Bright Minds, Fresh Ideas Student Think Tank Summer Research Project 2018
←
→
Page content transcription
If your browser does not render page correctly, please read the page content below
Bright Minds, Fresh Ideas Student Think Tank
Summer Research Project 2018
Options for Reliable Transportation for Low Income Individuals
Bright Minds, Fresh Ideas Think Tank Students
Name Grade Phone #s Email Addresses
Gedeon Guercin 11th 321-217-8035 guercingedeon@gmail.com
Deandra James 12th 407-692-5238 computerhead5609@gmail.com
Table of Contents
Abstract…………………………………………………………………………………………4
1. Florida’s Transportation History……………………………………………..……….5
1.1 The State Road Department……………………………………………….5
1.2 Early Rail Roads…………………………………………………………….5
1.3 Walt Disney’s Appeal……………………………………………………….6
2. The Present…….………………………………………………………………………7
2.1 How does Florida compare with other transit systems? …………………7
2.2 Recent Statistics………………………………………………………………8
2.3 Why is there a need to go? ………………………………………………...11
2.3.1 A Quick Glance of Current Forms of Transportation………12
2.4 Reliance on Certain Fuels and Alternatives………………………………13
3. Florida’s Future Concepts……………..…………..………………………………..14
3.1 Comparisons between Rail Roads…………………………………………14
3.2 The Near Future……………………………………………………………...15
4. About the Researchers…………………………………………………………..…...15
4.1 The (Research) Team as a Whole…………………………………………15
4.1.1 About the Research Team…………………………...……….17
5. References…………………………………………………………………………..…18
List of Figures
Figure 1. Early Transportation
Figure 2. Florida East Coast Railway
Figure 3. Concept for the Community of Tomorrow’s city center
Figure 4. District 1 DVMT
Figure 5. District 2 DVMT
Figure 6. District 3 DVMT
2
Bright Minds, Fresh Ideas Student Think Tank
Figure 7. District 4 DVMT
Figure 8. District 5 DVMT
Figure 9. District 6 DVMT
Figure 10. Other Counties DVMT
Figure 11. Sources of Travel Spending Chart
Figure 12. Twentieth Century Developmental Rail Road System
Figure 13. Florida High Speed Rail Authority Proposed Statewide System
Figure 14. First Generation of Hyperloop One
Table
Table 1. Gasoline and Alternative Fuels
3
Bright Minds, Fresh Ideas Student Think Tank
Abstract
Transportation allows us to complete processes and transfer items across
the globe; it allows us to communicate efficiently. The flow of people or
consumables is governed by transportation; be it by car, planes, or bicycles,
transportation is crucial to human communication and living a daily life. Notably,
Florida is one of the top 15 tourist attractions in the United States, which leads to
busy transportation. It houses Walt Disney World, spectacular beaches, and the
list runs down. Moreover, with a population of about 21 million, a growth rate of
1.68% annually, and a rapid influx of tourists by the tens of millions, reliable
transportation needs to improve, especially for low income individuals. A mass of
people and tourists alike directly correlates to the need for reliable transportation.
On the contrary, transportation has improved for tourist and resident populations
alike. This includes, but is not limited to, the emergence of State Highway
Systems and public transits, such as the All Aboard Florida high speed railway
and the re-emergence of Amtrak as a viable option. Yes, there is reliable
transportation and improvements to them, but there is not enough for low income
individuals.
Contemporarily, the present age of Uber and Lyft had provided opti ons for
reliable and affordable transportation rather than a taxi, but overall their uses are
quite similar. On another note, the future of transportation in Florida has to
advance to many forms. These concepts, per se, are begun with projects. For
instance, The Florida Hyperloop Project and The All Aboard Florida’s Brightline
Rail Project offer additional solutions that can expand beyond the requirement of
transportation needed for the future.
