CLOCS Standard for construction logistics Managing work related road risk - Looking out for vulnerable road users
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CLOCS Standard for construction logistics Managing work related road risk Looking out for vulnerable road users
Construction Logistics and Cyclist Representatives from different
Safety (CLOCS) – looking out for organisations – vehicle manufacturers,
vulnerable road users construction logistics clients, operators,
regulatory and enforcement bodies are
CLOCS aims to achieve a visionary change actively engaged with CLOCS.
in the way the construction industry
manages work related road risk. This is The CLOCS programme represents a
being achieved through three industry led united response to road safety across the
workstreams: industry and greater social responsibility
which will save lives.
• Improving vehicle safety through
design and manufacture of safer new Visit www.clocs.org.uk for further
vehicles and fitment of appropriate information.
safety equipment to existing vehicles
• Addressing the safety imbalance in Acknowledgements
the construction industry through The CLOCS Standard for construction
ensuring road safety is considered as logistics: Managing work related road risk
important as health and safety on site has been developed in collaboration with
• Encouraging wider adoption of best key industry stakeholders.
practice across the construction The Health and Safety Executive
logistics industry through taking welcomes this industry led initiative
best in class examples, developing facilitated by Transport for London as
a common national standard and a positive step towards improving the
embedding a new cultural norm management of work related road risk.
CLOCS has developed the CLOCS Standard The expert contributions made from
for construction logistics: Managing work organisations and individuals consulted
related road risk, a common standard for in the development of this Standard are
use by the construction logistics industry. greatfully acknowledged.
Implemented by construction clients The CLOCS Standard will be reviewed at
through contracts, it provides a intervals not exceeding two years, and
framework that enables ownership in any amendments arising from the review
managing road risk which can be adhered will be published in an amended version.
to in a consistent way by fleet operators. The CLOCS Standard does not purport to
include all the necessary provisions of
a contract. Users are responsible for its
correct application.
Version 1.1 July 2014 Document rebranded - all requirements remain unchanged
Acknowledgement is given to the following organisations in the development of the
CLOCS Standard:
CLOCS Standard for construction logistics: Managing work related road risk 3
Contents
Section 1
Introduction5
Section 2
Applicability and exemptions 8
Section 3
CLOCS Standard for construction logistic operators and clients:
Managing work related road risk 10
Section 4
Case studies and considerations for implementation 21
Section 5
Next steps and further information 30
4
Section 1
Introduction
1.1 Background and context
Population growth were not designed with this type or level
of activity in mind, creating challenges to
The population of the UK is expected to be managed and overcome.
rise to 81 million by 2060 making it one
of the most densely populated countries
in Europe*. Our towns and cities are busier Road safety
than at any other time in history creating Where the numbers of people walking and
unique challenges to address. cycling are growing in parallel to higher
A growing population means growing levels of development and associated
demand for places to live, work and construction activity there is increasing
spend time and an inevitable rise in pressure on already constrained road
development and construction activity - space leading to the potential for conflict.
often against a backdrop of considerable Cycling is on the increase nationally, but
constraints on space. We need to ensure has been particularly notable in London
we develop the skills and capability to where it has almost doubled since 2000.
embrace this growth. There are now nearly 600,000 cycle trips
Developing our towns and cities in made each day with numbers rising each
a sustainable manner is vital to our year.
economy, our social wellbeing and However, this growth has been coupled
the environment we live in. Improving with concerns about cycle safety.
connectivity, the urban realm and Although there have been reductions in
encouraging more active forms of travel the overall number of people killed and
are high on the agenda of responsible seriously injured on roads across the UK,
development in order to better integrate the number of cyclist fatalities increased
communities, improve quality of life and between 2011 and 2012.
ease pressures on the transport network.
There are particular concerns about
A rising population places considerable the over representation of large goods
strain on already busy transport networks vehicles in collisions with cyclists and
necessitating changes in travel behaviour pedestrians that have fatal and serious
and the modes of travel used. A number outcomes. Nationally, large goods
of UK city and regional authorities already vehicles over 3.5 tonnes are involved in
have high levels of walking and cycling approximately 15 per cent of cyclist and
and are increasingly recognising the 10 per cent of pedestrian fatalities.
benefits of promoting these modes as
healthy and sustainable ways to travel. There is a particular issue in London and
between 2008 and 2012, 53 per cent
Vulnerable road users and the large of cycling fatalities involved a vehicle
vehicles required for construction projects over 3.5 tonnes, despite these vehicles
are sharing the roads more than ever. Our representing just 4 per cent of the road
historic towns and cities and many of the miles travelled in the capital. However,
large vehicles required to service them
*ONS Sub-National Population Projections (2011) (Principal Projection)
CLOCS Standard for construction logistics: Managing work related road risk 5
this issue is not restricted to collisions demonstrated their commitment to
with cyclists – in London there were twice change. Communication of findings of
as many pedestrians and motorcyclists the report and buy in from the industry
killed in collisions involving vehicles over led to the formation of industry working
3.5 tonnes over the same period. groups which have identified what could
be done to reduce the risks posed by large
Analysis of the cycling figures found that vehicles to cyclists and other vulnerable
a disproportionate number of the vehicles road users. One of the steps identified
involved were construction related. was to develop and promote adherence
to a nationally recognised standard for
Addressing the challenge managing WRRR.
