF heating scenarios optimization WEST Experimental Planning Meeting #3, March 22th-24th 2021 30Integrated maximization of the heating power (Psol) for H-mode
operation (C2-W2.3-P33)
Proponent(s)
Ernesto Lerche (ERM), Riccardo Ragona, Dirk Van Eester, Tom Wauters, Vincent Maquet et al.
Scientific Background & Objectives
• Integrate lessons learned in various experiments (building blocks) to:
• Maximize input power
• Minimize core radiation for H-mode operation
• Verify if the various techniques developed for LH/ICRH (gas puffing, plasma target for efficient
RF heating, etc.) are compatible with each other (adjust if necessary)
Experimental Strategy/Machine Constraints and essential diagnostics
Very much dependent on the outcome of other (bulding block) experiments.
• 1) Start with conditions that allow best LH/ICRH operation (Ex: C2-W2.3-P22). First moderate
power than check max. power.
• 2) Adjust gas injection for best ICRH coupling and RF-sheath minimization (Ex: C2-W2.3-P15).
First moderate power than max. power. Check if this is still compatible with point 1. If not,
compromise.
• 3) In the best conditions for items (1) and (2), increase plasma current gradually (400-700kA?)
and check plasma stability, LH penetration and 'robustness' to W influx. Find best current and
increase the power.
• 4) At best plasma current (identified in item 3), perform an H concentration scan (2-8%) to Few dedicated sessions proposed
identify the best ICRH heating conditions: compromise between electron heating and fast
particle losses
• 5) Try shifting the antennas by ~1MHz to reduce peak ICRH power density and check if fast
particle losses are reduced.
• 6) Achieve H-mode and test whether the above recipe still holds. If not, adjust if necessary.
Commissariat à l’énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives J.Hillairet -RF heating scenarios optimization WEST Experimental Planning Meeting #3, March 22th-24th 2021 314. New Usages and New RF Systems
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Commissariat à l’énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives J.Hillairet -RF heating scenarios optimization WEST Experimental Planning Meeting #3, March 22th-24th 2021 32ICRF assisted breakdown at low loop voltage (WPTE)
(C2-W2.3-P23)
JPN98144 M18-43
Proponent(s)
Tom Wauters (ERM), Johan Buermans
GAS, mbar.l/s
5%H in D
(proposed under WP-TE / 1 session planned in 2021 in WP-TE)
Scientific Background & Objectives PRF, x1e2kW
• Expand JET experience on IC assisted breakdown at low Vloop (Commissioning of ECRH system on plasma
(C2-W2.3-P24)
Proponent(s)
G. Giruzzi (IRFM), R. Dumont, L.Delpech
Scientific Background & Objectives
• Control the W concentration in the core
• MHD avoidance in low loop voltage discharges
• Gain margins for L-H transition
• Open New scenarios in WEST
Courtesy P.Manas et P.Maget / Code Raptor,
Transport Bohm GyroBohm
Commissariat à l’énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives J.Hillairet -RF heating scenarios optimization WEST Experimental Planning Meeting #3, March 22th-24th 2021 34Commissioning of ICRH Travelling Wave Array antenna
(C2-W2.3-P29)
Proponent(s) :
R.Ragona (ERM), J.Hillairet ECRH
IC TWA IC Q2
Scientific Background & Objectives
TWA antenna has a big potential for future ICRH antennas, solving most of
the issues of classic “in-port” antennas:
• Better coupling or increased plasma/antenna distance
• Lower electric field
• Simpler Mechanical IC Q1
• Reduced Maintenance
• Reduced Neutronic Issues & Compatible with T breeding
Experimental Strategy/Machine Constraints and
essential diagnostics
• While it was initially proposed to use both Q4 & Q3 (ECRH) LH1 LH2
ports to install a TWA array in WEST, using only one port
seems also possible.
Commissariat à l’énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives J.Hillairet -RF heating scenarios optimization WEST Experimental Planning Meeting #3, March 22th-24th 2021 35Thanks for your attention
23/03/2021
J.Hillairet
Commissariat à l’énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives - www.cea.fr
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