Furthermore, underground train systems have been a cheap, reliable, and
also readily available option for transportation. Cities such as London, England,
and New York City use these transit systems, but this option does not suit well
for Florida, unfortunately. We have to identify and research Florida’s past,
present, and future transportation, which can help us offer solutions and
recommendations. The team delved in Florida’s transportation past, present, and
future. Our team also took factors into our output for solutions, such as
employment (mainly low-income individuals), accessibility, capacity, reliability,
speed, fuel efficiency/economy, safety, most dynamic, and cost/fare of ticket or
cost of service.
4
Bright Minds, Fresh Ideas Student Think Tank
1. Florida’s Transportation History
Transportation has been around since the beginning of Did you know?
human needs. The need to get “things” from one place to
another has been, and still is, crucial to our everyday lives If you wanted to take a
or betterment. Humans, in general, have utilized walking, trip to Tampa while in
running or swimming as early modes of reliable Florida more in the 19th
transportation in 8000 Before Christ (B.C.). Moreover, and 20th century, you
humans domesticated would take a stage coach
animals, such as horses, line. The stage coach lines
to allow for the facilitation were like the modern bus
of transportation in 4000 or airlines that utilized
B.C. The Industrial tickets, schedules, and
Revolution emerged and regular routes in its
erupted new forms of system(s). The stage
transportation (e.g., coach lines during the 19th
steam ships, rail and 20th century were
Figure 1. Early Transportation
transports, and reliable sources of
automobiles) that reduced cost and human/animal labor. transportation for
commuters. A stage coach
1.1 The State Road Department line called “Concord”
Florida’s transportation history is a dense and an connected Tampa Bay’s
innovative one. Carl Graham Fisher, the thinker of The roads and routes.
Dixie Highway, recognized the need for a reliable highway
to funnel his customer's southward. The Central Florida
Highway Association, a powerful organization with members from Naples to
Tallahassee, argued for a western branch of the Dixie Highway that would offer
travelers an alternate route between Macon, Georgia and Miami via a string of towns on
the western side of the Florida peninsula. In November 1915, Carl Fisher announced his
intention to build the nation’s first true national automobile highway linking the north and
south. Fisher originally intended for the highway to connect between Chicago and
Miami. The Florida transportation system began with the State Road Department,
which was enacted in 1915 by the Florida Legislature. The 1916 Bankhead Act, which
was passed by Congress and signed by President Woodrow Wilson, expanded the
department’s responsibilities, provided $75 million dollars, began the U.S. highway
system as we know today, and gave it authority to: establish a state and state-aid
system of roads; engage in road construction and maintenance; acquire and own land;
exercise the right of eminent domain; and accept federal or local funds for use in
improving roads.
5
Bright Minds, Fresh Ideas Student Think Tank1.2 Early Rail Roads
During the period of Reconstruction (1865-1877), which followed the history of
post-Civil War, many Floridians found themselves disconnected, so to speak, from the
rest of the country in means of transportation. Florida, at the time, had few roads and
needed to build more. Unfortunately, state debt from the Civil War only hindered this
need. Northern business saw investment opportunities in Florida. In 1881, a man by the
name of Hamilton Disston bought four million acres
of land from Orlando to Lake Okeechobee for 25
cents per acre. This single investment helped get
Florida out of debt and on the road to building!
Henry M. Flagler — an industrialist and a key figure
in The Florida East Coast Railway — settled in the
eastern town of St. Augustine. He built its first big
hotels, the Ponce de Léon, which was the most
luxurious of its time. To encourage people to visit,
he built railroads to help connect St. Augustine and
Daytona Beach to railways that could bring guests
all the way from New York. By 1900, Florida had
more than 3,000 miles of railroad, its transportation
problems diminished, and the economy was
thriving. Particularly, railroads have improved with
new technology and expansions, such as the
SunRail Southern Expansion and the All Aboard
Brightline Orlando to Miami Project (See Page 12).