As a result, Transport for London On 4 September 2013, the Mayor
(TfL) commissioned a review of the of London, TfL and Department for
construction logistics sector’s transport Transport (DfT) announced plans for a
activities with an aim of understanding joint industrial HGV Task Force to enforce
the causes of collisions with vulnerable regulations against construction HGVs
road users and how they may be and a review of national exemptions,
prevented. The Construction Logistics demonstrating a high level of national
and Cyclist Safety report was published in commitment to addressing this issue.
February 2013. The document highlighted
issues with the way Work Related Road The WRRR requirements within
Risk (WRRR) was managed across the this document represent a key step
industry and raised concern over the in demonstrating the commitment
limitations of current construction vehicle of construction logistics industry
cab design with regard to minimising organisations to improving road safety.
blind-spots. Embedding work related road safety in
our culture is critical if we are to develop
Following the publication of this the skills and capability to manage and
document a high profile event was embrace inevitable population growth and
held at City Hall in London on 2 May travel demand throughout the UK.
2013 attended by construction
logistics representatives who publicly
6 Section 1 - Introduction
1.2 Development of a national standard
The CLOCS Standard for construction Terminology
logistics: Managing work related road
risk is the direct result of collaboration Each section states the requirement
between developers, construction logistic (this is the exact requirement to be
operators and industry associations. adhered to), explains the purpose of the
This document draws together emerging requirement and offers a demonstration
practice from a number of individual (indicates how the requirement should be
standards, policies and codes of practice met and demonstrated).
into one WRRR standard that can
be implemented by developers and Certain language is used within this
adhered to in a consistent way by fleet document with the following meanings:
operators. Each requirement has been • Fleet operator – any organisation or
developed with the aim of reducing the part thereof which operates one or
risk of a collision between large goods more vehicle(s)
vehicles in the construction sector and
vulnerable road users such as cyclists and • Client – an organisation employing
pedestrians. fleet operator contractors. This may
be a developer employing a primary
The standard and requirements have been contractor or a primary contractor
developed by the construction industry employing a sub-contractor
for use in the construction industry
and may not be appropriate for other • Shall – to indicate something
sectors within the logistics industry. which is mandatory as part of the
Other logistics sectors are encouraged requirement or in order to achieve
to consider this approach and to define a the requirement
standard appropriate to their sector where
• Should – to indicate something which
needed.
is recommended as emerging practice
Structure of the standard • May – to indicate permission or an
emerging practice option
The CLOCS Standard for construction
logistics: Managing work related road • Vulnerable road user – a pedestrian,
risk provides the standard for both cyclist, motorcyclist or person of
construction logistic operators and reduced mobility
construction clients.
• Approved – officially deemed
Sections 2.1 and 2.2 are applicable to acceptable by the client to meet a
both operators and clients. Sections 3.1 specific requirement or quality
to 3.3 are aimed at construction logistic
operators and cover the three core areas
of managing operations, vehicles and
drivers.
Section 3.4 covers essential elements
of site and project safety, giving specific
responsibility to the construction client.
CLOCS Standard for construction logistics: Managing work related road risk 7
Section 2
Applicability and exemptions
2.1 Applicability
Scope This document applies to commercial
vehicles ranging from vans over 3.5
Applicable to all commercial vehicles
tonnes gross vehicle weight to articulated
delivering to, collecting from or servicing
vehicles over 44 tonnes gross vehicle
a project, premises or property where
weight, including abnormal indivisible
this standard applies unless otherwise
loads and engineering plant.
indicated by the client.
All fleet operators serving contracts Demonstration
resulting in the use of vehicles for
delivery and servicing activities are Clients shall specify whether the standard
included in the scope of this standard applies within contracts based on their
unless otherwise indicated by the client. assessment of risk. The client will
determine, within their own contracts,
All fleet operators shall comply with the whether this standard:
standard in the timeframe instructed by
the client in agreeing the contract. This • Applies to all vehicles or vehicles over
shall not be more than 90 days from 3.5 tonnes gross vehicle weight only
the start of a contract unless special • Applies to non-construction vehicles
circumstances apply. such as those providing additional
services (e.g. catering)
8 Section 2 - Applicability and exemptions
2.2 Exemptions
Scope
Under certain circumstances special
exemptions may be granted, for example:
• Companies who deliver or service a
site infrequently (to be specified by
the contracting entity)
• Where it is proved to be neither
practical nor possible to comply with a
requirement in that the functionality
of a vehicle will be impaired
• Utility companies who are not part of
the project but who have a statutory
undertaking to access assets on site
Demonstration
Based on an assessment of the level
of risk, the client shall determine the
definition of ‘infrequent’ within the
contract.
Fleet operators shall present any case
for exemptions to the client. They shall
demonstrate why the exemption is
necessary, rather than relying on current
legal exemptions.
Clients may set their own criteria
for which vehicle types fall into
scope and any exemptions applied to
specific operations.
CLOCS Standard for construction logistics: Managing work related road risk 9
Section 3
CLOCS Standard for construction
logistic operators and clients:
Managing work related road risk
3.1 Operations
3.1.1 Quality operation 3.1.2 Collision reporting
Requirement Requirement
Fleet operators shall ensure the Fleet operators shall capture, investigate
transport operation meets the standard and analyse road traffic collision
of an approved independent fleet information that results in injury or
management audit. damage to vehicles and property. All
collisions shall be reported to their client
Purpose or contracting entity.
