Presentation - Copenhagen City on alternative drivelines and fuels and procurement strategy towards 2025
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Presentation – Copenhagen City on
alternative drivelines and fuels and
procurement strategy towards 2025…
David Marc Gurewitsch
Fleet Development
COPENHAGEN CITY
The Technical- & Environmental Administration
City Operations
Inner outer pressure…
Focus for the transition
+ NOX +
Operation slowly moving forward…
2015 fuel consumption
- a CO2 indicator
6% 12%
Diverse
19% 6% Entreprenørmaskiner (KMC)
Fejemaskiner, store
Græsklipper
Grave- læssemaskiner
3%
19%
Lastvogne > 3500 kg
Minibusser < 3.500 kg
Minitraktorer, Redskabsbærere
3%
Personbiler
2%
1%
Traktorer
0% 27%
Vans
1% Varevogne < 3.500 kg
1%
Varevogne, komprimator
Crucial view of the actual/
expected hurdles and gains
for each driveline and fuel solution
• Matureness of driveline?
• Infrastructure geography placements vs. investment needed ?
• Expected cost of driveline and after sale price ?
• Operation costs (fuel and service) ?
• Ensure easier fleet management?
• Range needed / winter operation issues ?
• Iddle usage that leads to NOX og PM focus ?
• Value change emissions (WtW) of CO2 and NOX ?
• Pilots for un-proven solutions (drivelines/fuels)
• New tender focal points (clean Vehicle Directive/emission impact)
• Joint procurement + Cross Boarder Joint Procurement can gain crucial
knowledge on how to encrease volume on a small volume market
Tender focus on WtW CO2
(well to wheel - alternative fuels)
Diesel & gasoline
HVO diesel
Battery electric
Biogas Power
Costs & emissions of different
driveline/fuels vs. diesel
- A generic overview based on VW and Mercedes Minitrucks -
* 10.000 KM/year
All well to wheel CO2 emission
Recommendations for the choice of drivelines - Based on our own needs/requirements
CPH – procurement of drivelines
and fuels over time…
Large trucks
for winter
usage + long
HVO or GTL
hours (diesel engine)
Small/medium
sized trucks + Biogas (CBG) *
short range + (gasoline engine)
good tanking
logistics !
Retrofit:
Battery electric (BEV)
or Bio methanol
(gasoline engine)
Battery electric (BEV)
Fuel cell (FCEV)
+ Range Extender
(REEV) with fuel cell
og conventional
2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025
engine (H2 or
*65-75 kg gas pr. 100 km in winter operation using PTO for salt spread.
GTL/HVO or
Available gas tank 128 kg gas with standard setting = 170 km winter range ! methanol)
Dynamic overview – to be up-datedCPH – procurement of drivelines
and fuels over time…
HVO or GTL
(diesel engine)
Retrofit:
Bio methanol
(gasoline engine)
Battery electric (BEV)
2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025
Dynamic overview – to be up-datedCPH – procurement of drivelines
and fuels over time…
HVO or GTL
(diesel engine)
Retrofit:
Bio methanol
(gasoline engine)
Battery electric (BEV)
2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025
Dynamic overview – to be up-datedCPH – procurement of drivelines
and fuels over time…
HVO or GTL
(diesel engine)
Retrofit:
Bio methanol
(gasoline engine)
Battery electric (BEV)
FCEV + Range
Extender (REEV) with
fuel cell (H2 or
2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 methanol)
Dynamic overview – to be up-datedCPH – procurement of drivelines
and fuels over time…
Retrofit:
Bio methanol
(gasoline engine)
Battery electric (BEV)
FCEV + Range
Extender (REEV) with
fuel cell (H2 or
2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 methanol)
Dynamic overview – to be up-datedMitsubishi iMiev
2010
160
Renault Zoe 1 gen
2011
210
Nissan Leaf III
2016
250
Renault Zoe II
2017
400
Opel Ampera e
2018
KM NEDC range (new unkown)
500
- passenger cars
Nissan/Renault/VW
2020
600
Hyundai/VW/Mercedes
(solid state)…
+2022
Battery development vs range
1100CPH – procurement of drivelines
and fuels over time…
HVO or GTL
(diesel engine)
Retrofit:
Bio methanol
(gasoline engine)
Battery electric (BEV)
2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025
Dynamic overview – to be up-datedCPH – procurement of drivelines
and fuels over time…
HVO or GTL
(diesel engine)
Retrofit:
Bio methanol
(gasoline engine)
Battery electric (BEV)
2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025
Dynamic overview – to be up-datedCPH – procurement of drivelines
and fuels over time…
HVO or GTL
(diesel engine)
Retrofit:
Bio methanol
(gasoline engine)
Fuel cell (FCEV)
+ Range Extender
(REEV) with fuel cell
2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 (H2 or methanol)
Dynamic overview – to be up-datedHVO or GTL
(diesel engine)
Biogas (CNG) Recommendation of where to go…
Battery electric (BEV)
Fuel cell (FCEV)
an overview of all categories!
+ Range Extender
HEAVY DUTY
VEHICLES
LIGHT DUTY
VEHICLES
HEAVY DUTY
MACHINES
LIGHT DUTY
MACHINES
2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025
Dynamic overview – to be up-datedPlanning is needed…
Most efficient
solutions by + 2020
2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025
Registration and data
gathering for entire fleet
+ centralized procurement and
ownership and service
Dynamic overview – to be up-datedPilots done! GTL Natural gas based diesel replacement fuel Reducing: NOX by 12 % and PM by 32 % – no CO2 reduction Additional reductions: • Illimination of large particles and aromatics • Nearly no smell • No loss of power or cold start problems • Especially good for reducing PM when engine is iddling
Coming pilots CO2 reducing/green methanol for vehicles and machines Producing methanol from CO2 and renewable power sources Using green methanol in gasoline/gas engines Reducing both CO2, NOX and PM Potential: • Global fuel – local production • Danish technology • A temporary technology? New generation of engines...
Getting the politician to decide… • Operation with limited economy – heavy investments are needed... • A political position paper is necessary • Result...?
Joint Procurement…
Focus
• Lower price for new and alternative technologies
• Let the market know where we and other municipalities are
Joint procurement
• National network of 20 municipalities on the procurement of BEVs,
PHEVs and FCEVs
Cross boarder joint procurement
• CNCA (Stockholm, Oslo and Copenhagen) procurement of wheel loaders
• Sharing of operation data; tender experiences; business cases
• Promoting the solutions towards entrepreneurs and rental companies
• Coming Scandinavian procurement network
• Setting the same demands on WtW: CO2, NOX, TCO…?Learnings… • Holistic approach is needed • Traditional methods don’t work • Engage stakeholders (users/local, national and international) • Open up for innovation • Engage with partnerships/network • Demonstrate it – show it!
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