Resource Management Plan - HARTBEESPOORT DAM REPORT - Volume 1 of 2 - Kormorant
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HARTBEESPOORT DAM RMP REVIEW Resource Management Plan HARTBEESPOORT DAM REPORT – Volume 1 of 2 November 2016
HARTBEESPOORT DAM RMP REVIEW
Compiled by:
ENGINEEREX (PTY) LTD
107 Haymeadow Street
Boardwalk Office Park
Faerie Glen
Pretoria
0043
Tel: 012 664 1180, Fax: 012 667 0569
Email: elijah@engineerex.co.za
Prepared for:
THE DEPARTMENT OF WATER AND SANITATION
Private Bag X313
Pretoria. 0001
Tel: 012 336 8582, Fax: 012 324 6692
Website: www.dws.gov.za
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Copyright 2016 © Department of Water and Sanitation
Volume 1 of 2
HARTBEESPOORT DAM RMP REVIEW
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The Process Facilitator would like to acknowledge and thank the following for their contribution to the
development of the Hartbeespoort Dam Resource Management Plan Review:
Government departments;
Magalies Water;
Rand Water;
Adjacent land owners;
Madibeng Local Municipality and
Local communities.
The PSP also extends their gratitude to all stakeholders who attended and participated in the stakeholder
engagements.
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Copyright 2016 © Department of Water and Sanitation
Volume 1 of 2
HARTBEESPOORT DAM RMP REVIEW
TITLE AND APPROVAL PAGE
Recommended:
Name Title Signature Date
Project Leader: National Water Infrastructure
Lucky Mzanywa Branch: Integrated Environmental Engineering
(NWRI)
Thanduxolo
Director: Northern Operations, NWRI
Goodwill Dlamini
Leonardo Manus Chief Director: Infrastructure Operations, NWRI
Approved:
Name Title Signature Date
Deputy Director General:
Zandile Mathe
NWRI
Review:
Review Period Month Year
Annual Review of
December 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
Business Plan
Five (5) Yearly
December 2020
Review of RMP
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Copyright 2016 © Department of Water and Sanitation
Volume 1 of 2
HARTBEESPOORT DAM RMP REVIEW
RMP DRAFT FOR DWS REVIEW
Revision No: Description Date
1 DWS Review 03/10/2016
Final Draft for DWS Review
2 23/11/2016
3 Draft for Public Review 02/12/2016
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Copyright 2016 © Department of Water and Sanitation
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LIST OF ACRONYMS
ADU Animal Demography Unit
BP Business Plan
BID Background Information Document
CIWSP Cooperative Inland Waterways Safety Programme
DAFF Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries
DMC Dam Management Committee
DPW Department of Public Works
DWS Department of Water and Sanitation
DWAF Department of Water Affairs and Forestry
ECC Effective Carrying Capacity
ECHOS Environmental Characteristics Opportunity Spectrum
ECOS Environmental Characteristics Opportunity Spectrum
EMF Environmental Management Framework
FSL Full Supply Level
GWW Governmental Water Works
GP Guideline Programme
HBP Hartbeespoort Dam
I&APs Interested and Affected Parties
IDP Integrated Development Plan
IEE Integrated Environmental Engineering
IMP Integrated Management Plan
KPA Key Performance Area
NEMA National Environmental Management Act
NEMPAA National Environmental Management: Protected Areas Act, 2003 (Act No. 57 of 2003)
NPSC National Project Steering Committee
NWA National Water Act
NWRI National Water Resources Infrastructure
OMC Operational Management Committee
PCC Physical Carrying Capacity
PH Potential Hydrogen
PP Public Participation
PPP Public Private Partnership
PSC Project Steering Committee
PSP Professional Service Provider
QDS Quarter Degree Square
RCC Real Carrying Capacity
RMP Resource Management Plan
RPSC RMP Project Steering Committee
RWU Recreational Water Use
SAMSA South African Marine Safety Authority
SAPS South African Police Service
SDF Spatial Development Framework
SSA Swimming South Africa
SWOT Strength, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats
TWQR Target Water Quality Range
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The Department of Water and Sanitation (DWS) structure will have relevant role players who will
through the National Water Act, 1998 (Act No. assist in managing the dam. The role players
36 of 1998) is mandated to protect aquatic and include amongst others, the following:
associated ecosystems and their biological Department of Water and Sanitation (DWS)
diversity as well as to reduce degradation of the Department of Environmental Affairs (DEA),
water resources. As part of its mandate, DWS Department of Transport (DoT), South African
initiated the development of Resource Maritime Safety Authority (SAMSA), Cooperative
Management Plans (RMPs) together with the Inland Waterways Programme (CIWSP), National
supporting Business Plans (BPs) with the aim of Treasury, etc.
ensuring sustainable and equitable
development, utilisation and management of The success of the development and
Government Waterworks (GWWs). The use and implementation of the RMP depends on the role
management of the GWWs should be based on players and their level of participation. The
integrated Resource Management Plan (RMP). In different roles and responsibilities of
an effort to assist the minister in attaining these stakeholders, their relationship towards each
objectives and to ensure equitable access to the other and the steps in the planning procedure
dam, DWS initiated and commissioned the are imperative. During the Planning phase, a
development of RMP for Hartbeespoort Dam. process was established to contact stakeholders,
this included various methods of advertising.