To ensure a baseline level of compliance
against all regulatory requirements Purpose
relevant to the road transport operation. To create transparency in the supply
chain and enable fleet operators and
Demonstration clients to work together to mitigate the
This shall be demonstrated through risk of road traffic collisions and prevent
current certification from an approved re-occurrence.
independent audit body (such as the Fleet
Operator Recognition Scheme (FORS), Van Demonstration
Excellence, RHA Standard or other FORS- A log of all collisions shall be maintained
equivalent standard). which shall include details of all evidence
required to investigate an incident.
Certification shall be within the period
specified by the client / contracting entity. Reporting shall include lessons learned
This period shall not be more than 90 and remedial measures identified to help
days from contract award. prevent re-occurrence of similar incidents.
Certification shall be renewed on an
Fleet operators should use an approved
annual basis.
reporting mechanism to report all
traffic collisions that result in injuries or
damage to vehicles and property.
10 Section 3 - Standard for construction logistic operators and clients: Managing work related road risk3.1.3 Traffic routing
Fleet operators should provide driver
Requirement training, briefings or pre-programmed
Fleet operators shall ensure that any navigation systems to ensure the
vehicle routes to sites or premises driver is aware of the specified route,
specified by clients are adhered to unless the circumstances (if any) of deviating
directed otherwise. from the route and the resulting
Purpose consequences of not adhering to the
To reduce the probability of collisions on route.
routes to and from sites and premises. There should be clear evidence that any
Demonstration deviations from the route as notified
Fleet operators shall properly by the client or the public authority are
communicate any routing and access addressed with the driver. The driver
requirements provided by clients to all may be required to sign to acknowledge
drivers accessing a site. the infraction.
Mobile or very temporary sites (e.g. Fleet operators may ask drivers to
emergency street works) are not subject demonstrate that they have understood
to a routing requirement. any traffic routing or site access
requirements by signing for them.
The circumstances (if any) under which
drivers may deviate from a specified route
such as temporary road closure, or road
traffic accidents shall be clearly specified
by the client.
Please also see Section 3.4.5 - Traffic
routing.
CLOCS Standard for construction logistics: Managing work related road risk 113.2 Vehicles
3.2.1 Warning signage 3.2.2 Side under-run protection
Requirement Requirement
Fleet operators shall ensure that Fleet operators shall ensure fitment of
prominent signage is fitted to all vehicles side-guards to all rigid mixer, tipper and
over 3.5 tonnes gross vehicle weight that waste type vehicles over 3.5 tonnes gross
visually warns other road users not to get vehicle weight that are currently exempt
too close to the vehicle. from fitment.
Purpose Purpose
To reduce the risk of close proximity To minimise the probability and severity
incidents and increase road safety. of under-run collisions with vulnerable
road users.
Demonstration
All vehicles over 3.5 tonnes gross vehicle Demonstration
weight shall display external pictorial Fleet operators shall provide evidence
stickers and markings to warn vulnerable that all rigid mixer, tipper and waste type
roads users not to get too close to the vehicles over 3.5 tonnes gross vehicle
vehicle. weight are fitted with side-guards.
Fitment shall be on both sides of the
Vehicles 3.5 tonnes gross vehicle vehicle unless this is proved impractical
weight or less may display external or impossible.
pictorial stickers to warn vulnerable
roads users not to get too close to the
vehicle.
The text point size should be legible by
a cyclist at a reasonable distance from
the vehicle.
12 Section 3 - Standard for construction logistic operators and clients: Managing work related road risk3.2.3 Blind-spot minimisation
Requirement
Fleet operators shall ensure all vehicles
over 3.5 tonnes gross vehicle weight
have front, side and rear blind-spots
completely eliminated or minimised as
far as is practical and possible through
a combination of fully operational direct
and indirect vision aids and driver
audible alerts.
Purpose
To improve visibility for drivers and reduce
the risk of close proximity blind-spot
collisions.
Demonstration
A combination of appropriate vision aids
and driver audible alerts shall be fitted to
the front nearside of all vehicles over 3.5
tonnes gross vehicle weight.
In addition, appropriate indirect vision
aids shall also be fitted to the rear of
all rigid vehicles over 7.5 tonnes gross
vehicle weight.
Class VI mirrors shall be fitted to all
vehicles where they can be mounted, with
no part of the mirror being less than two
metres from the ground.
All indirect vision systems shall be fully
operational.
Fleet operators shall make regular checks
and take all reasonable measures to
ensure all indirect vision systems remain
fully operational.
Fleet operators shall take steps to ensure
that drivers recognise that use of indirect
vision systems is an integral part of
their job.