Moreover, trains evolved from the rural short
lines to the present major rail systems today! The
history of rails in Florida spans more than 160
years. In fact, the passenger trains of Henry Plant
Figure 2. Florida East Coast Rail Way
and Henry M. Flagler established the urbanized
Florida of today.
1.3 Walt Disney’s Appeal
Florida’s many attractions, such as Walt Disney World, play a key role and
reason why reliable transportation is needed. The
Walt Disney World, in Central Florida, exceeds
WHEN ASKED WHAT ATTRACTED attractions nationally and globally. The head of
DISNEY TO ORLANDO, [DISNEY] the Walt Disney Company saw great potential in
WOULD SAY: “THE WAY THE the Florida city. In an essay on Walt Disney World
ROADS CROSSED” and tourism, the historian Foglesong describes
Disney’s immediate attraction to Orlando’s
growing highway system. Walt Disney World
currently holds 47 square miles of land or 30,080
6
Bright Minds, Fresh Ideas Student Think Tankacres. Interstate 4 was under construction at the time (where attraction and
transportation meet), which cut across the state and would connect the park to
Interstate 95 and the entire East Coast. The Florida Turnpike to Miami came next.
Before The Experimental Prototype Community of Tomorrow (EPCOT) there was
Project X or, later, Project Florida: Florida’s first idea of a utopian metropolis. This
interconnected community, if you will, would be a place where people can feasibly travel
and reside together. This would include a web of electric monorails and car-sized
movers, acting as spokes, transporting residents back and forth. Reality was a big
problem (specifically
logistics) for this concept for
the “Community of
Tomorrow’s City.” Walt
Disney Productions had the
land, manpower, the
designs, and the dream to
build the Community of
Tomorrow, but due to Walt’s
death in 1966, reality was
not on their side, although
Figure 3. Concept for the Community of Tomorrow's city center
EPCOT evolved to a theme
park based upon futurism.
2. The Present
As you have already been familiar with, transportation is nothing new and reliable
forms have really yet to become abundant.
2.1 How does Florida transits compare worldwide?
Florida, overall, can be seen as behind in the “best” transportation systems in the
world. With surrounding bodies of water, a high sea level, and ineffective soil layers, it
makes underground transportation systems quite difficult to implement, thus decreasing
our base for those transportation modes. Likewise, other countries have unique
transportation, such as the London Underground (which ranks among one of the
greatest metro systems in the world) and New York City’s Metropolitan Transportation
Authority (MTA) subway lines (which are doubled and can run simultaneously, for 24
hours a day). The team’s research has led to an understanding that the most current,
cheap, and (especially) reliable forms of transportation are underground rail systems
that have performed at such a pinnacle for decades, but Florida’s geographic structure
is just not cut out for typical underground systems. This led the team in researching and
7
Bright Minds, Fresh Ideas Student Think Tankguiding ourselves, with support, to transportation systems In a 2016 report,
that would be the best options for people with low income 588,062,806 miles
which are, quite frankly, reliable.
of public roads are
2.2 Recent Statistics driven daily by
According to the State Highway system report, vehicles in Florida.
322,869 miles were traveled daily by vehicles as of June 30,
2017 on the State Highway System. The average number of
miles driven per licensed driver in Florida, annually, is 11,836. In 2006, people drove
303,603 miles daily and, a decade later, it increased to 322,050.5 driven daily on the
roads of the State Highway System.
The average number of cars in each Florida household is two. This average
(share) is 4.1% higher than the U.S. average (share). Additionally, employees in Florida
have a longer average commute time (25.8 min) than the average U.S. employee (25.3
min). Worthy to note, about 2.33% of Florida’s workforce have “super-commutes” in
excess of 90 minutes, which increases the factor of reliability.