Hartbeespoort Dam is an Arch type dam located During this phase stakeholder engagements
on the Crocodile River. It falls under the were conducted in order to introduce the RMP
jurisdiction of Madibeng Local Municipality project to the relevant key stakeholders which
within the Bojanala Platinum District comprised of three (3) governmental tiers
Municipality. (National, Provincial and Local) and Interested
and Affected Parties (I&APs). Participation
The primary purpose of the dam is mainly for Phase entailed three (3) important aspects
irrigation purposes. Roughly 80% of water is namely:
used for irrigation with lesser uses for domestic Identifying stakeholders through
consumption and compensation flows. Desktop Study and Site Inspection;
Informing the stakeholders about the
Secondary activities at the dam includes water proposed RMP project for the dam
based recreational activities such as boating, through Background Information
skiing, picnicking and other activities. The dam Documents, Flyers, Newspaper Adverts,
also has various up-market estates nearby telephone and email communication
which complements to the beautiful view of the and
dam. Meeting the stakeholders and I&APs
through Authorities and Public
Hartbeespoort Dam is owned and operated by
Meetings.
DWS. There are many access points into the
dam, some are used by DWS for maintenance Feedback is of utmost importance and is directed
purposes whereas some are privately owned. to and from stakeholders. In this project,
There are also various water-based activities at feedback has been given in a form of minutes of
the dam. As part of the RMP process there is a the meetings, follow up emails and telephonic
proposed institutional structure for the dam. The communication.
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During the Authorities and Public Meetings more the remediation programme.
issues of concerns were raised and common key The rationale was that the
objectives were updated. Intergovernmental forum
Some of the issues of concern that were would address compliance
identified include: enforcement through
The dam has been known to be heavily cooperative governance,
effective regulation of public
polluted due to the accumulation of
assets and equitable access,
phosphates and nitrates on its floor.
sustainable resource
Currently, there is no proper management through policy
management of outside boats to avoid and regulation, government to
the introduction of invasive alien plants promote public private
species (e.g. establishment of wash partnerships (PPP) and that
bays). effective communication was
The previously disadvantaged local promoted between
community is generally not aware of the government departments.
recreational opportunities that the dam
can offer, and as such their interest and Recreational industry sector group:
use is very low. o Access and access control to the
Implementing agencies which are dam - both private residents
running the remediation programmes at and the public.
the dam are given short term contracts. o Guaranteed access to the water
Other wetlands around the dam are for homeowners and controlled
found within the private land and it is access for the public.
impossible to conserve them. o Safety of the dam - skipper
There are no Wash bays at the dam, this training, water sport safety,
pose a risk of alien invasive species physical boat safety (SAMSA)
transfer from other dams to the and off- water safety and
Hartbeespoort Dam. security.
o Utilities – electricity, water,
The identified issues of concern will assist DWS sewage. Good infrastructure for
with the most appropriate approach into water users. Compliance with
ascertaining that the issues are addressed during industry norms and standards.
the development and/or implementation of the o Encourage appropriate use and
RMP. numbers on the dam – water
sports, fishing, shoreline use
The users put forward their specific objectives etc.
during the development of the existing o Appropriate use zoning.
Hartbeespoort Dam RMP in order to establish o Regulating the number and size
common goals among the user groups. The of boats on the dam.
previous objectives were identified and Infrastructure to get to the dam
classified as follows: - improved access.
o Encourage tourism to provide
Government sector group: overall economic benefit to the
o Technical Advisory Committee HPD area.
had to be established to
support the implementation of Land owners sector group:
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o 19 projects to be implemented During the RMP review, objectives were
by Harties metsi a me by identified as follows:
December 2009. Property
values must be sustained. Establishment of wash bays.
o Safety on water. Proper management of recreational
o Management with regards to activities to avoid conflicts at the dam.
institutional management, The water quality should be maintained,
policing, zoning for Jet Skis and for the benefit of all people.
promoting business. Equitable access to the dam
o Transparency of the use of Addressing illegal land uses at the dam.
donor and government funding. Improvement of the access roads
Proper institutional around the dam.
management. Sufficient water supply to the
o Sewage works i.e. hard Hartbeespoort Dam communities,
pollution upstream, addressing Establishment of a research centre at
the use of phosphates in soaps. the dam.
o Back-up generators for all Building a public swimming pool for the
sewage pumps etc to prevent local community.
spills during load shedding.
Ensure sustainable The Hartbeespoort Dam RMP was developed
development infrastructure e.g. considering the objectives underlying
sewage spilling. sustainable development. The vision for the
dam has been formulated and acknowledged
Resource managers group: by the relevant Stakeholders to be as follows:
o Execute and implement water
To make the Hartbeespoort Dam accessible to
quality standards.
all the people, while improving the state of the
o Establish conservation areas
water quality. Making the dam and its
and advise the public.
surrounding environment more adorable and
o Establish and co-operate with
improving its economic potential.
landowners to establish
shoreline. Percentage for
reverse engineering to re- The area has tourism development potential
establish shoreline. Vegetation. that will assist in unlocking the socio-economic
o Implement the remediation potential of the dam.
programme.