CLOCS Standard for construction logistics: Managing work related road risk 133.2.4 Vehicle manoeuvring warnings
Vehicles over 3.5 tonnes gross
Requirement vehicle weight should be fitted with
Fleet operators shall ensure all vehicles operational equipment to audibly warn
over 3.5 tonnes gross vehicle weight are vulnerable road users when a vehicle is
equipped with enhanced audible means turning right or reversing.
to warn other road users of a vehicle’s left
manoeuvre. Vehicles under 3.5 tonnes gross vehicle
weight may be fitted with operational
Purpose equipment to audibly warn vulnerable
To reduce the risk of close proximity road users when a vehicle is reversing.
collisions by audibly alerting vulnerable
road users to vehicle hazards. Enhanced audible warnings may be
supplemented by visual warnings to
Demonstration vulnerable road users
Vehicles over 3.5 tonnes gross vehicle
weight shall be fitted with equipment to Audible warning devices should be
audibly warn vulnerable road users when fitted with a manual on/off switch for
a vehicle is turning left. circumstances, such as working at night,
where it may be appropriate for the
All vehicle manoeuvring warning systems device to be de-activated.
shall be fully operational.
Fleet operators shall make regular checks
and take all reasonable measures to
ensure audible warning devices remain
fully operational.
Fleet operators shall take steps to ensure
that drivers recognise that activation of
the device is an integral part of their job.
14 Section 3 - Standard for construction logistic operators and clients: Managing work related road risk3.3 Drivers
3.3.1 Training and development
Progressive training should include
Requirement on-cycle hazard awareness and use
Fleet operators shall ensure that all an appropriate mix of theoretical,
drivers (including those exempt or not in e-learning, practical and on the job
scope of Driver Certificate of Professional training.
Competence) undergo approved
progressive training and continued Training content should include but not
professional development specifically be limited to:
covering the safety of vulnerable • Induction to the company
road users.
• Induction to new contracts covering
Purpose familiarisation with new routes,
To ensure that all drivers have the vehicle types and sites
knowledge, skills and attitude required to
recognise, assess, manage and reduce the • Refresher training to ensure
risks that their vehicle poses to vulnerable knowledge and skills are fully
road users. embedded
Demonstration • Remedial training to rectify any
Each driver shall undertake approved deficiencies identified through
theoretical training which includes safety reported collisions or previous
of vulnerable road users. training
Awareness training on the safety of Where applicable this training may
vulnerable road users shall be progressive be aligned to Driver Certificate of
throughout the life of the contract. Professional Competence.
Drivers shall undertake training in the use
and limitations of supplementary vehicle
safety equipment.
CLOCS Standard for construction logistics: Managing work related road risk 153.3.2 Driver licensing Demonstration
To demonstrate that this requirement is
Requirement fully met, fleet operators shall ensure that
Fleet operators shall ensure that a all driver licences and endorsements are
system is in place to ensure all drivers verified through a service that directly
hold a valid licence for the category of accesses current Driver and Vehicle
vehicle they are tasked to drive and any Licensing Agency (DVLA) data.
risks associated with endorsements or
restriction codes are effectively managed. Frequency of licence checks should
be against an approved risk scale and
Purpose licences shall be checked as a minimum
To ensure that all drivers employed by the every six months.
company hold a valid licence and any risks
presented through an accumulation of Fleet operators shall have a policy in place
endorsements are effectively monitored to ensure drivers report all professional
and managed. or personal driving infringements to
the responsible person who runs daily
transport operations.
16 Section 3 - Standard for construction logistic operators and clients: Managing work related road risk3.4 Standard for construction clients
3.4.1 Construction Logistics Plan 3.4.2 Suitability of site for vehicles
fitted with safety features
Requirement
Clients shall ensure that a Construction Requirement
Logistics Plan is in place and is fully Clients shall ensure that the condition
complied with. of sites is suitable for vehicles fitted
with safety features and side under-run
Clients should approach this in a spirit of protection.
partnership with fleet operators, who may
have valuable views on how to achieve Purpose
safety goals. To ensure the site is suitable for all
vehicle types fitted with safety features
Purpose and side under-run protection.
To reduce the negative transport effects
of construction work on local communities Demonstration
and the environment by providing a tool
to minimise construction trips and reduce
Clients should carry out regular reviews
the potential for collisions.
of the topography of the site and where
Demonstration necessary implement diversions as the
Clients shall produce an approved site landscape changes.
Construction Logistics Plan which includes
Clients should ensure that the ground
measures to minimise vehicle trips and
is graded where the construction
reduce the opportunities for collisions
phase allows.
with vulnerable road users, for example
by considering specific sites such as
schools near to the site.
Clients shall ensure contractors are aware
of and understand their obligations under
the Construction Logistics Plan.
A Construction Logistics Plan may be
produced in its own right, or as part of
fulfilling the requirement within this
standard.
CLOCS Standard for construction logistics: Managing work related road risk 173.4.3 Site access and egress
Requirement
Clients shall ensure that access to and
egress from the site is appropriately
managed, clearly marked, understood and
clear of obstacles.
Purpose
To reduce the risks associated with
vehicles turning or reversing in order to
access or egress from site.
Demonstration
Clients shall ensure that effective traffic
management principles are adhered to.
Traffic management should first
attempt to eliminate hazards by design
e.g. one-way systems, traffic lights and
calming measures.
Where visibility is restricted or where
it is deemed necessary, clients
should ensure that a trained marshall
is available to assist with vehicle
manoeuvring.
Where appropriate clients may consider
the use of additional equipment such as
blind-spot safety (e.g. Trixi) mirrors to
aid the driver’s view of the road.
