Introduction to the NYC Crossover Youth Practice Model - Who are Crossover Youth? - NYPWA
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7/15/2014
Introduction to the NYC
Crossover Youth Practice Model
NYPWA Conference
July 2014
Who are Crossover Youth?
17/15/2014
Crossover Youth: The Overlap
CROSS-
Child Welfare OVER Juvenile Justice
System YOUTH System
Characteristics of Crossover Youth
Persistent or
adolescent-onset
maltreatment
Child Welfare Type and # of
System placements
Absence of
positive
attachments
27/15/2014
Crossover Youth: The Overlap
Less than ½ charged
with violent offenses
¼ to ½ detained at the
time of arrest Juvenile Justice
System
Prior contact with the
system for previous
criminal or status
offense charges
Who are the Child Welfare Involved Youth
who Cross Over into Delinquency?
• Younger at the age of their first arrest than youth
not involved in child welfare
• Disproportionately young women and African-
American
• History of not attending school and special
education issues
• Parents and youth with history of mental illness,
substance abuse, domestic violence, and/or
criminal behavior
6
37/15/2014
Proportion of Crossover Youth increases
the further we look in the juvenile justice
system
42%
7% Placement
Probation Cases
1% Cases
Diversion
Cases
7
What do we see if we fail to act?
• Higher rates of substance abuse and
mental illness
• Higher recidivism rates
• Higher rates of criminal involvement as
adults
• Higher rates of child welfare involvement
when they become parents
8
47/15/2014
Overview of the Crossover Youth
Practice Model (CYPM)
Georgetown University Center for Juvenile
Justice Reform and
Casey Family Programs
9
What is CYPM?
• Casey Family Programs and the Center for Juvenile
Justice Reform at the Georgetown University Public
Policy Institute (CJJR) have partnered since 2007 to
address the unique issues presented by crossover
youth. New York City stakeholders agreed to do pilot in
July 2012
• The Crossover Youth Practice Model is a particular
approach intended to improve the handling and
outcomes of youth in the child welfare and juvenile
justice systems by building and enhancing
communication and collaboration across multiple
systems
57/15/2014
Purpose of CYPM
• Reduce the prevalence of child welfare youth crossing over into
delinquency
• Improve outcomes for crossover youth and reduce their further
involvement in the juvenile justice and/or criminal justice systems
CYPM Process
• Aim to prevent youth from going further into the Juvenile Justice
System
• Identify crossover youth from the beginning
• Ensure that workers are exchanging information in a timely manner
• Include families in all decision‐making aspects
• Guard against foster care bias
• Maximize the services utilized by each system to prevent crossover
from occurring and to coordinate service planning
11
TARGET OUTCOMES
• Reduction in the number of youth placed in out‐of‐
home care
• Reduction in the use of congregate care
• Reduction in the use of APPLA as a permanency goal
for youth involved in both child welfare and juvenile
justice systems
• Improve outcomes at each stage of the juvenile
justice case
– Increase the number of cases being diverted by Probation
– Reduce the number of juvenile delinquency and/or
criminal cases being filed
– Increase the use of community‐based alternative programs
67/15/2014
Preliminary Data from CYPM Sites
June 2012
• Six months after CYPM youth were identified, the
tracked subgroup were more likely to live at home and
less likely to have APPLA as their permanency goal and
to be living in congregate care compared to Pre‐CYPM
youth.
• CYPM youth were less likely to be detained at the time
of arrest than Pre‐CYPM youth.
• CYPM youth are more likely to receive diversion
compared to Pre‐CYPM youth.
• CYPM youth were less likely to have a new arrest six
months after identification than Pre‐CYPM youth.
NYC CYPM Implementation
• Since June 2012, collaboration and planning
with all NYC stakeholders‐ ACS, Department of
Probation, Family Court, Legal Aid, Bronx
Defenders, Department of Education,
Corporation Counsel, etc.
• CYPM began pilot in the Bronx on April 14,
2014.