.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS.................................................................................................................. ii
TITLE AND APPROVAL PAGE .......................................................................................................... iii
RMP DRAFT FOR DWS REVIEW ...................................................................................................... iv
LIST OF ACRONYMS ....................................................................................................................... v
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ................................................................................................................. vi
TABLE OF CONTENTS .................................................................................................................... ix
CHAPTER1: INTRODUCTION ...........................................................................................................1
1.1. BACKGROUND OF HARTBEESPOORT DAM .......................................................................1
1.2. BIOPHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT ..........................................................................................3
1.3. USERS AND USES OF THE DAM ........................................................................................5
CHAPTER 2: LEGISLATIVE AND POLICY FRAMEWORK ..................................................................... 10
CHAPTER 3: WHAT IS A RMP? ....................................................................................................... 13
3.1. DEFINITION OF THE RMP ................................................................................................... 13
3.2 PURPOSE OF THE RMP REVIEW ..................................................................................... 13
3.3 PROCESS TRIGGERS ...................................................................................................... 13
3.4. RMP PLANNING STAGES .................................................................................................... 15
3.4.1. DESKTOP STUDY.................................................................................................... 15
3.4.2. SITE INSPECTION ................................................................................................... 15
3.4.3. PUBLIC PARTICIPATION ......................................................................................... 15
3.4.3.1. PLANNING PHASE .............................................................................................. 16
3.4.3.1.1. THE ROLE PLAYERS ............................................................................................ 16
3.4.3.2. PARTICIPATION PHASE ...................................................................................... 16
3.4.3.3. EXIT PHASE........................................................................................................ 16
3.4.4. PLANNING PARTNERS ........................................................................................... 17
3.5. RMP DATA ANALYSIS ........................................................................................................ 18
3.5.1. ENCUMBRANCE SURVEY........................................................................................ 18
3.5.2. OBJECTIVE IDENTIFICATION (PHASE 3) ................................................................... 19
3.5.2.1. SWOT ANALYSIS APPROACH .............................................................................. 19
3.5.2.2. VISION .............................................................................................................. 20
3.5.3. INFORMATION GENERATION/ RESEARCH (PHASE 4) ............................................... 21
3.5.4. FEASIBILITY FOR POTENTIAL OBJECTIVES ............................................................... 21
CHAPTER 4: INTERGRATED MANAGEMENT, ZONING AND INSTITUTIONAL PLANNING .................... 23
4.1. INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN (IEMP) ............................................. 23
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Volume 1 of 2HARTBEESPOORT DAM RMP REVIEW
4.1.1. INSTITUTIONAL PLAN ................................................................................................. 24
4.1.2. ZONING PLAN ....................................................................................................... 29
4.1.3. CARRYING CAPACITY ............................................................................................. 34
4.1.4. FINANCIAL PLAN ......................................................................................................... 35
4.1.5. STRATEGIC PLAN......................................................................................................... 35
4.2. THE WAY FORWARD .......................................................................................................... 38
CONCLUSIONS............................................................................................................................. 39
REFERENCES..................................................................................................................................2
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LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1: Hartbeespoort Dam Locality Map ................................................................................................ 2
Figure 2: Geology Map ................................................................................................................................. 7
Figure 3: RMP Review Framework ............................................................................................................ 15
Figure 4: Research Data ............................................................................................................................. 21
Figure 5: Integrated Environmental Management Plan ........................................................................... 23
Figure 6: Dam Management Committee................................................................................................... 25
Figure 7: Operations Management Committee ........................................................................................ 26
Figure 8: National RMP Project Steering Committee ............................................................................... 27
Figure 9: Hartbeespoort Dam proposed Water Surface Zoning Map ...................................................... 33
Figure 10: Hartbeespoort Dam Proposed Shoreline Zoning Map ............................................................ 34
Figure 11: Hartbeespoort Dam Proposed Overall Zoning Map ................................................................ 35
LIST OF TABLES
Table 1: Population Percentage .................................................................................................................. 8
Table 2: Hartbeespoort Dam RMP Process Triggers ................................................................................. 14
Table 3: RMP Planning Partners and their respective Mandates ............................................................ 17
Table 4: Summary of Biophysical Encumbrances ..................................................................................... 18
Table 5: Summary of Social Encumbrances .............................................................................................. 19
Table 6: Summary of Legal Encumbrances................................................................................................ 19
Table 7: SWOT Analysis ............................................................................................................................. 19
Table 8: Feasibility of Objectives ............................................................................................................... 21
Table 9: Water Surface management zones and their colour coding ...................................................... 31
Table 10: Shoreline zones .......................................................................................................................... 34
Table 11: Key Performance Area 1: Resource Management .................................................................... 36
Table 12: Key Performance Area 2: Resource Utilisation ......................................................................... 36
Table 13: Key performance Area 3: Benefit Flow Management .............................................................. 38
LIST OF APPENDICES
Appendix A : Stakeholder’s Database Register
Appendix B : Flyer
Appendix C : Background Information Document
Appendix D : Newspaper Advert
Appendix E : Correspondence email invitations (Authorities and Public Meetings)
Appendix F : Attendance Register and Minutes for Authority Meeting
Appendix G : Attendance Register and Minutes for Public Meeting
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CHAPTER1: INTRODUCTION
1.1. BACKGROUND OF weather conditions. Madibeng Local
HARTBEESPOORT DAM Municipality depends totally on the water from
the dam. Inhabitants around the dam and large
Hartbeespoort Dam is situated in the North settlements downstream, including the town
West Province within the Madibeng Local of Brits, use purified dam water for drinking.
Municipality under Bojanala Platinum District
Municipality. The dam is located on the The Hartbeespoort Dam and its immediate
following geographical coordinates: surroundings is a major tourist attraction and
0 0
25 44’34.81’’ S and 27 52’07.05’’E (See Figure it offers magnificent opportunities for water
1: Locality Map). The dam is owned and activities, mountain sports and a variety of
operated by DWS. other activities such as hiking, angling,
yachting, ballooning hang-gliding, parasailing
The dam has been known for its poor water and abseiling. Places of interest include the
quality over the years caused by the river aquarium, private zoo, Snake Park and a
catchment which flows from big the big city. cableway. Hartbeespoort Dam has a number
The dam was built mainly for irrigation of arts, craft and curio outlets and it is part of
purposes. Roughly 80% of water is used for the Heritage route to the World Heritage site
irrigation with lesser uses for domestic (Cradle of Humankind) where a variety of
consumption and compensation flows. Today historical and cultural interests are to be
irrigation canals are supplied with 110 - 150 found.