According to the U.S. Census Burea in 2016, 79.2% of commuter transportation
was private, 9.2% carpooled, 6.2% worked at home, 2.1% took public transit, 1.5%
walked, 1.1% took other modes of transportation, .6% rode a bike, .3% drove a
motorcycle, and .1% took a taxi. The percentage (share) of people in Florida who drive
alone is greater than the national percentage (share of 76.3). Only 2.1% of people in
Florida use public transit which is 3% lower than the U.S. at a 5.1 percentage share.
The charts below represent each county’s Daily Vehicle Miles Traveled (DVMT)
in Florida on the State Highway System (as mentioned in the foundation of Florida’s
transportation history), respectively in 2016:
District 1 DVMT
25000
20000
15000
10000
5000
0
Centerline Miles Lane Miles Daily Vehicle Miles
8
Bright Minds, Fresh Ideas Student Think TankFigure 4. District 1 DVMT
District 2 DVMT
6000
5000
4000
3000
2000
1000
0
Centerline Miles Lane Miles Daily Vehicle Miles
Figure 5. District 2 DVMT
District 3 DVMT
30000
25000
20000
15000
10000
5000
0
Broward Indian River Martin Palm Beach St. Lucie
Centerline Miles Lane Miles Daily Vehicle Miles
Figure 6. District 3 DVMT
9
Bright Minds, Fresh Ideas Student Think TankDistrict 4 DVMT
25000
20000
15000
10000
5000
0
Centerline Miles Lane Miles Daily Vehicle Miles
Figure 7. District 4 DVMT
District 5 DVMT
35000
30000
25000
20000
15000
10000
5000
0
Miami-Dade Monroe
Centerline Miles Lane Miles Daily Vehicle Miles
Figure 8. District 5 DVMT
District 6 DVMT
25000
20000
15000
10000
5000
0
Citrus Hernando Hillsborough Pasco Pinellas
Centerline Miles Lane Miles Daily Vehicle Miles
Figure 9. District 6 DVMT
10
Bright Minds, Fresh Ideas Student Think TankOther Counties DVMT
12000
10000
8000
6000
4000
2000
0
Centerline Miles Lane Miles Daily Vehicle Miles
Figure 10. Other Counties DVMT
Transportation implementation varies depending on the population in a particular
area. With that, there are currently 327,000,000+ people in the U.S. Florida is ranked
third with the highest population numbers in the United States (U.S.). It’s also a hotspot
for tourists, not only in the U.S. but around the globe. According to Visit Florida, 112.4
million people visited Florida in 2016, and in 2017 it increased by 3.6% with 116.5
million visitors. On average, 2.2 million people visit Florida every day. Likewise, in 2016-
2017 327,811 people became residents of Florida (divide by 365 days in a calendar
year) which amounts to 898.11 or 900 new Floridian residents daily that year.
2.3 Why is there a need to go?
People have been going places since needs existed; be it for food or shelter,
people are always on the move
— it’s a part of our everyday
lives. Moreover, travel spending
is increasing year over year. “The automobile is a beautiful toy, and a
Humans travel for work, leisure useful one, too, as everyone knows; but you
activities, needs, and the list can’t really count it an unalloyed joy. For it’s
continues. only a pleasure, as far as it goes.”
In 2017, the number of - Florida Highways, December 1923
domestic leisure trips was higher
than business trips, in millions.
People have their needs for travel; and transportation has to fill the need, especially with
reliable and affordable ones. The average international trip expense for an American
11
Bright Minds, Fresh Ideas Student Think Tankwas $6,080 (Sqauremouth, 2018). Nonetheless, travel and tourism contributes to 28.4%
of the U.S. Global Domestic Product (GDP). The top leisure activities for U.S. domestic
travelers in order from #1 to #5 are visiting relatives, shopping, visiting friends, fine
dining, and rural sightseeing (as of a 2017 U.S. travel report).
Facts:
• Nearly 3:4 (74%) of domestic trips were related to leisure purposes.
• Because of the tax revenue generated by travel and tourism, each household
pays $1,300 dollars in taxes related to travel.
