ABOLITION OF POVERTY CERTIFICATE IN NEW STUDENT ADMISSION IN 2019 - DPR RI
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Research Center DOMESTIC POLITICAL DIVISION
Expertise Agency of DPR RI
Gd. Nusantara I Lt. 2
Jl. Jend. Gatot Subroto
Jakarta Pusat - 10270
c 5715409 d 5715245
m infosingkat@gmail.com A BRIEF STUDY ON ACTUAL AND STRATEGIC ISSUES Vol. XI, No. 2/II/Puslit/January/2019
ABOLITION OF POVERTY CERTIFICATE
IN NEW STUDENT ADMISSION IN 2019
Dewi Sendhikasari D.
25
Abstract
The government, through the Ministry of Education and Culture (Kemendikbud)
has officially erased the Certification of Poverty (SKTM) route in the Admission of
New Students (PPDB) 2019. This is due to the proliferation of fake SKTM which is
then abused. This article will investigate the decision to erase SKTM in PPDB 2019
and the need for an integration of population data. This decision to erase SKTM
should be followed by a thorough preparation, particularly concerning the data of
the students that will participate in PPDB. The government should integrate the
population data to ease data collecting, especially concerning students who cannot
afford to pay to access education. Besides that, DPR through their supervision
function needs to continue urging the government to improve their population
data and Kemendikbud to make education policies oriented to public needs, because
education is the right of each citizen, and it is the nation’s obligation to provide that
education.
Introduction Number 51 Year 2018 about New
The government, through the Student Admission in Kindergarten,
Ministry of Education and Culture Elementary School, Junior High
(Kemendikbud) has officially erased School, Senior High School, and
the Certificate of Poverty (SKTM) Vocational High School.
route in new students’ admission. This decision to erase the
This is stated by the Minister of SKTM in PPDB 2019 is not without
Education and Culture, Muhadjir reason. The problems related to
Effendy in a press conference about SKTM that happened in previous
the rules concerning the New years’ PPDB are the reason
PUSLIT BKD Students’ Admission (PPDB) 2019 behind this decision, namely,
(kompas.com, 15 January 2019). The the proliferation of fake SKTM.
rules about PPDB 2019 is regulated It is recorded that more than 78
by the Minister of Education and thousands SKTM were abused in
Culture Ruling (Permendikbud) PPDB 2018, which can be seen in thesudden upsurge in SKTM request process of issuing SKTM, which
near the time of school application. shows the problems in government
It is suspected that many students agencies, particularly the ones
from well-off families suddeny claim responsible for issuing SKTM.
to be poor, so that they can enter SKTM is a certificate released by
their chosen schools. This proeblem the village government for poor
of fake SKTM is not merely a families to help them in obtaining
problem faced by educational social, medical, economical, and
institutions, but also as one facet of educational services.
a wider problem, such as taxation, SKTM was not only used in
mentality and identity of the PPDB, but also used as a requirement
nation, management of educational for processing scholarship programs
institutions, and even good and applying for being a Welfare
governance (nasional.sindonews. Fund Recipient (PBI) of Social
com, 21 January 2019).
On the other hand, the
Security Provision Agency (BPJS).
The documents needed to request
26
General Secretary of Federation of SKTM are: 1) Original and copy of
Teacher’s Associations Indonesia Family Card (KK); 2) Original and
(FSGI), Satriwan Salim views copy of Identity Card (KTP); 3) Proof
that the government should have of Poverty from local RT/RW. These
increased their supervision, rather 3 documents are used to issue SKTM
than straight up erasing SKTM from by the local village.
PPDB. It is feared that this decision After those documents are
would screw over students and prepared, the requester would make
families which has not been listed a preliminary letter from local RT/
in either Smart Indonesia Card RW, with KK and KTP attached,
(KIP) and Ideal Family Program then they would bring the letter to
(PKH), which includes many the local village government to issue
students and families (republika. a SKTM signed by the village head,
co.id, 16 January 2019). Meanwhile, ready to be used for things such as
the large number of students and seeking treatment in puskesmas or
families not yet listed in either leniency from schools or educational
KIP or PKH programs also shows institutions. However, if validation
the problems in population data is needed, it can be done through
management in Indonesia. This local subregency and related offices,
writing will investigate the decision because in several cases new SKTM
to erase SKTM from PPDB 2019 can only be used after approval
and the need for population data from subregency government and/
integration. or related offices (www.pasienbpjs.
com, 21 January 2019).
Requesting Certificate of The ease of requesting SKTM
Poverty (SKTM) means the agency responsible
The decision of erasing SKTM for issuing it can easily issue
from PPDB 2019 by the government SKTM without actually knowing
becomes a highlight, due to several whether the requester is poor or
cases of SKTM abuse. One of the well-off. Thus, an improvement
aspects scrutinized is how the in administration of governmentagencies is needed, particularly in of education. As stated by Mark
the low level of village government. Olsen, John Codd, and Anne-Marie
Data collecting can also be done O’Niel, education policies is ket for
from the level of RT/RW, which the excellence, or meven existence of
should know the local population’s nation states in global competition,
condition better, so that they cannot so education policies need to have
give the preliminary letter of SKTM the main priority in the globalization
request willy-nilly. era. One of the main arguments is
globalization brings the vakues of
Educational Policy and democracy, and a fruitful democracy
Integration of Population Data is one supported by education
In Law Number 23 Year (Tilaar, H.A.R. dan Riant Nugroho,
2014 about Local Government, 2008: 267).
government matters consist of The decision to erase SKTM
27 absolute government matters, from PPDB 2019 needs to be
followed by a thorough planning
concurrent government matters, and
general government matters. Then, and solution, particularly concerning
concurrent government matters is its future impacts, especially since
divided between central and local there is the problem of many
government, so that the concurrent students and families not yet
government matters handed over to listed in KIP and PKH. It is feared
the local government becomes the that if this problem is not solved,
basis for local autonomy. The local there would be poor students who
concurrent government matters is failed to enter the proper school as
further subdivided into mandatory assigned by their zonation due to
and optional government matters. not being listed in KIP and PKH.