million cm3 of water per annum depending on
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Volume 1 of 2HARTBEESPOORT DAM RMP REVIEW
Figure 1: Hartbeespoort Dam Locality Map
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1.2. BIOPHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT southerly component. Cold air drains into the
Hartbeespoort Dam mainly from the east and
1.2.1. GEOLOGY west, supplemented from the south
The geology of the area is dominated by (Pelindaba) and from there it moves through
formations in the Pretoria Group of the the poort at the dam wall. (Hartbeespoort
Transvaal sequence; however, Dam, RMP, 2010)
undifferentiated surface deposits are located 1.2.3. HYDROLOGY
in the low lying areas. Outcrops within this 1.2.3.1. CATCHMENT
group include Magaliesberg, Silverton, Hartbeespoort Dam falls within the Crocodile
Daspoort, Hekpoort and Timeball which are (West) Marico Water Management Area
largely comprised of quartzites and shales. The (WMA) within the Crocodile River catchment
geological formations run from the northeast that drains into the Limpopo River. The
to the southwest through the study area. The Crocodile and Magalies Rivers and several
weather resistant quartzite ridges are the smaller tributary stream systems, including the
dominant landforms in the area as they are Leeuspruit and Swartspruit, feed the dam.
harder than the more easily eroded shales, and Ninety percent (90%) of the annual inflow to
give rise to the Magaliesberg and the reservoir is derived from the Crocodile
Witwatersberg. The Silverton and Timeball River which has a catchment area of
Shales form the valleys in between these 29,349km2. The volume of water in the river is
ridges. (Hartbeespoort Dam, RMP, 2010) See showing a steady increase as a result of return
Figure 2: Geology Map. flows from the Witwatersrand urban area. The
Crocodile River drains a large, highly
1.2.2. CLIMATE industrialised and urbanised area and hence
Hartbeespoort Dam falls within the Highveld the return flows are largely of treated sewage
Climate Region, characterised by warm and industrial effluents and subject to high
summers and mild winters with frost. levels of pollution. The Crocodile River
Temperatures range from extremes of continues on from the dam, flowing towards
approximately 400C to -60C, although average the northwest past Brits. (Mucinah, L and
temperatures are in line with a temperate Rutherford M.C. (2006))
climate. Average summer highs is 300C
lowering to 150C at night, whilst typical 1.2.3.2. WATER QUALITY
average winter temperatures range from 240C Water quality monitoring in the upper
during the day to 50C at night. The diurnal Hartbeespoort catchment, including the dam
range of the study area is quite large, averaging itself has been conducted comprehensively for
140C during summer and 180C during the the last few decades. From this data it can be
winter months. The rainy season for the seen that chemical variables have remained
Hartbeespoort Dam area is from mid-October constant, with sulphate concentrations in the
to March, peaking during January. Whilst the dam improving slowly but steadily in the last 3
precipitation of the Highveld Climate Region is decades. Water quality in terms of nutrients
characterised by thunderstorms, there are on also improved since the implementation of the
average only 23 days per year when thunder is special phosphate standard in the catchment,
recorded. but unfortunately, since 2000 have been
Hail occurs on average 3 days per year whilst showing a decreasing trend in both the dam as
the annual average rainfall is between 668 and well as the major feeding river.
671mm. Rain of greater than or equal to 1mm
per day occurs on average 55 days per year As part of the MAMP, additional monitoring
(NWDACE, 2006). The wind conditions are light was implemented to investigate the dynamic
to moderate with the dominant winds blowing nature of the dam. Up to 14 points were
from a north-easterly direction but for monitored at different depths, looking at the
thunderstorm conditions when it has a nutrient distribution within the dam, as well as
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the intensive monitoring in the Crocodile River, (Acacia Saligna), weeping willow (Salix
to allow more accurate determination of the Babylonica), Tickberry (Lantana camara,
quantity of phosphorus entering the dam. blackwood (Dalbergia melanoxylon) and the
While the dam monitoring supplied sufficient silver wattle (Acacia dealbata).
information to allow the defining of the
current condition, it is still far too soon to make 1.2.4.2. IMPACTS OF ALIEN PLANTS ON
statements about the effect of the NATURAL ENVIRONMENT
Programme, as other factors such as the They are water guzzlers.
biological state of the dam must also be They cause Eutrophication.
considered at all times when reporting the They outcompete and displace the
status of the dam. indigenous species.
They cause soil erosion.
1.2.4. VEGETATION
The dam falls within the Moot Plains Bushveld 1.2.4.3. CONTROL METHODS
and Gold Reef Mountain Bushveld Vegetation There are three methods to control or
types. The main vegetation type is; however, eradicate alien invasive species growing in the
the Moot Plains Bushveld Vegetation Type environment namely; Physical control,
described as being open to closed, low, often Chemical and Biological control.
thorny savanna, dominated by Acacia spp in Physical removal
the plains and bottomlands. Woodland of
Many invasive plants can be removed manually
varying height is found on the lower slopes and
or with the help of simple tools. Shrubs can be
hillsides and the herbaceous layer is typically
dominated by grasses. (Mucinah, L and removed by using a tree popper. The top
Rutherford M.C. (2006)) growth of such plants can be cut, followed by
the removal of the stem and roots from the
1.2.4.1. TERRESTRIAL ALIEN SPECIES ground. Larger trees can be dealt with using
Alien invasive plant species are non-indigenous the ring-barking method. This involves peeling
plants introduced from other countries. Once off the barks on the stem of the tree.