Sources of Travel Spending Chart
10%
10% 105.9 Million
106.6 Million
10%
15% 257 Million
152 Million
19% 21%
193.1 Million 220.4 Million
Food Services Lodging Public Transportation
Auto Transportation Recreation/Amusement Retail
Figure 11. Sources of Travel Spending Chart
2.3.1 A Quick Glance of Current Forms of Transportation
Railroads today have complemented the efforts of Hamilton Disston and Henry
M. Flagler. With further research in contemporary railroad transportation, there will be a
new SunRail southern expansion that is a 17.2 mile segment including four additional
stations to the existing rail system — connecting communities. With the construction of
the I-4 Ultimate Project and expansions to railroads in Central Florida, much is
changing. Although the connectivity of cities in Florida hints at the desires and
expansions of 19th century railroads.
Amtrak has also re-implemented the conventional passenger train as a viable
transportation option, there has been a resurgence of commuter rail services such as
southeast Florida’s Tri-Rail, and a revolution in rail technology is ready to bring high-
speed rail service in Florida.
2.4 Reliance on Certain Fuels and Alternatives
Americans are quite reliant on gasoline as our primary source of fuel for vehicles; be
it cars or buses, we’re importing (imports minus exports) a lot of crude oil — or
unrefined oil used in products like gasoline — from the middle east. In 2017, 142.85
12
Bright Minds, Fresh Ideas Student Think Tankbillion gallons of gasoline (or finished motor gasoline) was consumed in the United
States, which is a daily average of 391.40 million. This can be seen to an extremity of
reliance on gasoline for our daily commutes! There are more alternative fuel sources
and they serve as reliable and affordable options for low-income individuals.
Alternative fuels are sources of energy other than gasoline used to power motor
vehicles. It’s used to improve the environment by lowering the amount of (carbon)
emissions being released. There are a total of eight alternative fuels that are well known
such as Ethanol, Compressed Natural Gas (CNG), Electricity, Hydrogen, Propane,
Biodiesel, Methanol and P-series fuels. These fuels contain advantages as well as
disadvantages, such as the limitation of production and distribution, the production of
propane and natural gas that creates methane which is detrimental to the globe (global
warming), and the costly lack of infrastructure. These positives and negatives also have
an effect on the environment, which is taken into consideration during the decision for
the creation of more transportation. With such a dependency on finished motor
gasoline, prices will almost always increase. Nevertheless, electric vehicles and one of
the alternative fuel options, CNG, can save you dollar for dollar, yearly, on maintenance
and fuel costs.
CNG in a car can be seen as difficult and unaffordable, although CNG can save
you more than $50 a month depending on your vehicle. CNG has also been
increasingly used in public transportation as they deliver the power needed for those
heavy vehicles and are reliable, such as trains and buses. If you drive a lot of miles —
either go to and from work or recreational activities — CNG will be better for your dollar
in the long run. The Miami-Dade County Department of Transportation and Public
Works in Florida will receive funding to purchase CNG buses to replace older buses.
The new buses will improve the efficiency and reliability of the bus service in the Miami
area. The same can be said for electric vehicles as they are increasingly becoming the
norm today, especially for the future. In fact, charging an electric vehicle (EV) is
equivalent to less than a dollar per gallon of gasoline. You can also save $1,400
annually as an EV driver. Compared to gas-powered vehicles, battery-electric vehicles
could save owners 100% on oil; 35% on scheduled maintenance; and 30% percent on
repairs. There are also federal tax incentives that make these alternatives open for
options, as they’re reliable and cost-saving. The table below represents gasoline and
alternative fuels with their prices:
Table 1. Gasoline and Alternative Fuels
Fuel Price
Biodiesel (B20) $2.87 per gallon
Electricity $0.12 per kilowatt
13
Bright Minds, Fresh Ideas Student Think TankEthanol (E85) $2.21 per gallon
Compressed Natural gas $2.18 gasoline gallon equivalent
Propane $2.83 per gallon
Gasoline $2.67 per gallon
Diesel $3.03 per gallon
3. Florida’s Future Concepts
3.1 Comparisons between Rail Roads
There have been additions to railroads since
Figure 12. Twentieth Century Developmental Rail Road System
Figure 13. Florida High Speed Rail Authority
Proposed Statewide System
the 19th and 20th century. Although the two
images may look identical, there are
connections to cities like Fort Myers and Fort Lauderdale that look to the improvements
of railroad connectivity.