18 Section 3 - Standard for construction logistic operators and clients: Managing work related road risk3.4.4 Vehicle loading and unloading 3.4.5 Traffic routing
Requirement Requirement
Clients shall ensure that vehicles are Clients shall ensure that a suitable,
loaded and unloaded on-site as far as is risk assessed vehicle route to the
practicable. site is specified and that the route is
communicated to all contractors and
Purpose drivers. Clients shall make contractors and
To reduce risk of injury by segregating any other service suppliers aware that
loading and unloading activity from they are to use these routes at all times
the public. unless unavoidable diversions occur.
Demonstration Purpose
To ensure that construction traffic uses
Clients should provide a stable, graded the safest and most appropriate routes
surface on-site for vehicle loading and to site.
unloading.
Demonstration
Clients should ensure an appropriate Clients shall ensure that options to
person is nominated to manage all reduce peak hour deliveries to a site have
deliveries and collections to site and been considered and where identified,
supervise the loading and unloading arrangements to minimise peak hour
process. deliveries implemented.
Clients should identify a suitable ‘off- The circumstances (if any) under which
loading area’ and ensure that approved drivers may deviate from a specified route
loading and unloading plans are such as a temporary road closure, or road
in place. traffic accidents shall be clearly specified
by the client.
Please also see section 3.1.3 Traffic
routing.
Mobile or very temporary sites (e.g.
emergency street works) may not be
subject to a routing requirement.
Clients should demonstrate this by
distributing maps and any other vehicle
routing information to all companies
and drivers accessing the site.
Where appropriate, clients may consider
the use of additional equipment such
as blind-spot safety (e.g. Trixi) mirrors
or LED indicator trailer lights at high risk
junctions in the vicinity of the site.
CLOCS Standard for construction logistics: Managing work related road risk 193.4.6 Control of site traffic, particularly 3.4.7 Supply chain compliance
at peak hours
Requirement
Requirement Clients shall ensure contractor and sub-
Clients shall consider other options to plan contractor compliance with requirements
and control vehicles and reduce peak hour 3.1.1 to 3.3.2.
deliveries.
Purpose
Purpose To ensure that requirements are being
To reduce the risk of congestion and adhered to across the supply chain.
collisions in the vicinity of the site. To
minimise site deliveries, collections and Demonstration
servicing access during peak hours.
The client should ensure that it is
Demonstration a contractual requirement for the
contractor to check vehicles entering
Clients should demonstrate as part of site and to take the appropriate action
their Construction Logistics Plan the under the contract.
options they have considered and acted The client should request from the
upon to reduce the amount of trips to contractor a plan and / or process for
site during peak hours. This may include complying with the contract.
use of web / paper based delivery
booking systems, consolidation centres, The client should also undertake regular
vehicle holding areas, deliveries audits of the contractor’s process and
during off-peak times or the use of compliance checks. This audit should
alternative modes. include random vehicle compliance
checks undertaken by the client.
Care must be taken to ensure that
undue pressure is not placed on drivers The client may request that every
to meet time slots through contractual, reporting period the contractor should
economic or management pressure submit to the client a summary of those
when using a delivery booking system. checks and details the corrective action
taken in the case of non-compliance.
20 Section 3 - Standard for construction logistic operators and clients: Managing work related road riskSection 4
Case studies and considerations
for implementation
4.1 Considerations for implementation
The aim is for the CLOCS Standard for • Ensure that potential suppliers,
construction logistics: Managing work contractors and sub-contractors are
related road risk to be included within informed of the CLOCS Standard and
construction logistics contracts, and requirements as soon as possible in
adhered to as part of safe construction the procurement process for new
logistic operations. In implementing the contracts, and make clear reference to
standard, clients and operators should the CLOCS Standard and requirements
consider: within tender documentation
• Ensuring those responsible for • Be realistic in the timeframes given
procurement or tendering within to operators to comply in the case
the organisation are fully aware of of variations to existing contracts
the requirements, their purpose (though within the 90 days stated in
and the ways in which meeting the section 2.1)
requirements can be demonstrated
• Set up a method of ensuring and
• Update relevant health and safety and monitoring compliance with the CLOCS
procurement policies and strategies Standard and requirements, and the
to include the CLOCS Standard and actions to be taken in the case of non-
requirements compliance (as per requirement 3.4.7)
CLOCS Standard for construction logistics: Managing work related road risk 214.2 Case studies
Influencing Work Related Road Risk
through projects
Crossrail
In 2008, Crossrail Ltd accepted a statutory and Driver Safety Working Group’; online
commitment to train lorry drivers working resources for contractors; legal seminars
on the project. This was a first for the covering the Corporate Manslaughter
construction industry but it was also Act; Exchanging Places events with both
the catalyst for a range of initiatives City and Metropolitan Police; stringent
that would see Work Related Road Risk compliance checking of vehicles and
(WRRR) introduced into Europe’s largest dedicated training for those involved; and
civil engineering project. With intensive road safety material translated into 18
construction right in the heart of London, different languages.
and thousands of vehicle movements
each month, the health and safety of Collectively these interventions have
vulnerable road users became a key redrawn the traditional boundaries of
priority for the Crossrail project. health and safety to reduce risks in supply
chains associated with every HGV doing a
Launched in November 2009 Crossrail’s Crossrail journey. Crossrail has effectively
award winning Lorry Driver Training bought forward a legacy for the
programme has up-skilled 5,600 HGV construction industry by demonstrating
drivers in ‘sharing London’s roads with large projects can change and that you
vulnerable road users’. In April 2010 do not have to wait for legislation to
Crossrail introduced contract requirements introduce work related road risk.
that would see all transport operators,
at every tier, undergo additional due In 2012 Crossrail was awarded the IOSH
diligence and scrutiny by becoming bronze Transport and Logistics Award for Safety
accredited through the Fleet Operator and in 2013 Crossrail won the Brake Fleet
Recognition Scheme (FORS). Additionally, Award for Safer Vehicles.
contractors working for Crossrail also have
to meet stringent safety requirements
on vans and lorries by fitting additional
safety systems; now known as the
‘Crossrail standard’.