they were introduced, they tend to spread
beyond the area where they are desired. Alien Chemical removal
plant species also outcompete the indigenous Herbicides can be sprayed on plants less than
species wherever they germinate. Many of 2m in height for quick results. Spraying needs
these species are prominent in riparian to be done when there is no wind in order to
ecosystems. I.e. on the banks of water sources prevent spray drifting onto adjacent wanted
(streams, rivers, estuaries, dams and lakes). plants. All plants that are subjected to the
spray will be destroyed. Large tree can be cut
Alien species were either intentionally or down, leaving a stump as flat and as close to
unintentionally introduced to South Africa. The the ground as possible, and apply a
intentional introduction was for aesthetic recommended herbicide.
and/or economic gain. Some plants have been
introduced with the intent of aesthetically Biological control
improving public recreation areas or private Biological control consists of the use of natural
properties, whilst others are introduced for enemies to reduce the vigour or reproductive
ornamental or timber uses. potential of an invasive alien plant. Biocontrol
can be achieved by the use of specially selected
The most common Terrestrial Alien Plants in and carefully tested plant-feeding insects,
South Africa are the Black Wattle (Arcacia mites, and pathogens.
Mearnsii) , Mauritius Thorn (Caesalpinia
Decapetala), Guava (Psidium Guajava), Castor The terrestrial alien species identified at
Oil plant (Ricinas Communis), Blue Gum Morgenstond Dam is Black Wattle.
(Eucalyptus globulus), Pine Trees, Bug weed
(Solanum Mauritinum), Port Jackson willow
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1.2.4.4. AQUATIC ALIEN SPECIES Manual invasive plant control usually refers to
Aquatic weeds is defined as “unwanted and/or hand-pulling or digging. Manual control works
undesired plants which grow and reproduce in well for dealing with single plants or small
an aquatic environment ‘’.Whilst plants are infestations that can be eradicated with a small
important components of the aquatic amount of labour. It is most effective if invasive
environment, the excessive growth and spread plants are shallow rooted and the soil is loose
of aquatic weeds can have a detrimental effect or moist. One should be aware this type of
on water bodies and its inhabitants. Some of control may not be effective for invasive plants
the problems caused by the growth and spread that also reproduce by roots and rhizomes. In
of aquatic weeds in water bodies are as these instances, limited hand-pulling or digging
follows: may actually increase the size of the
Interfere with or prohibit recreational infestation.
activities such as swimming, fishing,
Biological control
and boating.
Biological control often works best on large
Detract from the aesthetic appeal of a
infestations, or infestations that are near the
water body.
water. It is a long-term approach and often it
Stunt or interfere with a balanced fish
takes many years for insects to establish and
population
results to be seen. In some cases, a single
Produce quiet water areas that are
biological control agent can adequately control
ideal for mosquito breeding.
an invasive plant species. However, in most
Certain weeds can give water bad cases, a variety of agents are needed to
tastes and odours. achieve control of the weed species population
Impede water flow in drainage ditches, levels. Biological control will not eradicate the
irrigation canals, and culverts, causing infestation directly. Rather, the agents are
water to back up. used to decrease the vigor and seed
Deposition of weeds, sediment, and production of the plants in order to decrease
debris, can hinder bodies of water to their competitive ability. Therefore, it is
fill in. important to use other weed management
There are ten known aquatic weeds in South strategies to ensure that the infestations are
Africa. The known weeds include, among contained.
others, the Water Hyacinth (Eichhornia
crassipes), Red water fern (Azolla filiculoides), 1.3. USERS AND USES OF THE DAM
Parrots feather (Myriophyllum aquaticum),
Water lettuce (Pistia Stratoites), etc. 1.3.1. WATER-BASED USE
Water uses in terms of S21 of the National
1.2.4.4.1. CONTROL METHODS Water Act, 1998 (Act No. 36 of 1998) [NWA]
include the use of water for recreational
Mechanical Control purposes (S21 (k)); waste and discharge
Mechanical control usually refers to the related uses and changes to the flow of the
mowing or mechanical cutting of an invasive water in the dam as well as its characteristics
plant infestation to limit seed production. With (S21(c) and (i)). The portions of the shoreline
mowing, timing is essential. Invasive plants that are significantly developed in terms of
must be removed before the plants go to seed S21(c) and (i) water uses include inter alia:
in order to be an effective method of control.
Plants should be cut as close to the ground as The entire northern portion of the
possible and may have to be treated more than Schoemansville shoreline;
once in a growing season to achieve desired Ifafi;
results. Ile du Lac;
Ile dÁfriq;
Manual Control Pecanwood;
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Eagles Landing;
The Islands;
Club Nautique;
Westlake;
Lakeland; and
Kosmos.
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Figure 2: Geology Map
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1.3.2. RECREATIONAL USE According to Statistics South Africa Census
2011(Census 2011), Population per Ward for
Currently the recreational use of the water the Bojanala District Municipality in which the
surface could be considered to be of a casual
HARTBEESPOORT DAM is located is
nature related to a weekend recreational
approximately 22374 (See Table 1 Below) and
market including boating and fishing; a few of the lowest in the catchment. The number of
commercial operations (i.e. “party boats”), and residents in the study area itself has been
the occasional organised event. Many of these growing steadily over the past number of years
uses, in particular the commercial operations the trend being the expansion of urbanisation
are; however, regarded as unlawful and will in the form of both the conversion of farms to
undergo regularisation. Although the main townships as well as densification of existing
triggers for the RMP and remediation process residential and small holding areas.
were not conflict between the various user
groups but rather water quality concerns, it Table 1: Population Percentage
could amplify without intervention when the
water quality improves and the recreational
demand increases.