3.2 The Near-Future
The future of high-speed travel is inevitable and although the Jetson image of a city
has yet to come, the future of transportation is being acted upon. Upon the team’s
14
Bright Minds, Fresh Ideas Student Think Tankresearch, we came upon a past concept, but now a company called Hyperloop One.
Hyperloop One is the future of high-speed transportation that moves freight and people
quickly, safely, on demand,
and direct from the origin to
destination. Unlike common
trains that utilize rail
support and contain moving
parts, Hyperloop vehicles
contain maglev that uses
two sets of magnets to
push the train up off the
track as in levitation.
Figure 14. First Generation of Hyperloop One Maglev trains, like
Hyperloop One, travel
along a guideway of magnets which manages the train’s stability and speed. Hyperloop
trains are fully autonomous and enclosed, thus eliminating any need for an onboard
pilot and weather hazards. This once future concept (though still in production) is a quite
new and additive form of transportation in 50+ years. In fact, Florida has been named a
winner in a proposal to build Hyperloop transportation systems across the state, which
is called the Hyperloop Florida Project.
Orlando is one of the potential routes in Florida for this new high-speed
transportation. If this continues, the proffered 257-mile route would connect to the
Orlando International Airport to the Port of Miami via a 26-minute ride. The potential
route for the Virgin Hyperloop One
uses the same high-speed rail right-
of-way between the Beachline and “THE PLAN IS TO MAKE HYPERLOOP ONE
Davenport before following Highway AFFORDABLE FOR EVERYONE” – VIRGIN
27 south. There is also a second HYPERLOOP ONE
Hyperloop project that is in the works
for Central Florida between Orlando
and Tampa. This new route will, by
some chance, be suited along the median of I-4. This concept is expected to be
commercialized soon; hopefully, by 2021 will the operational systems be ready for
human and cargo transportation.
Brightline, a diesel-electric high speed rail system in Florida, is considering a high-
speed link between Orlando and Tampa. The All Aboard Florida’s Brightline Rail Project
will connect Orlando to Miami with a planned stop in Tampa. The construction of the
Orlando Station is expected to take about three years: this will include laying more than
15
Bright Minds, Fresh Ideas Student Think Tank170 miles of new track! Brightline’s future connected passenger rail system, that
includes current operation in South Florida (and a future line in Orlando), will benefit the
state’s residents, visitors, and the economy tremendously. Brightline is already
operating in South Florida and is working on its $2 billion phase 2, which will connect
the existing train from West Palm Beach to the Orlando International Airport.