From the middle of 2009 to this day
Crossrail has innovated, developed
and introduced a range of initiatives
demonstrating a world class approach
to construction WRRR. The project has
established a comprehensive strategy
of engagement with supply chains,
stakeholders and the general public to
change behaviours, raise awareness
and improve vehicles and junctions.
Initiatives include a dedicated ‘Vehicle
22 Section 4 - Case studies and considerations for implementationReducing road risk with a common
standard
Lafarge Tarmac
Leading sustainable building materials individual contract hauliers who work on
group Lafarge Tarmac fully supports its behalf. This equates to approximately
the FORS standard. It aligns with the 2,000 drivers and vehicles. In addition,
company’s commitment to be at the all Lafarge Tarmac Transport Supervisors
forefront of continually improving are receiving FORS audit training. This
driver and vehicle safety standards, will ensure that the standard can be
both within its own business and the implemented at a national level and
wider industry. The company believes that work can be done with the contract
it is crucial for the industry to adopt a haulier supply chain to provide advice on
common safety standard which can deliver the required vehicle modifications.
safety enhancements quickly and lead to
behavioural change from drivers now and Much of the company’s work is being
in the future. co-ordinated between its Transport
and Safety and Health teams, led by
Lafarge Tarmac has taken a proactive the new role of Transport, Safety and
approach and has a number of initiatives Health Manager. Adding this position
underway, all of which support its to the business structure underlines its
commitment to improving safety for all commitment to reducing road risk across
road users. The company’s entire London the Lafarge Tarmac fleet. The manager’s
fleet has been fitted with new safety remit includes leading on the company’s
equipment, including side under-run bars ‘Driving Safety’ initiative. This sees its
and side sensors with external audible transport teams from across the UK
warnings. This standard is now being working to deliver challenging plans
extended nationally across the business, that continually develop logistics safety
with a plan to retro-fit 1,500 vehicles standards by focusing on each aspect of
going forward. the logistics and delivery process.
The company has also recently begun a
programme of FORS accreditation for all
CLOCS Standard for construction logistics: Managing work related road risk 23Implementation of policies and initiatives to
improve vulnerable road user safety
Mineral Products Association (MPA)
The Mineral Products Association (MPA) There has been progress in all areas, for
is the trade association representing the example the industry has implemented
aggregates, asphalt, cement, concrete and Driver Certificate of Professional
related industries. MPA members produce Competence (CPC) approved Safeguarding
90 per cent of these materials supplied in Vulnerable Road Users training for
the UK and the sector is by far the biggest industry drivers, focussed on the risks
element of the construction supply chain, associated with construction delivery
supplying over 200 million tonnes of vehicles.
materials annually.
Member companies have strongly
For many years improving the health and supported the Metropolitan Police
safety of employees and contractors has Exchanging Places initiative in London and
been a major priority of the industry. run similar public events outside London.
In early 2011, as a result of increasing
concerns about road safety and in In 2012 MPA agreed a Vulnerable Road
particular the risk of collisions between User Safety policy requiring extra driver
delivery vehicles and cyclists, MPA training and the fitting of additional
launched a Cycle Safe Campaign with a safety equipment to new vehicles and
six-point action plan comprising: also a retro-fitting programme.
1. Promote driver and industry Given that the industry will continue
awareness to deliver materials to a changing mix
2. Promote cyclist and public of thousands of construction sites
awareness throughout the UK, MPA is clear that
3. Improve driver training delivery vehicles will have to co-exist with
4. Encourage the use of appropriate cyclists and other vulnerable road users,
vehicle technology as we all have a responsibility to help
5. Liaison with schools make our roads safer.
6. Work in partnership
24 Section 4 - Case studies and considerations for implementationHanson Cement Heavy Goods Vehicle
(HGV) safety devices
Hanson Cement
Hanson Cement, part of the Heidelberg and incident itself and establish the root
Cement Group, are a leading supplier causes with certainty. The system also
of heavy building materials to the UK offers security in terms of insurance
construction industry. With depots claims.
nationwide and a fleet of 190 HGVs
Hanson are always looking to enhance Hanson fit nearside proximity sensors
operations and make continued safety and to their vehicles which give an audible
efficiency improvements. warning in the cab so the driver can
recheck the nearside of the vehicle, as
Hanson have fitted a number of safety well as giving an external spoken warning
devices to their fleet in addition to and flashing light to anyone in close
mirrors to minimise the risk of collisions proximity to the vehicle.
with vulnerable road users. Drivers have
additional warnings when operating Hanson have also developed their own
in busy urban areas. Hanson receive flashing sign warning cyclists to stay
feedback on safety and other systems clear of the nearside of an HGV, especially
fitted to their vehicles, and drivers are when turning left. This will replace the
adamant that the systems are of benefit standard sign currently seen on HGVs and
and not a distraction whilst operating is similar to the nearside camera in that it
HGVs. Drivers carry out defect checks on will activate when the vehicle is indicating
the vehicle and report to the workshops left under 25mph.
if any additional safety features are
inoperable.