Population People Percentage
Group
1.4. SOCIO-ECONOMIC
13293 59.41%
ENCUMBRANCES White
8549 38.21%
Black
1.4.1. ECONOMIC SIGNIFICANCE OF THE
DAM 256 1.14%
Coloured
A large economy with an associated
community has developed around as well as
Indian or 164 0.73%
downstream of the dam in response to the
Asian
availability of water and other ecosystem
goods and services. The economy consists of a 112 0.50%
Other
wide range of industries, enterprises, land
uses, and of course - households. The 1.4.3. CULTURAL HERITAGE
ecosystem services provided by Hartbeespoort The cultural-heritage of the Hartbeespoort
Dam include provisioning (water availability for Dam is primarily associated with human
abstraction), regulatory (waste assimilation), interventions and creations from earliest times
and supporting services (i.e. settlement until recent past. These heritage resources are
(residential, holiday and commercial) and non-renewable and therefore vulnerable to
recreational amenity). The settlement and environmental and social pressures (NWDACE,
associated local economy is a function of the 2006). An inventory of these sites has been
dam’s attributes or ecosystem services. There prepared by the Hartbeespoort Environment
are thus a large number of households with a and Heritage Association.
significant GDP tied to Hartbeespoort Dam and
its quality. In addition to the annual GDP value,
1.5. COMMUNITY BENEFICIATION
the Hartbeespoort Dam properties have on
average a R1.1 million greater value than the
It is DWS’s belief that Local Communities
average value of properties in other similar
should equally share the benefits emanating
sized towns in the region. This indicates that
the dam attributes or services generate from the utilisation of the dam for recreational
relatively higher value properties. The Local purposes, by ensuring that they have both
Municipality also benefits significantly from physical access to the resource, as well as
access to the water-based recreation
1.4.2. POPULATION economy.
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Volume 1 of 2HARTBEESPOORT DAM RMP REVIEW
According to DWAF (2006), by ensuring that Encourage the press, particularly radio
the Local Communities move beyond merely and the print media to proactively
being affected by or living close to a water provide relevant information and
resource but rather undertaking the transition awareness to communities;
to become participants will ensure that water Work closely with NGOs to educate
resources can and will be protected by the communities concerning the water-
people closest to and most affected by the based recreation industry and create
dam. awareness;
Make information on community
Communities also have a critical and essential
resources and attitudes transparent
role to play in the management and utilisation
and accessible to all levels of national,
of the dam for recreational use. These include
provincial and local governments;
amongst others the following:
Identify potential recreational
Sensitize the private sector, tourism
activities and attractions within the
parastatals, environmental agencies
area;
and NGOs to the importance of
Participate in all aspects of recreation,
communities’ involvement in such
including being recreators and
development;
tourists;
Actively participate in and promote a
Oppose developments that are
responsible industry; and
harmful to the local environment and
Become directly involved in an eco-
culture of the community;
tourism and recreation project, either
Participate in decision-making with
as:
respect to major developments
Customers who will purchase
planned or proposed for the area;
goods or services from the project;
Work toward enhancing the positive
Participants who are employed
benefits and minimise the negative
within the project or alternatively
impacts;
who seek to set up businesses in
Have a representative voice in all
and around the project; and/or
recreation structures at national,
Investors who may wish to invest
provincial and local levels;
their money and resources in the
project as a whole.
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Volume 1 of 2HARTBEESPOORT DAM RMP REVIEW
CHAPTER 2: LEGISLATIVE AND POLICY FRAMEWORK
According to DWAF (2006), utilizing water, and V. Merchant Shipping (National Small
in certain instances the state land surrounding Vessel Safety) Regulations (2007): The
water resources, must comply with relevant Department of Transport has
legislation and policies. A legal survey published such to regulate inland
illustrated that within the South African Motor Vessels, regarding aspects such
context, ensuring compliance with relevant as classification, vessel safety and
legislations is pivotal to the attainment of certification, authorisation,
sustainability. This includes relevant Acts, enforcement, etc.
Regulations and Planning Frameworks such as: VI. Methodology for Carrying Capacity
Assessment for the Use of Water for
I. Conservation of Agricultural Resource
Recreational Purposes (DWAF 2003):
Act, 1983 (Act No. 43 of 1983):
Regulation 7 and 8 deals with the The carrying capacity of a water
protection of wetlands and water resource represents the maximum
courses, while regulations 15 and 16 level of visitor/recreational use and
deals with Alien Invasive Plant Species related infrastructure that the water
and bush encroachment. resource and surrounding area can
II. Consideration on Institutional accommodate, without diminishing
Arrangement for Managing Use of user satisfaction or adverse impacts
Water for Recreational Purposes upon the local or host community, the
(DWAF RWU GP4, 2003): It outlines economy and culture of the area.
some of the institutional issues at a VII. National Environmental Management
local level and makes Act, 1998 (Act No. 107 of 1998): NEMA
recommendations about the serves as South Africa's Environmental
conditions under which different Framework Legislation. It was
Institution Management designed to provide for co-operative
arrangements may be considered. and Integrated Environmental
Governance by establishing a general
III. General Public Participation
framework for decision-making on
Guidelines (DWAF, 2001): Public
matters affecting the environment.
Participation refers to ongoing
interaction between Role Players and VIII. National Environmental
all Stakeholders that is aimed at Management: Biodiversity Act, 2004
improving decision making during (Act No. 10 of 2004): The aim of this
planning, design, implementation and Act is to provide for the management
evaluation of all project within the of the South Africa’s Biodiversity
State, this includes the proposed within NEMA’s Framework.
development of the RMP.
IV. Guidelines for Compilation of Zoning IX. National Environmental
Plans for Government Waterworks Management: Protected Area Act,
(DWAF, 1999): This is a framework 2003 (Act No. 57 of 2003): The aim of
this Act is to provide for the protection
policy designed to establish the
and conservation of ecologically viable
objectives and principles regarding the
areas, which are representative of
recreational water use of government South Africa’s Biodiversity, as well as
waterworks as well as the various tools natural landscapes and seascapes.
for policy implementation.