Brightline will offer passengers an
“Brightline is a win for Florida. The Tampa opportunity to get from Orlando to
Bay Area’s growing population demands Miami in one hour. Brightline’s South
Florida to Orlando route is expected
new transportation options and we believe
to be operational by 2021 or early
this is the best, if not only, chance to 2022. Noteworthily, each train uses
connect our state with passenger rail” – only clean biodiesel for low
Bob Buckhorn, Mayer and Chairmen, emissions, which has been provided
House Transportation and Infrastructure by Florida Power & Light (FPL). It’s
Subcommittee estimated that Brightline can help
remove up to three million vehicles
from the road each year, reducing
“THIS PROJECT HAS A MUCH GREATER
traffic congestion, greenhouse
emissions, and fuel consumptions! LIKELIHOOD OF SUCCESS THAN ANY
When the All Aboard Florida’s OTHER U.S. PASSENGER RAIL PROJECT IN
Brightline is complete, it will provide a RECENT HISTORY…..ALL ABOARD
more affordable connection between FLORIDA MAY IN FACT BE A NICHE
Central and South Florida and relieve MARKET WHERE HIGHER SPEED RAIL
traffic congestion on Florida MAKES BUSINESS SENSE WITHOUT TAX
roadways with top speeds of 125 PAYER SUPPORT.” – JAMES MADISON
miles per hour (mph). The All Aboard INSTITUTE (JMI)
Florida project is filling a public need
that uses private funds, without
asking for public subsidies or grants. Should the project default, only those who
invested in the bonds are responsible, not the taxpayers (as announced by Governor
Rick Scott). This project spurs true benefits for the option of high-speed passenger rail
systems that are affordable for everyone! Would you ride high-speed rail between
Tampa and Orlando? Ctrl+Click this hyperlink to vote your opinion.
4. About The Researchers
4.1 The (Research) Team
The researchers who crafted this paper were a part of the Bright Minds, Fresh Ideas
(BMFI) Student Think Tank, which was an internship. This “Think Tank” allowed the
students/researchers to form ideas with like-minded individuals that would not only
16
Bright Minds, Fresh Ideas Student Think Tankbenefit Florida’s present and future, but allowed the students to take a dive into the
past. The researchers worked in teams — big and small — to share and collect
ideas/solutions. This “internship” was supported by Orange County Public Schools
(OCPS), Career Source Central Florida, Manpower, and Florida Prosperity Partnership.
It’s hoped that this information that the research teams gathered may not only benefit
Floridians, but the entire world as we know it.
4.1.1 About the Research Team
Oak Ridge High School
Because he yearns for wisdom, Gedeon Guercin looks to always
exemplify prudence in every effort. Gedeon Guercin is a rising junior at
Oak Ridge High School who strives to be at his peak. This team member
is Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM)-minded
and is part of the Aviation and Aerospace Engineering Magnet at Oak
Ridge High School. Gedeon takes part in many extra-curricular activities, such as the
Real World Design Challenge (RWDC), Recycling Club, and many others. With a hope
to impact the world positively, Gedeon Guercin uses his gifts to the best in all efforts. It’s
important to Gedeon Guercin that he takes part in opportunities — like this guided
internship — to not only better himself but the world around him.
Ocoee High School
Deandra James is a rising senior at Ocoee High school in Ocoee,
Florida. She is a part of National Honor Society (NHS), an Advanced
Placement (AP) and honors student, completed a college class through
dual enrollment, and gained a certified nursing assistant license. Deandra
was also accepted to take another dual enrollment class to become a
certified Medical Laboratory Assistant (MLA) that will begin within her
senior year of high school. She also plans to further her knowledge of finances and
strives to accomplish her goal to become a doctor.
17
Bright Minds, Fresh Ideas Student Think Tank5. References
Admin. (2018). Factors to consider when choosing mode of transport. Retrieved July 2018
Alternative Fuels and Advanced Vehicles. (2018, April 2). Retrieved from AFDC.ENERGY:
https://www.afdc.energy.gov/fuels/
Authors, W. (2018, January 12). List of Interstate Highways in Florida. Retrieved from wikipedia:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Interstate_Highways_in_Florida
Authors, W. (2018, June 27). Maglev. Retrieved from wikipedia:
https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maglev&action=history
Brenza, V. (2018, June 23). Brightline tosses hat in the ring to develop Orlando-to-Tampa high-speed rail.