• Implementation team formed and started
meeting in in Brooklyn in the fall of 2013; roll‐
out of the model expected in Fall of 2014.
77/15/2014
Implementation Activities
• Implementation Team Meetings
• Subcommittees
– Information Sharing Subcommittee – Review of all
information sharing statutes, regulations and MOUs
– Family Engagement and Conferencing Subcommittee –
drafted Citywide CYPM Protocols and CYPM Consents
– Data Subcommittee – Collection of CYPM data for
Georgetown and on‐going tracking and data collection
– Training Subcommittee – Develop training curriculum
and training plan
Bronx CYPM:
Target Population
Kids 7‐15 with open child
welfare cases who get
arrested
Kids with open child
welfare cases and Family
Court delinquency
involvement
Kids with ANY child
welfare and ANY justice
involvement
87/15/2014
Bronx crossover youth are identified as one of three types‐
Youth who are under 16 and get arrested and are involved in
one of the following child welfare systems:
•
Foster Care /
Preventive
Trial Discharge
Court‐Ordered
Supervision
Family
Family Support
Permanency
Services & the Division of Child
Services & the
Preventive Protection
Foster Care
Agencies
Agencies
Core Components of the CYPM Model
• Identification &Notification
Arrest • Pre‐Filing: CYPM Adjustment Conference
• Post‐Filing: Court Identification & Notification
Court • Post‐Filing CYPM Child Welfare Conference
• Disposition Planning
• Post‐Dispo: Ongoing Collaboration & Discharge Planning
Dispo
18
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Identification & Notification:
Confirm
• Launched in the late 1990s because kids in foster care were
spending 70% more time in detention
• Every weekday, ACS’s Confirm Unit reviews reports of all
arrested youth to determine which are crossover youth
• Since 2008, Confirm has helped to reduce the length of stay
for crossover youth in juvenile detention by 50%
• They will be identifying and notifying CYPM youth
Case Responsibility
• ACS and the Juvenile Justice agency will
remain in their respective roles on shared
cases.
• Different definitions of safety‐ child safety
& community safety
• Different focus for intervention‐ child &
parent
• ACS obligations to plan for the youth
remain the same
107/15/2014
CYPM Conferencing
• Will be run using the existing protocols for DOP
Adjustment conferences or ACS conferences such
as Elevated Risk Conference, Family Team
Conference or Division of Child Protection family
meetings
• CYPM conferences cannot happen without
consent
• Goal is always to coordinate planning so services
and resources can complement those of the
other system
Conferences – Pre‐Filing
Arrest
Probation Intake
Case Resolved Adjustment CYPM Adjustment
Conference – led by DOP,
Child Welfare staff may
participate
Possible ERC
22
117/15/2014
Conferences – Post Filing
Arrest
Probation Intake
Adjustment
CYPM Post‐Filing
Conference – ACS led
Petition Filing Conference, Juvenile
Justice provider
participates 23
Ongoing Collaboration ‐ Post Filing
• Collaboration should continue throughout the
juvenile justice case
Petition
Filing
Fact Dismissed/
Finding Not Guilty
Disposition
127/15/2014
CYPM Court Procedures – Family
Court Judges
• Bronx Family Court Decision Tree –
Determines which judge gets assigned the Art.
10 case and/or the Art. 3 case
• Bench Card
CYPM Court Procedures – Family Court
Legal Services
• Preparing the office for CYPM
• ‐Pre‐Close To Home
• ‐Close to Home
• ‐ CYPM
• Culture Change
• Building Your Office
• Collaborating With Stakeholder
• New Practice Issues
• Ensuring that CPS and Foster Care Workers are supported through
the Process
‐Training
‐Culture Change
‐Confidentiality
137/15/2014
CYPM Court Procedures – Corporation
Counsel’s Office
• Responsibilities in the CYPM Process
• Culture Change
Next Steps
• Launching in Brooklyn Fall/Winter 2014
• Training for all foster care and preventive
agencies on the CYPM
• Begin implementation in other boroughs in
2015
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