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Volume 1 of 2HARTBEESPOORT DAM RMP REVIEW
X. National Treasury Public Private XV. The constitution of the Republic of
Partnership (PPP 2005) Toolkit for South Africa, 1996 (Act No. 108 of
Tourism, 2005: This toolkit assists the 1996), Section 24: It provides that,
process of development of tourism- everyone has a right to an
based businesses on State-owned environment that is not harmful to
Land. The Toolkit makes it easier for their health or well-being.
Institutions and the Private Sector to XVI. Merchant Shipping (National Small
enter into tourism related Vessel Safety) Regulations, 2007: The
partnerships on State Property Department of Transport has
managed by National and Provincial promulgated these to regulate small
Government Institutions. vessel regarding aspects such as
classification, vessel safety
XI. National Water Act, 1998 (Act No. 36 requirements, certification,
of 1998): This Act recognizes that authorisation, enforcement, etc. It
water is a scarce resource; it is a also provides for the provision of an
natural resource that belongs to all of Enforcement Officer who can go
South Africans. “The Minister, as the aboard a vessel and search it and take
custodian of the nation’s water possession of any intoxicating drugs or
resources must ensure that GWWs are liquor. The Enforcement Officer may
protected, used, developed, managed also request that the Identification
and controlled in a sustainable and Documents, Skipper’s Licenses etc. be
appropriate manner, for the benefit of produced. The Officer may also direct
all and in accordance with its the movement of the Small Vessel
constitutional mandate”. where necessary
XII. Operational Policy Document on
XVII. The Mountain Catchment Areas Act,
Using Water for Recreational 1970 (Act No. 63 of 1970): The main
Purposes (DWAF RWU OP1, 2004): purpose of this act is to provide for the
This policy is the main guideline in conservation, use, management and
support of the RMP process with control of land situated in Mountain
regards to the basic principles, Catchment Areas, and to provide for
policies, strategies and actions for matters incidental thereto.
regulating the use of water for
recreational purposes. XVIII. The Regulations in Respect of
XIII. Resource Management Plans: Government Dams and Surrounding
Compilation Guidelines (DWAF RWU State-owned Land, No. R654 of 1964:
GP2, 2006): It directs and guides the This regulate the use and access to the
development of RMPs by providing GWWs.
insight into the purpose and objectives XIX. South African Maritime Safety
of these plans, the procedure for its Authority Act, 1998 (Act 5 of 1998)
compilation and structure of such One of SAMSA’s three legislative mandates is
documents. “to ensure safety of life and property at sea”.
The Act enables SAMSA to administer and
XIV. Resource Management Plans: Zoning execute the relevant maritime legislation.
Protocol (DWAF RWU GP2, 2006):
Environmental Characteristics The RMP process also takes cognizance of the
Opportunity Spectrum (ECHOS) is a following legislation:
new comprehensive planning Broad-based Black Economic
technique to establish zones through Empowerment Act, 2003 (Act No. 53 of
the layering and processing 2003).
information.
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Volume 1 of 2HARTBEESPOORT DAM RMP REVIEW
Communal Land Rights Act, 2004 (Act providing access to Government waterways
No.11 of 2004). and watercourses have a responsibility to
Disaster Management Act, 2002 (Act ensure that the required fixed and/or floating
No. 57 of 2002).Draft Local Economic AtoN are provided after obtaining the
Development Strategy of SLM (2012). necessary support from DWS and thereafter
Intergovernmental Relations the permission by SAMSA.
Framework Act, 2005 (Act No.13 of In order to demarcate specific
2005). zones/areas, standardised
Land Administration Act, 1995 (Act No. demarcation markers are to be used in
2 of 1995). conjunction with the relevant AtoN.
Local Government: Municipal Systems (James’ comments: or include it where
Act, 2000 (Act No. 32 of 2000). it is the most appropriate)
National Heritage Resources Act, 1999 SAMSA Marine Notices and its
(No. 25 of 1999). Directive on the Standardisation of
Occupation Health and Safety Act, fixed and floating AtoN and
1993 (Act No. 85 of 1993). Demarcation Markers on all navigable
Public Finance Management Act, 1999 Inland Waterways in the Republic of
(Act No. 1 of 1999). South Africa.
Restitution of Land Rights Act, 1994 The Cooperative Inland Waterways
(Act No. 22 of 1994). Safety Programme (CIWSP) The
State Land Disposal Act, 1961 (Act No. Cooperative Inland Waterways Safety
48 of 1961). Programme (CIWSP) project is a
The Constitution of South Africa, 1996 partnership between multiple
(Act No.108 of 1996). government entities and between the
The IDP of MLM and GSDM. government and the community.
Safety of Navigation The aim is to enhance the development of a
In addition to its common law responsibility, best practice model to ensure a safe and
DWS is, in terms of the requirements described structured inland maritime environment and
in the National Water Act, Act No 36 of 1998, culture, whilst protecting the country’s
amongst others, responsible for the safety of precious water resources.
Government’s waterways and watercourses,
including its dams. DWS, its delegated public Not only do these Acts, Regulations and
sector partner, or a delegated water Frameworks guide specific decisions and
management institution, has therefore the actions, they also provide the framework for
responsibility to provide the required fixed monitoring performance and compliance, and
and/or floating AtoN for general navigation. provide guidelines regarding contravention,
offences and penalties. This list is not
In addition to the DWS, Local Accountable extensive, other legislation could also be
AtoN Parties (LAAP) and other Bodies applicable.
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Volume 1 of 2HARTBEESPOORT DAM RMP REVIEW
CHAPTER 3: WHAT IS A RMP?