Retrieved June 2018
Brezina, V. (2017, August 2). Hyperloop One completes 2nd phase of testing, reaches nearly 200 mph
(Video). Retrieved from bizjournals:
https://www.bizjournals.com/orlando/news/2017/08/02/hyperloop-one-completes-2nd-phase-
of-testing.html
Brezina, V. (2017, April 27). Hyperloop One's Orlando-Miami route would connect to seaport. Retrieved
from bizjournals: https://www.bizjournals.com/orlando/news/2017/04/27/hyperloop-ones-
orlando-miami-route-would-connect.html
Falzon, E. (2017, July). Where are the world's best metro systems. Retrieved from CNN:
https://www.cnn.com/travel/article/world-best-metro-systems/index.html
Florida Department of Transportation. (2010). Current Freight Rail System in Florida. Retrieved July 2018
Florida Department of Transportation. (2017, June 30). State Highway System Report 1: All Roads.
Retrieved July 2018, from fdot.gov.
Hub, R. H. (2018). Barriers in Rural Areas . Retrieved from Rural Health Information Hub:
https://www.ruralhealthinfo.org/toolkits/transportation/1/barriers
Independent Statistics & Analysis U.S. Energy Information Administration. (2018, June 6). How much
gasoline does the United States consume? Retrieved from eia.gov.
Irwin, J. (2017, March 29). Private high-speed rail project with planned Tampa stop is safe for now.
Retrieved June 2018
Ivestopedia. (n.d.). Curde Oil. Retrieved from investopedia:
https://www.investopedia.com/terms/c/crude-oil.asp
Kutschere, S. (2018, July 4). Travel statistics to know about in 2018 and 2019. Retrieved from trekksoft:
https://www.trekksoft.com/en/blog/65-travel-tourism-statistics-for-2019
Light, M. (2018, January 4). Everyone is Moving to Florida – Census Shows 900 People Move to Florida
PER DAY. Retrieved from miamiluxuryhomes: https://www.miamiluxuryhomes.com/everyone-
is-moving-to-florida-census-shows-900-people-move-to-florida-per-day/
18
Bright Minds, Fresh Ideas Student Think TankLima, D. (2018, January 8). A preview of Brightline, the Miami-to-Orlando passenger train project.
Retrieved from bizjournal: https://www.bizjournals.com/tampabay/news/2018/01/08/a-
preview-of-brightline-the-miami-to-orlando.html
Marshall, A. (2015, December 10). You Just Lost Your Chance to Own a Piece of the St. Louis Disneyland
That Never Was. Retrieved July 19, 2018
Mongello, L. (2005, Febuary 11). Walt Disney World History 101 – “How to buy 27,000 acres of land and
have no one notice”. p. 1.
News, N. G. (2013, Febuary 21 (Thursday)). Tampa Launches CNG-Powered Refuse Fleet. Retrieved from
cngnow: http://www.cngnow.com/News/Post.aspx?ID=814
Picchi, A. (2016, June). Uber vs. Taxi: Which Is Cheaper? Retrieved June 2018
Schwed Law. (2018). Recent Railroad Accidents Raise Questions Regarding the Safety of Brightline Trains
in South Florida. Retrieved from https://schwedlawfirm.com/train-accidents/brightline-train-
safety/
Smith, T. (2017, August 16). A record 60 million-plus tourists have visited Florida so far in 2017. Retrieved
from Tampa Bay Times: http://www.tampabay.com/news/business/tourism/a-record-60-
million-tourists-have-visited-florida-so-far-in-2017/2333813
Storey, K. (2018, May 21). A hyperloop connecting Orlando and Tampa along the I-4 may be in the works.
Retrieved from orlandoweekly: https://www.orlandoweekly.com/Blogs/archives/2018/05/21/a-
hyperloop-connecting-orlando-and-tampa-along-the-i-4-may-be-in-the-works
USF College of Education. (2002). Growth of Florida's RailRoads. Retrieved June 2018, from
https://fcit.usf.edu/florida/lessons/railrd/railrd1.htm
What is CNG? (n.d.). Retrieved from cngnow: http://www.cngnow.com/what-is-cng/Pages/default.aspx
19
Bright Minds, Fresh Ideas Student Think TankYou can also read