Vehicles are fitted with four-way camera
systems - one on the nearside, offside,
front and rear. The nearside camera
displays on the in-cab monitor when
the nearside indicator is operated under
25mph. The rear camera will display on
the in-cab monitor when the vehicle is
reversing, giving drivers visibility of blind-
spots when reversing or traversing to the
nearside whilst changing lane or turning
left.
Everyone is aware of the impacts of
fatal accidents and these features are
helping to reduce that risk. Data from the
cameras can be downloaded to carry out
investigations or incident reviews. The
system records and stores the images
for seven days allowing us to analyse
both the precursor to and the collision
CLOCS Standard for construction logistics: Managing work related road risk 25Achieving vulnerable road user safety
through contractual compliance
Costain
As a responsible company, Costain takes minimum requirements for driver
its role in society seriously and has taken competence.
action to tackle this key issue concerning
construction logistics and vulnerable road Inclusive within Costain’s standard is a
user safety. Using industry best practice, compulsory requirement for all contracts
Costain has established a set of measures to undertake and establish a specific risk
and standards to prevent harm occurring assessment and construction logistics
from the interface between vulnerable management plan which will ensure their
road users and any of the vehicles contracts ensure the safest travel route
involved within Costain’s contracts. to and from Costain sites, minimising as
much as possible the interface between
The implementation of specific safety construction vehicles and vulnerable road
standards for vehicles that travel to and users.
from Costain projects has commenced
within the M25 with full compliance Costain and its supply chain who operate
required during 2013. Costain are also vehicles greater than 3.5 tonne must
working with their supply chain to achieve accreditation to bronze standard
progress the adoption of these standards with the Fleet Operator Recognition
outside of the M25 during 2014 with an Scheme (FORS). Compliance with Costain’s
aim to encourage the wider adoption of standards is measured on all their
best practice in logistics and cycle safety contracts achieved by all vehicles being
across the construction industry. assessed upon entering Costain sites
without exception, against a checklist.
The Costain standard specifies minimum
requirements for all types of construction
vehicles greater than 3.5 tonnes and
26 Section 4 - Case studies and considerations for implementationExtending cycle safety standards beyond HGVs
to mobile plant
Laing O’Rourke
Laing O’Rourke, together with its services to better understand how vehicle
and logistics provider Select, has fitted movements impact other road users.
its entire nationwide fleet of HGVs with This has allowed Select to plan and
cameras and vulnerable road user safety adjust its operations to reduce risk. The
equipment. camera systems are also a powerful
tool in encouraging professional driving
Select’s camera systems have advanced standards.
recording capability that allows the
company to use the recorded data Select operates some of the largest items
of construction plant in the industry. It
takes a ‘catch all’ approach to vulnerable
road user protection and has extended the
HGV scheme to include mobile cranes and
concrete pumps, which are not currently
covered by HGV safety rules.
The programme has met with widespread
driver approval and is being supported
with the adoption of the new work related
road risk standard nationwide.
London Construction Consolidation Centre
Wilson James
Wilson James’s LCCC is the only dedicated Professional Competency (DCPC) training
consolidation centre in London, which and receiving regular toolbox talks on
supports materials management for cycle awareness.
construction in the capital. It is estimated
to reduce supplier vehicles travelling to Drivers know their routes and do not block
projects it supports by 68 per cent. cycle lanes waiting near to site. Ninety-
eight per cent of consolidated deliveries
By investing in safety equipment for arrive on time.
vehicles, and training for staff, the centre
contributes to making the roads a little
safer for all users.
LCCC vehicles are all fitted with Class V
and VI mirrors, cyclist proximity sensors
and side-guards to reduce the likelihood
of incidents with cyclists and pedestrians.
Warning signs for cyclists are displayed
to the rear of vehicles and drivers
are undertaking Driver Certificate of
CLOCS Standard for construction logistics: Managing work related road risk 27Commitment to delivering progressive driver
training
O’Donovan Waste Disposal Ltd
O’Donovan Waste Disposal Ltd is one Again, with their driver’s participation
of London’s largest independent waste and input, all O’Donovan HGVs are fitted
management companies and the only with the side-scan detection systems,
independent company to have achieved side impact bars, cameras, Fresnel lenses,
gold FORS accreditation. warning triangles, fire extinguishers
and cycle safety stickers. As a further
Having started a driver focus group demonstration of their commitment,
to gain a better understanding of O’Donovan has two in-house National
what skills needed to be enhanced, an Examination Board in Occupational Safety
inclusive strategy for driver training and and Health (NEBOSH) trained staff, on
development was implemented in 2010. hand to give employees and clients advice
Three years in and the commitment to and assistance with any health and safety
training has helped ensure standards matters, including training.
continually improved in health and safety In order to deliver training to fit with
and wellbeing, alongside improving their drivers’ requirements and without
sustainable development. All drivers have disrupting the service to clients,
achieved NVQs in HGV driving, are Safe O’Donovan became a registered training
and Fuel Efficient Driving (SAFED) trained centre. This enables delivery of training
and hold CPC cards surpassing what is out of hours and on Saturdays. The
legally required. managing director Jacqueline, is also now
Having participated in the pilot of the a qualified trainer delivering courses
Crossrail e-learning initiative, it is now in-house.
compulsory for all new starters to
undertake as part of their induction the
Crossrail one-day classroom interactive
training and CSCS touch-screen health
and safety training. All new drivers are
allocated a ‘buddy’ who helps mentor
them until they are familiar with the
daily procedures. These include specified
routes as planned by the transport
manager which avoid cycling hotspots.