3.1. DEFINITION OF THE RMP the Government Gazette after the review. This
will serve as a regulation in terms of Section 26
The RMP is a plan which aims to manage the of NWA to guide the management authority in
utilization of a water resource and the decision-making purposes as well as an
surrounding state land in ways which promote awareness-building tool for staff, operators,
community participation and beneficiation, contractors and water users.
environmental conservation and to unlock
3.3 PROCESS TRIGGERS
socio-economic potential of the water
resource for recreational use. Hence, one of
the main functions of the RMP process is to Process Triggers are the factors that influenced
implement an Institutional and a Zoning Plan DWS to initiate the development of the RMP.
for the effective management of GWWs. In A number of factors have been identified by
addition, a BP describes the manner in which DWS which drove the need to develop the
the RMPs are to be financially resourced. RMPs. These include amongst others the
following:
Recreational use includes activities ranging
Resource Management:
from leisure, sport to culture and religion.
The water resource within protected area,
Although recreational use does not involve
consumption of water, it is still a major water or is subject to protection legislation;
Invasive alien species; and
use and needs to be managed correctly to
Water quality issues.
ensure increased community participation and
beneficiation with minimal disturbances and Recreational Industry Involvement:
environmental impacts. Conflict between users (in terms of
Schedule 1 of the NWA) due to no
The RMP requires a five (5) year revision and management tool in place;
an annual revision for the BP to ensure that Public safety with regards to the use of
management objectives remain relevant and inland vessels;
management actions are continually Community and economic opportunities
improved. exists; and
Uncontrolled developments within dam
3.2 PURPOSE OF THE RMP REVIEW
basin.
The purpose of the RMP review is to ascertain Community Participation and Beneficiation:
its contribution to the attainment of the Challenges of communities regarding
National Water Act, 1998 (Act No. 36 of 1998) physical access to the dam and access to
objectives by ensuring effective engagement the water-based economy of the resource;
of communities affected and interested in the Participation and beneficiation of
water resource and its utilisation, and also the surrounding communities remains a
engagement of industry key role-players. challenge;
Unlocking the economic potential of the
The RMP review also ensures that the plan is
dam through the establishment of
based not only on ecological principles but also
effective Public Private Partnerships
on the needs and expectations of communities
(PPPs); and
and the recreational industry.
Equitable and sustainable benefit flow into
The existing RMP for Hartbeespoort Dam was the community through the creation of
approved on June 2010. However, it was never appropriate institutional arrangements.
nor gazetted. In this regards, the resultant
approved reviewed RMP will be published in
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Volume 1 of 2HARTBEESPOORT DAM RMP REVIEW
Public Policy: water resource must either be developed
The water resource should be identified as or updated.
a local development objective in terms of
an Integrated Development Plan (IDP) or Other site specific factors that are of relevance
Strategic Development Framework (SDF) for Hartbeespoort Dam have been identified as
for the relevant Local and/or District follows:
Municipalities. The Zoning Plan for the
Table 2: Hartbeespoort Dam RMP Process Triggers
Trigger Factors Description
Alien Invasive Species
Hartbeespoort Dam has a problem of water hyacinth which needed
to be removed.
Water Quality
The discharge of raw sewage from sewage plants into the dam has
reduced the water quality and buildup of algae.
Resource Management The occurrence of algae has resulted in the descent of the water
quality and caused bad odour.
Secondary Activities
The dam is comprised of different recreational activities which needs
proper management.
Remediation Programs had to be initiated in order to rehabilitate the
dam.
Tourism
Community Participation The dam is well known as a good tourism destination in the
and Beneficiation Northwest Province. There are also various illegal commercial
activities that developed around the dam.
Integration of Hartbeespoort Dam in Planning Initiatives
The Hartbeespoort Dam should be integrated in other planning
Public Policy initiatives and decision support tools such as Madibeng Local
Municipality IDP, LED plans as well as Bojanala Platinum District
Municipality Environmental Management Framework (EMF).
To ensure that DWS’s policy regarding reviewed by consulting with relevant
Integrated Resource Management is achieved, Stakeholders in order to ascertain other
DWS appointed Engineerex (Pty) Ltd as the challenges as well as common objectives to be
Professional Service Provider (PSP) to review met by the RMP and was based on the RMP
the existing RMP as well as to develop the BP Review Framework as illustrated in Figure 1
for Hartbeespoort Dam. The existing RMP was below:
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Volume 1 of 2HARTBEESPOORT DAM RMP REVIEW
Figure 3: RMP Review Framework
3.4. RMP PLANNING STAGES Parties (I&APs) were identified during site
inspection through liaison with representative
3.4.1. DESKTOP STUDY from the DWS Harties Metsi A Me Remediation
The desktop study was conducted in order to programme.
collect the baseline information about the dam 3.4.3. PUBLIC PARTICIPATION
as well as the surrounding environment. This In order to complete the RMP, it is essential
study provided information such as the that the information obtained in the previous
location of the dam, user groups, current phases are utilized as planning input. A Public
activities and previous studies conducted for Participation was conducted in order to
the dam. acquire information for Phase 2 (Encumbrance
Survey), Phase 3 (Objective Identification)
3.4.2. SITE INSPECTION
and Phase 4 (Information Gathering and
A site inspection was conducted at
Hartbeespoort Dam on 26 June 2014 to gather Research) from Stakeholders.
baseline information using a checklist
questionnaire. The site inspection was The public participation for this project was
undertaken with the DWS delegates (DWS IEE formulated to include the following objectives:
and the Dam Manager). Photos of the study The identification of role players;
area were also taken during site inspection. Introduce the RMP project to role
players and inform them about their
Additional background information was roles and responsibilities;
collated from consultation with different
Stakeholders. Other Interested and Affected
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