Education is considered part of the This is what is said by the General
mandatory matters, related to basic Secretary of FGSI, Satriwan Salim
services. who asked that before the policy is
Because it is a basic service, the implemented, the government has
government should make policies to really record all the children and
that are public-oriented, especially families who are not well-off to be
in spreading education locally. included in KIP and PKH programs,
In deciding educational policies, in order to still fulfill the PPDB
the government should pass them quota (republika.co.id, 16 January
through thorough steps, particularly 2019).
the formulation steps. The presence Besides that, the Educational
of SKTM was also part of the PPDB Monitoring Network Indonesia
policy to mandate public schools (JPPI) demands that the government
to reserve at minimum 20% of simplifies the process of updating
their capacity for poor students, the data of poor students receiving
by requiring SKTM for those poor KIP. This demand is made as SKTM
students to apply to their chosen is erased from being a requirement
school. of affirming poor students in PPDB
The decision to erase SKTM in 2019. According to the National
PPDB 2019 is an education policy, Coordinator of JPPI, Ubaid Matraji,
that is, a public policy in the field until now the procedure of KIPdata update is too complicated, so it can become a population database
the government needs to reform usable in all aspects, especially public
the bureaucracy involved. The services.
complicated bureaucracy is the
reason why many poor students Conclusion
have not been listed yet as a The decision to erase SKTM
recipient of KIP (republika.co.id, 16 from PPDB 2019 should be followed
January 2019). by a thorough preparation concerning
According to this data the data of studets that will participate
collection of the students, the in PPDB. This is especially for poor
PPDB organizers need to cooperate students, those who are listed in KIP,
with related technical units in the whose families receive PKH, and/or
local government to integrate the recommended by the school. Thus,
population data. This case of SKTM the government should quickly
can provide the momentum for
the government to integrate their
integrate the population data so that 28
it is easier to collect data, particularly
population data by synergizing concerning those who cannot afford
the Citizenship and Civil Records school. Besides that, DPR through its
(Dukcapil) with the tax office. supervision function needs to keep
If Dukcapil has only dealt with urging the government, particularly
population data, the tax office has Kemendagri to improve their
already collected data about the population data and Kemendikbud in
economic status and assets of the making educational policies oriented
people. In the yearly tax letter form to public needs, because education is
(SPT), citizens have included their the right of every citizen, and it is the
income and owned assets, both state’s duty to providen it.
moving and unmoving (nasional.
sindonews.com, 21 January 2019). Reference
Thus, the decision to erase Awaliyah, Gumanti dan Esthi
SKTM must be followed by an Maharani, “FSGI: Penghapusan
accurate data collection on the SKTM dalam PPDB Aneh dan
students, particularly on those not Paradoks”, https://republika.
yet listed in KIP. Besides that, a data co.id/berita/pendidikan/
updating on the families eligible education/19/01/08/pl0bjc428-
to receive PKH is also needed, fsgi-penghapusan-sktm-dalam-
because besides KIP one of the ppdb-aneh-dan-paradoks,
requirements needed by a poor accessed 16 January 2019.
student in PPDB is being from a Awaliyah, Gumanti dan Esthi
family receiving PKH and/or school Maharani, “JPPI: Pembaruan
recommendation. Thus, the removal Data Penerima KIP Masih
of SKTM from PPDB does not Berbelit- belit”, https://republika.
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2019!", https://edukasi.kompas.
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Khoirunisa, Rizqia, “Cara Mudah
Membuat SKTM bagi Warga
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mudah-membuat-sktm-untuk-
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January 2019.
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Tilaar, H.A.R. dan Riant Nugroho.
(2008). Kebijakan Pendidikan:
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Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar.30
Dewi Sendhikasari D.
dewi.sendhikasari@dpr.go.id
Dewi Sendhikasari Dharmaningtias, S.IP., MPA., finished her undergraduate study in
Governmental Studies in STPMD "APMD" Yogyakarta in 2007, and her graduate study
in Public Administration in Gadjah Mada University Yogyakarta in 2009. Currently, she
is serving as a Junior Researcher in International Relations, in the Research Center of
Parliamentary Expertise Agency DPR RI. Some of her scientific articles that has been
published, either through journals and/or books are: "Partisipasi Masyarakat dalam
Pemilu dan Kesiapannya Menghadapi Pemilu Serentak" (2015), "Evaluasi Terhadap
Pemekaran Daerah dan Potensi Penggabungan Daerah" (2016), and "Pembagian
Kewenangan Pemerintahan dalam Pengelolaan Energi Nasional" (2016).
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