Drivers are also encouraged to undertake
the ‘Safe Urban Driving’ training course
which includes an on-cycle session out on
the road so drivers get to experience the
cyclists view.
Drivers reports, identifying and
celebrating efficient and safe driving,
are circulated weekly, as well as updates
about performance and training which are
distributed via a newsletter.
28 Section 4 - Case studies and considerations for implementationBuilding a culture of cycle safety excellence
Mace Group
Mace is an international consultancy and transport operators in line with the
construction company offering integrated proposed industry standard
services across the full property and
infrastructure life cycle. • Earlier planning actions for
construction logistics for projects
The safety of people is at the heart of
what Mace does and the company is • New auditing processes for projects
working to transform its approach to off- and across the supply chain
site construction logistics for the projects • Engagement with clients and their
it delivers. Mace is proud to be part of the people through cycle safety events
industry forum committed to improving
road safety. • New training and development events
for Mace staff, particularly those who
In line with the vision to develop a cycle to and from work
common industry standard that reduces
risks posed by construction vehicles Mace has a long-standing commitment
to vulnerable road users, Mace have to improve project start up processes;
implemented the following cycle safety the company believes that effective
measures: planning and strong leadership will help to
influence positive behaviours that help to
• A robust review of project delivery create a safety culture.
arrangements such as routes to site,
access arrangements, signage and Mace will continue its work to reduce
barriers risks to cyclists by setting high safety
standards across all our business
• New FORS accreditation and activities, and promoting a culture of
registration requirements for suppliers safety excellence.
delivering to Mace projects and
new vehicle standards for fleet and
CLOCS Standard for construction logistics: Managing work related road risk 29Section 5
Next steps and further
information
5.1 Next steps
The CLOCS Standard for construction requirements. Supplementary guidance
logistics: Managing work related road risk has been produced in the same way as
(WRRR) is a key step in improving the the requirements within this document
management of work related road risk by – in close collaboration with construction
providing a common standard for use by industry organisations and associations.
UK authorities and construction logistics
clients and operators. The requirements within this document
are to be kept under review in order to
The standard is supported by take into account collective feedback, new
supplementary guidance that will research findings and emerging practice
assist organisations in implementing in relation to managing work related
and ensuring compliance with the road risk.
30 Section 5 - Next steps and further information5.2 Further information
For further information visit www.clocs.org.uk
An electronic version of this document can be downloaded from the following link:
CLOCS Standard for construction logistics: Managing work related road risk (WRRR) ‘A
construction industry initiative to improve vulnerable road user safety’
http://www.clocs.org.uk/standard-for-clocs/
Further useful information can be found in the following guides and publications:
CLOCS Guide – managing supplier compliance
http://www.clocs.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2014/07/CLOCS-Guide-managing-supplier-
compliance.pdf
CLOCS Guide – managing driver training and licensing
http://www.clocs.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2014/07/CLOCS-Guide-managing-driver-
training-and-licensing.pdf
CLOCS Guide – managing work related road risk in contracts
http://www.clocs.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2014/07/CLOCS-Guide-managing-work-
related-road-risk-in-contracts.pdf
CLOCS Toolkit – managing collision reporting and analysis
http://www.clocs.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2014/07/CLOCS-Toolkit-managing-collision-
reporting-and-analysis.pdf
Construction logistics and cyclist safety - summary report
Transport Research Laboratory
http://www.trl.co.uk/online_store/reports_publications/trl_reports/cat_road_user_safety/
report_construction_logistics_and_cyclist_safety_summary_report.htm
Construction logistics and cyclist safety - full technical report
Transport Research Laboratory
http://www.trl.co.uk/online_store/reports_publications/trl_reports/cat_road_user_safety/
report_construction_logistics_and_cyclist_safety_technical_report.htm
Driving at work: Managing work-related road safety
Department for Transport / Health and Safety Executive
http://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/indg382.pdf
Improving road safety through procurement
Transport for London
http://www.clocs.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/improving-road-safety-through-
procurement.pdf
CLOCS Standard for construction logistics: Managing work related road risk 31Construction Logistics Plan Guidance for developers
Transport for London
http://www.clocs.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/construction-logistics-plan-
guidance-for-developers.pdf
Construction Logistics Plan Guidance for planners
Transport for London
http://www.clocs.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/construction-logistics-plan-
guidance-for-planners.pdf
Further information on the Fleet Operator Recognition Scheme (FORS) is available from
www.fors-online.org.uk
32 Section 2 - Applicability and exemptionsCLOCS Standard for construction logistics: Managing work related road risk 33
Looking out
for vulnerable
road users www.clocs.org.uk
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34 Section 5 - Next steps and further informationYou can also read
